（《素问·气穴论》《长刺节论》《通评虚实论》《灵枢·热病篇》《杂病篇》《四时气篇》《九针十二原篇》）
背与心相控而痛，所治天突与十椎及上纪。
（《素问·气穴论》。天突，任脉穴。十椎，督脉之中枢也。此穴诸书不载，惟气府论督脉气所发条下，王氏注曰∶
中枢在第十椎节下间。与此相合，可无疑也。上纪如下文。）上纪者，胃脘也。下纪者，关元也。（胃脘，即中脘，胃之
募也，为手太阳少阳足阳明所生，任脉之会；关元，小肠募也，为足三阴任脉之会，故曰上纪下纪。）背胸邪系阴阳左右
如此，其病前后痛涩，胸胁痛而不得息、不得卧，上气短气偏痛，脉满起，斜出尻脉，络胸胁，支心贯膈，上肩加天突，
斜下肩交十椎下。（此详言上文背与心相控而痛者，悉由任督二脉之为病也。盖任在前，督在后，背为阳，腹为阴，故为
前后痛涩等病。其在下者斜出尻脉，在上者络胸胁，支心贯膈，上肩加天突，左右斜下肩，交十椎下，所以当刺天突、
中枢、胃脘、关元等穴。）
病在少腹有积，刺皮HT ，以下至少腹而止，
（《素问·长刺节论》。HT 字，编考韵篇皆无。全元起本作髓字、于义亦未为得。新校正云当作皮 ，HT 字误也，
其说近理，释义云∶ ，骨端也。此言皮 以下者，盖谓足厥阴之章门、期门二穴，皆在横皮肋骨之端也。及下至小腹
而止者，如足阳明之天枢、归来，足太阴之府舍、冲门，足少阴之气穴、四满，皆主奔豚积聚等病。 音括。）刺侠脊两
旁四椎间，（此足太阳之厥阴俞，手心主脉气所及也。按∶《脉要精微论》曰∶心为牡脏，小肠为之使，故曰少腹当有形
也。然则厥阴俞能主少腹之疾无疑。）刺两髂 、季胁肋间，导腹中气，热下已。（腰骨曰髂。两髂 者，谓腰骨两旁之
居也。季胁肋间，京门也。皆足少阳经穴。导，引也。导引腹中热气，下入少腹，则病已矣。髂音格，又丘亚切。）
病在少腹，腹痛不得大小便，病名曰疝，得之寒，刺少腹、两股间，刺腰髁骨间，刺而多之，尽炅病已。（小腹间痛
而二便不行者为疝病，乃寒气之所致。当刺少腹者，去肝肾之寒也。刺两股间者，去阳明、太阴之邪也。刺腰髁间者，
凡腰中在后在侧之成片大骨，皆曰髁骨。在后者，足太阳之所行。在侧者，足少阳之所行。凡此诸经皆非寒疝，但察邪
之所在者，多取其穴而 刺之，俟其少腹尽热，则病已矣。髁，苦瓦切。炅，居永切，热也。）
气满胸中喘息，取足太阴大趾之端，去爪甲如薤叶，
（《灵枢·热病篇》。足大趾之端，隐白穴也。薤音械，似韭而无实。）寒则留之，热则疾之，气下乃止。（内寒者气
至迟，故宜久留其针。内热者气至速，故宜疾去其针。总候其气下不喘，乃可止针也。）
心疝暴痛，取足太阴、厥阴，尽刺去其血络。（心疝者，如《脉要精微论》曰∶诊得心脉而急，病名心疝，少腹当有
形也。取足太阴、厥阴尽刺去其血络者，以二经皆聚于少腹，去其络血，即所以散其邪也。）
中热而喘，取足少阴、 中血络。
（《灵枢·杂病篇》。中热而喘，热在中上二焦也。取足少阴者，壮水以制火也。 中血络，即足太阳委中穴，取之
可以泻火。）
小腹满大，上走胃至心，淅淅身时寒热，小便不利，取足厥阴。（淅淅，寒肃貌。肝经之脉抵小腹挟胃，其支者从肝
别贯膈，故为病如此，当取足厥阴经以刺之。淅音昔。）
腹满，大便不利，腹大亦上走胸嗌，喘息喝喝然，取足少阴。（肾开窍于二阴，其经脉从肾上贯肝膈入肺中，循喉咙，
故其为病如此，当取足少阴经以刺之。喝喝，喘急貌。嗌音益。）
腹满，食不化，腹响响然，不能大便，取足太阴。（脾失其职，则食不能化，腹满而鸣，气滞于中，大便不调，当取
足太阴经以刺之。）
气逆上，刺膺中陷者与下胸动脉。（膺中陷者，足阳明之屋翳也。下胸动脉，手太阴之中府也。盖在中曰胸，胸之旁
即谓之下耳。）
腹痛刺脐左右动脉，已刺按之，立已；不已刺气街，已刺按之，立已。（脐之左右动脉，如足少阴之肓俞，足阳明之
天枢，皆主腹痛。气街，即足阳明之气冲也。）
肠中不便，取三里，盛泻之，虚补之。
（《灵枢·四时气篇》。小肠不便者不能化物，大肠不便者不能传道，大肠小肠皆属于胃，故当取足阳明之三里穴，
邪气盛则泻之，正气虚则补之。）
腹中常鸣，气上冲胸，喘不能久立，邪在大肠，刺肓之原、巨虚上廉、三里。（《九针十二原篇》曰∶肓之原出于脖
。即任脉之下气海也。巨虚上廉、三里，皆足阳明经穴。按∶《本输篇》曰∶大肠属上廉。此以邪在大肠，故当刺巨虚
上廉；若下文之邪在小肠者，则当取巨虚下廉也。）
小腹控睾、引腰脊，上冲心，邪在小肠者，连睾系，属于脊，贯肝肺，络心系。气盛则厥逆，上冲肠胃，熏肝，散
于肓，结于脐。（控，引也。睾，阴丸也。小肠连于小腹，若其邪盛，则厥逆自下上冲心肺，熏于肝胃、引于腰脊，下及
肓脐睾系之间也。肓义详疾病类六十七。睾音高。）故取之肓原以散之，刺太阴以予之，取厥阴以下之，取巨虚下廉以去
之，按其所过之经以调之。（取肓原以散之，散脐腹之结也。刺太阴以予之，补肺经之虚也。取厥阴以下之，泻肝经之实
也。取巨虚下廉以去之，求小肠之所属也。按其所过之经，谓察其邪之所在以调之也。）
善呕，呕有苦，长太息，心中 ，恐人将捕之，邪在胆，逆在胃，胆液泄则口苦，胃气逆则呕苦，故曰呕胆。（
，心虚貌。邪在胆、逆在胃，木乘土也。胆液泄则苦，胃气逆则呕，故呕苦者谓之呕胆。）取三里以下胃气逆，则刺少
阳血络以闭胆逆，却调其虚实以去其邪。（三里，足阳明经穴，故可下胃气之逆。又刺足少阳血络以平其木，则胆液不泄，
故曰以闭胆逆。然必调其虚实，或补或泻，皆可以去其邪也。）
饮食不下，膈塞不通，邪在胃脘，在上脘则刺抑而下之，在下脘则散而去之。（上脘下脘，俱任脉穴，即胃脘也。刺
抑而下之，谓刺上脘以泻其至高之食气。散而去之，谓温下脘以散其停积之寒滞也。针药皆然。）
小腹痛肿，不得小便，邪在三焦约，取之太阳大络，视其络脉与厥阴小络结而血者；肿上及胃脘，取三里。（邪在三
焦约者，三焦下输出于委阳，并足太阳之正，入络膀胱，约下焦也。太阳大络，飞阳穴也。又必视其别络及厥阴小络结
而血者，尽取去之，以足厥阴之经亦抵小腹也。若小腹肿痛上及胃脘者，又当取足阳明之三里穴。）
飧泄，补三阴之上，补阴陵泉，皆久留之，热行乃止。（三阴之上，谓三阴交穴，脾肝肾之会也。阴陵泉，足太阴脾
经穴，补而久留之，则阳气至而热行，热行则泄止矣。）
胀取三阳，飧泄取三阴。
（《灵枢·九针十二原篇》）。胀，腹胀也。飧泄，完谷不化也。病胀者当取足之三阳，即胃、胆、膀胱三经也。飧泄
者当取足之三阴，即脾、肝、肾三经也。飧音孙。）
腹暴满，按之不下，取太阳经络者，胃之募也
（《素问·通评虚实论》。太阳经络，谓手太阳经之络，即任脉之中脘，胃之募也。中脘为手太阳、少阳、足阳明脉
所生，故云太阳经络者。募音暮。）少阴俞，去脊椎三寸旁五，用圆利针。（少阴俞，即肾俞也。肾为胃关，故亦当取之。
系足太阳经穴，去脊两旁各一寸五分，共为三寸，两旁各五 也。刺当用第六之圆利针。）
霍乱，刺俞旁五，（邪在中焦则既吐且泻，脏气反复，神志撩乱，故曰霍乱。俞旁，即上文少阴俞之旁，志室穴也。
亦各刺五 。）足阳明及上旁三。（足阳明，言胃俞也。再及其上之旁，乃脾俞之外，则意舍也。当各刺三 。）
（《素问·气穴论》《长刺节论》《通评虚实论》《灵枢·热病篇》《杂病篇》《四时气篇》《九针十二原篇》）
背部与心脏相互牵引而疼痛，治疗应取天突穴、第十椎节下的中枢穴以及上纪穴。
（出自《素问·气穴论》。天突是任脉的穴位。第十椎节下的中枢穴，属于督脉的中枢部位。这个穴位在大多数医书中没有记载，只有在《素问·气府论》中关于督脉气所发穴位的条目下，王冰注解说：“中枢位于第十椎节之间。”这与本文相符，可以确信无疑。上纪即下文提到的胃脘穴。）所谓上纪，就是胃脘穴（中脘）。所谓下纪，就是关元穴。（胃脘，即中脘穴，是胃的募穴，由手太阳、手少阳、足阳明经气所生，也是任脉的交会穴；关元是小肠的募穴，是足三阴经与任脉的交会穴，所以称为上纪和下纪。）背部和胸部邪气联系阴阳左右的情况就是这样，其病症表现为前后疼痛且伴有涩滞感，胸胁部疼痛导致呼吸不畅、无法平卧，气逆短气且偏侧疼痛，脉象充盈隆起，斜行出于尻骨部位的脉络，联络胸胁，支撑心脏贯穿膈肌，上行至肩部加上天突穴，斜向下行至肩部交汇于第十椎之下。（这里详细解释上文所说的背与心相互牵引而痛，全是由任脉和督脉病变引起的。因为任脉在前，督脉在后，背为阳，腹为阴，所以会出现前后疼痛涩滞等病症。在下部的斜出尻脉，在上部的联络胸胁，支撑心脏贯穿膈肌，上行至肩部加上天突，左右斜下行至肩部，交汇于第十椎之下，所以应当针刺天突、中枢、胃脘、关元等穴位。）
少腹部有积块，针刺皮肤以下部位，从下至少腹部为止，
（出自《素问·长刺节论》。“HT”字，查阅韵书均无此字。全元起本作“髓”字，但在义理上也未必恰当。新校正说应当作“皮”，认为“HT”字是误字，这种说法比较合理。释义说：“，指骨端。”这里说的“皮以下”，大概是指足厥阴肝经的章门、期门二穴，都位于横肋骨的末端。至于下到小腹而止，如足阳明胃经的天枢、归来，足太阴脾经的府舍、冲门，足少阴肾经的气穴、四满，都主治奔豚积聚等疾病。（音括。））针刺脊柱两旁第四椎间的穴位，（这是足太阳膀胱经的厥阴俞穴，是手厥阴心包经脉气所达到的地方。按：《素问·脉要精微论》说：“心为牡脏，小肠为之使，所以说少腹部应当有有形之邪。”既然如此，那么厥阴俞能主治少腹的疾病毫无疑问。）针刺两侧髂骨旁及季胁肋间，引导腹中的热气，热下行则病愈。（腰骨称为髂。两髂旁，是指腰骨两旁的位置。季胁肋间，是京门穴。都是足少阳胆经的穴位。导，即引导。引导腹中的热气下行进入少腹，疾病就会痊愈。髂音格，又读丘亚切。）
少腹部患病，腹痛且大小便不通，病名叫做疝，这是由于受寒引起的，针刺少腹部、两大腿内侧，针刺腰髁骨间，多针刺几次，直到局部感到温热病就好了。（小腹间疼痛且二便不通畅的是疝病，乃寒气所致。当针刺少腹部，是为了去除肝肾的寒气。针刺两腿内侧，是为了去除阳明、太阴经的邪气。针刺腰髁间，凡是腰部在后和在侧的大片骨骼，都称为髁骨。在后面的，是足太阳膀胱经所行的部位。在侧面的，是足少阳胆经所行的部位。这些经脉虽然不直接主寒疝，但只要观察邪气所在的地方，多选取穴位进行针刺，等到少腹部完全感到温热，疾病就会痊愈。髁，苦瓦切。炅，居永切，意为热。）
胸中气满喘息，取足太阴脾经大趾端的穴位，距离爪甲边缘如薤叶宽度处，
（出自《灵枢·热病篇》。足大趾端的穴位是隐白穴。薤音械，形状像韭菜但没有果实。）寒证则留针时间长，热证则快速出针，待气机下行后停止针刺。（内寒者气至缓慢，所以适宜久留针。内热者气至迅速，所以适宜快速去针。总是要等候气机下行不再喘息，才可以停止针刺。）
心疝突发剧痛，取足太阴脾经和足厥阴肝经，彻底针刺以去除其血络中的瘀血。（心疝，如《素问·脉要精微论》所说：“诊察到心脉紧急，病名叫做心疝，少腹部应当有有形之邪。”取足太阴、足厥阴经并彻底针刺去除血络中的瘀血，是因为这两条经脉都汇聚于少腹部，去除络脉中的瘀血，就是用来疏散邪气的方法。）
体内发热且喘息，取足少阴肾经和委中穴的血络。
（出自《灵枢·杂病篇》。体内发热且喘息，是热邪在中焦和二焦。取足少阴肾经，是为了壮水以制约火邪。委中穴的血络，即足太阳膀胱经的委中穴，取用它可以泻火。）
小腹胀满增大，向上走窜至胃部直至心脏，身体时时感到寒冷和发热，小便不利，取足厥阴肝经。（淅淅，形容寒冷肃杀的样子。肝经的脉络抵少腹夹胃，其分支从肝脏别出贯穿膈肌，所以生病会如此，应当取足厥阴肝经来针刺。淅音昔。）
腹部胀满，大便不通畅，腹部膨大且向上走窜至胸部咽喉，喘息声粗重，取足少阴肾经。（肾开窍于二阴，其经脉从肾脏上行贯穿肝脏和膈肌进入肺中，沿着喉咙，所以生病会如此，应当取足少阴肾经来针刺。喝喝，形容喘急的样子。嗌音益。）
腹部胀满，食物不消化，腹部鸣响，不能大便，取足太阴脾经。（脾失去正常职能，则食物不能消化，腹部胀满且鸣响，气滞于中，大便不调，应当取足太阴脾经来针刺。）
气逆向上，针刺胸中凹陷处和下部胸部的动脉。（胸中凹陷处，是足阳明胃经的屋翳穴。下部胸部动脉，是手太阴肺经的中府穴。因为在中间称为胸，胸的旁边就称为下胸。）
腹痛针刺肚脐左右的动脉，针刺后按压患处，疼痛立即停止；如果不停，针刺气街穴，针刺后按压患处，疼痛立即停止。（肚脐左右的动脉，如足少阴肾经的肓俞，足阳明胃经的天枢，都主治腹痛。气街，即足阳明胃经的气冲穴。）
肠道不通畅，取足三里穴，实证用泻法，虚证用补法。
（出自《灵枢·四时气篇》。小肠不通畅是不能化物，大肠不通畅是不能传导，大肠和小肠都隶属于胃，所以应当取足阳明胃经的足三里穴，邪气盛则用泻法，正气虚则用补法。）
腹部常鸣响，气向上冲撞胸部，喘息不能久立，邪气在大肠，针刺肓之原穴、巨虚上廉穴、足三里穴。（《灵枢·九针十二原篇》说：“肓之原出于脖胦。”即任脉的下气海穴。巨虚上廉、足三里，都是足阳明胃经的穴位。按：《灵枢·本输篇》说：“大肠属上廉。”这里因为邪气在大肠，所以应当针刺巨虚上廉；如果下文说的是邪气在小肠，则应当取巨虚下廉穴。）
小腹部牵引睾丸、牵连腰脊，气向上冲撞心脏，邪气在小肠的，连接睾丸系带，归属于脊柱，贯穿肝肺，联络心系。气盛则发生厥逆，向上冲撞肠胃，熏蒸肝脏，散布于肓膜，结聚于脐部。（控，牵引的意思。睾，指阴丸。小肠连于小腹，如果邪气盛，则厥逆自下向上冲撞心肺，熏蒸肝胃，牵引腰脊，下及肓膜、脐部和睾丸系带之间。肓的含义详见疾病类第六十七节。睾音高。）所以取肓之原穴以消散结聚，针刺足太阴脾经以补益肺气，取足厥阴肝经以引降气机，取巨虚下廉穴以祛除邪气，按照邪气经过的经脉来调理。（取肓之原穴以消散它，是消散脐腹的结聚。刺足太阴以补益它，是补肺经的虚损。取足厥阴以引降它，是泻肝经的实邪。取巨虚下廉以祛除它，是寻求小肠所属的经络。按照邪气经过的经脉，是说观察邪气所在之处来调理它。）
容易呕吐，呕吐物有苦味，经常叹气，心中空虚恐惧，好像有人要抓捕自己，邪气在胆，逆乱在胃，胆液外泄则口苦，胃气上逆则呕吐苦水，所以叫做呕胆。（，指心中空虚的样子。邪气在胆，逆乱在胃，是木乘土的现象。胆液外泄则口苦，胃气上逆则呕吐，所以呕吐苦水的叫做呕胆。）取足三里穴以降逆胃气，然后针刺足少阳胆经的血络以遏制胆气上逆，进而调理虚实以祛除邪气。（三里，是足阳明胃经的穴位，所以可以降胃气的逆乱。又针刺足少阳胆经的血络以平息木气，则胆液不外泄，所以说是以遏制胆气上逆。然而必须调理虚实，或补或泻，都可以祛除邪气。）
饮食不下，膈塞不通，邪气在胃脘，如果在上脘则针刺以抑制并引导下行，如果在下脘则散除并祛除邪气。（上脘和下脘，都是任脉的穴位，也就是胃脘。针刺以抑制并引导下行，是说针刺上脘以泻除至高处的食气。散除并祛除邪气，是说温煦下脘以散除停积的寒滞。针灸和药物都是这样治疗的。）
小腹部肿痛，不能小便，邪气在三焦约束，取足太阳膀胱经的大络，观察络脉与足厥阴肝经的小络结合而有瘀血的地方；如果肿胀上延至胃脘，取足三里穴。（邪气在三焦约束的，三焦下输出于委阳穴，并入足太阳膀胱经的正经，入络膀胱，约束下焦。太阳大络，是飞阳穴。又必须观察其别络及足厥阴肝经的小络结合而有瘀血的地方，全部取出来，因为足厥阴肝经也抵少腹。如果小腹肿痛上延至胃脘的，又应当取足阳明胃经的足三里穴。）
完谷不化的泄泻，补三阴之上的穴位，补阴陵泉穴，都要久留针，直到感觉热气运行才停止。（三阴之上，指三阴交穴，是脾、肝、肾三经的交会穴。阴陵泉，是足太阴脾经的穴位，补法并久留针，则阳气到达而热气运行，热气运行则泄泻停止。）
胀病取足三阳经，完谷不化的泄泻取足三阴经。
（出自《灵枢·九针十二原篇》）。胀，指腹胀。飧泄，指完谷不化。患胀病的应当取足部的三条阳经，即胃、胆、膀胱三条经。患飧泄的应当取足部的三条阴经，即脾、肝、肾三条经。飧音孙。）
腹部突然胀满，按压不能消退，取足太阳膀胱经的络穴，即胃的募穴
（出自《素问·通评虚实论》。太阳经络，指手太阳小肠经的络穴，即任脉的中脘穴，是胃的募穴。中脘是手太阳、手少阳、足阳明经气所生，所以说太阳经络者。募音暮。）少阴俞穴，距离脊椎旁开三寸五分，使用圆利针。（少阴俞，即肾俞穴。肾是胃的关口，所以也应当取用。它是足太阳膀胱经的穴位，距离脊柱两旁各一寸五分，合起来是三寸，两旁各五分的距离。针刺应当使用第六号圆利针。）
霍乱，针刺俞穴旁开五分，（邪气在中焦则既吐且泻，脏气反复，神志撩乱，所以叫做霍乱。俞旁，即上文少阴俞的旁边，是志室穴。也都各刺五分。）足阳明胃经及上方旁开的穴位各三分。（足阳明，指胃俞穴。再及其上方的旁边，在脾俞的外侧，则是意舍穴。应当各刺三分。）
(From *Suwen: Qixue Lun*, *Chang Cijie Lun*, *Tongping Xushi Lun*; *Lingshu: Rebing Pian*, *Zabing Pian*, *Sishi Qi Pian*, *Jiuzhen Shier Yuan Pian*)
Pain in the back and heart that pulls each other should be treated by needling Tianchu (CV22), Zhongshu (DU10, located at the level of the 10th thoracic vertebra), and Shangji (Zhongwan, CV12).
(From *Suwen: Qixue Lun*. Tianchu is an acupoint of the Ren Mai. Zhongshu at the 10th thoracic vertebra belongs to the Du Mai. This point is not recorded in most texts; only in the commentary of Wang Bing on *Suwen: Qifu Lun* under the section of points where Qi of the Du Mai emerges does it state: "Zhongshu is between the segments of the 10th vertebra." This coincides with the text here and can be confirmed without doubt. Shangji refers to Zhongwan as mentioned below.) Shangji refers to Zhongwan (CV12). Xiaji refers to Guanyuan (CV4). (Zhongwan is the Front-Mu point of the Stomach, generated by the Qi of the Hand-Taiyang, Hand-Shaoyang, and Foot-Yangming meridians, and is a meeting point of the Ren Mai; Guanyuan is the Front-Mu point of the Small Intestine, a meeting point of the Foot-Sanyin and Ren Mai meridians, hence called Shangji and Xiaji.) Thus, the pathological connection of Yin and Yang on the left and right between the back and chest is as follows: the symptoms include pain and astringency in the front and back, pain in the chest and hypochondrium causing dyspnea and inability to lie down, shortness of breath with unilateral pain, full and protruding pulses slanting out from the Kaibone region, connecting the chest and hypochondrium, supporting the Heart and piercing through the Diaphragm, ascending to the shoulder adding Tianchu, and slanting down to the shoulder intersecting below the 10th vertebra. (This elaborates on the previous statement that pain pulling between the back and heart is entirely due to diseases of the Ren and Du meridians. Since Ren is anterior and Du is posterior, Back is Yang and Abdomen is Yin, thus causing symptoms like pain and astringency in the front and back. The pulse slanting out from the Kaibone below connects the chest and hypochondrium above, supports the Heart and pierces the Diaphragm, ascends to the shoulder adding Tianchu, and slants down to the shoulder intersecting below the 10th vertebra; therefore, one should needle Tianchu, Zhongshu, Zhongwan, and Guanyuan.)
For accumulations in the lower abdomen, needle the skin area downwards stopping at the lower abdomen.
(From *Suwen: Chang Cijie Lun*. The character "HT" is absent in rhyme books. Quan Yuanqi's version reads "Sui" (Marrow), but this is not logically sound. The New Correction states it should be "Pi" (Skin), considering "HT" a typo, which is reasonable. The explanation says "refers to bone ends." Here, "below the skin" likely refers to Zhangmen (LR13) and Qimen (LR14) of the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian, both located at the ends of the floating ribs. "Stopping at the lower abdomen" refers to Tianshu (ST25) and Guilai (ST29) of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, Fushhe (SP15) and Chongmen (SP12) of the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian, Qixue (KI14) and Siman (KI15) of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, all of which treat Ben Tun (fleeing pig) and accumulations. [Sound: Kuo].) Needle the spaces between the fourth vertebrae on both sides of the spine. (These are Jueyin Shu (BL18) of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian, where the Qi of the Hand-Jueyin Pericardium Meridian reaches. According to *Suwen: Maiyao Jingwei Lun*: "The Heart is a Yang organ, and the Small Intestine is its envoy, therefore there should be tangible signs in the lower abdomen." Thus, Jueyin Shu undoubtedly treats lower abdominal diseases.) Needle the areas beside the two Iliac bones and between the costal margins, guiding the Qi in the abdomen so that heat descends and the disease resolves. (The lumbar bone is called Iliac. The areas beside the two Iliacs refer to the positions beside the lumbar bones. The space between the costal margins is Jingmen (GB25), acupoints of the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. Dao means to guide. Guiding the heat in the abdomen downward into the lower abdomen will cure the disease. Iliac sounds like Ge, or Qiu Ya.)
For diseases in the lower abdomen involving abdominal pain and inability to urinate or defecate, the disease is named Shan (Hernia), caused by cold. Needle the lower abdomen, the space between the thighs, and the space between the lumbar condyles. Needle frequently until warmth is felt and the disease resolves. (Abdominal pain in the lower abdomen with obstruction of urine and stool is Shan disease, caused by cold pathogen. Needling the lower abdomen removes cold from the Liver and Kidney. Needling the space between the thighs removes pathogens from the Yangming and Taiyin meridians. Needling the lumbar condyle area: any large flat bone in the posterior or lateral waist is called a condyle bone. The posterior part is where the Foot-Taiyang meridian travels. The lateral part is where the Foot-Shaoyang meridian travels. Although these meridians do not primarily govern cold Shan, observe the location of the pathogen, select multiple points, and needle until the lower abdomen feels warm, then the disease resolves. Condyle sounds like Ku Wa. Jiong sounds like Ju Yong, meaning heat.)
For fullness in the chest with wheezing, take the end of the Great Toe of the Foot-Taiyin meridian, at a distance from the nail edge like the width of a leek leaf.
(From *Lingshu: Rebing Pian*. The end of the great toe is Yinbai (SP1). Xie sounds like Xie, resembling a leek but without bulbs.) In cold conditions, retain the needle for a long time; in heat conditions, remove it quickly. Stop when the Qi descends. (Internal cold causes slow Qi arrival, so prolonged retention is suitable. Internal heat causes fast Qi arrival, so quick removal is suitable. Wait until the Qi descends and wheezing stops before removing the needle.)
For sudden severe pain of Xin Shan (Heart Hernia), take the Foot-Taiyin and Foot-Jueyin meridians, and thoroughly needle to drain their blood collaterals. (Xin Shan, as stated in *Suwen: Maiyao Jingwei Lun*: "If the Heart pulse is rapid and urgent, the disease is named Xin Shan, and there should be tangible signs in the lower abdomen." Taking the Foot-Taiyin and Foot-Jueyin meridians and thoroughly draining the blood collaterals works because these two meridians converge in the lower abdomen; draining collateral blood disperses the pathogen.)
For internal heat with wheezing, take the Foot-Shaoyin meridian and the blood collaterals at Weizhong.
(From *Lingshu: Zabing Pian*. Internal heat with wheezing indicates heat in the Middle and Upper Jiao. Taking the Foot-Shaoyin strengthens Water to control Fire. The blood collaterals at Weizhong refer to Weizhong (BL40) of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian, which can clear fire.)
For lower abdominal distension and enlargement extending upwards to the stomach and heart, accompanied by chills and fever, and difficulty urinating, take the Foot-Jueyin meridian. (Xi Xi describes a chilly sensation. The Liver meridian reaches the lower abdomen and flanks the stomach; its branch diverges from the Liver, pierces the Diaphragm, thus causing such symptoms. One should needle the Foot-Jueyin meridian. Xi sounds like Xi.)
For abdominal distension, constipation, abdominal enlargement extending upwards to the chest and throat, and loud wheezing, take the Foot-Shaoyin meridian. (The Kidney opens into the two orifices; its meridian ascends from the Kidney, passes through the Liver and Diaphragm into the Lung, and follows the throat, thus causing such symptoms. One should needle the Foot-Shaoyin meridian. He He describes rapid breathing. Yi sounds like Yi.)
For abdominal distension, indigestion, rumbling abdomen, and inability to defecate, take the Foot-Taiyin meridian. (When the Spleen loses its function, food cannot be transformed, leading to abdominal distension and rumbling, Qi stagnation in the middle, and irregular bowel movements. One should needle the Foot-Taiyin meridian.)
For rebellious Qi ascending, needle the depressions in the Ying (chest) and the arteries in the lower chest. (The depression in the Ying is Wuyi (ST15) of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. The artery in the lower chest is Zhongfu (LU1) of the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. What is in the center is called Chest; the sides of the Chest are called Lower Chest.)
For abdominal pain, needle the arteries on the left and right of the umbilicus. Press after needling; pain stops immediately. If not, needle Qiejie (Qichong); press after needling; pain stops immediately. (The arteries on the left and right of the umbilicus include Hanyu (KI13) of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian and Tianshu (ST25) of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, both treating abdominal pain. Qiejie refers to Qichong (ST30) of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian.)
For intestinal obstruction, take Zusanli (ST36). Use reducing method for excess, tonifying method for deficiency.
(From *Lingshu: Sishi Qi Pian*. Obstruction of the Small Intestine implies inability to transform substances; obstruction of the Large Intestine implies inability to transmit waste. Both belong to the Stomach, so one should take Zusanli (ST36) of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. Reduce if pathogenic Qi is excess; tonify if Healthy Qi is deficient.)
For frequent abdominal rumbling, Qi rushing up to the chest, wheezing preventing standing for long periods, with pathogen in the Large Intestine, needle the Yuan source of Hu (Belly Oil), Jubian Shanglian (Shangjuxu ST37), and Zusanli (ST36). (*Lingshu: Jiuzhen Shier Yuan Pian* states: "The Yuan source of Hu originates from Bo Yang," which is Xiaguhai (CV6) of the Ren Mai. Jubian Shanglian and Zusanli are acupoints of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. According to *Lingshu: Benshu*: "The Large Intestine belongs to Shanglian." Since the pathogen is in the Large Intestine, needle Jubian Shanglian; if the pathogen were in the Small Intestine as in the following text, one would take Jubian Xialian (Xiajuxu ST39).)
For lower abdominal pain pulling to the testicles, connecting to the lumbar spine, and Qi rushing up to the Heart, where the pathogen is in the Small Intestine, connecting the testicular ligaments, belonging to the spine, penetrating the Liver and Lungs, and linking to the Heart system. Excess Qi causes reversal and upward rush to the stomach and intestines, steaming the Liver, spreading to the Hu membrane, and knotting at the umbilicus. (Kong means pulling. Gao refers to the testicles. The Small Intestine connects to the lower abdomen; if pathogen is excessive, reversal rushes upward from below to the Heart and Lungs, steams the Liver and Stomach, pulls the lumbar spine, and extends to the Hu membrane, umbilicus, and testicular ligaments. See Disease Category 67 for the meaning of Hu. Gao sounds like Gao.) Therefore, take the Yuan source of Hu to disperse it, needle the Taiyin to tonify it, take the Jueyin to descend it, take Jubian Xialian to eliminate it, and regulate according to the meridians passed. (Taking the Yuan source of Hu disperses knots in the umbilical and abdominal regions. Needling Taiyin tonifies Lung deficiency. Taking Jueyin descends Liver excess. Taking Jubian Xialian targets the Small Intestine. Regulating according to passed meridians means observing the pathogen's location to regulate.)
For frequent vomiting with bitter taste, frequent sighing, feeling empty and fearful in the Heart as if being pursued, where the pathogen is in the Gallbladder and rebellion is in the Stomach, bile leakage causes bitterness, and Stomach Qi rebellion causes vomiting of bitter fluid, hence called Ou Dan (Vomiting Gallbladder). (Describes a feeling of emptiness. Pathogen in Gallbladder and rebellion in Stomach is Wood overacting on Earth. Bile leakage causes bitterness; Stomach Qi rebellion causes vomiting, hence vomiting bitter fluid is called Ou Dan.) Take Zusanli (ST36) to descend rebellious Stomach Qi, then needle the blood collaterals of the Shaoyang to close Gallbladder rebellion, and subsequently regulate deficiency and excess to eliminate the pathogen. (Zusanli is a Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian point, capable of descending Stomach Qi. Needling Foot-Shaoyang blood collaterals calms Wood, preventing bile leakage, thus closing Gallbladder rebellion. However, one must regulate deficiency and excess, whether tonifying or reducing, to eliminate the pathogen.)
For inability to eat, blockage in the diaphragm, where the pathogen is in the Wei Wan (Stomach Epigastrium), if in Shangwan (CV13), needle to suppress and direct downward; if in Xiawan (CV10), scatter and remove it. (Shangwan and Xiawan are Ren Mai points, also known as Wei Wan. Suppressing and directing downward means needling Shangwan to reduce high-standing food Qi. Scattering and removing means warming Xiawan to dissipate stagnant cold. This applies to both acupuncture and herbs.)
For lower abdominal swelling and pain with inability to urinate, where the pathogen is in the constraint of the Sanjiao, take the Da Luo (Great Collateral) of the Taiyang, observing collaterals connected with small collaterals of the Jueyin containing blood stasis; if swelling extends to the epigastrium, take Zusanli (ST36). (Pathogen in Sanjiao constraint: Sanjiao exits downward at Weiyang (BL39), joins the Zheng channel of the Foot-Taiyang, enters and links to the Bladder, constraining the Lower Jiao. The Da Luo of Taiyang is Feiyang (BL58). Also observe its branch collaterals and small collaterals of the Jueyin with blood stasis and remove them, as the Foot-Jueyin meridian also reaches the lower abdomen. If lower abdominal swelling and pain extend to the epigastrium, take Zusanli (ST36) of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian.)
For Sundry diarrhea (Sun Xie) with undigested food, tonify the upper point of Sanyin, tonify Yinlingquan (SP9), retaining the needle for a long time until heat is felt. (The upper point of Sanyin refers to Sanyinjiao (SP6), the meeting point of the Spleen, Liver, and Kidney meridians. Yinlingquan is a Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian point. Tonifying and retaining the needle allows Yang Qi to arrive and heat to circulate; once heat circulates, diarrhea stops.)
For distension, take the Three Yang meridians; for Sundry diarrhea, take the Three Yin meridians.
(From *Lingshu: Jiuzhen Shier Yuan Pian*). Distension refers to abdominal distension. Sun Xie refers to undigested food in stool. For distension, take the Three Yang meridiors of the foot, i.e., Stomach, Gallbladder, and Bladder meridians. For Sun Xie, take the Three Yin meridians of the foot, i.e., Spleen, Liver, and Kidney meridians. Sun sounds like Sun.)
For sudden abdominal fullness that does not yield to pressure, take the Luo-Connecting point of the Taiyang meridian, which is the Mu-Alarm point of the Stomach.
(From *Suwen: Tongping Xushi Lun*. The Taiyang Luo point refers to the Luo point of the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian, which is Zhongwan (CV12), the Mu-Alarm point of the Stomach. Zhongwan is generated by the Qi of the Hand-Taiyang, Hand-Shaoyang, and Foot-Yangming meridians, hence called Taiyang Luo. Mu sounds like Mu.) Shao Yin Shu (Kidney Shu BL23), located three cun five fen lateral to the spine, use a Yuanli needle. (Shao Yin Shu is Kidney Shu (BL23). The Kidney is the gate of the Stomach, so it should also be taken. It is a Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian point, one inch five fen lateral to each side of the spine, totaling three cun, and five fen lateral. Use the sixth type, Yuanli needle.)
For Huo Luan (Cholera-like syndrome), needle five fen lateral to the Shu points. (Pathogen in the Middle Jiao causes both vomiting and diarrhea, chaotic Zang-Fu Qi and spirit, hence called Huo Luan. Shu pang refers to the area five fen lateral to Shao Yin Shu mentioned above, which is Zhishi (BL52). Needle five fen on each side.) Foot-Yangming and the three points above laterally. (Foot-Yangming refers to Weishu (BL21). The points above laterally are Yishe (BL49), outside Pishu (BL20). Needle three fen on each.)