（牙痈 骨槽风 牙疳 多骨疽附）
齿为肾之标，舌乃心之苗，故齿舌多心肾见症。条而析之，上齿则胃络所经，喜寒饮而恶热饮。下齿
则大肠络所贯，嚼物能动，喜热饮而恶寒饮。其为病，或痛摇宣露，疏豁枯落，不外风火虫虚。其风热痛，
齿龈肿，犀角升麻汤，荆芥煎汁含漱。风冷痛，龈不肿，日渐动摇，温风散，以开笑散含漱。肠胃积热痛，
龈肿腐臭，凉膈散加石膏。客寒犯脑，齿连头俱痛，羌活附子汤、细辛散。温邪上冒，痛连巅顶，玉女煎。
少阳火郁，结核龈痛，羚羊角、山栀、丹皮、元参、金银花、连翘、知母。痰火注络攻痛，二陈汤加细辛、
枳壳。瘀血攻龈，痛如针刺，加减甘露饮，以醋煎五灵脂含漱。齿龈有孔，虫蚀龋痛，一笑散，定痛散噙漱。
龈腮俱痛，连头面肿者，实火也。升麻石膏汤。齿龈肿痛，头面不肿者，虚火也。滋阴抑火汤。齿龈黑烂，
由肾虚者，安肾丸。胃火上攻，齿缝出血者，清胃散。齿龈腐烂，血出不止者，犀角地黄汤，掺人中白散。
牙宣出血，丝瓜藤烧灰搽效。牙挺出一二分，常咋生地黄炒。牙日长出，妨食，名髓溢。白术煎汤效。牙
痈由阳明毒热，先刺出血，后服清胃散。骨槽风名穿腮毒，生耳下及项，由小核渐大如胡桃，齿龈肿痛，
牙关紧急，用鹅翎探吐风痰，内服黄连解毒汤、仙方活命饮加柴胡、桔梗、元参、黄芩。忌刀针点药。若肾
元虚，牙龈宣露动摇，宜大补。六味丸，还少丹。又小儿牙疳口疮，其色通白，及为风疳蚀透。僵蚕炒黄，
去毛研末，蜜调服效。齿龈突出 肉，生地汁一杯，皂角数片，炙
热淬汁内，再炙再淬，晒研服效，齿 乃睡中上下齿相摩有声，由胃热也。齿 由食酸也。嚼胡桃肉良。
又齿龈或上 生多骨疽，肿硬腐脱，属肾虚，肾主骨也。补中汤、肾气丸多服，其骨自出。骨脱后仍服补剂。
若生他处，根据法治之。此皆齿所生病也。舌病多属心，木舌由心经壅热，舌肿大塞口，不能转掉，不急治。
杀人。黄连汤，清热如圣散，琥珀犀角膏。外以针刺令血出则肿消，再敷药。龙脑破毒散，又硼砂末以生姜片
蘸揩效。重舌，亦由心火太盛，舌根下生，形如小舌，口不能声，饮食不入，急泻心火，青黛散掺之，内服黄
连汤。外以针刺出恶血。以竹沥调黄柏末涂搽。舌菌，生舌上，如菌状，色红紫，多因气郁所致。舌症主方，
掺青黛散。舌垫，舌下肿起核，舌垫方。舌出不收，片脑末掺舌上，应手而缩。产妇舌出不收，朱砂敷舌上。
舌肿硬，血出如涌泉，蒲黄散。不硬但肿痛流血，凉血清脾饮、犀角地黄汤。舌肿满口，蒲黄散。舌猝肿满口，
如猪脬，不治杀人。醋调釜底墨涂舌下，脱则更敷即消。舌卷囊缩，为肝绝，死。舌生苔，由邪气传里，津液
结搏。邪在表，舌无苔。邪初传里，胸中之寒，与丹田热火相激，则苔生而滑，迨寒变为热，则舌苔不滑而涩，
以热耗津液，滑者已干也。再热聚于胃，则苔黄；至热已极，则苔黑。黑为肾色，病传少阴。若舌淡黑，如
淡墨，乃肾虚火炎，为无根之火。若生芒刺，皆由热结。用绢蘸薄荷汁揩之。舌心绛干，胃热心营受灼也；
舌尖绛干，心火上炎也。点，当生疳也。苔如碱，胃中宿滞也；白如粉而
滑，边色紫绛，温疫病初入募原也。舌无苔，而有如烟煤隐隐者，不渴肢寒，阴病也。黑而短缩，肾气竭也。
黑而滑者，水来克火，为阴症。当温之。淡红无色，胃津伤也。炙甘草汤。
牙齿是肾脏的外在表现，舌头是心脏的苗窍，因此齿舌的疾病多与心、肾两脏有关。详细分析如下：上齿为胃经络脉所经过，喜欢冷饮而厌恶热饮；下齿为大肠经络脉所贯穿，咀嚼食物时容易动摇，喜欢热饮而厌恶冷饮。其致病原因，或疼痛动摇、牙龈萎缩暴露、牙齿稀疏枯落，不外乎风、火、虫、虚四种因素。若是风热引起的疼痛，伴有牙龈肿胀，可用犀角升麻汤，或用荆芥煎汁含漱；若是风冷引起的疼痛，牙龈不肿，但日渐动摇，可用温风散，或以开笑散含漱。肠胃积热引起的疼痛，牙龈肿胀且腐臭，用凉膈散加石膏。客寒侵犯脑部，牙齿牵连头部一起疼痛，用羌活附子汤、细辛散。温热邪气上犯，疼痛牵连头顶，用玉女煎。少阳经火郁结，淋巴结肿大伴牙龈疼痛，用羚羊角、山栀、丹皮、元参、金银花、连翘、知母。痰火注入手足阳明经络攻痛，用二陈汤加细辛、枳壳。瘀血攻冲牙龈，疼痛如针刺，用加减甘露饮，以醋煎煮五灵脂含漱。牙龈上有孔洞，被虫蚀导致龋齿疼痛，用一笑散、定痛散噙漱。牙龈和腮部都疼痛，并牵连头面部肿胀的，属于实火，用升麻石膏汤。牙龈肿痛但头面部不肿胀的，属于虚火，用滋阴抑火汤。牙龈黑烂，由肾虚引起的，用安肾丸。胃火上攻，导致齿缝出血的，用清胃散。牙龈腐烂，出血不止的，用犀角地黄汤，并掺入人中白散。牙宣（牙龈萎缩）出血，用丝瓜藤烧成灰搽患处有效。牙齿挺出一二分长，经常咬到生地黄炒制后嚼食有效。牙齿每日长出，妨碍进食，名为髓溢，用白术煎汤有效。牙痈由阳明毒热引起，先刺破出血，后服用清胃散。骨槽风又名穿腮毒，生于耳下及颈部，由小核逐渐增大如胡桃大小，伴有牙龈肿痛、牙关紧急，用鹅翎探吐风痰，内服黄连解毒汤、仙方活命饮加柴胡、桔梗、元参、黄芩。忌用刀针点药。若肾元虚弱，牙龈萎缩暴露、动摇，宜大补，用六味丸、还少丹。另外小儿牙疳口疮，颜色通白，以及因风疳侵蚀透骨的，用僵蚕炒黄，去毛研末，蜂蜜调服有效。牙龈突出肉芽，用地生地汁一杯，皂角数片，炙热后淬入汁中，再炙再淬，晒干研末服用有效。齿齘（磨牙）是睡中上下牙齿相磨有声，由胃热引起。齿齲（咬牙紧）由吃酸物引起，嚼胡桃肉良效。另外牙龈或上面生长多骨疽，肿胀坚硬、腐烂脱落，属于肾虚，因为肾主骨，多服补中汤、肾气丸，骨头自然排出。骨脱后仍继续服用补剂。若生在别处，根据此法治之。这些都是牙齿所生的疾病。舌病多属于心，木舌由心经壅滞热盛，舌头肿大塞住口腔，不能转动，若不急治，会杀人。用黄连汤、清热如圣散、琥珀犀角膏。外用针刺令出血则消肿，再敷药。龙脑破毒散，又用硼砂末以生姜片蘸取揩擦有效。重舌，也是由心火太盛，舌根下生出，形状像小舌头，口不能发声，饮食不入，需急泻心火，用青黛散掺之，内服黄连汤。外用针刺出恶血。用竹沥调黄柏末涂搽。舌菌，生在舌上，如菌状，色红紫，多因气郁所致。舌症主方，掺青黛散。舌垫，舌下肿起硬核，用舌垫方。舌头伸出不能收回，用片脑末掺在舌上，应手而缩回。产妇舌头伸出不能收回，用朱砂敷在舌上。舌肿硬，出血如涌泉，用蒲黄散。不硬但肿痛流血，用凉血清脾饮、犀角地黄汤。舌肿满口，用蒲黄散。舌猝然肿胀满口，像猪膀胱一样，不治会杀人。用醋调釜底墨涂在舌下，脱落后再敷即消。舌卷囊缩，为肝绝证，死证。舌生苔，由邪气传入体内，津液凝结搏结。邪气在表，舌无苔。邪气初传里，胸中之寒与丹田热火相激，则生苔且滑，等到寒变为热，则舌苔不滑而涩，因为热耗伤津液，滑者已经变干。再热聚于胃，则苔黄；至热极，则苔黑。黑为肾色，病传少阴。若舌淡黑，如淡墨，乃肾虚火炎，为无根之火。若生芒刺，皆由热结。用绢蘸薄荷汁揩之。舌心绛干，是胃热心营受灼；舌尖绛干，是心火上炎。点，应当生疳。苔如碱，是胃中宿滞；白如粉而滑，边色紫绛，是温疫病初入募原。舌无苔，而有如烟煤隐隐者，不渴肢寒，属阴病。黑而短缩，是肾气竭。黑而滑者，是水来克火，为阴症，当温之。淡红无色，是胃津伤，用炙甘草汤。
(Aphtha of Teeth, Bone Trench Wind, Gangrene of Teeth, Multiple Bone Abscess Attached)
The teeth are the external manifestation of the Kidney (Shen), and the tongue is the sprout of the Heart (Xin); therefore, diseases of the teeth and tongue often involve symptoms of both the Heart and Kidney. Analyzing them in detail: The upper teeth are traversed by the collaterals of the Stomach Meridian, favoring cold drinks and disliking hot ones. The lower teeth are penetrated by the collaterals of the Large Intestine Meridian; they move when chewing food, favoring hot drinks and disliking cold ones. Their pathology, whether involving pain, loosening, recession, sparseness, or withering/falling out, does not exceed the factors of Wind, Fire, Worms, and Deficiency. If caused by Wind-Heat pain with swollen gums, use Xijiao Shengma Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Cimicifuga Decoction), or rinse with decoction of Jingjie (Schizonepeta). If caused by Wind-Cold pain with non-swollen gums but progressive loosening, use Wenfeng San (Warm Wind Powder) or rinse with Kaixiao San (Open Smile Powder). For pain due to accumulation of Heat in the Intestines and Stomach with swollen and foul-smelling gums, use Liangge San (Cool the Diaphragm Powder) with added Gypsum. For pathogenic Cold invading the brain causing teeth and head pain together, use Qianghuo Fuzi Tang (Notopterygium and Aconite Decoction) or Xixin San (Asarum Powder). For Warm Pathogen attacking upwards causing pain radiating to the vertex, use Yunnv Jian (Jade Maiden Decoction). For Stagnant Fire in the Shaoyang Meridian with lymph node swelling and gum pain, use Antelope Horn, Gardenia, Moutan Bark, Scrophularia Root, Honeysuckle Flower, Forsythia Fruit, and Anemarrhena Rhizome. For Phlegm-Fire attacking the meridians causing pain, use Erchen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) with added Asarum and Aurantium Fruit. For Blood Stasis attacking the gums causing needle-like pain, use Jiajian Ganlu Yin (Modified Sweet Dew Drink), rinsing with Wulingzhi (Trogopterus Dung) decocted in vinegar. For holes in the gums causing caries pain from worms, use Yixiao San (One Smile Powder) and Dingtong San (Stop Pain Powder) for holding/rinsing. For pain in both gums and cheeks with swelling of the head and face, this is Excess Fire; use Shengma Shigao Tang (Cimicifuga and Gypsum Decoction). For swollen and painful gums without head/face swelling, this is Deficient Fire; use Ziyin Huohuo Tang (Nourish Yin and Suppress Fire Decoction). For black and rotting gums due to Kidney Deficiency, use Anshen Wan (Kidney-Anchoring Pill). For bleeding from interdental spaces due to Stomach Fire attacking upwards, use Qingwei San (Clear Stomach Powder). For rotting gums with uncontrolled bleeding, use Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) and sprinkle Renzhongbai (Calcinus Urinae) powder. For bleeding from periodontal disease (Yaxuan), applying ash from burnt Luffa Vine is effective. For teeth protruding one or two fen, chewing fried Raw Rehmannia Root frequently is effective. For teeth growing daily, interfering with eating, named "Marrow Overflow," decoction of Atractylodes Macrocephala is effective. Aphtha of teeth caused by Yangming Toxic Heat should first be pricked to bleed, then Qingwei San (Clear Stomach Powder) is taken. Bone Trench Wind, also called Cheek-Piercing Toxin, arises below the ear and neck, starting as a small nodule growing to the size of a walnut, with swollen/painful gums and trismus. Use a goose feather to induce vomiting of wind-phlegm, and internally take Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Detoxification Decoction) and Xianfang Huoming Yin (Immortal Formula for Preserving Life Decoction) with added Bupleurum, Platycodon, Scrophularia, and Scutellaria. Knife needles and topical medicines are contraindicated. If Kidney Yuan is deficient with receding, loose gums, major tonification is suitable: Liuwei Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill) and Huanshao Dan (Return to Youth Pill). Additionally, for pediatric gangrene of teeth and mouth ulcers appearing all white, or eroded through by Wind-Gangrene, fried Bombyx Batryticatus (Stiff Silkworm), de-haired and powdered, mixed with honey, is effective. For flesh protruding from gums, mix juice of Raw Rehmannia Root with slices of Gleditsia Sinensis, heat-quench repeatedly, dry, powder, and take. Chi Xi (Teeth Grinding) is the sound of upper and lower teeth grinding during sleep, caused by Stomach Heat. Chi Ju (Gnashing Teeth) is caused by consuming sour foods; chewing Walnut meat is good. Furthermore, if multiple bone abscesses grow on the gums, presenting as hard swelling that suppurates and sheds, it belongs to Kidney Deficiency because the Kidney governs bones. Frequent intake of Buzhong Tang (Tonify the Middle Decoction) and Shenqi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill) will cause the bone to expel itself naturally. Continue tonics after bone expulsion. If occurring elsewhere, treat according to these principles. These are all diseases of the teeth. Tongue diseases mostly belong to the Heart. Mu She (Wooden Tongue) is caused by congestion and heat in the Heart Meridian, resulting in a swollen tongue blocking the mouth unable to move; if not treated urgently, it can be fatal. Use Huanglian Tang (Coptis Decoction), Qingre Rusheng San (Heat-Clearing Like Sage Powder), and Hupo Xijiao Gao (Amber and Rhinoceros Horn Paste). Externally, prick with needles to bleed to reduce swelling, then apply medicine. Longnao Podu San (Borneol Poison-Breaking Powder) is effective, as is rubbing Borax powder with Ginger slice. Chong She (Double Tongue) is also caused by excessive Heart Fire, growing under the root of the tongue like a small tongue, preventing speech and swallowing; urgently purge Heart Fire, sprinkle Qingdai San (Indigo Naturalis Powder), and internally take Huanglian Tang (Coptis Decoction). Externally prick to release bad blood. Apply Phellodendron powder mixed with Bamboo Sap. She Jun (Tongue Fungus) grows on the tongue, fungus-shaped, red-purple, often due to Qi Stagnation. The main formula for tongue diseases involves sprinkling Qingdai San (Indigo Naturalis Powder). She Dian (Tongue Pad) is a nodular swelling under the tongue; use She Dian Fang (Tongue Pad Formula). For tongue prolapse that cannot retract, sprinkle Pian Nao (Borneol) on the tongue to retract immediately. For postpartum tongue prolapse, apply Cinnabar to the tongue. For swollen and hard tongue with gushing blood, use Puhuang San (Lygodium Spore Powder). For non-hard but swollen/painful tongue with bleeding, use Liangxue Qingpi Yin (Cool Blood Clear Spleen Drink) or Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction). For tongue swelling filling the mouth, use Puhuang San (Lygodium Spore Powder). For sudden tongue swelling filling the mouth like a pig bladder, which is untreatable and fatal, apply Ink from the bottom of the cauldron mixed with vinegar under the tongue; reapply after shedding to resolve. Rolling tongue and contracted scrotum indicate Liver Exhaustion, a death sign. Tongue coating arises from pathogenic qi transmitting inward and condensing body fluids. When pathogen is in the Exterior, there is no coating. When pathogen first transmits inward, chest cold interacts with Dantian fire, producing a slippery coating; as cold transforms into heat, the coating becomes rough/dry as heat consumes fluids. Further heat gathering in the Stomach produces a yellow coating; extreme heat produces a black coating. Black is the color of the Kidney, indicating transmission to Shaoyin. Pale black like dilute ink indicates Kidney Deficiency with floating fire (Rootless Fire). Thorn-like projections indicate Heat Congestion; wipe with silk dipped in Mint juice. Crimson and dry tongue center indicates Stomach Heat scorching Ying (Nutritive) level; crimson and dry tongue tip indicates Heart Fire flaming upward. Ulcerations suggest impending Gangrene. Coating like alkali indicates old stagnation in the Stomach; white like powder and slippery with purple-crimson edges indicates Warm Epidemic Disease entering the Mouyuan (Misty Origin). Tongue without coating but with faint smoke-like coal appearance, non-thirsty with cold limbs, indicates Yin disease. Black and short/retracted tongue indicates exhaustion of Kidney Qi. Black and slippery indicates Water overcoming Fire, an Yin syndrome; treat with warming methods. Pale red without color indicates Stomach Fluid injury; use Zhigancao Tang (Licorice Decoction).