脾居中州，乳食入胃，脾主运化，分其清浊。乳食不节，致伤脾胃，不能营运，则清浊相干
，或兼外邪，吐泻作矣。先泻后吐，乃脾胃虚寒，必先白水，吐亦不多，气缓神倦，额汗腹痛，
六脉沉濡。先吐后泻，乃脾胃有热，气促唇红，面赤脉洪，渴饮水浆与冷米汤。或兼吐痰。有伤
风吐泻兼咳嗽者；有暑月伤暑烦渴者 有伏暑厥冷者。大抵夏至后热多，大暑后相半，立秋后寒
渐多矣。
主方 苍术（制） 浓朴 陈皮 甘草（热生、冷炙） 半夏 藿香 茯苓
热加白术、猪苓、泽泻，去苍术。虚寒厥冷加干姜、白术、桂、去苍。虚加人参。暑加香薷、
扁豆、滑石。风寒加紫苏、白芷。食加神曲、麦芽。加姜、枣，水煎。（干霍乱与淡盐汤，得
吐泻痛止。）
多因夏月食生冷、油腻难化之物，或乳母纵食以敷之。必先服通导之剂，次及调理。方与大
人同，但剂分轻重耳。若谓小儿不敢用大黄等药，且以止涩之药塞之，误儿性命矣！但宜大人
方减半量与服。
周内无故啼哭不止者，腹痛也。面惨唇青，泻利清白属寒。烘热绵裹腹，乳母多饮姜汤。如
面赤唇
红，大便不通，得暖啼甚者，属热，勿强就暖。周外多因食积所致。脉细小顺，实大逆。
主方 苍术 浓朴 陈皮 茯苓 藿香 半夏 甘草 姜、枣煎服。
寒加干姜（炮） 肉桂。热加白芍、黄芩，去藿香。大便不通少加大黄。食积加山楂、麦芽。
脾脏位于人体中央，负责乳食进入胃部后的运化工作，将水谷精微分为清浊两部分。如果饮食没有节制，损伤了脾胃，导致其无法正常运化输布，就会造成清浊之气相互干扰，或者兼夹外邪侵袭，从而引发呕吐和腹泻。
如果是先腹泻后呕吐，这属于脾胃虚寒证，患者必然喜欢喝温水，呕吐量也不大，伴有气息微弱、精神疲倦、额头出汗、腹痛等症状，脉象表现为沉而濡软。
如果是先呕吐后腹泻，这属于脾胃有热证，患者呼吸急促、嘴唇发红、面色潮红、脉象洪大，口渴想喝水或冷米汤，有时还伴有呕吐痰涎的情况。
有的因伤风引起的吐泻兼有咳嗽；有的在暑天因感受暑邪而出现心烦口渴；有的因伏暑导致四肢厥冷。大致来说，夏至之后热证较多，大暑之后寒热各半，立秋之后寒证逐渐增多。
主方药物包括：苍术（制）、厚朴、陈皮、甘草（热证用生甘草，寒证用炙甘草）、半夏、藿香、茯苓。
若为热证，加白术、猪苓、泽泻，去掉苍术。若为虚寒且四肢厥冷，加干姜、白术、桂枝，去掉苍术。若为虚证，加人参。若为暑证，加香薷、扁豆、滑石。若为风寒证，加紫苏、白芷。若为食积证，加神曲、麦芽。加入生姜、大枣，用水煎服。（对于干霍乱，可服用淡盐水，待吐出或泻下后疼痛停止。）
小儿霍乱多因夏季食用生冷、油腻难消化的食物，或者乳母放纵口腹之欲通过乳汁传给孩子所致。治疗必须先服用通导积滞的药物，然后再进行调理。方剂与成人相同，只是剂量轻重不同而已。如果说因为担心小儿不敢使用大黄等药，反而用止涩的药物堵塞病情，这会误害孩子的性命！只宜采用成人的方剂减半量给小儿服用。
周岁以内的婴儿无故啼哭不止，是腹痛的表现。如果面色惨淡、嘴唇发青，大便清白稀薄，属于寒证。可用烘热的棉布包裹腹部保暖，乳母应多喝姜汤。如果面色赤红、嘴唇发红，大便不通畅，遇暖则啼哭加剧，属于热证，不要强行保暖。
The Spleen resides in the central region of the body. When milk and food enter the Stomach, the Spleen governs transportation and transformation, separating the clear from the turbid. If dietary habits are irregular, damaging the Spleen and Stomach, their ability to transport and transform is impaired, leading to the interference of clear and turbid Qi. This may be accompanied by external pathogens, resulting in vomiting and diarrhea.
If diarrhea precedes vomiting, it indicates Cold deficiency of the Spleen and Stomach. The patient will necessarily desire warm water, vomit little, and present with weak breath, mental fatigue, sweating on the forehead, abdominal pain, and a deep and soggy pulse throughout all positions.
If vomiting precedes diarrhea, it indicates Heat in the Spleen and Stomach. The patient presents with rapid breathing, red lips, flushed face, a flooding pulse, thirst desiring water or cold rice soup, and possibly vomiting phlegm.
Some cases involve vomiting and diarrhea due to Wind injury accompanied by coughing; some occur during summer months due to Summerheat injury causing irritability and thirst; some involve latent Summerheat leading to cold extremities. Generally, after the Summer Solstice, Heat patterns predominate; after Major Heat, Heat and Cold are equal; after Start of Autumn, Cold patterns gradually increase.
Main Formula: Prepared Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu), Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (Houpo), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) [raw for Heat, roasted for Cold], Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia), Agastaches Herba (Huoxiang), Poria (Fuling).
For Heat patterns, add Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu), Polyporus (Zhuling), and Alisma Rhizoma (Zexie); remove Cangzhu. For Cold deficiency with cold extremities, add Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang), Baizhu, and Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi); remove Cangzhu. For deficiency, add Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen). For Summerheat, add Elsholtziae Herba (Xiangru), Phaseoli Semen (Bian Dou), and Talcum (Huashi). For Wind-Cold, add Perillae Folium (Zisu) and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi). For Food stagnation, add Malt (Maiya) and Medicated Leaven (Shenqu). Add Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Jiang) and Jujubae Fructus (Zao), decoct in water. (For Gan Huoluan [Dry Cholera], administer light salt water; pain stops after vomiting or diarrhea occurs.)
Pediatric Huoluan is often caused by consuming raw, cold, or greasy, hard-to-digest foods in summer, or through breast milk if the nursing mother indulges excessively. Treatment must first employ purgative agents to guide out stagnation, followed by regulation. The formula is the same as for adults, differing only in dosage strength. It is erroneous to claim that one dares not use Rhubarb (Dahuang) for children and instead uses astringent drugs to block the condition, which endangers the child's life. One should simply use half the adult dosage.
Infants under one year old who cry incessantly without cause suffer from abdominal pain. A pale face and blue lips with clear, white loose stools indicate Cold. Apply warm cotton-wrapped heat to the abdomen, and the nursing mother should drink more Ginger Decoction. A red face and red lips, with constipation and intensified crying when warmed, indicate Heat; do not forcibly apply warmth. Children over one year old mostly suffer from Food stagnation. A fine and small pulse indicates a favorable prognosis; a full and large pulse indicates an unfavorable prognosis.
Main Formula: Cangzhu, Houpo, Chenpi, Fuling, Huoxiang, Banxia, Gancao, decocted with Jiang and Zao.
For Cold, add Pao Ganjiang and Rougui. For Heat, add Bai Shao and Huang Qin; remove Huoxiang. If stool is blocked, add a small amount of Dahuang. For Food stagnation, add Shanzha and Maiya.