石榴鱼子症,两样不须猜,鱼子一宗起,石榴四角来,俱为血气瘀,却即肺脾灾。能知镰割法,云汉渐昭回。
此症气轮一二处生浮肉一片,色浅红,内红颗丛萃,操之俨似小小铁砂,曰鱼子。其肉块圆长,或四、或六
四角生来,若榴子绽露于房,曰石榴。不割,亦复蔽满瞳神,视无见,经络、病因恍如前,就如前方、法主治,
徐瘥。又有细细红颗散生于风轮之上、白睛之内,不变能视,亦名鱼子。用月斧 净,在风轮、泻青丸,在白晴、
治金煎,然奏功綦难。兼拳毛、皮急及赤脉缠贯,久成残风,万万不能全愈。
风湿郁肝脾,荣凝卫不舒,粟疡胞内起,粒粒似金珠;睑急开张涩,头痛坐卧疲,椒疡红而硬,阳毒易为驱。
此症似疮非疹,细颗丛聚,生于左右上睑之内。色黄而软者,本经名粟疮;嫣红而坚者,名椒疮。形实邪盛
则疙瘩高低,连下睑亦蕃衍,碍睛沙涩,开闭多泪。盖风热蕴结而成。凡病颇重,旬余不罢,胞内势所必有,只
利刀间曰镰洗,照本症点服不辍,自尔渐渐稀疏。若二三颗如粟如椒,红根、黄顶,高平,不敢施刀,即施未必
净尽,且头目定肿痛,眵泪随拭随来。此湿热郁于土木,土木争胜故也。《瑶函》谓粟疮防病变,当指是。亟用
竹叶泻经汤、泻黄散或杞菊饮、防风散结汤交互递进,心清胃调,病徐兴矣。《经》曰∶久而增气,物化之常,
其斯之谓与。
傅氏《瑶函》,眼科之能事毕矣。然其人晓医而昧儒,亦恨事也。谨阅所烈证治,除根据古抄来,了无折衷外,
有理近而文法重复,牵强不达病情。有句妥而病药凿圆枘方, 不入。有必须刀针,全不道及,支离汤散,说
了又说。有既知无治,业已名言,一症一方, 分 。有自相矛盾,
有不相符合,有当言故讷、当详偏略,种种疵弊,指不胜屈。就据此条而论,彼分椒、粟二症,已可不必,其一
椒疮红坚易散,未若粟疮之黄软难散也;一谓粟疮黄软易散,未若椒疮红坚之难散也。如此背谬,誊录嫌渠手拙,
乃锓劂梨枣,岂以是书非病眼人不读,朦对瞽,固无恐。为之莞然者竟日。虽然,事贵先资,《瑶函》其可诋毁
乎哉。
石榴鱼子症,这两种病症不需要猜测。鱼子症起源于单一宗脉,石榴症则从四个角出现,它们都是由于血气瘀滞所致,进而导致肺脾受损。如果能掌握镰割法,病情就能像云开雾散一样逐渐好转。
这种病症在气轮(白睛)的一两处生出浮肉一片,颜色浅红,内部红色颗粒丛生聚集,触摸起来宛如小小的铁砂,称为“鱼子”。其肉块呈圆长状,或者有四角、六角的形状,生来就像石榴籽绽露在房中,称为“石榴”。如果不进行切割治疗,也会遮蔽瞳孔,导致视力丧失,经络和病因与前述相似,就按照前面的方剂和治疗方法主治,病情会慢慢痊愈。又有细细的红色颗粒散生于风轮(黑睛)之上、白睛之内,不影响视力,也叫做鱼子。用月斧清理干净,对于在风轮的用泻青丸,在白睛的用治金煎,然而奏效非常困难。如果兼有拳毛倒睫、眼皮紧绷以及赤脉缠绕贯穿,日久形成残风,万万不能全部治愈。
风湿郁结于肝脾,营血凝滞卫气不舒,粟疮在眼睑内兴起,一粒粒像金珠;眼皮紧绷睁眼涩痛,头痛坐卧疲惫,椒疮红肿而坚硬,阳毒容易驱除。
这种病症似疮非疹,细颗粒丛聚,生于左右上眼睑之内。颜色黄而软的,本经名为粟疮;嫣红而坚硬的,名为椒疮。形态实在邪气旺盛,则疙瘩高低不平,连下眼睑也繁衍生长,妨碍眼睛沙涩,开闭多泪。大概是由风热蕴结而成。凡是病情颇重,十几天不消退,眼睑内势必会有这种情况,只用利刀间隔清洗,按照本症点服药物不停歇,自然渐渐稀疏。如果只有二三颗像粟米像辣椒,红根黄顶,高平,不敢施刀,即使施刀也未必能干净清除,而且头目必定肿痛,眼屎眼泪随擦随出。这是湿热郁结于肝脾(土木),肝脾争胜的缘故。《瑶函》说粟疮要防止病变,应当指的就是这个。急需使用竹叶泻经汤、泻黄散或杞菊饮、防风散结汤交互递进服用,心神清静胃气调和,病就会慢慢好了。《内经》说:时间久了会增加某种气,这是事物变化的常理,说的就是这种情况吧。
傅氏的《瑶函》,眼科的能事已经完备了。然而他通晓医学却不懂儒家经典,也是令人遗憾的事。仔细审阅他所列举的证治,除了根据古书抄录来的,没有折衷判断之外,有的道理近但文法重复,牵强不通达病情。有的句子妥当但病药配合格格不入。有的必须用刀针,完全没提及,支离破碎地谈论汤剂散剂,说了又说。有的既然知道无治之法,已经明确说出,一症一方,划分不清。有的自相矛盾,有的不相符合,有的该说却笨拙,该详细却偏略,种种弊端,指不胜屈。就据此条而论,他将椒疮、粟疮分为两种病症,其实大可不必,一种说法是椒疮红坚易散,不如粟疮黄软难散;另一种说法是粟疮黄软易散,不如椒疮红坚难散。如此背谬,抄录者嫌弃他手拙,竟然刻印出版,难道以为这本书不是眼病患者就读不懂吗?盲人对着瞎子,本来就不必担心。为此让人整天莞尔一笑。虽然如此,做事贵在事先借鉴,《瑶函》难道是能被诋毁的吗?
Shili Yuzi Syndrome (Pomegranate and Fish Roe Syndrome), these two conditions need not be guessed. The "Fish Roe" type originates from a single meridian, while the "Pomegranate" type arises from four corners. Both are caused by blood and qi stasis, subsequently leading to disaster in the Lung and Spleen. If one knows the scissor-cutting method, the condition will gradually clear up like the clouds parting to reveal the Milky Way.
This syndrome manifests as a patch of floating flesh appearing in one or two areas of the Qi Wheel (Sclera/White of the Eye). Its color is light red, with clusters of red granules inside. When manipulated, it feels exactly like tiny iron sand; this is called "Fish Roe." The flesh mass is round and elongated, possessing either four or six corners. It appears as if pomegranate seeds are exposed within a chamber; this is called "Pomegranate." If not cut, it will also cover the pupil completely, resulting in blindness. The meridians and etiology are similar to those mentioned previously; treating it according to the preceding formulas and methods will lead to gradual recovery. There are also fine red granules scattered on the Wind Wheel (Cornea) and within the white sclera, which do not affect vision and are also named "Fish Roe." Clean them using a Moon Axe. For lesions on the Wind Wheel, use Xie Qing Wan (Drain Green Pill); for those on the white sclera, use Zhi Jin Jian (Treat Metal Decoction). However, achieving efficacy is extremely difficult. If accompanied by trichiasis (inverted eyelashes), tight skin, and red vessels winding through, it may eventually become residual wind disease, which absolutely cannot be fully cured.
Wind-dampness stagnates in the Liver and Spleen; Ying (Nutritive) blood coagulates while Wei (Defensive) qi fails to circulate smoothly. Granular sores arise within the eyelids, each grain resembling a golden pearl. Eyelid tension causes涩 (stiffness) when opening the eyes; headache makes sitting and lying down exhausting. Jiao Chuang (Pepper Sores) are red and hard, making Yang Toxin easier to expel.
This condition resembles a sore rather than a rash, with fine grains clustered together, arising within the inner aspects of the left and right upper eyelids. Those that are yellow and soft are named Su Chuang (Millet Sores) in this classic; those that are bright red and hard are named Jiao Chuang (Pepper Sores). When the physical form is substantial and pathogenic factors are vigorous, the nodules vary in height, spreading even to the lower eyelid, causing visual obstruction, a sandy sensation, and excessive tearing upon blinking. Generally, this results from the accumulation and knotting of Wind-Heat. The disease is quite severe; if it persists for more than ten days, such manifestations in the eyelids are inevitable. Using a sharp blade for interval cleaning, combined with continuous oral medication tailored to this syndrome, will gradually reduce their density. If there are only two or three grains resembling millet or pepper, with red roots and yellow tops, flat or slightly raised, one dare not use a knife. Even if used, they may not be removed completely, and head and eye swelling and pain will definitely occur, with discharge and tears returning immediately after wiping. This is due to Damp-Heat stagnating in the Wood and Earth organs (Liver and Spleen), where they contend against each other. *Yaohan* states that one must prevent transformation of Millet Sores, referring to this situation. One should urgently use Zhuye Xiejing Tang (Bamboo Leaf Decoction to Drain the Meridian), Xie Huang San (Drain Yellow Powder), or Qiju Yin (Lycium and Chrysanthemum Drink), and Fangfeng Sanjie Tang (Saposhnikovia Decoction to Dissipate Knots) in alternating succession. With a clear mind and harmonized Stomach Qi, the illness will slowly subside. The *Classic* says: "Over time, [a factor] increases its qi; this is the normal transformation of things." This is precisely what is meant.
Fu Shi's *Yaohan* has exhausted the capabilities of Ophthalmology. However, he was knowledgeable in medicine but ignorant of Confucianism, which is regrettable. Carefully reviewing his listed syndromes and treatments, apart from those copied from ancient texts without critical judgment, some theories are close to truth but repetitive in style, forced and failing to convey the pathology accurately. Some sentences are appropriate, but the match between disease and medicine is rigid and incompatible. Some cases require needle and knife techniques, yet none are mentioned; instead, fragmented discussions on decoctions and powders are repeated endlessly. Some acknowledge incurability and state it clearly, yet divide one syndrome into one formula ambiguously. Others are self-contradictory or inconsistent. Some are taciturn when they should speak, or omit details when they should elaborate. Such flaws are too numerous to count. Taking this specific entry as an example, his division of Pepper Sores and Millet Sores into two distinct categories is unnecessary. One view claims Pepper Sores (red and hard) are easy to dissipate, unlike Millet Sores (yellow and soft) which are hard to dissipate; another view claims Millet Sores (yellow and soft) are easy to dissipate, unlike Pepper Sores (red and hard) which are hard to dissipate. Such contradictions make one suspect the scribe blamed the author's clumsiness. Yet, it was carved and published. Did he think this book would not be read by those without eye diseases? Blind people lecturing to the blind, naturally without fear. This makes one smile all day long. Nevertheless, learning requires prior resources; can *Yaohan* really be disparaged?