奇者，非常之称，言不可以经脉延医也。凡十则，各有精义，宜分别观之。
黄帝问曰∶人有重身，九月而喑，此为何也？（重身，谓身中有身，则怀妊者也。喑谓不得言语也。妊娠九
月，足少阴脉养胎。）岐伯对曰∶胞之络脉绝也。（按∶绝非断绝，犹急也。脉，系胎胞之络脉。谓至九月堕
重，以致系胎之脉络急绝也。）帝曰∶何以言之？岐伯曰∶胞络者系于肾，少阴之脉，贯肾系舌本，故不能言。
帝曰∶治之奈何？岐伯曰∶无治也，当十月复。（……十月胎去，胞络复通，肾脉上营，故复旧而言也。）
帝曰∶病胁下满，气逆，二三岁不已，是为何病？岐伯曰∶病名曰息积，此不妨于食，不可灸刺，积为导
引服药，药不能独治也。（气不在胃，故不妨于食也。灸之则火热内烁，气化为风，刺之则必泻其经，转成
虚败，故不可灸刺。是可积为导引，使气流行，及以药内消瘀 则可矣。若独凭药，不能独治之也。按∶呼吸
一止曰息，所谓气息是也。数岁不已，必有致病之由。伯虽不言∶要之非郁怒伤肝，则必阴虚阳浮者也。治
失其宜，以致留滞经络，积久不愈，是名积息。今有似哮非哮，似胀非胀者是也。）
帝曰∶人有身体髀股 皆肿，环脐而痛，是为何病？岐伯曰∶病名曰伏梁，此风根也。其气溢于大肠而着
于肓，肓之原在脐下，故环脐而痛也。（按∶心之积名伏梁，而此亦名，是伏梁有二也。风者外来之邪，何以有
根？盖必自外而入，伏于脐之上下左右，故令环绕而痛。诸痛皆属于木，木与风相应也。髀音彼，大腿骨。
股，手足 也。 音杭，足胫骨也。）不可动
之，动之为水溺涩之病也。（以冲脉起于肾下，出于气街，其上行者，起于胞中，上出脐下关元之分，故动之
则为水而涩溺也。动谓齐其毒药而击动之，使其大下也。此问答之义，与腹中论同，以其为奇病，故重出于此。
按∶致病有因，治法自异，苟失其宜，为害非细。如此一则，病起于风，故一身浮肿。由经入腑，大肠为肺之
腑，其原在脐下，故环脐而痛。病虽及腑，而脐下正当膀胱之分，故不可攻利，非如诸水肿之可以攻利也。然
则动之既不可，而治之之法，伯又不言，岂此证真不可治者乎？曰∶一身尽肿而环脐又痛，既属于风，当是体
虚之人，肤理不密，风邪乘虚而入于内，大肠合肺，肺合皮毛，脉来必沉。可用轻扬荆、桔之类以散其外，桑、
杏、地骨、桂枝之类以通其内，肺与大肠之气通，则风邪不能留而根拔矣。）
帝曰∶人有尺脉数甚，筋急而见，此为何病？岐伯曰∶此所谓疹筋？是人腹必急，白色黑色见，则病甚。
（以尺里候腹中，故见尺中筋急，则必腹中拘急矣。色见，谓见于面部也。夫相五色者，白为寒，黑为寒，故二
色见，病弥甚也。按∶尺为肾，主水；肝为木，主筋。今尺脉数甚，是水虚不能养木，故令筋急而腹亦为之急。
白为金色，黑为水色，见白则金刑木，见黑则肾自病，故病必甚也。）
帝曰∶人有病头痛，以数岁不已，此安得之？名为何病？岐伯曰∶当有所犯大寒，内至骨髓，髓者以脑为
主，脑逆，故令头痛，齿亦痛，病名曰厥逆。帝曰∶善！（按∶脑为髓之海，而脑实在头之中。大寒入骨髓，
则寒邪之气，由标及本，上逆于脑而头为之痛矣。齿者骨之余，寒入骨，故亦痛。齿寒亦痛，宜用桂、附、细
辛，乃世尽以为火，而治之以寒凉者，误矣。）
帝曰∶有病口甘者，病名为何？何以得之？岐伯曰∶此五气之溢也，名曰脾瘅。（瘅，热也。脾热，则四脏同
禀，故五气上溢也。生因脾热，故曰脾瘅。）夫五味入口藏于胃，脾为之行其精气，津液在脾，故令人口甘
也。（按∶口为食之门，其应属脾。脾主为胃行津液，故津液在脾。脾多津液，则湿热内盛，上溢于口而为甘
也。）此肥美之所发也，此人必数食甘美而多肥也，肥者令人内热，甘者令人中满，故其气上溢，转为消渴。
治之以兰，除陈气也。（按∶热论篇曰∶“食肉则复。”盖肉味肥而浓，味浓者气化为火，故内热复起。甘性
缓，缓则气滞而守中，故中满。内热中满，蓄积之久，火炎水枯，消渴之证见矣。兰性平淡，用以除陈，其力
恐微。伯意盖欲食甘美者，宜常服兰以渐除陈积，否则必变而为消渴也。然此不过饮食致消之一端，其病犹易
治。若夫肾亏水竭，虚火扇烁，上中下并消者，真恶候也。发，太素作致。消渴，甲乙作消瘅。并通。）
帝曰∶有病……口苦者，病名为何？何以得之？岐伯曰∶病名曰胆瘅。（亦谓热也。胆汁味苦，故口苦。）
夫肝者，中之将也，取决于胆，咽为之使。（灵兰秘典论曰∶“肝者，将军之官，谋虑出焉。胆者，中正之官，
决断出焉。”肝与胆合，气性相通，故诸谋虑取决于胆。胆咽相应，故咽为之使焉。）此人者，数谋虑不决，
故胆虚，气上溢而口为之苦。治之以胆募俞。（……胸腹曰募，背脊曰俞。胆募在乳下二肋外，期门下五分。
俞在脊第十椎下两旁，相去各一寸半。按∶胆主决断，然过虑不决，则胆虚，而其味上溢于咽，口为之苦也。）
帝曰∶有癃者，一日数十溲，此不足也。身热如炭，颈膺如格，人迎躁盛，喘息气逆，此有余也。（是阳气
太盛于外，阴气不足，故有余也。）太阴脉微细如发者，此不足也。其病安在？名为何病？（按∶癃者数十溲，
谓小便涩而频数也。颈膺如格，胸喉气不通也。人迎躁盛，胃脉太强。太阴细
如发，肺脉微弱欲绝也。）岐伯曰∶病在太阴，其盛在胃，颇关（按据病能论补）在肺，病名曰厥，死不治。
此所谓得五有余，二不足也。帝曰∶何谓五有余，二不足？岐伯曰∶所谓五有余者，五病之气有余也。二不足
者，亦病气之不足也。今外得五有余，内得二不足，此其身不表不里，亦正死明矣。（外五有余者∶一身热如炭，
二颈膺如格，三人迎躁盛，四喘息，五气逆也。内二不足者∶一病癃一日数十溲，二太阴脉微细如发。夫如是
者，谓其病在表，则内有二不足，谓其病在里，则外有五有余，表里既不可凭，补泻固难为法，故曰此其身不
表不里，亦正死明矣。按∶凡言厥，言厥逆，俱是四肢逆冷及不省人事之称，未便必死。且帝问病状，毫与逆
冷之意无涉。予谓此言厥者，竭也。气血两竭，故诸证乖反，所以死不治也。）
帝曰∶人生而有病巅疾者，病名曰何？安所得之？岐伯曰∶病名为胎病，此得之在母腹中时，其母有所大
惊，气上而不下，精气并居，故令子发为巅疾也。（按∶巅，注作顶巅解，恐非是，疑即癫字之讹也。今世生
而有癫疾者甚多，如五痫是也。帝不言其病状何似，但言巅疾。岐伯对以得之母腹中时，有所大惊，其为癫痫
明矣。若谓是顶巅之上有所疾苦，或肿或痛，或为疮疡，则又岂惊之所致，而岐伯之对为非，且亦非奇病而帝
亦不必问也。）
帝曰∶有病 然如有水状，切其脉大紧，身无痛者，形不瘦，不能食，食少，名为何病？（ 然谓面目
浮起而色杂也。大紧谓如弓弦也。大即为气，紧即为寒。寒气内薄而反无病，与众别异常，故问之也。）岐伯曰∶
病生在肾，名为肾风。肾风而不能食，善惊，惊已，心气痿者死。帝曰∶善！（按∶言肾风之证，食虽少，犹
可治也。若不能食而善惊，则木盛凌土，更
且心气痿弱，则火又不能生土，死无疑矣。）
“奇”是不寻常的意思，指这种病不能按照常规经脉的规律来诊治。这十种情况各有精微的含义，应当分别观察研究。
黄帝问道：有人怀有身孕，到了第九个月时失音（说不出话），这是什么原因呢？（岐伯注：重身，指身中有身，即怀孕的人。喑，指不能说话。妊娠第九个月，足少阴肾经滋养胎儿。）岐伯回答说：这是胞宫的络脉阻滞不通。（按语：绝并非断绝，而是指紧迫、急迫。脉，指系连胎胞的络脉。意思是到了九月，身体沉重，导致系连胎儿的脉络紧迫闭塞。）黄帝说：为什么这样说呢？岐伯说：胞络系属于肾，足少阴肾经贯穿肾脏并系连舌根，所以会导致不能说话。黄帝说：如何治疗呢？岐伯说：不需要治疗，等到第十个月分娩后自然会恢复。（……十月胎儿娩出，胞络重新通畅，肾脉上荣于舌本，所以恢复旧状并能言语了。）
黄帝说：有人胁下胀满，气机上逆，两三年都不痊愈，这是什么病？岐伯说：这种病名叫息积，它不影响饮食，不能用艾灸和针刺治疗，应该长期配合导引术和服药治疗，单靠药物无法单独治愈。（因为气滞不在胃中，所以不影响饮食。如果艾灸，火热会内灼，气机化为风邪；如果针刺，必然泻其经气，转而造成虚败，所以不可用灸法和刺法。这种情况可以长期进行导引，使气机流行，并用药内消瘀滞即可。如果只凭药物，是不能单独治愈的。按语：呼吸暂停一次叫做息，所谓气息就是这类。数年不愈，必定有致病的原因。岐伯虽然没说，但总之不是郁怒伤肝，就是阴虚阳浮。治疗不当，导致留滞在经络，积久不愈，这就叫积息。现在有的症状类似哮证又不是哮证，类似胀满又不是胀满的就是这种病。）
黄帝说：有人身体大腿和小腿都肿胀，围绕肚脐疼痛，这是什么病？岐伯说：这种病名叫伏梁，这是风邪留下的病根。邪气溢于大肠并附着在肓膜，肓膜的根源在脐下，所以围绕肚脐疼痛。（按语：心的积病名叫伏梁，而这里也叫伏梁，说明伏梁有两种。风是外来的邪气，怎么会有根？大概是因为邪气从外而入，潜伏在脐的上下左右，所以导致环绕疼痛。各种疼痛大多归属于木，木与风相应。髀，音bǐ，指大腿骨。股，指大腿。胻，音háng，指小腿骨。）这种病不可用攻下等剧烈疗法，否则会导致小便涩滞的病症。（因为冲脉起于肾下，出于气街，其上行的一支，起于胞中，向上出于脐下的关元穴部位，所以攻动它就会导致水液代谢障碍而小便涩滞。动，指使用猛烈的毒药并击动腹部，使其剧烈泻下。这段问答的意义与《腹中论》相同，因为这是奇病，所以在这里再次出现。按语：致病有原因，治法自然不同，如果治疗不当，危害不小。这一条，病起于风，所以全身浮肿。由经络传入腑，大肠是肺的腑，其根源在脐下，所以环绕肚脐疼痛。病虽然涉及腑，但脐下正当膀胱的部位，所以不可攻下利水，不像其他水肿病那样可以攻下利水。那么既不可攻动，治疗的方法，岐伯又没有说，难道这个证候真的不可治吗？我说：全身尽肿且环绕肚脐疼痛，既然属于风邪，应当是体质虚弱的人，腠理不密，风邪乘虚而入体内，大肠合于肺，肺合皮毛，脉象必然沉。可以用轻扬升散的荆芥、桔梗之类药以疏散在表的风邪，桑白皮、杏仁、地骨皮、桂枝之类药以通利在里的肺气，肺与大肠的气机通畅，则风邪不能停留，病根就能拔除了。）
黄帝说：有人尺部脉搏跳动非常快，筋脉拘急且显露出来，这是什么病？岐伯说：这叫疹筋。这种人腹部一定拘急，如果面部出现白色或黑色，病情就会加重。（尺部候诊腹部内部，所以见到尺部脉象筋急，就必然腹部拘急。色见，指面色显现。看五色，白色主寒，黑色也主寒，所以这两种颜色出现，病就更严重了。按语：尺部对应肾，主水；肝属木，主筋。现在尺脉数甚，是水虚不能养木，所以导致筋急且腹部也跟着拘急。白色属金，黑色属水，见到白色则是金克木，见到黑色则是肾自病，所以病一定很重。）
黄帝说：有人患头痛，多年不愈，这是怎么得的？叫什么病？岐伯说：应该是遭受了大寒之邪，寒气深入骨髓。髓以脑为主，寒气上逆于脑，所以导致头痛，牙齿也会痛，这种病名叫厥逆。黄帝说：讲得好！（按语：脑是髓海，脑实际上位于头部中央。大寒侵入骨髓，则寒邪之气由标及本，上逆于脑而导致头痛。齿是骨之余，寒入骨，所以牙齿也痛。牙齿因寒而痛，应该用桂枝、附子、细辛等温热药，但世人全都认为是火证，而用寒凉药治疗，这是错误的。）
黄帝说：有人口中发甜，这是什么病？是怎么得的？岐伯说：这是五气上溢，名叫脾瘅。（瘅，指热。脾热，则四脏同受其害，所以五气上溢。病因生于脾热，所以叫脾瘅。）五味入口后藏于胃，脾为胃运行精气，津液停留在脾，所以使人感到口甘。（按语：口是进食之门，其应归属于脾。脾主为胃行津液，所以津液在脾。脾中津液过多，则湿热内盛，上溢于口而表现为甜味。）这是由于吃了肥美食物引发的，这个人一定经常吃甘甜美味且多脂肪的食物。肥腻的食物使人内生热邪，甘甜的食物使人中焦痞满，所以气机上溢，进而转化为消渴病。治疗用兰草，以去除陈久的积滞。（按语：《热论篇》说：“吃肉就会复发。”肉味肥浓，味浓者气化而为火，所以内热复起。甘性缓，缓则气滞而守中，所以导致中满。内热和中满蓄积久了，火炎水枯，消渴的症状就出现了。兰草性平淡，用来除陈积，力量恐怕微弱。岐伯的意思大概是希望爱吃甘甜美味的人，常服兰草以逐渐清除陈积，否则一定会变成消渴病。然而这只是饮食导致消渴的一个方面，这种病还容易治疗。如果是肾亏水竭，虚火煽动，上中下三消并见的，才是真正的恶候。发，太素本作“致”。消渴，甲乙经本作“消瘅”。意思相通。）
黄帝说：有人口中发苦，这是什么病？是怎么得的？岐伯说：这种病名叫胆瘅。（也是指热。胆汁味苦，所以口苦。）肝是将帅之官，取决于胆，咽是胆气通行的通道。（《灵兰秘典论》说：“肝者，将军之官，谋虑出焉。胆者，中正之官，决断出焉。”肝与胆相合，气性相通，所以所有的谋虑取决于胆。胆与咽相应，所以咽作为胆气通行的通道。）这种人，常常谋虑不决，所以胆气虚弱，气机上溢而口苦。治疗取胆的募穴和俞穴。（……胸腹部的穴位叫募，背脊部的穴位叫俞。胆的募穴在乳下两肋外侧，期门穴下五分。胆的俞穴在背部第十椎下两旁，各距脊柱一寸半。按语：胆主决断，但如果过度思虑不决，则胆气虚弱，其味上溢于咽，导致口苦。）
黄帝说：有人患癃闭，一天排尿几十次，这是正气不足的表现。身体发热像炭火一样，颈部和胸部僵硬如格拒不通，人迎脉躁动盛大，喘息气逆，这是邪气有余的表现。（这是阳气太盛于外，阴气不足，所以表现为有余。）太阴脉微细如头发一样，这是正气不足。病在哪里？叫什么病？（按语：癃是指小便涩滞而频数。颈膺如格，指胸喉部气机不通。人迎躁盛，指胃脉太强。太阴细如发，指肺脉微弱欲绝。）岐伯说：病在太阴，其盛实在胃，颇有关联在肺，这种病名叫厥，是死证，难以治愈。这就是所说的五有余、二不足。黄帝说：什么叫五有余、二不足？岐伯说：所谓五有余，是指五种病气有余。二不足，也是指病气不足。现在外面得到五有余，里面得到二不足，这种病既不偏表也不偏里，确实是死证无疑。（外五有余：一是一身热如炭，二是颈膺如格，三是人迎躁盛，四是喘息，五是气逆。内二不足：一是患癃闭一天排尿几十次，二是太阴脉微细如发。像这样的情况，如果说病在表，则内有二不足；如果说病在里，则外有五有余。表里都无法凭借，补泻也难以施治，所以说这种病不表不里，确实是死证无疑。按语：凡是说厥，说厥逆，通常都是指四肢逆冷及不省人事，不一定必死。而且黄帝问的病状，完全没有逆冷的意思。我认为这里的“厥”，意思是竭尽。气血两竭，所以各种证候乖反，因此死证难治。）
黄帝说：人生下来就患有巅疾，这是什么病？是怎么得的？岐伯说：这种病名叫胎病，这是在母腹中时获得的。当时母亲受到大惊吓，气机上逆而不能下行，精气并居在一起，所以导致孩子发作巅疾。（按语：巅，注释作头顶解，恐怕不对，怀疑是“癫”字的讹误。现在世人生下来就有癫疾的很多，比如五痫。黄帝没有描述病状是什么样，只说了巅疾。岐伯回答说是因为在母腹中时受到大惊，这显然是癫痫。如果说是头顶之上有什么病痛，或者肿胀疼痛，或者生疮疡，那又岂是惊吓所致，而岐伯的回答就不对了，而且这也不是奇病，黄帝也不必问了。）
黄帝说：有人面目浮肿好像有水的样子，切其脉象大而紧，身体没有疼痛，形体不瘦，但不能进食，吃得很少，这是什么病？（ 然，指面目浮肿而起且色泽杂乱。大紧，指脉象如弓弦一样。大即为气盛，紧即为寒盛。寒气内侵反而没有明显病症，与众人不同异常，所以询问。）岐伯说：病生在肾，名叫肾风。患肾风而不能进食，容易惊恐，惊恐之后心气痿弱死亡的，预后不良。黄帝说：讲得好！（按语：说肾风的证候，即使吃得少，还是可以治疗的。如果不能进食且容易惊恐，则是木盛凌土，再加上心气痿弱，则火又不能生土，死亡是毫无疑问的了。）
"Qi" (strange/unusual) refers to the abnormal, indicating that such diseases cannot be treated according to the regular meridians. There are ten cases in total, each with profound significance, and they should be observed separately.
The Yellow Emperor asked: A person is pregnant ("Chongshen", carrying a fetus), and at the ninth month becomes aphonic ("Yin", unable to speak). What is the cause of this? (Note: At nine months of pregnancy, the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian nourishes the fetus.) Qibo replied: The collateral vessels of the uterus ("Baogong") are obstructed. (Note: "Jue" here does not mean severed, but rather tense or constricted. It refers to the collateral vessels connecting the uterus. By the ninth month, the body becomes heavy, causing these collaterals to become tense and blocked.) The Emperor asked: Why do you say so? Qibo said: The uterine collaterals are connected to the Kidney. The Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian passes through the Kidney and connects to the root of the tongue; therefore, speech is impaired. The Emperor asked: How should it be treated? Qibo said: No treatment is needed; it will recover after the tenth month. (Note: After delivery in the tenth month, the uterine collaterals reopen, the Kidney meridian nourishes the tongue root again, and speech returns to normal.)
The Emperor asked: A person suffers from fullness under the costal margin and rebellious Qi for two or three years without relief. What disease is this? Qibo said: This disease is named "Xi Ji" (Accumulation of Breath/Qi). It does not affect eating, and moxibustion and acupuncture are contraindicated. It requires long-term guidance exercises ("Daoyin") and herbal medicine; herbs alone cannot cure it. (Since the Qi stagnation is not in the Stomach, eating is unaffected. Moxibustion would generate internal heat, transforming Qi into Wind; acupuncture would drain the meridians, leading to deficiency and collapse. Thus, neither is suitable. Long-term Daoyin can promote Qi flow, and herbs can resolve internal stasis. Relying solely on herbs is insufficient. Note: "Xi" refers to breath. Years of persistence imply a specific etiology. Generally, this is either Liver injury from frustration or Yin deficiency with Yang floating. Improper treatment leads to stagnation in the meridians. This condition resembles asthma but is not, and distension but is not true distension.)
The Emperor asked: A person has swelling in the thighs and calves, with pain encircling the navel. What disease is this? Qibo said: This disease is named "Fu Liang" (Hidden Beam). It is rooted in Wind pathogen. The Qi overflows into the Large Intestine and adheres to the "Huang" (Sanjiao membrane/epigastrium). The source of the Huang is below the navel, hence the pain encircling it. (Note: There are two types of Fu Liang; one is an accumulation of the Heart. Wind is an external pathogen, yet it has a root because it enters from outside and lodges around the navel. Pain often relates to Wood/Wind. "Bi" refers to the thigh bone; "Gu" to the thigh; "Heng" to the shin bone.) This condition must not be aggressively treated ("Dong"), or it will lead to difficult urination. (The Chong Mai originates below the Kidney, emerges at Qichong, and its ascending branch rises from the uterus, passing through Guanyuan below the navel. Aggressive treatment disrupts water metabolism. Note: This parallels the discussion in *Fu Zhong Lun*. Wind causes general edema. Entering the Fu organs, specifically the Large Intestine (paired with Lung), causes periumbilical pain. Since the area below the navel corresponds to the Bladder, purgatives are contraindicated unlike other edemas. For this case, if the patient is deficient with open pores allowing Wind invasion, use light dispersing herbs like Jingjie and Jiegeng for the exterior, and Sangbaipi, Xingren, Digupi, and Guizhi for the interior to unblock Lung and Large Intestine Qi, thereby uprooting the Wind.)
The Emperor asked: A person has a rapid pulse at the Chi position, with visible tendon tension. What disease is this? Qibo said: This is called "Zhen Jin" (Rash Tendon). The abdomen will necessarily be tight. If white or black colors appear on the face, the disease worsens. (The Chi position reflects the abdomen; thus, Chi pulse tension indicates abdominal tightness. Facial color changes: White and Black both indicate Cold; their appearance signifies severe disease. Note: Chi corresponds to Kidney/Water; Liver/Wood governs tendons. Rapid Chi pulse indicates Water deficiency failing to nourish Wood, causing tendon and abdominal tension. White represents Metal (Lung) overcoming Wood; Black represents Kidney pathology. Hence, severe disease.)
The Emperor asked: A person suffers from headache for many years without relief. How did this occur? What is the name of the disease? Qibo said: It results from exposure to severe Cold, which penetrated to the bone marrow. Marrow is dominated by the Brain. Cold rebels upward to the Brain, causing headache and toothache. This disease is named "Jue Ni" (Rebellious Counterflow). The Emperor said: Excellent! (Note: The Brain is the Sea of Marrow. Severe Cold entering the marrow travels from the branches to the root, rebelling to the Brain. Teeth are the surplus of bones; cold in bones causes toothache. Treatment should involve warm herbs like Guizhi, Fuzi, and Xixin. Mistaking this for Heat and using cooling herbs is a major error.)
The Emperor asked: A person complains of a sweet taste in the mouth. What is the disease? How is it acquired? Qibo said: This is the overflow of the Five Qi, named "Pi Dan" (Spleen Heat/Damp-Heat). (Dan means heat. Spleen heat affects the four Zang organs, causing Qi overflow. Etiology is Spleen heat.) Flavors enter the Stomach; the Spleen transports the essence. Fluids remain in the Spleen, causing sweetness in the mouth. (Note: The mouth opens to food and corresponds to the Spleen. The Spleen transports fluids. Excess fluids in the Spleen create internal Damp-Heat, overflowing to the mouth as sweetness.) This arises from rich and fatty foods. Frequent consumption of sweet and fatty foods generates internal heat and middle-jiao fullness. Qi overflows, potentially transforming into Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst). Treatment uses Orchid Rhizome ("Lan") to remove stale accumulation. (Note: Meat generates heat; sweets cause stagnation and fullness. Prolonged accumulation leads to Fire blazing and Water drying, resulting in Wasting-Thirst. Lan is mild; it gradually removes accumulation. Preventing this prevents transformation into Wasting-Thirst. Note: "Fa" in Tai Su is "Zhi". "Xiao Dan" in Jia Yi Jing is synonymous with Xiao Ke.)
The Emperor asked: A person has a bitter taste in the mouth. What is the disease? How is it acquired? Qibo said: This disease is named "Dan Dan" (Gallbladder Heat). (Dan means heat. Gallbladder juice is bitter, hence the bitter taste.) The Liver is the General; decisions depend on the Gallbladder. The throat serves as the conduit. (Note: Liver houses strategy; Gallbladder houses decision. They are paired. Indecision leads to Gallbladder deficiency, causing Qi to overflow and bitterness in the mouth. Treatment targets the Gallbladder Mu and Shu points. Note: Mu points are on the chest/abdomen; Shu points are on the back. Gallbladder Mu is Qimen; Shu is Dashu.)
The Emperor asked: A person suffers from Long (difficulty urinating), urinating dozens of times a day, indicating deficiency. The body is hot as charcoal, the neck and chest feel rigid/blocking, the Renying pulse is restless and vigorous, with wheezing and rebellious Qi, indicating excess. The Taiyin pulse is fine as a hair, indicating deficiency. Where is the disease? What is its name? (Note: Long implies frequent, difficult urination. Neck/chest rigidity implies blockage in the throat/chest. Renying vigor indicates strong Stomach pulse. Taiyin fineness indicates weak Lung pulse.) Qibo said: The disease is in the Taiyin, the excess is in the Stomach, and it significantly involves the Lung. The disease is named "Jue", and it is a fatal, untreatable condition. This is the "Five Excesses and Two Deficiencies." The Emperor asked: Explain. Qibo said: Five excesses refer to five excess pathogenic factors; two deficiencies refer to two deficient vital energies. With external excess and internal deficiency, the disease is neither purely exterior nor interior, making it clearly fatal. (Note: Five Excesses: 1. Body hot as charcoal, 2. Neck/chest rigidity, 3. Renying pulse vigorous, 4. Wheezing, 5. Rebellious Qi. Two Deficiencies: 1. Long/frequent urination, 2. Taiyin pulse fine as hair. Since exterior signs suggest excess but interior signs suggest deficiency, and vice versa, tonification and sedation are impossible. "Jue" here means exhaustion/collapse of Qi and Blood, leading to contradictory symptoms and death.)
The Emperor asked: A person is born with Dian Ji (Head/Epilepsy disease). What is it? How is it acquired? Qibo said: This is named "Tai Bing" (Fetal Disease). It was acquired in the womb when the mother suffered great fright. Qi rose and did not descend, causing Essence and Qi to congregate, leading the child to develop Dian Ji. (Note: "Dian" likely refers to epilepsy ("Dian") rather than just the vertex. Congenital epilepsy exists. Maternal fright causes Qi rebellion, affecting the fetus. If it were merely vertex pain/swelling, fright would not be the cause, nor would it be considered a "strange" disease requiring inquiry.)
The Emperor asked: A person has facial swelling resembling water retention. The pulse is large and tight. The body has no pain, the form is not emaciated, but they cannot eat and eat little. What is the disease? (Note: "Ran" describes swollen, discolored face. Large/Tight pulse indicates Qi excess and Cold. Internal Cold without typical symptoms warrants inquiry.) Qibo said: The disease originates in the Kidney and is named "Ren Feng" (Kidney Wind). If Ren Feng patients cannot eat, are prone to fright, and subsequently suffer from Wei (atrophy/flaccidity) of Heart Qi, they will die. The Emperor said: Excellent! (Note: Mild Ren Feng with poor appetite is treatable. Inability to eat plus fright indicates Wood overacting on Earth. Subsequent Heart Qi failure means Fire cannot generate Earth, leading to certain death.)