两腋下并手足心，阴股及囊，常有汗湿污衣，故名。
主方 枸杞根 蔷薇根 甘草（各一两） 商陆 铅粉 滑石（各五钱） 上为细末，醋
少许和，频涂诸处，愈为度。
简便方 木馒头（生墙头） 煎汤洗各处，再以密陀僧研敷。
瘴出闽广岭南，山岚致湿，金石生水，雾多风少，郁蒸为热。冬不甚寒，腠开汗出；夏月连
雨，伏
暑冷侵。寒热不齐，阴阳相搏，迁客羁士，饮食乖常，崎岖劳损气虚。感受轻者，恶寒战栗类疟
，谓之冷瘴。重者，蕴热昏沉，如卧灰火中，谓之热瘴。其最重者，得病便失音，谓之哑瘴。有
归路复感，谓之回头瘴，相类伤寒，但不宜大汗吐下，可根据伤寒法治。有发黄者，根据伤寒发黄治
。俗云∶莫饮卯时酒，莫食申时饭。又云∶瘴染劳力体虚人，饮酒勿多，饱食却无事。患愈七日
洗面，二七梳头，三七酒腥绝、戒房室，治法悉备万病玉枢丹（方见蛊毒）。初觉，水磨汤服；
或频咬咽，并苏合香丸（方见中寒）若畏寒，饮热酒、姜汤、滚水。冷瘴，正气散；暑月，六和
汤；热瘴、哑瘴草子法；身热头痛，和解散。有先受冷而病，后变身热烦渴，虽思水而不能入口
，仍宜附子汤，生煎冷服（类阴证似阳。）烦甚加竹茹；渴甚加人参、五味
子；呃加丁香、淡竹叶；烦渴大作，竹叶石膏汤减石膏，加熟附子，或冷汤；足冷、头额虚汗，姜
附汤并灸气海（脐下二寸。）若非上热下冷，未可用附子之类预服。及初感，用主方，次和解散
。若有伤寒头痛发热证，即服羌活冲和汤。如寒热往来，且与小柴胡汤。辨认的确属寒，方服附
子等热药。欲散血，黑神散（方见产后。）
主方 （预服不染） 半夏（制，一钱） 陈皮 浓朴（姜炒） 茯苓（各七分） 枳壳
人参（感病禁用） 砂仁（研。各五分） 甘草（三分）加生姜三片，枣二枚，水煎服。
和解散 瘴初作，胸满头弦发热，及中风感寒，诸病皆效。
苍术（制，六两） 浓朴 陈皮 甘草（各四两） 本 桔梗（各三两）
上咀，每服五钱，姜三、枣二，水煎。日再服，夜一服。
生姜附子汤 冷瘴。手足冷，内虚发热，痰呕吐逆，头疼身痛。
附子（一枚，制熟） 分四服。每服加生姜十片，水一钟，煎六分温服。
干姜附子汤 瘴毒阴候发热，或烦躁肢冷，舌苔引饮，附子配干姜。
附子汤 瘴疟。寒振热微，面色青白，食少，手足冷，大小便清利。
附子（一枚，根据前制药法制） 草果仁（二十粒）
分四服。加生姜水煎。非寒甚勿用。
夺命散 伤寒，瘴证，阴阳不明，或误投药致病重烦渴。妇人胎产感瘴。
人参（七钱） 水二钟，煎一钟去渣，连罐沉新汲水，取冷，一服完。
六和汤 广南夏月瘴疾，冷热未分，烦躁口渴（方见霍乱）。
椒囊法 辟瘴气、风寒、时疫，绛纱囊两许，佩身内衣，诸邪不侵。
降椒酒 降香（二两，锉） 川椒（一两，去闭口者） 绢囊贮，无灰酒二斗中浸饮。辟瘴
气。
槟榔煎 治瘴气寒热，呕吐腹满。
槟榔 苍术 浓朴 陈皮 草果（各五分） 甘草（一寸） 生姜（一块，湿纸包，煨，捣
）。
加枣二枚，水煎服。寒热作疟，四兽饮；小便短赤，五苓散。
冷汤 人参（一钱） 大附子（一钱） 炙草（三寸） 淡竹叶（十四片）枣五枚，水煎
服。
哑瘴 铜青（五钱） 石绿（三钱） 研末水调，生面糊丸芡实大，每服一丸，汲水化服
。
草子法 饮酒太过、多食煎炒腥膻，热毒感瘴，热甚，昼夜不安，迟三日血凝不救。用针
刺头额及上下唇，仍以楮叶擦舌，皆令出血；次以草药解其内热即愈。南方有土人专刺者。
不换金正气散 （方见伤寒） 一切岚瘴，伤寒头痛，风湿诸疟，吐泻霍乱，膈胀腹疼，
吞酸痰饮，不伏水土，胎前产后（加草果佳），预研末常服。
羌活冲和汤 小柴胡汤（并见伤寒） 五苓散（方见便癃） 四兽饮（方见疟门。）
两腋下以及手足心、大腿内侧及阴囊，经常有汗液浸湿衣物，因此得名。
主方：枸杞根、蔷薇根、甘草（各一两），商陆、铅粉、滑石（各五钱）。将上述药材研成细末，用少许醋调和，频繁涂抹于患处，直至痊愈为止。
简便方：木馒头（生长在墙头的）煎汤清洗患处，再用密陀僧研磨后敷贴。
瘴气产生于福建、广东及岭南地区，山间雾气导致湿气重，金石凝结生水，雾多风少，郁结蒸腾化为热邪。冬季不太寒冷，腠理开泄而汗出；夏季连绵阴雨，伏暑与寒邪侵袭。寒热不均，阴阳相互搏结，流落异乡的旅客和士人，饮食失常，路途崎岖劳累损伤正气导致气虚。感受较轻的，表现为恶寒战栗类似疟疾，称为冷瘴。严重的，蕴积热邪导致神志昏沉，如同躺在灰烬火堆中，称为热瘴。最严重的，患病后立即失音，称为哑瘴。有归途再次感邪的，称为回头瘴，症状类似伤寒，但不宜使用大汗、催吐或泻下的方法，可根据治疗伤寒的方法处理。有出现发黄的，根据治疗伤寒发黄的方法处理。俗语说：不要喝卯时（早晨5-7点）的酒，不要吃申时（下午3-5点）的饭。又说：瘴气容易感染劳力过度且体质虚弱的人，饮酒不要过多，吃饱了反而没事。患病痊愈七天后洗脸，十四天后梳头，二十一天内禁止饮酒吃腥膻食物并戒除房事，治疗方法全部备录在万病玉枢丹（方剂见蛊毒章节）。刚感觉不适时，用水磨化开后服用；或者频繁咬碎咽下，并配合苏合香丸（方剂见中寒章节）。如果畏寒，饮用热酒、姜汤或滚水。冷瘴，使用正气散；暑月季节，使用六和汤；热瘴、哑瘴使用草子法；身体发热头痛，使用和解散。有先受冷邪致病，后来转变为身体发热烦躁口渴，虽然想喝水但不能入口的，仍适宜使用附子汤，生煎后冷服（类似阴证似阳的表现）。烦躁严重加竹茹；口渴严重加人参、五味子；呃逆加丁香、淡竹叶；烦躁口渴大作，使用竹叶石膏汤减去石膏，加熟附子，或用冷汤送服；脚冷、头额出虚汗，使用姜附汤并灸气海穴（脐下二寸）。如果不是上热下冷的情况，不可预先服用附子之类的药物。等到初次感受邪气时，使用主方，其次使用和解散。如果有伤寒头痛发热的症状，就服用羌活冲和汤。如果寒热往来，暂且给予小柴胡汤。辨认确实属于寒证，才服用附子等热药。想要散血，使用黑神散（方剂见产后章节）。
主方（预防服用以免感染）：半夏（制，一钱），陈皮、浓朴（姜炒）、茯苓（各七分），枳壳、人参（感病禁用）、砂仁（研，各五分），甘草（三分）。加生姜三片，大枣二枚，水煎服。
和解散：瘴气初起，胸满头晕头发紧发热，以及中风感寒，各种疾病都有效。
苍术（制，六两），浓朴、陈皮、甘草（各四两），藁本、桔梗（各三两）。
切碎，每次服用五钱，加生姜三片、大枣二枚，水煎。每天服两次，晚上服一次。
生姜附子汤：治疗冷瘴。手足冰冷，体内虚热，痰多呕吐逆气，头疼身痛。
附子（一枚，制熟），分四次服用。每服加生姜十片，水一钟，煎至六分温服。
干姜附子汤：治疗瘴毒阴候发热，或烦躁肢冷，舌苔干燥引饮，附子配干姜。
附子汤：治疗瘴疟。寒战轻微，面色青白，食量减少，手足冷，大小便清利。
附子（一枚，根据前文制药法制），草果仁（二十粒）。
分四次服用。加生姜水煎。非寒邪极重者勿用。
夺命散：治疗伤寒、瘴证，阴阳不明，或误投药物导致病情加重烦躁口渴。妇人胎产期间感瘴。
人参（七钱），水二钟，煎至一钟去渣，连罐放入新汲水中冷却，取冷药液，一次服完。
六和汤：广南地区夏季瘴疾，冷热未分，烦躁口渴（方剂见霍乱章节）。
椒囊法：辟除瘴气、风寒、时疫，用绛纱做两个许重的香囊，佩戴在内衣上，诸邪不侵。
降椒酒：降香（二两，锉碎），川椒（一两，去掉闭口的），装入绢囊，在无灰酒二斗中浸泡后饮用。辟除瘴气。
槟榔煎：治疗瘴气寒热，呕吐腹满。
槟榔、苍术、浓朴、陈皮、草果（各五分），甘草（一寸），生姜（一块，湿纸包裹煨熟捣烂）。
加大枣二枚，水煎服。寒热发作如疟疾，用四兽饮；小便短赤，用五苓散。
冷汤：人参（一钱），大附子（一钱），炙甘草（三寸），淡竹叶（十四片），大枣五枚，水煎服。
哑瘴：铜青（五钱），石绿（三钱），研成末用水调匀，用生面糊做成芡实大小的丸药，每次服用一丸，用井水化开服用。
草子法：饮酒太过、多吃煎炒腥膻食物，热毒感瘴，热势严重，昼夜不安，拖延三日血液凝滞无法救治。用针刺头额及上下唇，仍以楮叶擦拭舌头，令其出血；其次用草药解除内热即可痊愈。南方有当地人专门进行此刺法。
不换金正气散（方剂见伤寒章节）：一切岚瘴，伤寒头痛，风湿各类疟疾，吐泻霍乱，胸膈胀满腹痛，吞酸痰饮，不服水土，产前产后（加草果佳），预先研成末常服。
The armpits, palms and soles of the hands and feet, inner thighs, and scrotum often have sweat that stains clothes, hence the name.
Main Formula: Gouqigen (Root of Lycii), Qiangweigen (Root of Rosae Rugosae), Gancao (Licorice Root) (each 1 liang); Shanglu (Radix Phytolaccae), Qianfen (Lead Carbonate), Huashi (Talcum) (each 5 qian). Grind the above herbs into a fine powder, mix with a small amount of vinegar, and apply frequently to all affected areas until healed.
Simple Prescription: Mutoutou (Ficus hirta growing on walls) decocted in water to wash the affected areas, followed by application of Mituosen (Litharge) ground into powder.
Zhangqi (Miasma) arises in Fujian, Guangdong, and the Lingnan region. Mountain mists cause dampness; minerals and stones generate water; there is much fog and little wind, leading to stagnation and steaming heat. Winters are not very cold, causing pores to open and sweat to flow; summer months feature continuous rain, where latent summerheat and cold invade. Cold and heat are uneven, and yin and yang contend. Travelers and scholars stranded away from home suffer from irregular diet and physical exhaustion due to rough journeys, damaging qi and causing deficiency. Those with mild exposure experience aversion to cold and shivering resembling malaria, called Lengzhang (Cold Miasma). Severe cases involve accumulated heat causing mental confusion and lethargy, as if lying in hot ashes, called Rezhang (Hot Miasma). The most severe cases result in immediate loss of voice upon illness onset, called Yazhang (Mute Miasma). Recurrence during the journey home is called Huitouzhang (Return Miasma); symptoms resemble Shanghan (Cold Damage), but profuse sweating, emesis, or purgation are contraindicated. Treatment can follow Shanghan methods. Jaundice should be treated according to Shanghan jaundice protocols. Folk wisdom states: "Do not drink wine at Mao hour (5-7 AM), do not eat rice at Shen hour (3-5 PM)." It is also said: "Miasma infects those who labor excessively and have weak constitutions; excessive drinking is harmful, but eating well prevents issues." After recovery, wash the face after seven days, comb hair after fourteen days, and for twenty-one days abstain from alcohol, pungent/fishy foods, and sexual activity. All treatment methods are detailed under Wanbing Yushu Dan (Universal Medicine Jade Pivot Pill, see Gu Du chapter). At the first sign of discomfort, take it dissolved in water; or chew and swallow frequently, combined with Suhe Xiang Wan (Styrax Pill, see Zhong Han chapter). If feeling cold, drink hot wine, ginger soup, or boiling water. For Lengzhang (Cold Miasma), use Zhengqi San; in summer months, use Liuhe Tang; for Rezhang (Hot Miasma) and Yazhang (Mute Miasma), use Caozi Fa (Grass Seed Method); for body heat and headache, use Hejie San. If initially exposed to cold transforming into fever, irritability, and thirst, yet unable to swallow water, Fuzi Tang (Aconite Decoction) is still appropriate, decocted raw and taken cold (resembling Yin syndrome presenting as Yang). For severe irritability, add Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam); for severe thirst, add Renshen (Ginseng Radix) and Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus); for hiccup, add Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos) and Danzhuye (Lophatheri Herba); for severe irritability and thirst, use Zhuye Shigao Tang (Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) minus Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), plus Shufuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix), or take with cold water; for cold feet and deficient sweating on the head/forehead, use Jiangfu Tang (Ginger and Aconite Decoction) and moxa Qihai (CV6, 2 cun below umbilicus). Do not pre-administer Fuzi (Aconite) unless there is upper heat and lower cold. Upon initial exposure, use the Main Formula, then Hejie San. If Shanghan headache and fever occur, take Qianghuo Chonghe Tang. If chills and fever alternate, give Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) temporarily. Only administer Fuzi (Aconite) and other hot medicines after confirming cold syndrome. To dissipate blood stasis, use Heishen San (Black Divine Pill, see Chan Hou chapter).
Main Formula (for prevention): Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, processed, 1 qian), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Nongpu (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, stir-fried with ginger), Fuling (Poria) (each 7 fen), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus), Renshen (Ginseng Radix - contraindicated when sick), Sharen (Amomi Fructus Rotundus, ground) (each 5 fen), Gancao (Licorice Root, 3 fen). Add three slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and two Jujubes (Jujubae Fructus), decoct in water and take orally.
Hejie San (Harmonizing Powder): Effective for early-stage Zhangqi with chest fullness, dizziness, tightness of hair/scalp, fever, as well as Fengzhong (Wind Strike) and cold invasion.
Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, processed, 6 liang), Nongpu (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Gancao (Licorice Root) (each 4 liang), Bencao (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) (each 3 liang).
Chop coarsely. Take 5 qian per dose, with three slices of ginger and two jujubes, decoct in water. Take twice daily, once at night.
Shengjiang Fuzi Tang (Ginger and Aconite Decoction): Treats Lengzhang (Cold Miasma). Symptoms include cold hands and feet, internal deficiency heat, phlegm, vomiting, counterflow qi, headache, and body pain.
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, one piece, cooked), divided into four doses. Each dose adds ten slices of ginger, one zhong of water, decoct to six parts, take warm.
Ganjiang Fuzi Tang (Dried Ginger and Aconite Decoction): Treats Zhangdu (Miasma toxin) yin-pattern fever, or irritability with cold limbs, dry tongue coating with desire to drink. Fuzi paired with Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma).
Fuzi Tang (Aconite Decoction): Treats Zhangnie (Miasma Malaria). Symptoms include slight chills, faint fever, blue-white complexion, poor appetite, cold hands and feet, clear urination and stool.
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, one piece, prepared per previous method), Caoguoren (Tsaoko Fructus seed, 20 grains).
Divided into four doses. Decoct with ginger and water. Do not use unless cold is severe.
Duoming San (Life-Restoring Powder): Treats Shanghan (Cold Damage), Zhangzheng (Miasma Syndrome), unclear yin/yang differentiation, or aggravated irritability/thirst due to misprescribed medication. Also for women contracting miasma during pregnancy or postpartum.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 7 qian). Decoct in two zhongs of water to one zhong, strain. Submerge the pot in fresh well water to cool. Take the cold liquid in one dose.
Liuhe Tang (Six Harmonies Decoction): Treats summer miasma in Southern Guangxi, where cold and heat are indistinguishable, with irritability and thirst (see Huoluan chapter).
Jiaonang Fa (Pepper Pouch Method): Ward off Zhangqi (Miasma), wind-cold, and seasonal epidemics. Wear two xu-weight crimson gauze pouches filled with pepper inside inner clothing to repel evil influences.
Jiangjiao Jiu (Agarwood and Pepper Wine): Agarwood (Xiangla, 2 liang, chopped), Sichuan Pepper (Chuanjiao, 1 liang, remove closed-mouth peppers). Store in silk pouch, soak in two dou of non-ash wine, and drink. Ward off miasma.
Binglang Jian (Betel Nut Decoction): Treats miasma chills and fever, vomiting, and abdominal fullness.
Binglang (Arecae Semen), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Nongpu (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Caoguo (Tsaoko Fructus) (each 5 fen), Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 cun), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, one piece, wrapped in wet paper and roasted, mashed).
Add two jujubes, decoct in water and take. For chills/fever resembling malaria, use Sishou Yin; for scanty dark urine, use Wuling San.
Lengtang (Cold Soup): Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 1 qian), Dafuzi (Large Prepared Aconite, 1 qian), Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root, 3 cun), Danzhuye (Lophatheri Herba, 14 leaves), five jujubes. Decoct in water and take.
Yazhang (Mute Miasma): Tongqing (Chalcanthite, 5 qian), Shilu (Malachite, 3 qian). Grind to powder, mix with water, bind with raw wheat paste into pills the size of Euryale Seed. Take one pill per dose, dissolve in well water.
Caozi Fa (Grass Seed Method): For excessive alcohol intake, consumption of fried/pungent/fishy foods, heat-toxin contracting miasma, severe heat, restlessness day and night. Delaying three days leads to blood coagulation and untreatable condition. Use acupuncture on forehead and upper/lower lips; rub tongue with Cecropia leaf to induce bleeding. Then use herbal medicine to resolve internal heat for cure. Locals in the South specialize in this puncturing method.
Buhuanjin Zhengqi San (Unchanging Golden Upright Qi Powder) (see Shanghan chapter): For all mountain miasma, Shanghan headache, wind-damp malaria, vomiting/diarrhea/Huoluan, chest/abdominal distension and pain, acid regurgitation/phlegm-fluid, maladaptation to local environment, pre/post-natal conditions (add Caoguo for best effect). Pre-grind into powder for regular preventive use.
Qianghuo Chonghe Tang (Notopterygium Harmonizing Decoction) (see Shanghan chapter) | Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) (see Shanghan chapter) | Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder) (see Bian Long chapter) | Sishou Yin (Four Beast Drink) (see Malaria Chapter)