妊娠年及中衰,胎元无力,则常有胎不能长及多小产,昏晕之患,此气血衰败而然。血气既衰,则凡小
产之后,往往有胎既落,而复又下坠。如更有一胎欲产者,此非胎也,乃因气血虚,而胞宫随胎下陷也。妊娠
不知,必至惊慌,抑知此无足虑。但以寿脾煎加升麻五分,或八珍汤(方见前胎虚不安条中),或十全大补汤
(方见前胎虚不安条中),或芎归补血汤(方见上半产条中)治之,则自安矣。
寿脾煎
白术(蜜炙,二三钱) 当归 山药(各二钱) 炙甘草(一
钱) 酸枣仁(一钱五分) 远志(制,三五分) 干姜(炮,一二钱) 莲肉(去心、炒,二十粒) 人参
(随宜二三钱,急则用一两) 加升麻(炒,五分)
水煎服。
妇人受胎在腹,七日一变,展转相成,各有相生。今妇人堕胎在三五七月者多,在二四六月者少。脏阴而
腑阳,三月属心,五月属脾,七月属肺,当在五脏之脉,阴常易亏。故多堕耳。此其可知者也。唯一月堕胎,
人皆不知有胎。但谓不孕,不知其已受孕而堕也。一月属肝,怒则堕。多洗下体,则窍开亦堕。既堕一次,则
肝脉受伤,他次亦必如期而堕。今之无子者,大半是一月暗堕,非尽不孕也。故凡初交之后,最宜将息,切
勿交接以扰子宫。勿怒勿劳、勿举动、勿洗浴,而又常服养血顺气之药(方见下文妊娠至宝条中审证选用可也),
胎可保矣。
如果孕妇年事已高或身体机能衰退,胎元(胎儿的生命根基)力量不足,就常常会出现胎儿无法长大以及多次小产、昏晕的隐患,这是由气血衰败所导致的。既然血气已经衰弱,那么在每次小产之后,往往会出现胎儿虽然已经脱落,但胞宫(子宫)却随之向下坠落的状况。如果此时又有一胎即将分娩的迹象,这并非真正的胎儿,而是因为气血虚弱,导致胞宫随着之前的胎元一起下陷。孕妇若不知晓此理,必定会惊慌失措,但其实不必过分担忧。只需使用寿脾煎加入五分升麻,或者使用八珍汤(方剂见前文“胎虚不安”条中),或者十全大补汤(方剂见前文“胎虚不安”条中),或者芎归补血汤(方剂见上半产条中)进行治疗,胎儿自然就能安稳了。
寿脾煎
白术(用蜜炙,用量二三钱) 当归 山药(各二钱) 炙甘草(一钱) 酸枣仁(一钱五分) 远志(炮制过,三至五分) 干姜(炮制,一至二钱) 莲肉(去心、炒制,二十粒) 人参(根据情况用二三钱,紧急时用一两) 加升麻(炒制,五分)
用水煎服。
妇女受孕在腹部,每七天发生一次变化,辗转相生,各有其规律。如今妇女在小产时,发生在第三、五、七个月的较多,发生在第二、四、六个月的较少。脏属阴而腑属阳,怀孕三个月时对应心脏,五个月对应脾脏,七个月对应肺脏,这些都属于五脏的脉象,阴气容易亏损。所以容易发生小产。这是可以知晓的道理。唯独怀孕一个月时的小产,人们都不知道已经有胎。只以为是不孕症,不知道其实是已经受孕而后流产。怀孕一个月时对应肝脏,发怒会导致流产。经常清洗下身,则窍穴开放也会导致流产。一旦发生过一次流产,肝脉就会受伤,以后每次也必然会如期流产。现在没有子女的人,大半是因为在第一个月发生了暗产(隐性流产),并不完全是因为不孕。所以凡是初次同房之后,最适宜静养休息,切勿进行房事以扰动子宫。不要发怒、不要劳累、不要剧烈活动、不要洗浴,并且常服用养血顺气的药物(方剂见下文“妊娠至宝”条中,可根据证候选用),胎儿就可以保住了。
If the woman is of advanced age or her physiological functions are declining, the fetal root (the life foundation of the fetus) lacks strength, leading to frequent instances where the fetus fails to grow and multiple spontaneous abortions (miscarriages) accompanied by fainting. This is caused by the decline and failure of Qi and Blood. Once Qi and Blood are weakened, after each miscarriage, it often happens that although the fetus has been expelled, the uterus descends along with it. If there appears to be another impending delivery, this is not a new fetus, but rather the uterus sinking down due to Qi and Blood deficiency following the previous expulsion. If the pregnant woman is unaware of this, she will inevitably panic, yet there is no need for excessive worry. Treatment with Shoupi Decoction (Longevity Spleen Decoction) added with five fen of Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), or Bazhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) (see formula in the preceding "Fetal Instability due to Deficiency" section), or Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Complete Tonifying Decoction) (see formula in the preceding "Fetal Instability due to Deficiency" section), or Xionggui Buxue Tang (Cnidium and Angelica Blood-Nourishing Decoction) (see formula in the "Half-Abortion" section above), will naturally stabilize the condition.
Shoupi Decoction (Longevity Spleen Decoction)
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, honey-fried, 2–3 qian) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, each 2 qian) Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-roasted, 1 qian) Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, 1.5 qian) Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix, processed, 3–5 fen) Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, roasted, 1–2 qian) Lianrou (Nelumbinis Nucillus, dehearted and fried, 20 grains) Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 2–3 qian as appropriate, 1 liang in emergencies) Add Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, fried, 5 fen).
Decoct in water and take orally.
Conception occurs in the abdomen, changing every seven days, progressing through stages, each generating the next. Currently, women experience miscarriages more frequently in the third, fifth, and seventh months, and less frequently in the second, fourth, and sixth months. Zang organs are Yin and Fu organs are Yang. The third month corresponds to the Heart, the fifth to the Spleen, and the seventh to the Lung; these belong to the pulse patterns of the Five Zang organs, where Yin is prone to deficiency. Hence, miscarriages are common. This is understandable. However, miscarriage in the first month is often unknown to people. They assume infertility, unaware that conception occurred followed by abortion. The first month corresponds to the Liver; anger can cause miscarriage. Frequent washing of the lower body opens the orifices, which can also lead to miscarriage. After one miscarriage, the Liver pulse is injured, and subsequent miscarriages will likely occur at the same stage each time. Many childless individuals today have suffered from hidden miscarriages (silent abortions) in the first month, rather than true infertility. Therefore, after initial intercourse, utmost rest is essential. Coitus should be avoided to prevent disturbing the uterus. Avoid anger, fatigue, strenuous movement, and bathing. Regularly administer herbs that nourish Blood and regulate Qi smoothly (see formulas in the following "Pregnancy Precious Treasure" section, select according to syndrome differentiation), and the fetus can be preserved.