五更溏泄 用五味子二两,吴茱萸五钱,二味炒香为末,每陈米汤下三钱。
水泄 用神曲炒香六两,茴香五钱,生姜三两为末,米糊丸,每服五七十丸。
痰积泄泻 用海石、青黛、黄芩姜汁炒、神曲干炒为丸,每服三五十丸。
暴水泄不止 用肉豆蔻三个,面裹煨熟,为细末,只作一服,食前陈米汤下。
脾胃中风温滑泻 用川芎、神曲、炒白术、附子泡各等分。
上为末,曲糊丸,米汤下
一人之水谷不化,腹作雷鸣,自五月至六月不愈,诸医以并圣散子豆蔻丸,虽止一二日
,药力尽复作,戴至而笑曰∶经云∶春伤于风,夏必飧泄,有水谷直过而不化。又云∶水谷
不化,热气在下,久风入中,中者,脾胃也。风属甲乙,脾属戊己,甲乙虽克戊,肠中有风
,故鸣。经曰∶岁木太过,风气流行,脾土受邪,民病飧泄,诊两手脉皆浮数,为病在表也
。可汗,直断曰∶风随汗出。以火二盆,暗置床下,不令病患见,诒之入室,更服麻黄涌剂
,乃闭其户,从外锁之,汗出如洗,待一时开户减火,须臾而汗止,泄亦止,风非汗不出,
故宜汗之而愈。若脾虚泄泻,又不可以此类而论也。
夫病曰尸疰者,以其身为虫所蛀,虫蛀其尸,有蟊贼蚀物之害,是故名焉。然症与痨瘵
仿佛,惟递相传染,累世不绝,有伏连 等名,总曰传尸病也。溯所自来,盖有一
种鬼疰尸气,伏于人身,使人精气血液日耗,渐致阳盛阴亏,煎熬熏烁,血液结抟,渐而变
为怪异之虫,日蚀月蛀,脏腑消溃,蚀尽气绝则死,乾坤生意,已消磨尽矣。谓初世之虫
,形若人发马尾,再世则小者若蛔,大者若蛇,至于九世,则类人类鬼,其状不一,令人
可惊,始于熏陶渐染,旋踵至极,一死即一病,甚至灭门绝户者有之。自古惟葛氏之法最奇
,但以世久湮其证论,独存数方而已,观所立诸方,皆主参 者,盖有真知实见,以正
胜邪,犹良农治畦,滋之以粪,五谷浓盛,则HT 稗自灭矣。今观者,不知作者之意,遂
弃而勿用。何也?彼以参、 为峻补,以蒿甲为峻攻,殊无定见,三思反惑,或以归、地补
阴,或以芩、连降火,阴藉阳生之法,昧而不求,懵然无悟,若此之剂,阴何以生?虫何以
杀?徒溃其肠腹而已,更何益耶?由此之际,医与病家,鲜不袖观鼠首,彷手傍徨,以俟天
年者,良可悼哉!愚谓是症之法,但与痨瘵少异,必君以杀虫,臣以养正,佐以益水清金,
使以滋阴抑阳,则善矣。越于是法,岂其然乎。凡素有病此之家,则人人自当惊惕,毋酗酒
,毋恣欲,毋偏七情,谨禁六淫,保护元气,所谓本固则邦宁,邪何以入?其所以染者,皆
不知持满,以酒为浆,以妄为常,以欲丧其真,邪乘虚入,而后乃然。经曰∶邪之所凑,其
气必虚,正此谓耳,要之病既着体,则当以死为念,兢兢业业,绝诸欲,薄浓味,诸法亦当
早施,庶不贻祸。倘不守其戒,不珍其命,迨至传递诸脏,则真败邪胜,即葛君之神,复何
济耶?
五更时分发生的溏泄(大便稀薄),使用五味子二两,吴茱萸五钱,将这两味药炒香后研成粉末,每次用陈年米汤送服三钱。
水泻(腹泻如水样),使用神曲炒香六两,茴香五钱,生姜三两,共同研成粉末,用米糊制作成丸剂,每次服用五七十丸。
痰积引起的泄泻,使用海浮石、青黛、黄芩(用姜汁炒制)、神曲(干炒)制作成丸剂,每次服用三五十丸。
突发且持续不止的水泻,使用肉豆蔻三个,用面粉包裹后煨熟,研成细末,仅作为一次服用量,在进食前用陈年米汤送服。
脾胃受中风邪导致的温滑泻(大便稀薄滑利),使用川芎、神曲、炒白术、附子(浸泡后使用)各等分。
以上药物研成粉末,用曲糊制作成丸剂,用米汤送服。
有一人饮食不化,腹部发出雷鸣般的声响,从五月到六月久治不愈,各位医生使用并圣散子和豆蔻丸治疗,虽然症状停止了一两天,但药效过后病情又复发。戴元礼到来后笑着说:“《内经》说:春季伤于风邪,夏季必然发生飧泄(完谷不化的泄泻),这是因为水谷直接通过肠道而不能消化。又说:水谷不化,是因为热气在下,久风侵入体内,中焦指的是脾胃。风邪属于甲乙(木),脾脏属于戊己(土),甲乙虽克制戊己,但肠中有风邪,所以会鸣响。《内经》说:岁运木气太过,风气流行,脾土受到邪气侵害,百姓容易患飧泄病。诊察两手脉象都浮数,说明病位在表。可以采用发汗法,我直接判断说:风邪会随着汗液排出。于是放置两个火盆,暗中放在床下,不让病人看见,欺骗他进入室内,再次服用麻黄涌吐剂(此处指发汗峻剂),然后关闭房门,从外面锁上,病人出汗如洗,等待一个时辰后打开门减少火势,片刻之后汗止住,泄泻也随之停止。风邪非通过汗出不能排出,所以适宜用发汗法而痊愈。如果是脾虚引起的泄泻,就不可以按这种情况来论述了。”
所谓尸疰病,是因为身体被虫蛀蚀,虫蛀食尸体,有像害虫侵蚀物品一样的危害,因此得名。然而其症状与痨瘵(肺结核等慢性消耗性疾病)相似,只是具有传染性,代代相传不绝,有伏连等名称,总称为传尸病。追溯其来源,大概有一种鬼疰尸气,潜伏在人体内,使人精气血液日渐耗损,逐渐导致阳盛阴亏,煎熬熏灼,血液凝结,逐渐变成怪异的虫子,日蚀月蛀,脏腑消溃,蚀尽气绝则死亡,天地间的生机,已经消磨殆尽。说是初世的虫,形状像人的头发和马尾巴,二世时小的像蛔虫,大的像蛇,到了九世,则类似人形或鬼形,形状不一,令人惊恐,始于熏陶渐染,转瞬达到极致,一人死亡即引发一人患病,甚至导致灭门绝户的情况都有。自古以来只有葛氏的治疗方法最奇特,但因为年代久远,其证论已湮没,只存留几个方子而已。观察他所立的各个方子,都以人参为主药,这大概是有真知灼见,以正气战胜邪气,就像好农夫治理田畦,用粪肥滋养,五谷茂盛,那么稗草自然就会消灭。现在的读者,不了解作者的本意,于是丢弃而不使用。为什么呢?他们把人参、黄芪看作峻补之药,把蒿甲(可能指某些攻伐药物)看作峻攻之药,缺乏定见,反复思考反而困惑,有的人用当归、地黄滋补阴血,有的人用黄芩、黄连降火,不明白“阴借阳生”的道理,懵懂没有觉悟,像这样的药剂,阴血如何能生成?虫子如何能杀灭?只会溃烂肠腹罢了,又有什么益处呢?由此看来,医生和病患家属,很少有不袖手旁观、彷徨无措,只能听天由命的,真是令人悲哀啊!我认为这种病症的治疗方法,与痨瘵略有不同,必须以杀虫为君药,以扶正养身为臣药,以益水清金为佐药,以滋阴抑阳为使药,这样就很好了。违背了这个方法,难道能行得通吗?凡是素来患有此病的人家,每个人都应当惊惧警惕,不要酗酒,不要纵欲,不要偏激七情,谨慎禁止六淫(风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火),保护元气,这就是所谓的“本固则邦宁”,邪气怎么能够入侵?之所以被感染,都是因为不知道保养精气,把酒当作浆水喝,把妄动当作常态,因欲望丧失真元,邪气乘虚而入,然后才变成这样。《内经》说:邪气聚集的地方,正气必定虚弱,说的正是这个意思。总之,病既已附着身体,就应当做好死的准备,兢兢业业,断绝各种欲望,清淡饮食,各种治疗方法也应当尽早施行,或许不会留下祸患。如果不遵守这些戒律,不珍惜生命,等到疾病传递到其他脏腑,那么真气败坏邪气亢盛,即使是葛君那样的神医,又有什么帮助呢?
Diarrhea occurring at the fifth watch (early morning, around 3-5 AM) can be treated using two liang of Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi) and five qian of Evodiae Fructus (Wuzhuyu). These two herbs are stir-fried until fragrant, ground into powder, and three qian is taken each time with decoction of aged rice.
Watery diarrhea can be treated by taking six liang of Medicated Leaven (Shenqu) stir-fried until fragrant, five qian of Fennel Fruit (Huixiang), and three liang of Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang), grinding them into powder, making pills with rice paste, and taking fifty to seventy pills each time.
Diarrhea caused by phlegm accumulation can be treated by making pills from Pyritis (Haishi), Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) stir-fried with ginger juice, and Medicated Leaven (Shenqu) dry-stir-fried. Take thirty to fifty pills each time.
Sudden and unceasing watery diarrhea can be treated by taking three Nutmegs (Roudoukou), wrapped in flour and baked until cooked, ground into fine powder. This constitutes a single dose, taken before meals with decoction of aged rice.
Warm and slippery diarrhea due to wind-cold affecting the Spleen and Stomach can be treated using equal parts of Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Medicated Leaven (Shenqu), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) stir-fried, and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi) soaked.
The above ingredients are ground into powder, made into pills with malt glue, and taken with rice water.
A patient suffered from undigested food and borborygmus (rumbling in the abdomen) from May to June without cure. Various physicians used Bing Sheng San and Doukou Wan, which stopped symptoms for one or two days, but they recurred when the medicinal effect wore off. Dai Yuanli arrived and laughed, saying: "The Classic states: Injury by wind in spring leads to sunxi diarrhea (diarrhea with undigested food) in summer, where water and grain pass through directly without digestion. It also states: Undigested food indicates heat qi below; long-standing wind enters the interior, where 'interior' refers to the Spleen and Stomach. Wind belongs to Jia-Yi (Wood), while the Spleen belongs to Wu-Ji (Earth). Although Jia-Yi controls Wu-Ji, wind in the intestines causes rumbling. The Classic says: When Wood Qi is excessive in a year, wind qi spreads, and Spleen Earth is pathogenized, causing people to suffer from sunxi diarrhea. Palpating both wrists reveals floating and rapid pulses, indicating the disease is in the exterior. Sweating therapy should be used. I directly diagnosed that wind will exit with sweat. Two basins of fire were placed secretly under the bed so the patient could not see them. He was deceived into entering the room and given a Ma Huang emetic/purgative formula (here referring to a strong diaphoretic). The door was closed and locked from outside. The patient sweated profusely. After an hour, the door was opened and fire reduced. Soon, sweating stopped, and diarrhea ceased. Wind cannot exit without sweating, so sweating therapy is appropriate for recovery. If diarrhea is due to Spleen deficiency, it cannot be discussed in this manner."
The disease named 'Shizhu' (Corpse Tethering) is so called because the body is corroded by worms, which eat away at the corpse, causing harm like pests devouring objects. However, its symptoms resemble Laozai (consumption/tuberculosis), except that it is contagious, passing down generations without end, having names such as Fulian, collectively known as Chuanshen disease (Corpse Transmission Disease). Tracing its origin, there seems to be a type of ghostly tethering corpse qi that lies latent in the human body, causing daily depletion of essence, qi, and blood, gradually leading to excess Yang and deficiency of Yin, scorching and burning, condensing blood, and gradually transforming into strange worms. Day by day and month by month, they corrode and eat away, causing organs and viscera to decay and collapse. When corrosion is complete and qi is exhausted, death occurs, and the life-generating energy of Heaven and Earth is completely depleted. It is said that the worms of the first generation look like human hair or horse tails; those of the second generation are small like roundworms or large like snakes; by the ninth generation, they resemble humans or ghosts, with various shapes, startling to behold. Starting from gradual infection, it reaches extremity quickly. One death leads to one illness, and cases of wiping out entire families exist. Since ancient times, only Ge's methods have been considered most miraculous, but because their theoretical discussions have been lost over time, only a few formulas remain. Observing the formulas he established, they all prioritize Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen). This likely stems from true knowledge and insight, using righteous Qi to overcome evil, just as a good farmer fertilizes his fields; when grains grow lush, weeds naturally perish. Modern readers, not understanding the author's intent, discard these formulas without use. Why? They regard Renshen and Astragali Radix (Huangqi) as harsh tonics, and Haojia (likely referring to certain purgative herbs like Artemisiae Annuae Herba or similar) as harsh attackers. Lacking firm judgment, they hesitate. Some use Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Guizhi/Danggui - context implies Danggui) and Rehmanniae Radix (Dihuang) to nourish Yin, or Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) to descend fire. They fail to seek the principle of 'Yin generated via Yang', remaining ignorant and unawakened. With such prescriptions, how can Yin be generated? How can worms be killed? They merely ulcerate the intestines and abdomen, offering no benefit. Consequently, doctors and patients' families often stand by helplessly, wandering in confusion, waiting for natural lifespan, which is truly lamentable! I believe the treatment for this condition differs slightly from Laozai. It must employ anti-worm herbs as Sovereign (Jun), righteousness-nourishing herbs as Minister (Chen), Kidney-water-enriching and Lung-metal-clearing herbs as Assistant (Zuo), and Yin-nourishing and Yang-suppressing herbs as Envoy (Shi). This would be excellent. Deviating from this method, how could it work? Families predisposed to this disease should be vigilant. Avoid alcohol abuse, avoid lustful desires, avoid emotional extremes, strictly prevent Six Excesses (Wind, Cold, Summerheat, Dampness, Dryness, Fire), and protect Original Qi. As stated, 'If the root is solid, the state is peaceful'; how can pathogens enter? Infection occurs because people do not know how to maintain fullness, treating wine as water, recklessness as normal, losing true essence through desire, allowing pathogens to enter through deficiency. The Classic says: Wherever pathogenic qi gathers, healthy qi must be deficient. This is exactly what is meant. Ultimately, once the disease attaches to the body, one should prepare for death, act with caution, cut off all desires, eat bland food, and apply all treatments early, lest disaster ensue. If one does not keep these precepts or cherish life, and the disease spreads to other viscera, then Original Qi fails and Pathogenic Qi prevails. Even if Master Ge were alive, what help would he be?