经曰∶肝虚、肾虚、脾虚，皆令体重烦冤，由气血不能克畅，四肢沉重，食后昏闷，治宜补脾、益肾、理元气。
主方 黄 （二钱） 人参 甘草（炙） 陈皮 青皮（各五分） 当归 黄柏（酒炒）
升麻 柴胡（各三分） 神曲（七分）上水煎，加灯心。
经曰∶诸涩枯涸、干劲揭皴，皆属于燥。若皮肤裂屑，干疥爪枯之类，为燥病之表证。大便秘
结，消渴引饮之类，为燥病之里证。脉芤而虚，宜滋阴养血；脉涩而弱，宜益肾壮水。更察表里缓
急分治，如脉浮而弦，乃风胜其湿润，兼治风。脉洪而数，乃火 其津液，兼治火。临证详审。
主方 黄芩 黄 （各一钱） 天门冬 麦门冬（各一钱五分） 当归（三钱） 生地
熟地（各二钱） 蒌仁 桃仁（各五分） 五味子（九粒） 红花（酒炒） 升麻（各二分）水煎服。
大便燥加麻仁、郁李仁、杏仁；不通加酒煮大黄。
润肠丸 治脾胃伏火，大便秘涩，全不思食，宜润燥、和血、疏风。
麻仁 郁李仁 桃仁（各一两） 大黄（酒煮） 当归尾 羌活 防风 秦艽 山药（各五钱
）皂荚仁 枳壳 槟榔（各三钱）
上为末，炼蜜和丸桐子大，每服三十丸，空心白汤送下。
琼脂膏 治血虚、皮肤枯燥，消渴等证。
鲜地黄（十斤，洗净，捣，绞清汁） 鹿肉胶 真酥油 白蜜（各半斤） 生姜（真汁一两）
上以砂锅慢火熬地黄汁，减三之一，下胶、油、蜜、姜，煎如饴，倾瓷器中，坐水内一日夜，
每服数匙，温酒或汤送，频服。
简便方 便秘。
猪油（熬） 白蜜 红枣（煮取肉。各四两）上研匀，任服。
又方 治血燥。
四物汤 （方见妇科） 桃仁（捣） 大黄（等分）
上为末，蜜丸如桐子大，每服三十丸，白汤送下。
又方 诸燥。
山药（为末） 杏仁（捣细。各一斤） 牛乳（二斤）共入瓷瓶包固，重汤煮，一日任服。
《黄帝内经》说：肝虚、肾虚、脾虚，都会导致身体沉重、心中烦闷郁结，这是因为气血运行不畅，四肢感到沉重，进食后出现昏沉困倦的症状，治疗应当以补益脾气、滋补肾精、调理元气为主。
主方：黄芪（二钱）、人参、炙甘草、陈皮、青皮（各五分）、当归、酒炒黄柏、升麻、柴胡（各三分）、神曲（七分）。以上药材加水煎煮，加入灯心草同煎。
《黄帝内经》说：各种干涩、枯槁、皮肤干燥起皱皲裂的现象，都属于燥证。如果表现为皮肤开裂脱屑、干疥、指甲干枯等，属于燥病的表证；如果表现为大便秘结、消渴多饮等，属于燥病的里证。脉象芤而虚的，适宜滋阴养血；脉象涩而弱的，适宜益肾壮水（滋补肾阴）。此外还需根据表里证的缓急分别治疗，例如脉象浮而弦，是风邪胜湿所致，需兼治风邪；脉象洪而数，是火邪灼伤津液所致，需兼治火邪。临证时需详细审察。
主方：黄芩、黄芪（各一钱）、天门冬、麦门冬（各一钱五分）、当归（三钱）、生地黄、熟地黄（各二钱）、瓜蒌仁、桃仁（各五分）、五味子（九粒）、酒炒红花、升麻（各二分）。加水煎服。若大便燥结，加火麻仁、郁李仁、杏仁；若大便不通，加酒制大黄。
润肠丸：治疗脾胃中潜伏的火邪，导致大便秘结涩滞，完全不想吃东西，适宜采用润燥、和血、疏风的治疗方法。
配方：火麻仁、郁李仁、桃仁（各一两）、酒制大黄、当归尾、羌活、防风、秦艽、山药（各五钱）、皂荚仁、枳壳、槟榔（各三钱）。
以上药材研为细末，用炼蜜调和制成如梧桐子大小的药丸，每次服用三十丸，空腹时用白开水送服。
琼脂膏：治疗血虚、皮肤干枯粗糙、消渴等症状。
配方：鲜地黄（十斤，洗净捣碎，绞取清汁）、鹿角胶、真酥油、白蜜（各半斤）、生姜汁（一两）。
以上用砂锅慢火熬煮地黄汁，煮至减少三分之一时，加入胶、油、蜜、姜汁，煎煮至像饴糖一样的稠度，倒入瓷器中，置于水中浸泡一天一夜。每次服用几匙，用温酒或开水送服，频繁服用。
简便方：治疗便秘。
配方：猪油（熬制）、白蜜、红枣肉（煮取果肉，各四两）。以上研磨均匀，随意服用。
又一方：治疗血燥。
配方：四物汤（方剂见妇科章节）、桃仁（捣碎）、大黄（等分）。
以上研为细末，用蜂蜜制成如梧桐子大小的药丸，每次服用三十丸，用白开水送服。
又一方：治疗各种燥证。
配方：山药（研为细末）、杏仁（捣碎成细粉，各一斤）、牛乳（二斤）。共同放入瓷瓶中密封好，隔水长时间蒸煮，一天内任意时间服用。
The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: Liver deficiency, Kidney deficiency, and Spleen deficiency all cause heaviness of the body and mental vexation/oppression. This is due to the inability of Qi and Blood to circulate freely, resulting in heavy limbs and postprandial drowsiness or lethargy. The treatment should focus on tonifying the Spleen, benefiting the Kidney, and regulating Yuan Qi (Original Qi).
Main Formula: Huangqi (Astragali Radix, 2 qian), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride) (each 0.5 qian), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, stir-fried with wine), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) (each 0.3 qian), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata, 0.7 qian). Decoct with water, adding Dengxincao (Junci Medullia).
The *Huangdi Neijing* states: Various conditions of dryness, withering, desiccation, and skin roughness/cracking belong to Dryness Syndrome (Zao Zheng). Manifestations such as cracked skin, scaling, dry tinea, and brittle nails are exterior signs of Dryness Disease. Constipation and Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst/Polydipsia) with excessive drinking are interior signs of Dryness Disease. If the pulse is Kou (Hollow) and deficient, nourishing Yin and nourishing Blood is appropriate; if the pulse is Se (Choppy) and weak, benefiting the Kidney and strengthening Water (nourishing Kidney Yin) is appropriate. Furthermore, observe the urgency of exterior and interior patterns for differentiated treatment. For instance, a floating and wiry pulse indicates Wind overcoming Dampness, requiring concurrent treatment for Wind. A surging and rapid pulse indicates Fire scorching Body Fluids, requiring concurrent treatment for Fire. Examine carefully during clinical practice.
Main Formula: Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix) (each 1 qian), Tianmendong (Asparagi Radix), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix) (each 1.5 qian), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 3 qian), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Recens), Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata) (each 2 qian), Louren (Trichosanthis Semen), Taoren (Persicae Semen) (each 0.5 qian), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus, 9 grains), Honghua (Carthami Flos, stir-fried with wine), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (each 0.2 qian). Decoct with water and take orally. If stool is dry and hard, add Mahuang Ren (Cannabis Seed), Yuliren (Pruni Semen), and Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum); if bowel obstruction occurs, add Jiudahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, boiled with wine).
Run Chang Wan (Intestine-Moistening Pill): Treats latent Fire in the Spleen and Stomach causing constipation and difficulty in defecation, complete loss of appetite. It is suitable for moistening dryness, harmonizing Blood, and dispersing Wind.
Formula: Mahuang Ren (Cannabis Seed), Yuliren (Pruni Semen), Taoren (Persicae Semen) (each 1 liang), Jiudahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, boiled with wine), Dangguiwei (Angelicae Sinensis Radix Cauda), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma) (each 5 qian), Zaojiaoren (Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus Semen), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Binglang (Arecae Semen) (each 3 qian).
Grind into fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, swallowed with plain warm water on an empty stomach.
Qiongzhi Gao (Gelatin Paste): Treats Blood deficiency, dry and rough skin, Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst), and other syndromes.
Formula: Xian Dihuang (Fresh Rehmanniae Radix, 10 jin, washed, crushed, and pressed for clear juice), Luroujiao (Deer Meat Gelatin/Zhen Ejiao), Zhen Suyou (True Butter/Cow Ghee), Baimi (White Honey) (each half jin), Jiangshengzhi (Fresh Ginger Juice, 1 liang).
Slowly boil the fresh Rehmanniae juice in a clay pot until reduced by one-third. Add gelatin, butter/oil, honey, and ginger juice. Simmer until the consistency resembles maltose syrup. Pour into porcelain vessels and place in water to cool/set for one day and night. Take several spoons per dose, swallowed with warm wine or warm water. Take frequently.
Simple Prescription: For constipation.
Formula: Zhuyou (Pig Fat, rendered), Baimi (White Honey), Hongzaorou (Red Date Flesh, boiled and extracted) (each 4 liang). Grind uniformly and take as desired.
Another Prescription: For Blood Dryness.
Formula: Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction - see Gynecology section), Taoren (Persicae Semen, crushed), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (equal parts).
Grind into fine powder, mix with honey to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, swallowed with plain warm water.
Another Prescription: For various Dryness Syndromes.
Formula: Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, powdered), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, finely crushed) (each 1 jin), Niuru (Cow Milk, 2 jin). Place together in a porcelain bottle, seal tightly, and steam over boiling water for a long duration. Consume at any time throughout the day.