（《素问·刺禁论》全）
黄帝问曰∶愿闻禁数。岐伯对曰∶脏有要害，不可不察，（要害，言各有所要，亦各有所害，当详察也。）肝生于左，
（肝木王于东方而主发生，故其气生于左。）肺藏于右，（肺金王于西方而主收敛，故其气藏于右。）心部于表，（心火主
阳在上，故其气部于表。）肾治于里，（肾水主阴在下，故其气治于里。）脾为之使，（脾土王于四季，主营运水谷以溉五
脏，故为之使。）胃为之市，（胃纳水谷，无物不容，故为之市。）膈肓之上，中有父母，（膈，膈膜也。肓，心之下，膈
之上也。膈肓之上，心肺所居。心为阳中之阳，肺为阳中之阴，心主血，肺主气，营卫于身，故称父母。）七节之旁，
中
有小心，（人之脊骨共二十一节，自上而下当十四节之间，自下而上是为第七节。其两旁者，乃肾俞穴。其中，则命门外
俞也。人生以阳气为本，阳在上者谓之君火，君火在心，阳在下者谓之相火，相火在命门，皆真阳之所在也，故曰七节
之旁，中有小心。）从之有福，逆之有咎。（从谓顺其气，逆谓丧其真也。上文八者，皆人生神气之所在，顺之则福延，
逆之则咎至，乃所谓脏之要害也。）刺中心，一日死，其动为噫。（此下言刺害也。心为五脏六腑之主，故中之者不出一
日，其死最速。动，变动也。心在气为噫，噫见则心气绝矣。噫音伊芳。）刺中肝，五日死，其动为语。（语，谓无故妄言
也。肝在气为语，语见则肝绝矣。）刺中肾，六日死，其动为嚏。（《诊要经终论》曰∶中肾七日死。《四时刺逆从论》曰∶
其动为嚏为欠。见则肾气绝矣。）刺中肺，三日死，其动为咳。（肺在气为咳，咳见则肺气绝矣。《诊要经终论》曰∶中肺
者五日死。）刺中脾，十日死，其动为吞。（脾在气为吞，吞见则脾绝矣。《诊要经终论》曰∶中脾者五日死。愚按∶上文
刺伤五脏，死期各有远近者，以阴阳要害之有缓急也。盖死生之道，惟阳为主，故伤于阳者为急，伤于阴者稍迟。心肺
居于膈上，二阳脏也，心为阳中之阳，肺为阳中之阴，故心为最急而一日，肺次之而三日。肝脾肾居于膈下，三阴脏也，
肝为阴中之阳，肾为阴中之阴，脾为阴中之至阴，故肝稍急而五日，肾次之而六日，脾又次之而十日。此缓急之义也。
按∶《诊要经终论》王氏以五行之数为注，脾言生数，肺言生数之余，肾言成数之余，心则不及言数，此其说若乎近理；
然或此或彼，或言或不言，难以尽合，恐不能无勉强耳。《四时刺逆从论》之文，与本篇同，见前十九。）刺中胆，一日
半死，其动为呕。（胆属少阳，乃生气所在，为六腑之一，然藏而不泻，又类乎脏，凡十一脏者，皆取决于胆，是谓中正
之官，奇恒之腑，伤之者其危极速，故本篇不及六腑，独言胆也。呕出于胃，而胆证忌之，木邪犯土，见则死矣。）刺跗
上，中大脉，血出不止死。（跗上，足面也。大脉，足阳明冲阳穴，胃经之原也。胃为五脏六腑水谷气血之海，若刺之过
伤，以致血出不止，则海竭气亡，必致死也。）刺面，中溜脉，不幸为盲。（溜，流也。凡血脉之通于目者，皆为溜脉。
按《大惑论》曰∶五脏六腑之精气，皆上注于目而为之精。《论疾诊尺篇》曰∶赤脉从上下者，太阳病；从下上者，阳明
病；从外走内者，少阳病。此皆溜脉之义。刺面者不知溜脉而误中之，伤其精气，故令人盲。）刺头，中脑户，入脑立死。
（脑户，督脉穴，在枕骨上，通于脑中。脑为髓海，乃元阳精气之所聚，针入脑则真气泄，故立死。）刺舌下，中脉太过，
血出不止为喑。（舌下脉者，任脉之廉泉穴，足少阴之标也。中脉太过，血出不止则伤肾，肾虚则无气，故令人喑。按《忧
恚无言篇》曰∶足之少阴，上系于舌，终于横骨，终于会厌。《脉解篇》曰∶内夺而厥，则为喑俳，此肾虚也。然则喑本
于肾，无所疑矣。）刺足下布络，中脉，血不出为肿。（足下布络，足跗下浮浅散见之络也。邪在布络而刺中其脉，过于
深矣。若血不出，气必随针而壅，故为肿也。）刺 中大脉，令人仆，脱色。（ ，足太阳委中穴也。刺委中而中其大脉，
伤阴气于阳经，故令人仆倒且脱色也。 ，隙同。仆音付。）刺气街，中脉，血不出为肿鼠仆。（气街即气冲，足阳明经
穴。仆当作鼷。刺气街者，不中穴而旁中其脉，若血不出，当为肿于鼠鼷也。）刺脊间，中髓，为伛。（伛，伛偻也。刺
脊太深误中髓者，伤腰背骨中之精气，故令人蜷曲不能伸也。伛，雍主切。）刺乳上，中乳房，为肿，根蚀。（乳之上下，
皆足阳明脉也。乳房乃胸中气血交凑之室，故刺乳上之穴而误中乳房，则气结不散，留而为肿，肿则必溃，且并乳根皆
蚀而难于愈也。蚀，食同。）刺缺盆，中内陷，气泄，令人喘、咳逆。（缺盆，在肩前横骨上陷者中，为五脏六腑之道。
凡刺缺盆过深，中其内陷之脉，致伤脏气者，令人为喘为咳逆，盖五脏皆能动喘及为咳逆也。）刺手鱼腹，内陷，为肿。
（鱼腹，手太阴经之脉。刺之太深内陷，必反致邪而为肿也。）无刺大醉，令人气乱。（大醉，乱人气血，因而刺之，是
益其乱。）无刺大怒，令人气逆。（怒本逆气，乘怒刺之，其逆益甚。）无刺大劳人，（大劳者气乏，刺之则气愈耗。）无刺
新饱人，（新饱者谷气盛满，经气未定，刺之恐其易泄。）无刺大饥人，（饥人气虚，刺则愈伤其气。）无刺大渴人，（渴者
液少，刺则愈亡其阴。）无刺大惊人。（惊者气怯，刺则气愈散矣。）刺阴股，中大脉，血出不止死。（阴股大脉，足太阴
箕门、血海之间。血出不止则脾气脱，故至于死。）刺客主人，内陷中脉，为内漏，为聋。（客主人，足少阳经穴。刺之
太深，则内陷中脉。脓生耳底，是为内漏。伤其经气，故致聋也。）刺膝髌，出液，为跛。（髌，膝盖骨也。膝者筋之府，
刺膝髌之下而出其液，则液泄筋枯，故令人跛。髌，频、牝二音。跛，补火切。）刺臂太阴脉，出血多，立死。（臂太阴，
肺脉也。肺主气以行营卫，血出多而营卫绝，气散则死也。）刺足少阴脉，重虚出血，为舌难以言。（足少阴，肾脉也。
少阴之脉循喉咙系舌本，肾既虚而复刺出血，是重虚也，故令舌难以言。）刺膺中，陷中肺，为喘逆仰息。（肺近膺中而
误中之，则肺气上泄，故为喘为逆，仰首而息也。）刺肘中，内陷，气归之，为不屈伸。（肘中者，手太阴之尺泽、厥阴
之曲泽皆是也。深刺内陷，必损其气，气泄于此，则气归之，故为不能屈伸。）刺阴股下三寸，内陷，令人遗溺。（阴股
之脉，足三阴也，皆上聚于阴器；惟少阴之在股间者，有经无穴。其在气冲下三寸者，足厥阴之五里也，主治肠中热满
不得溺。若刺深内陷，令人遗溺不禁，当是此穴。然厥阴之阴包，阳明之箕门，皆治遗溺；若刺之太深，则溺反不止矣。）
刺腋下胁间，内陷，令人咳。（腋下胁间，肺所居也。若刺深内陷，中其肺脏，故令人咳。）刺少腹，中膀胱溺出，令人
少腹满。（刺中膀胱则胞气泄，故溺出于外而为小腹满。）刺 肠，内陷，为肿。（ 肠，足肚也。肉浓气深，不易行散，
故刺而内陷则为肿。）刺匡上，陷骨中脉，为漏为盲。（匡，眼匡也。目者宗脉之所聚，刺匡上而深陷骨间，中其目系之
脉，则流泪不止而为漏，视无所见而为盲也。）刺关节中，液出，不得屈伸。（腰脊者，身之大关节也。手肘足膝者，四
肢之关节也。诸筋者皆属于节，液出则筋枯，故为不得屈伸。）
（《素问·刺禁论》全文）
黄帝问道：我想听听针刺禁忌的具体数目。岐伯回答说：五脏都有要害部位，不可不仔细考察。（要害，意思是各脏腑都有其关键之处，也都有其易受伤害之处，应当详细审察。）肝气生于左侧，（肝属木，旺于东方而主生发之气，所以其气机生于左侧。）肺气藏于右侧，（肺属金，旺于西方而主收敛之气，所以其气机藏于右侧。）心气布散于体表，（心属火，主阳气且位于上部，所以其气机布散于体表。）肾气治理于体内，（肾属水，主阴气且位于下部，所以其气机治理于体内。）脾脏作为转输的使者，（脾属土，旺于四季，主要运化水谷精微以灌溉五脏，所以被称为使者。）胃腑作为容纳的集市，（胃接受和容纳水谷，没有东西不容纳，所以被称为集市。）膈膜与肓膜之上，中间有父母，（膈，指膈膜。肓，指心脏下方、膈膜上方的区域。膈肓之上，是心和肺所在的地方。心为阳中之阳，肺为阳中之阴，心主血，肺主气，共同营卫全身，所以称它们为父母。）第七节脊椎的旁边，中间有小心，（人的脊骨共有二十一节，从上往下数第十四节的位置，从下往上数是第七节。其两旁是肾俞穴。其中间，则是命门穴的外俞。人生存以阳气为本，位于上部的阳气称为君火，君火在心；位于下部的阳气称为相火，相火在命门，这都是真阳所在的地方，所以说第七节旁边，中间有小心。）顺应这些要害就能得福，违背这些要害就会遭殃。（顺，指顺应脏腑之气；逆，指丧失真气。上文所说的八者，都是人体神气所在的关键部位，顺应它们则福气延长，违背它们则灾祸降临，这就是所谓的五脏要害。）
如果针刺中心脏，一天后死亡，其变动表现为嗳气。（以下讲述针刺造成的危害。心是五脏六腑的主宰，所以刺中它的不超过一天，死亡最快。动，指气机的变动。心在气声为嗳气，出现嗳气说明心气已绝。嗳音同“伊芳”。）如果刺中肝脏，五天后死亡，其变动表现为胡言乱语。（语，指无故胡乱说话。肝在气声为语，出现胡言乱语说明肝气已绝。）如果刺中肾脏，六天后死亡，其变动表现为打喷嚏。（《诊要经终论》说：刺中肾脏七天死。《四时刺逆从论》说：其变动表现为打喷嚏和呵欠。出现这些症状说明肾气已绝。）如果刺中肺脏，三天后死亡，其变动表现为咳嗽。（肺在气声为咳嗽，出现咳嗽说明肺气已绝。《诊要经终论》说：刺中肺脏的人五天死。）如果刺中脾脏，十天后死亡，其变动表现为吞咽动作。（脾在气声为吞咽，出现吞咽动作说明脾气已绝。《诊要经终论》说：刺中脾脏的人五天死。我按：上文所说刺伤五脏，死亡期限各有远近的原因，是因为阴阳要害的缓急不同。大抵生死之道，以阳气为主，所以损伤阳气的病情紧急，损伤阴气的稍慢。心肺居于膈上，属于二阳之脏，心为阳中之阳，肺为阳中之阴，所以心最紧急而死期是一天，肺次之而死期是三天。肝脾肾居于膈下，属于三阴之脏，肝为阴中之阳，肾为阴中之阴，脾为阴中之至阴，所以肝稍紧急而死期是五天，肾次之而死期是六天，脾又次之而死期是十天。这就是缓急的道理。按：《诊要经终论》王冰用五行之数来注释，脾讲生数，肺讲生数之余，肾讲成数之余，心则没提数字，这种说法似乎有理；然而有时提及有时不提，难以完全吻合，恐怕有些牵强附会。《四时刺逆从论》的文字与本篇相同，见前第十九篇。）如果刺中胆腑，一天半后死亡，其变动表现为呕吐。（胆属少阳，是生气所在，为六腑之一，但它藏精气而不泻，又类似脏。凡十一脏都取决于胆，这叫做中正之官，奇恒之腑，损伤它危险极快，所以本篇不及其他六腑，独独提到胆。呕吐出于胃，但胆病证忌讳呕吐，这是木邪侵犯土，出现呕吐说明死亡了。）如果刺足背上方，伤中大脉，血流不止会死亡。（跗上，即足面。大脉，指足阳明经的冲阳穴，是胃经的原穴。胃是五脏六腑水谷气血的海，如果刺之过深受伤，导致血流不止，那么海竭气亡，必定致死。）如果刺面部，伤及流注血脉，不幸会导致失明。（溜，即流。凡是血脉通于眼睛的，都叫溜脉。按《大惑论》说：五脏六腑的精气，都上注于眼睛而形成眼珠的神采。《论疾诊尺篇》说：赤脉从上往下的，是太阳病；从下往上的，是阳明病；从外向内的，是少阳病。这都是溜脉的含义。刺面部不知道溜脉而误中它，损伤精气，所以使人失明。）如果刺头部，伤及脑户穴，针入脑中立即死亡。（脑户，督脉穴位，在枕骨上方，通向脑中。脑是髓海，是元阳精气聚集的地方，针入脑则真气外泄，所以立即死亡。）如果刺舌下，伤脉太过，血流不止会导致失音。（舌下脉，是任脉的廉泉穴，足少阴经的标部。伤脉太过，血流不止则伤肾，肾虚则无气，所以使人失音。按《忧恚无言篇》说：足少阴经，上行系于舌根，终于横骨，终于会厌。《脉解篇》说：内夺而厥，则为失音和瘫痪，这是肾虚。既然这样，失音本源于肾，毫无疑问了。）如果刺足底散布的络脉，伤及经脉，血不出会导致肿胀。（足下布络，指足跗下浮浅散见的络脉。邪气在布络中却刺中了经脉，这就太深了。如果血不出，气必然随着针壅滞，所以发生肿胀。）如果刺委中穴，伤中大脉，使人跌倒，面色脱白。（委中，足太阳膀胱经的委中穴。刺委中而伤其大脉，损伤阳经中的阴气，所以使人跌倒且面色脱白。 字同隙。仆音同“付”。）如果刺气街穴，伤及经脉，血不出会导致腹股沟部肿胀。（气街即气冲，足阳明胃经穴位。仆当作鼷，指小鼠，这里指腹股沟。刺气街穴，没有刺中穴位而旁边刺中了经脉，如果血不出，应当在鼠鼷处发生肿胀。）如果刺脊柱间隙，伤及脊髓，会导致驼背。（伛，即伛偻，驼背。刺脊柱太深误中脊髓，损伤腰背骨中的精气，所以使人蜷曲不能伸直。伛，音雍主切。）如果刺乳房上方，伤及乳房，会导致肿胀，根部溃烂。（乳房的上下，都是足阳明经脉所过。乳房是胸中气血交汇的地方，所以刺乳房上方的穴位而误中乳房，则气结不散，停留成为肿胀，肿胀必然溃破，并且连同乳根一起溃烂难以愈合。蚀，同食。）如果刺缺盆穴，刺入过深陷中内里，气泄，使人喘咳气逆。（缺盆，在肩前横骨上方的凹陷处，是五脏六腑经络通行的道路。凡是刺缺盆过深，伤及内陷的脉络，导致损伤脏气的，会使人喘息咳嗽气逆，因为五脏都能引起喘息和咳嗽气逆。）如果刺手鱼腹部位，刺入过深，会导致肿胀。（鱼腹，手太阴肺经的脉路。刺之太深内陷，必然反而招致邪气而发生肿胀。）不要在大醉时针刺，会使人气血紊乱。（大醉，扰乱人气血，此时针刺，是增加其混乱。）不要在人大怒时针刺，会使人气机逆乱。（怒本来使气机上逆，乘怒气未平之时针刺，其逆乱更加严重。）不要在人大劳倦时针刺，（大劳者气力匮乏，针刺则气更耗损。）不要在刚吃饱时针刺，（刚吃饱者谷气盛满，经气未定，针刺恐怕容易泄气。）不要在人大饥饿时针刺，（饥饿者人气虚，针刺会更伤其气。）不要在人大口渴时针刺，（口渴者津液少，针刺会更亡其阴。）不要在人大惊恐时针刺。（惊恐者气怯弱，针刺则气更散乱。）如果刺大腿内侧，伤中大脉，血流不止会死亡。（阴股大脉，指足太阴经箕门穴、血海穴之间。血流不止则脾气脱失，所以至于死亡。）如果刺客主人穴，刺入过深陷中经脉，会导致耳内漏脓，耳聋。（客主人，足少阳胆经穴位。刺之太深，则内陷中脉。脓生在耳底，这叫内漏。损伤其经气，所以导致耳聋。）如果刺膝盖髌骨，流出积液，会导致跛行。（髌，膝盖骨。膝是筋的府库，刺膝盖髌骨之下流出积液，则液泄筋枯，所以使人跛行。髌，音频、牝二音。跛，音补火切。）如果刺臂太阴脉，出血过多，立即死亡。（臂太阴，即肺脉。肺主气以运行营卫，血出多则营卫断绝，气散则死亡。）如果刺足少阴脉，造成双重虚弱并出血，会导致舌头僵硬难以说话。（足少阴，即肾脉。少阴经脉循喉咙系舌根，肾既已虚又再刺出血，这是双重虚弱，所以令舌头难以说话。）如果刺胸膺部，刺入过深陷中肺脏，会导致喘逆仰息。（肺靠近胸膺部而误中它，则肺气上泄，所以发生喘息气逆，仰头呼吸。）如果刺肘中，刺入过深，气归于此，会导致肢体不能屈伸。（肘中，指手太阴肺经的尺泽穴、手厥阴心包经的曲泽穴等。深刺内陷，必然损伤其气，气泄于此，则气归于此处，所以导致不能屈伸。）如果刺大腿内侧下三寸处，刺入过深，会导致遗尿。（阴股的脉，是足三阴经，都向上汇聚于阴器；只有少阴经在大腿间，有经无穴。其在气冲穴下三寸处，是足厥阴肝经的五里穴，主治肠中热满不得小便。如果刺深内陷，令人遗尿不禁，应当是这个穴位。然而厥阴经的阴包穴，阳明经的箕门穴，都治疗遗尿；如果刺之太深，则小便反而不止了。）如果刺腋下胁间，刺入过深，会导致咳嗽。（腋下胁间，是肺所在的地方。如果刺深内陷，中其肺脏，所以使人咳嗽。）如果刺小腹，刺中膀胱使尿液流出，会导致小腹胀满。（刺中膀胱则胞气外泄，所以尿流出体外而为小腹胀满。）如果刺小腿肚，刺入过深，会导致肿胀。（腨肠，即小腿肚。肌肉厚实气机深沉，不易行散，所以刺而入深则发生肿胀。）如果刺眼眶上方，陷中骨间脉络，会导致流泪不止和失明。（匡，眼眶。眼睛是宗脉聚集的地方，刺眼眶上方而深陷骨间，中其目系之脉，则流泪不止而为漏，视物不见而为盲。）如果刺关节中，流出积液，会导致不能屈伸。（腰脊，是身体的大关节。手肘足膝，是四肢的关节。诸筋都连属于节，液出则筋枯，所以导致不能屈伸。）
(Full text of *Suwen: Discussion on Forbidden Acupuncture Points*)
The Yellow Emperor asked, "I wish to hear the specific number of acupuncture contraindications." Qibo replied, "The Zang organs have critical points that must not be overlooked. (Critical points refer to the vital areas of each organ and their vulnerabilities, which should be carefully examined.) The Qi of the Liver arises on the left, (Liver belongs to Wood, prospers in the East, and governs the generating energy; thus, its Qi arises on the left.) The Qi of the Lung is stored on the right, (Lung belongs to Metal, prospers in the West, and governs the gathering energy; thus, its Qi is stored on the right.) The Qi of the Heart distributes to the exterior, (Heart belongs to Fire, governs Yang Qi and is located superiorly; thus, its Qi distributes to the exterior.) The Qi of the Kidney governs the interior, (Kidney belongs to Water, governs Yin Qi and is located inferiorly; thus, its Qi governs the interior.) The Spleen acts as the envoy, (Spleen belongs to Earth, prospers during the four seasons, primarily transforms and transports grain essence to nourish the five Zang organs, hence called the envoy.) The Stomach acts as the market, (Stomach receives and contains food and drink, accommodating everything, hence called the market.) Above the diaphragm and Huan membrane, there are parents within, (Diaphragm refers to the diaphragmatic membrane. Huan refers to the area below the heart and above the diaphragm. Above the diaphragm and Huan membrane lie the Heart and Lung. The Heart is Yang within Yang, the Lung is Yin within Yang; the Heart governs Blood, the Lung governs Qi, together they nourish and protect the body, hence called parents.) Beside the seventh vertebral segment, there is a 'small heart' within, (The human spine has twenty-one segments. Counting from top to bottom, the fourteenth segment; counting from bottom to top, it is the seventh segment. On either side of this level are the Shenshu acupoints. In the middle lies the Mingmen acupoint's external aspect. Human life relies on Yang Qi as its root. Yang Qi superiorly is called Ministerial Fire (Jun Huo), residing in the Heart; Yang Qi inferiorly is called Assistant Fire (Xiang Huo), residing in the Mingmen. Both are locations of true Yang Qi, hence it is said that beside the seventh segment, there is a 'small heart' within.) Following these points brings fortune; violating them brings blame. (Following means adhering to the Qi of the organs; violating means losing true Qi. The eight aspects mentioned above are where the spirit and Qi reside in the body. Adhering to them extends fortune; violating them brings disaster. This is what is meant by the critical points of the Zang organs.)
If the needle pierces the Heart, death occurs within one day, with the manifestation being belching. (This section discusses the harm caused by acupuncture. The Heart is the master of the five Zang and six Fu organs; thus, if pierced, death occurs within one day, the fastest. 'Movement' refers to changes in Qi. The sound associated with the Heart in Qi is belching; the appearance of belching indicates the exhaustion of Heart Qi. Belch sounds like 'Yi Fang'.) If the needle pierces the Liver, death occurs within five days, with the manifestation being incoherent speech. (Speech here refers to talking nonsense without cause. The sound associated with the Liver in Qi is speech; the appearance of incoherent speech indicates the exhaustion of Liver Qi.) If the needle pierces the Kidney, death occurs within six days, with the manifestation being sneezing. (*Zhenyao Jingzhong Lun* states: piercing the Kidney leads to death in seven days. *Sishi Ni Cong Lun* states: the manifestations are sneezing and yawning. The appearance of these symptoms indicates the exhaustion of Kidney Qi.) If the needle pierces the Lung, death occurs within three days, with the manifestation being coughing. (The sound associated with the Lung in Qi is coughing; the appearance of coughing indicates the exhaustion of Lung Qi. *Zhenyao Jingzhong Lun* states: piercing the Lung leads to death in five days.) If the needle pierces the Spleen, death occurs within ten days, with the manifestation being swallowing. (The sound associated with the Spleen in Qi is swallowing; the appearance of swallowing movements indicates the exhaustion of Spleen Qi. *Zhenyao Jingzhong Lun* states: piercing the Spleen leads to death in five days. Note: The reason for the varying timeframes for death after injuring the five Zang organs mentioned above lies in the urgency of the Yin-Yang critical points. Generally, the path of life and death is dominated by Yang Qi; thus, injury to Yang is urgent, while injury to Yin is slower. The Heart and Lung reside above the diaphragm and belong to the two Yang organs. The Heart is Yang within Yang, the Lung is Yin within Yang; therefore, Heart injury is most urgent (one day), followed by Lung (three days). The Liver, Spleen, and Kidney reside below the diaphragm and belong to the three Yin organs. The Liver is Yang within Yin, the Kidney is Yin within Yin, the Spleen is Extreme Yin within Yin; therefore, Liver injury is slightly urgent (five days), followed by Kidney (six days), and Spleen is least urgent (ten days). This explains the principle of urgency. Note: In *Zhenyao Jingzhong Lun*, Wang Bing used the numbers of the Five Elements for annotation: Spleen uses the generating number, Lung uses the remainder of the generating number, Kidney uses the remainder of the completion number, and Heart does not mention a number. While this explanation seems reasonable, the inconsistency makes it difficult to fully align, suggesting some forced interpretation. The text in *Sishi Ni Cong Lun* is identical to this chapter, see Chapter 19.) If the needle pierces the Gallbladder, death occurs within one and a half days, with the manifestation being vomiting. (Gallbladder belongs to Shaoyang, is the location of generating Qi, and is one of the six Fu organs. However, it stores essence without draining, resembling a Zang organ. All eleven organs depend on the Gallbladder, making it the Official of Justice and an Extraordinary Fu organ. Injury to it is extremely dangerous and rapid, so this chapter omits other Fu organs and mentions only the Gallbladder. Vomiting originates from the Stomach, but Gallbladder pathology忌讳 (avoids) vomiting; this represents Wood evil invading Earth; the appearance of vomiting indicates death.) If the needle pierces the dorsum of the foot, damaging a major vessel, unceasing blood loss leads to death. (Dorsum of the foot refers to the top of the foot. Major vessel refers to Chongyang (ST42), the Yuan-Source point of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. The Stomach is the sea of water, grain, Qi, and Blood for the five Zang and six Fu organs. If pierced too deeply causing unceasing blood loss, the sea empties and Qi perishes, inevitably leading to death.) If the needle pierces the face, damaging the flowing vessels, misfortune results in blindness. (Liu [flow] refers to flow. Any blood vessel connecting to the eye is called a Liu vessel. According to *Da Huo Lun*: The essence of the five Zang and six Fu organs all ascend to the eyes to form the brilliance of the eyes. *Lun Ji Zhen Chi Pian* states: Red vessels moving from top to bottom indicate Taiyang disease; from bottom to top, Yangming disease; from outside to inside, Shaoyang disease. These are meanings of Liu vessels. Piercing the face without knowing the Liu vessels and accidentally damaging them injures the essence, causing blindness.) If the needle pierces the head, entering the Naohu acupoint into the brain, death occurs immediately. (Naohu is a Du Meridian acupoint located above the occipital bone, connecting to the brain. The brain is the Sea of Marrow, the gathering place of primal Yang essence. Needle entry into the brain causes leakage of true Qi, hence immediate death.) If the needle pierces under the tongue, damaging the vessel excessively, unceasing blood loss leads to aphonia. (Vessels under the tongue refer to Lianquan (RN23) of the Ren Meridian, the Biao aspect of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian. Excessive damage to the vessel with unceasing blood loss injures the Kidney; Kidney deficiency leads to lack of Qi, causing aphonia. According to *Youhui Wu Yan Pian*: The Foot-Shaoyin meridian ascends to connect with the tongue, ending at the horizontal bone and the epiglottis. *Mai Jie Pian* states: Internal depletion and reversal lead to aphonia and paralysis, due to Kidney deficiency. Thus, aphonia originates from the Kidney, without doubt.) If the needle pierces the distributed collaterals under the foot, damaging the main vessel, failure of blood to exit leads to swelling. (Distributed collaterals under the foot refer to the superficial, scattered collaterals on the sole. Pathogen in the collaterals but piercing the main vessel is too deep. If blood does not exit, Qi will stagnate following the needle, causing swelling.) If the needle pierces Weizhong (BL40), damaging a major vessel, the person falls, and complexion fades. (Weizhong is the Weizhong acupoint of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian. Piercing Weizhong and damaging the major vessel injures Yin Qi within the Yang meridian, causing the person to fall and lose complexion. Character ' ' is same as 'Xi'. Pu sounds like 'Fu'.) If the needle pierces Qichong (ST30), damaging the vessel, failure of blood to exit leads to swelling in the groin. (Qichong is another name for Qichong, an acupoint of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. 'Pu' should be 'Xi', referring to the mouse/groin area. Piercing Qichong without hitting the acupoint but hitting the adjacent vessel, if blood does not exit, swelling will occur in the groin.) If the needle pierces the spinal interspace, damaging the spinal marrow, kyphosis results. (Yu refers to kyphosis/hunchback. Piercing the spine too deeply and accidentally damaging the spinal marrow injures the essence and Qi in the lumbar and back bones, causing curling inability to straighten. Yu sounds like 'Yongzhu'.) If the needle pierces above the breast, damaging the breast tissue, swelling occurs, and the root erodes. (Above and below the breast are traversed by the Foot-Yangming meridians. The breast is the chamber where Qi and Blood of the chest converge. Piercing acupoints above the breast and accidentally damaging the breast tissue causes Qi stagnation, leading to swelling. Swelling must ulcerate, and erosion spreads to the breast root, making healing difficult. Shi is same as 'Shi'.) If the needle pierres Quepen (ST12), penetrating too deeply inward, Qi leaks, causing wheezing and reverse coughing. (Quepen is located in the depression above the clavicle, a pathway for the meridians of the five Zang and six Fu organs. Piercing Quepen too deeply damages the internal vessels and injures Zang Qi, causing wheezing and reverse coughing, as all five Zang organs can induce wheezing and reverse coughing.) If the needle pierces the Fish Belly area, penetrating too deeply, swelling occurs. (Fish Belly refers to the pulse path of the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. Piercing too deeply inward attracts pathogen, causing swelling.) Do not puncture when greatly intoxicated, as it causes Qi disorder. (Great intoxication disrupts Qi and Blood; puncturing then increases the disorder.) Do not puncture when greatly angry, as it causes Qi rebellion. (Anger naturally causes Qi to rebel; puncturing while angry exacerbates the rebellion.) Do not puncture those who are greatly fatigued, (Great fatigue depletes Qi; puncturing further consumes Qi.) Do not puncture those who have just eaten full meals, (Just after eating, Grain Qi is abundant and Meridian Qi is unsettled; puncturing risks easy leakage of Qi.) Do not puncture those who are greatly hungry, (Hunger causes Qi deficiency; puncturing further injures Qi.) Do not puncture those who are greatly thirsty, (Thirst indicates scanty fluids; puncturing further destroys Yin.) Do not puncture those who are greatly startled. (Startle causes Qi to become timid; puncturing scatters Qi further.) If the needle pierces the inner thigh, damaging a major vessel, unceasing blood loss leads to death. (Major vessels of the inner thigh refer to between Jimen (SP11) and Xuehai (SP10) of the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian. Unceasing blood loss leads to Spleen Qi collapse, resulting in death.) If the needle pierces Kerenren (GB7), penetrating too deeply into the vessel, internal leakage and deafness result. (Kerenren is an acupoint of the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. Piercing too deeply penetrates into the vessel. Pus forms at the bottom of the ear, called internal leakage. Damaging the meridian Qi causes deafness.) If the needle pierces the knee patella, releasing fluid, limping results. (Bin refers to the kneecap. The knee is the residence of tendons. Piercing below the patella releases fluid; fluid leakage leads to tendon withering, causing limping. Bin sounds like 'Pin' or 'Pin'. Bo sounds like 'Buhuo'.) If the needle pierces the Arm-Taiyin vessel, excessive bleeding leads to immediate death. (Arm-Taiyin is the Lung vessel. Lung governs Qi to circulate Ying and Wei; excessive blood loss cuts off Ying and Wei, Qi scatters, leading to death.) If the needle pierces the Foot-Shaoyin vessel, causing double deficiency and bleeding, the tongue becomes stiff and difficult to speak. (Foot-Shaoyin is the Kidney vessel. The Shaoyin meridian runs along the throat and connects to the base of the tongue. If the Kidney is already deficient and bleeding is induced by needling, it is double deficiency, causing difficulty in speaking.) If the needle pierces the chest (Ying), penetrating too deeply into the Lung, wheezing and reverse breathing occur. (The Lung is close to the chest; accidental injury causes Lung Qi to leak upward, resulting in wheezing, reverse breathing, and仰息 [breathing with head tilted back].) If the needle pierces the elbow center, penetrating too deeply, Qi gathers there, leading to inability to flex or extend. (Elbow center refers to Chize (LU5) of the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian and Quze (PC3) of the Hand-Jueyin Pericardium Meridian. Deep penetration injures Qi; Qi leaks here and gathers, causing inability to move limbs.) If the needle pierces three cun below the inner thigh, penetrating too deeply, enuresis results. (Meridians of the inner thigh are the Foot-Sanyin meridians, converging on the genitalia. Only the Shaoyin meridian in the thigh has a channel but no acupoint. Three cun below Qichong is Wuli (LR11) of the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian, treating intestinal heat and urinary retention. If pierced too deeply causing enuresis, it likely refers to this point. However, Yinbao (LR9) of Jueyin and Jimen (SP11) of Yangming also treat enuresis; if pierced too deeply, urination may instead become uncontrollable.) If the needle pierces the axilla and hypochondrium, penetrating too deeply, coughing results. (Axilla and hypochondrium are locations of the Lung. Deep penetration injuring the Lung causes coughing.) If the needle pierces the lower abdomen, damaging the bladder and causing urine leakage, abdominal fullness results. (Damaging the bladder causes Bladder Qi to leak, urine exits externally, and lower abdominal fullness occurs.) If the needle pierces the calf muscle (Chanchang), penetrating too deeply, swelling occurs. (Chanchang refers to the calf muscle. Muscle is thick and Qi is deep,不易行散 [hard to disperse]; deep penetration causes swelling.) If the needle pierces above the orbital rim, penetrating into the bone and damaging vessels, lacrimation and blindness result. (Kuang refers to the eye socket. The eyes are the gathering place of Zong Mai [convergent vessels]. Piercing above the orbit and deeply into the bone damages the vessels connecting to the eye, causing unceasing tearing (lacrimation) and blindness.) If the needle pierces the joints, releasing fluid, inability to flex or extend results. (Waist and spine are the large joints of the body. Elbows and knees are the joints of the four limbs. All tendons attach to the joints. Fluid release leads to tendon withering, causing inability to move.)