通篇凡四段∶首段言肾属水而其病亦为水，二段言四时取四脏之穴不同，三段言泻热之穴，四段言伤寒变热。
篇名水热穴者，盖合第一第三两段而言，无深义也。其第二段不过因论穴而并及之，四段则又因论热而传会焉，
此论洵牵合成篇者也。
黄帝问曰∶少阴何以主肾，肾何以主水？岐伯对曰∶肾者至阴也，至阴者盛水也。肺者太阴也，少阴者冬
脉也，故其本在肾，其末在肺，皆积水也。（阴者谓寒也，冬月至寒，肾气合应，故云肾者至阴也。水王于冬，
故云至阴者盛水也。肾少阴脉，从肾上贯肝膈，入肺中，故云其本在肾，其末在肺也。肾气上逆，则水气客于
肺中，故云皆积水也。按∶盛水者，水盛于冬也。水原于肾，故云本；由肾而溢于肺，故云末也。）帝曰∶肾
何以能聚水而生病？岐伯曰∶肾者胃之关也，关门不利，故聚水而从其类也。（关者，所以司出入也。肾主下
焦，膀胱为腑，主其分注，关窍二阴，故肾气化则二阴通，二阴 则胃填满，故云肾者胃之关也。关闭则水积，
水积则气停，气停则水生，水生则气溢，气水同类，故云关门不利，聚水而从其类也。灵枢经曰∶“下焦溢为
水。”此之谓也。按∶经言胃以肾为关，谓肾主下焦，司决渎之职，其气下行，而上可无壅滞之患，注意是也。
然肾主化气，而命门之火，实生脾胃土，肾足则气通，肾虚则气 。胃以肾为通塞者，实以肾为胃之本原，不
可不知也。）上下溢于皮肤，故为 肿。 肿者，聚水而生病
也。（按∶上下谓周身，注仍作肾肺说，误矣。 音附。）帝曰∶诸水皆生于肾乎？岐伯曰∶肾者，牝藏也。
牝，阴也。地气上者，属于肾而生水液也，故曰至阴。勇而劳甚则肾汗出，肾汗出逢于风，内不得入于脏腑，
外不得越于皮肤，客于玄府，行于皮里，传为 肿，本之于肾，名曰风水。所谓玄府者，汗空也。（勇而劳甚，
谓力房也。劳勇汗出则玄府开，汗出逢风则玄府复闭，闭则余汗未出，内伏皮肤，传化为水，从风而水，故名
风水。按∶勇，有力也。劳甚谓恃其有力而入房，或远行动作也。单指力房，偏矣。）
帝曰∶水俞五十七处者，是何主也？岐伯曰∶肾俞五十七穴，积阴之所聚也，水所从出入也。（按∶肾主水，
故以肾俞为水俞。肾居于内，俞应于外，肾病有所积聚，于是水从俞而出入矣。）尻上五行，行五者，此肾俞。
（背部之俞凡有五行，当其中者督脉气所发，次两旁四行皆足太阳脉气也。）故水病下为 肿大腹，上为喘呼
不得卧者，标本俱病。故肺为喘呼，肾为水肿，肺为逆不得卧。（……水下居于肾，则腹至足而 肿；上入于
肺，则喘息贲急而大呼也。标本者，肺为标，肾为本也。按∶惟肺主喘呼，卧则气愈逆故也。）伏兔上各二行，
行五者，此肾之街也。（街谓道也。腹部正俞凡五行，挟齐两旁则肾脏足少阴脉及冲脉气所发，次两旁则胃府
足阳明脉气所发，此四行穴。则伏兔之上也。）三阴之所交结于脚也，踝上各一行，行六者，此肾脉之下行也，
名曰太冲。凡五十七穴者，皆脏之阴络，水之所客也。（经所谓五十七者，然尻上五行行五，则背脊当中行，
督脉气所发者，脊中、悬枢、命门、腰俞、长强，当其处也。次挟督脉两旁，足太阳脉所发者，有大肠俞、
小肠俞、膀胱俞、中KT 内俞、白环俞，当其处也。又次外挟两旁，足太阳脉气所发者，有胃仓、肓门、志室、
胞肓、秩边，当其处也。伏兔上各二行行五者，腹部正俞挟中行任脉两旁，冲脉足少阴之会者，有中注、四满、
气穴、大赫、横骨，当其处也。次挟冲脉足少阴两旁，足阳明脉气所发者，有外陵、大巨、水道、归来、气街，
当其处也。踝上各一行行六者，足内踝之上有足少阴阴跷脉并循 上行，足少阴脉有太冲、复溜、阴谷三穴，
阴跷脉有照海、交信、筑宾三穴，阴跷既足少阴脉之别，亦可通而主之。兼此数之，犹少一穴。按∶新校正云∶
“详王氏云少一穴，按气府论注十二椎节下有阳关一穴，若通数阳关则不少矣。”本篇穴道针数灸壮已详气穴论
注中，兹故不录，但撮其穴名录之而已。）帝曰∶春取络脉分肉何也？岐伯曰∶春者木始治，肝气始生，肝气
急，其风疾，经脉常深，其气少，不能深入，故取络脉分肉间。（按∶络脉分肉，居毫腠之内，在经脉之外，
以肝木急疾而主风，所行止及浮浅，故针灸者亦不宜深也。）帝曰∶夏取盛经分腠何也？岐伯曰∶夏者火始治，
心气始长，脉瘦气弱，阳气流溢，热熏分腠，内至于经，故取盛经分腠，绝肤而病去者，邪居浅也。所谓盛经者，
阳脉也。（按∶夏热气浮，邪居阳分，用针不必太深，绝肤谓但绝其皮肤而病邪已去也。王本留溢，若留则不能
溢矣。新校正云一本作流溢，是也，从之。）帝曰∶秋取经俞何也？岐伯曰∶秋者金始治，肺将收杀，金将胜
火，阳气在合，阴气初胜，湿气及体，（按∶肺令主收，其气肃杀，暑退凉生，火气衰而金王，金王则寡所畏而
胜火矣。秋凉为寒之渐，故云阴气初胜。秋繁雾露，故云湿气及体也。）阴气未盛，未能深入，故取俞以泻阴
邪，取合以虚阳邪，阳气始衰，故取于合。（按∶肺以太渊为俞，以尺泽为合。新校正云∶“皇甫士安云∶是
谓始秋之治变。”）帝曰∶冬取井荥何也？岐伯曰∶冬者水始治，肾方闭，阳气衰少，阴气坚盛，巨阳伏沉，
阳脉乃去，（按∶方闭谓初
冬也，阳衰阴盛，冬至之后，一阳始生。去，沉伏不见也。）故取井以下阴逆，取荥以实阳气，（按∶冬阴寒
逆，抑之使下，冬阳气微，实之为贵。甲乙千金，实作通，非也。元起作遗，尤非。）故曰∶冬取井荥，春不鼽衄。
此之谓也。（按∶井者脉之所出，荥者脉之所流，俞者脉之所注，经者脉之所行，合者脉之所入也。今言冬取井荥以
下阴逆实阳气，是井荥又能抑阴而助阳也。秋取经俞以泻阴虚阳，夏取盛经以去浅邪，是经俞又以泻邪为用也。）
帝曰∶夫子言治热病五十九俞，余论其意，未能领别其处，愿闻其处，因闻其意。岐伯曰∶头上五行行五
者，以越诸阳之热逆也。（头上五行，当中行谓上星、囟会、前顶、百会，后顶次两旁谓五处、承光、通天、络
却、玉枕，又次两旁谓临泣、目窗、正营、承灵、脑空也。按∶头为诸阳之首，诸阳有热则必逆上于头，火性
炎上，各从其类故也。越者发也，谓发越其阳经之火也。）大杼、膺俞、缺盆、背俞，此八者以泻胸中之热也。
（大杼在项第一椎下两旁，相去各一寸半陷者中，督脉别络、手、足太阳三脉气之会。膺俞者膺中之俞也，正名
中府，在胸中行两旁，相去六寸，云门下一寸，乳上三肋间动脉应手陷者中，仰而取之，手足太阴脉之会。缺
盆在肩上横骨陷者中，手阳明脉气所发。背俞即风门热府俞也，在第二椎下两旁各一寸半，督脉足太阳之会。
按∶新校正云∶“王氏注刺热论云背俞未详何处，注此指名风门热府，注气穴论以大杼为背俞，三经不同者，
盖亦疑之也。”）气街、三里、巨虚上下廉，此八者以泻胃中之热也。（气街在腹脐下横骨两端，鼠鼷上一寸
动脉应手，足阳明脉气所发。三里在膝下三寸 外廉两筋肉分间，足阳明脉之所入也。巨虚上廉，足阳明与大
肠合，在三里下三寸，足阳明脉气所发。巨虚下廉，足阳明与小肠合，在上廉下三寸，足阳明脉气所发。按∶
新校正云∶“气街诸注不同，具前水热穴注中。”）云门、 骨、委中、髓空，此八者以泻四肢之热也。（云门
在巨骨下胸中行两旁，
相去六寸动脉应手，足太阴脉气所发，举臂取之。验今中诰孔穴图经，无 骨穴，有肩 穴，穴在肩端两骨间，
手阳明跷脉之会。委中在足膝后屈处 中央约文中动脉，足太阳脉之所入也。按今中诰孔穴图经云∶“腰俞穴
一名髓空，在脊中第二十一椎节下，主汗不出，足清不仁，督脉气所发也。”按∶胃主四肢，又四肢为诸阳之本
而禀气于胃，凡热之在胃与四肢者，则前两项一十六穴可通用也。 音隅。）五脏俞旁五，此十者以泻五脏之
热也。（俞旁五者谓魄户、神堂、魂门、意舍、志室五穴，挟脊两旁，相去三寸，足太阳脉气所发也。）凡此
五十九穴者，皆热之左右也。（按∶左右犹言道路。）
帝曰∶人伤于寒而传为热何也？岐伯曰∶夫寒盛则生热也。（人伤于寒，转而为热，汗之而愈，则外凝内
郁之理可知，斯乃新病数日者也。按∶热论篇曰∶“人之感于寒也，则为病热。”）
全文共分为四段：第一段论述肾属水，其病变也表现为水邪；第二段论述四季针刺选取不同脏腑的穴位有所区别；第三段论述泻热的穴位；第四段论述伤寒转化为热证。
篇名“水热穴”，是综合了第一和第三两段的内容而言，并没有深奥的含义。第二段不过是借着论穴顺便提及，第四段则是借着论热而引申关联，这篇确实是拼凑合成的文章。
黄帝问道：为什么少阴经主司肾脏？肾脏为什么主司水液代谢？岐伯回答说：肾属于至阴，至阴意味着盛藏水液。肺属于太阴，少阴经对应冬季的脉象，所以水液的根源在肾，末梢在肺，都会产生积水。（注：所谓“阴”指的是寒，冬至时寒气最盛，肾气与之相应，所以说肾是至阴。水气在冬季旺盛，所以说至阴者盛水。少阴经脉，从肾脏上行贯穿肝脏和膈肌，进入肺部，所以说根本在肾，末梢在肺。肾气上逆，水气就会客居在肺中，所以说都会产生积水。按：盛水，是指水气在冬季旺盛。水源于肾，所以说本；由肾溢出到肺，所以说末。）黄帝说：肾脏为什么能积聚水液而导致疾病？岐伯说：肾是胃的关口，如果关门不利，就会积聚水液并顺着同类性质发展。（注：关，是用来主管出入的。肾主下焦，膀胱为腑，主管水液的分布排泄，前阴和后阴是关窍，所以肾气化功能正常则二阴通畅，二阴通畅则胃中充实，所以说肾是胃的关口。关闭则水积，水积则气停，气停则水生，水生则气溢，气和水是同类，所以说关门不利，聚水而顺从其类。《灵枢经》说：“下焦溢出成为水。”说的就是这个意思。按：经文说胃以肾为关，是指肾主下焦，行使疏通水利的职责，其气下行，上部就不会有壅滞的隐患，注意这一点是对的。然而肾主化气，命门之火确实能生助脾胃土，肾气充足则气通，肾虚则气滞。胃以肾为通塞的关键，实际上是因为肾是胃的根本原动力，不可不知道。）水液上下溢于皮肤，所以形成浮肿。浮肿，就是积聚水液导致的疾病。（按：上下指周身，注释仍作肾肺解释，是错误的。 音同“附”。）黄帝说：所有的水病都生于肾吗？岐伯说：肾是牝脏（阴脏）。牝，即阴。地气上升的部分，归属于肾而生出水液，所以称为至阴。人若勇猛用力且劳累过度，则肾汗出，肾汗出后遇到风邪，内不能进入脏腑，外不能透发于皮肤，客居于玄府（汗孔），行于皮里，传变为浮肿，病本在肾，名叫风水。所谓玄府，就是汗孔。（注：勇而劳甚，指房事过度。劳作勇猛出汗则玄府开放，出汗遇风则玄府重新闭合，闭则余汗未出，潜伏在皮肤内，传化为水，随风邪而致水病，所以名叫风水。按：勇，有力。劳甚指倚仗体力进行房事，或远行剧烈运动。单指房事，偏颇了。）
黄帝问：治疗水病的五十七个穴位，主要主治什么？岐伯说：肾俞有五十七个穴位，是阴气积聚的地方，是水液出入的部位。（按：肾主水，所以称肾俞为水俞。肾居于体内，俞穴应于体表，肾病有所积聚，于是水液从俞穴出入。）尻骨上方五行，每行五个穴位，这是肾俞。（背部俞穴共有五行，中间一行是督脉气所发，旁边四行都是足太阳膀胱经脉气所发。）所以水病患者，下部出现浮肿和大腹，上部出现喘息呼叫不能平卧，这是标本俱病。所以肺导致喘息呼叫，肾导致水肿，肺导致气逆不能平卧。（……水在下居于肾，则腹部至足部浮肿；在上入于肺，则喘息急促而大声呼救。标本，肺为标，肾为本。按：只有肺主喘息呼叫，因为躺下时气更逆的缘故。）伏兔穴上方各两行，每行五个穴位，这是肾脏的气血通道。（街指道路。腹部正中线旁五行，紧靠齐肋两旁的是肾脏足少阴肾经及冲脉气所发，再旁边是胃腑足阳明胃经气所发，这四行穴位都在伏兔穴之上。）三阴经在脚部交会，踝关节上方各一行，每行六个穴位，这是肾脉向下行的部位，名叫太冲。这五十七个穴位，都是脏的阴络，是水液停留的地方。（经文所说的五十七穴，其中尻上五行每行五穴，则背脊正中一行，是督脉气所发，包括脊中、悬枢、命门、腰俞、长强，位于这些位置。其次夹督脉两旁，足太阳膀胱经所发，有大肠俞、小肠俞、膀胱俞、中髎、白环俞，位于这些位置。又次外夹两旁，足太阳膀胱经气所发，有胃仓、肓门、志室、胞肓、秩边，位于这些位置。伏兔上方各两行每行五穴，腹部正中线旁挟中行任脉两旁，冲脉与足少阴肾经交会处，有中注、四满、气穴、大赫、横骨，位于这些位置。其次夹冲脉足少阴两旁，足阳明胃经气所发，有外陵、大巨、水道、归来、气街，位于这些位置。踝上各一行每行六穴，足内踝上方有足少阴阴跷脉并循行向上，足少阴肾经有太冲、复溜、阴谷三穴，阴跷脉有照海、交信、筑宾三穴，阴跷既是足少阴肾经的别脉，也可相通而主治。合计这些数目，还少一穴。按：新校正说：“详细考察王氏说少一穴，按《气府论》注第十二椎节下有阳关一穴，如果通数阳关穴就不少了。”本篇穴道针数和灸壮已在《气穴论》注中详细说明，这里不再收录，只撮取穴名录列而已。）
黄帝问：春季取络脉和分肉为什么呢？岐伯说：春季木气开始主令，肝气开始生发，肝气急疾，风气迅猛，经脉位置常较深，但此时人气尚少，不能深入，所以取络脉和分肉间。（按：络脉分肉，位于毫腠之内，经脉之外，因肝木急疾而主风，所行止及浮浅，所以针灸也不宜深刺。）黄帝问：夏季取盛经和分腠为什么呢？岐伯说：夏季火气开始主令，心气开始生长，脉瘦气弱，阳气流溢，热气熏蒸分腠，内达于经脉，所以取盛经和分腠，切断皮肤而病邪去除，是因为邪气居处浅表。所谓盛经，就是阳脉。（按：夏季热气浮越，邪气居留在阳分，用针不必太深，绝肤指仅切断皮肤而病邪已去。王本留作“留溢”，若留则不能溢。新校正说一本作“流溢”，是正确的，遵从它。）黄帝问：秋季取经穴和俞穴为什么呢？岐伯说：秋季金气开始主令，肺气将收敛肃杀，金将胜火，阳气在合穴，阴气初胜，湿气及体，（按：肺令主收，其气肃杀，暑退凉生，火气衰而金旺，金旺则无所畏惧而胜火。秋凉是寒的开始，所以说阴气初胜。秋多繁雾露，所以说湿气及体。）阴气尚未盛大，不能深入，所以取经穴以泻阴邪，取合穴以虚阳邪，阳气始衰，所以取合穴。（按：肺以太渊为俞，以尺泽为合。新校正说：“皇甫士安说：这是指初秋的治疗变化。”）黄帝问：冬季取井穴和荥穴为什么呢？岐伯说：冬季水气开始主令，肾方闭藏，阳气衰少，阴气坚盛，巨阳（太阳经）伏沉，阳脉乃去，（按：方闭指初冬，阳衰阴盛，冬至之后，一阳始生。去，指沉伏不见。）所以取井穴以下降阴逆，取荥穴以充实阳气，（按：冬阴寒逆，抑之使下，冬阳气微，实之为贵。《甲乙经》《千金方》实作通，不对。元起作遗，尤其不对。）所以说：冬季取井荥，春季不患鼻渊鼻衄。说的就是这个意思。（按：井是脉气所出，荥是脉气所流，俞是脉气所注，经是脉气所行，合是脉气所入。现在说冬季取井荥以降阴逆实阳气，说明井荥又能抑阴助阳。秋季取经俞以泻阴虚阳，夏季取盛经以去浅邪，说明经俞又以泻邪为用。）
黄帝说：先生您说治疗热病有五十九个俞穴，我推究其意，未能分辨清楚它们的位置，希望知道它们的位置，并了解其含义。岐伯说：头部五行每行五个穴位，用来发散诸阳经的热逆。（头部五行，当中一行指上星、囟会、前顶、百会、后顶；次两旁指五处、承光、通天、络却、玉枕；又次两旁指临泣、目窗、正营、承灵、脑空。按：头为诸阳之首，诸阳有热则必逆上于头，火性炎上，各从其类。越，发散之意，谓发散阳经之火。）大杼、膺俞（中府）、缺盆、背俞（风门），这八个穴位用来泻胸中之热。（大杼在项部第一椎下两旁，相去各一寸半凹陷处，是督脉别络、手、足太阳三脉气交会处。膺俞即膺中之俞，正名中府，在胸中行两旁，相去六寸，云门下一寸，乳上三肋间动脉应手凹陷处，仰身取之，是手足太阴脉交会处。缺盆在肩上横骨凹陷处，是手阳明脉气所发。背俞即风门热府俞，在第二椎下两旁各一寸半，是督脉足太阳交会处。按：新校正说：“王氏注《刺热论》说背俞不详何处，注此指名风门热府，注《气穴论》以大杼为背俞，三经不同，大概也是怀疑的。”）气街、三里、巨虚上下廉，这八个穴位用来泻胃中之热。（气街在腹脐下横骨两端，鼠鼷上一寸动脉应手，足阳明脉气所发。三里在膝下三寸外侧两筋肉分间，足阳明脉之所入。巨虚上廉，足阳明与大肠合，在三里下三寸，足阳明脉气所发。巨虚下廉，足阳明与小肠合，在上廉下三寸，足阳明脉气所发。按：新校正说：“气街诸注不同，具前水热穴注中。”）云门、 骨（肩 ）、委中、髓空（腰俞），这八个穴位用来泻四肢之热。（云门在巨骨下胸中行两旁，相去六寸动脉应手，足太阴脉气所发，举臂取之。验今《中诰孔穴图经》，无 骨穴，有肩 穴，穴在肩端两骨间，手阳明跷脉交会处。委中在足膝后屈处中央约文中动脉，足太阳脉之所入。按今《中诰孔穴图经》说：“腰俞穴一名髓空，在脊中第二十一椎节下，主汗不出，足清不仁，督脉气所发也。”按：胃主四肢，又四肢为诸阳之本而禀气于胃，凡热在胃与四肢者，则前两项十六穴可通用。 音同“隅”。）五脏俞旁五，这十个穴位用来泻五脏之热。（俞旁五指魄户、神堂、魂门、意舍、志室五穴，挟脊两旁，相去三寸，足太阳脉气所发。）这五十九个穴位，都是热邪通行的道路。（按：左右犹言道路。）
黄帝问：人受寒邪侵袭而传变为热证为什么呢？岐伯说：寒盛则生热。（人伤于寒，转而为热，发汗而愈，则外凝内郁的道理可知，这是新病数日的情况。按：《热论》篇说：“人之感于寒也，则为病热。”）
The entire text is divided into four sections: the first section discusses that the Kidney belongs to Water and its diseases also manifest as Water pathogen; the second section discusses that acupoints selected for different Zang organs vary across the four seasons; the third section discusses acupoints for draining Heat; and the fourth section discusses how Cold damage transforms into Heat syndrome.
The chapter title "Shui Re Xue" (Acupoints for Water and Heat) combines the content of the first and third sections, without profound meaning. The second section merely mentions it incidentally while discussing acupoints, and the fourth section extends the discussion from Heat, making this chapter indeed a composite compilation.
Huangdi asked: Why does the Shaoyin meridian govern the Kidney? Why does the Kidney govern Water metabolism? Qibo replied: The Kidney belongs to Extreme Yin (Zhi Yin), which means it stores abundant Water. The Lung belongs to Taiyin, and the Shaoyin meridian corresponds to the pulse of Winter. Therefore, the root of Water lies in the Kidney, and its branches extend to the Lung, both resulting in fluid accumulation. (Note: "Yin" refers to Cold. At Winter Solstice, Cold is most severe, and Kidney Qi resonates with it, hence the Kidney is called Extreme Yin. Water flourishes in Winter, hence Extreme Yin stores abundant Water. The Shaoyin meridian ascends from the Kidney, passes through the Liver and Diaphragm, and enters the Lung, hence the root is in the Kidney and the branch in the Lung. If Kidney Qi rebels upward, Water pathogen lodges in the Lung, hence fluid accumulates. Comment: "Abundant Water" refers to Water flourishing in Winter. Water originates from the Kidney, hence Root; overflowing from Kidney to Lung, hence Branch.) Huangdi said: Why can the Kidney accumulate Water and cause disease? Qibo said: The Kidney is the gate of the Stomach. If the gate is not functioning properly, Water accumulates and develops according to its nature. (Note: The "gate" controls entry and exit. The Kidney governs the Lower Jiao, and the Bladder is the Fu organ responsible for distribution and excretion. The anterior and posterior orifices are the gates. When Kidney Qi transforms normally, the two orifices are patent, keeping the Stomach full. Thus, the Kidney is the gate of the Stomach. Closure leads to Water retention; Water retention leads to Qi stagnation; Qi stagnation generates Water; Water generation causes Qi overflow. Since Qi and Water are of the same category, improper gate function leads to Water accumulation following its kind. *Ling Shu* states: "Overflow from the Lower Jiao becomes Water." This refers to that. Comment: The classic says the Stomach relies on the Kidney as a gate, meaning the Kidney governs the Lower Jiao and manages waterways. Its Qi descends, preventing upper obstruction. Note this. However, the Kidney governs Qi transformation, and Mingmen Fire generates Spleen/Stomach Earth. Abundant Kidney Qi ensures flow; deficient Kidney Qi causes stagnation. The Stomach's patency or blockage depends on the Kidney as its origin, which must be understood.) Water overflowing上下 (upper and lower) onto the skin causes edema. Edema is disease caused by accumulated Water. (Comment: "Upper and lower" refers to the whole body. Annotations interpreting this solely as Kidney/Lung are incorrect. Pronunciation: fu.) Huangdi asked: Do all Water diseases originate from the Kidney? Qibo said: The Kidney is a Yin Zang (Pin Zang). "Pin" means Yin. Earthly Qi rising belongs to the Kidney and generates fluid, hence called Extreme Yin. If one exerts force vigorously and labors excessively, Kidney sweat occurs. If this sweat encounters Wind, it cannot enter the Zang-Fu internally nor vent through the skin externally. It lodges in the Xuancu (sweat pores), travels within the skin, and transforms into edema. Originating in the Kidney, it is named Fengshui (Wind Edema). The so-called Xuancu refers to sweat pores. (Note: Vigorous exertion and labor refer to sexual intercourse. Labor/vigorous activity opens the Xuancu; sweating then encountering Wind closes the Xuancu again. Closed, residual sweat remains trapped in the skin, transforming into Water, combining with Wind to cause Water disease, hence Fengshui. Comment: "Vigorous" means strength. Excessive labor implies relying on strength for intercourse or strenuous travel. Focusing only on intercourse is biased.)
Huangdi asked: What do the fifty-seven acupoints for treating Water primarily govern? Qibo said: There are fifty-seven points associated with the Kidney, which are where Yin Qi gathers and where Water enters and exits. (Comment: The Kidney governs Water, so these are called Water points. The Kidney resides internally, and Shu points respond externally. When Kidney disease accumulates, Water exits/enters via these points.) Above the sacrum, there are five rows, each with five points; these are the Kidney Shu points. (There are five rows of Back-Shu points on the back. The middle row is where Du Meridian Qi issues; the adjacent four rows are where Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian Qi issues.) Therefore, in Water disease, if there is edema and abdominal distension below, and wheezing/calling out with inability to lie flat above, both root and branch are diseased. Thus, the Lung causes wheezing/calling, the Kidney causes edema, and the Lung causes rebellion/inability to lie flat. (...Water residing below in the Kidney causes edema from abdomen to feet; entering above into the Lung causes rapid panting and loud calling. Root and branch: Lung is branch, Kidney is root. Comment: Only the Lung governs wheezing/calling because lying down exacerbates Qi rebellion.) Above the Futu point, there are two rows on each side, each with five points; these are the pathways of the Kidney. (Jie means pathway. Five rows of anterior abdominal points: those flanking the midline are where Kidney Foot-Shaoyin and Chong Meridian Qi issue; next outward are where Stomach Foot-Yangming Qi issues. These four rows are above Futu.) The Three Yin meridians intersect at the foot. Above each ankle, there is one row with six points; this is the downward path of the Kidney Meridian, named Taichong. All fifty-seven points are the Yin collaterals of the Zang organs and places where Water lodges. (Regarding the fifty-seven points: Above sacrum, five rows of five. Middle row of spine, Du Meridian: Jizhong, Xuanxu, Mingmen, Yaoshu, Changqiang. Next to Du, Foot-Taiyang: Dachangshu, Xiaochangshu, Pangguangshu, Zhongliao, Baihuan. Next outward, Foot-Taiyang: Weicang, Huangmen, Zhishi, Baohuang, Zhibian. Above Futu, two rows each side of Ren Meridian, intersection of Chong and Foot-Shaoyin: Zhongzhu, Siman, Qixue, Dahe, Henggu. Next to Chong/Shao-yang, Foot-Yangming: Wailing, Daju, Shuidao, Guilai, Qijie. Above ankle, one row six points: Inner ankle has Foot-Shaoyin Yin Qiao Meridian ascending. Foot-Shaoyin has Taichong, Fuliou, Yinggu. Yin Qiao has Zhaohai, Jiaoxin, Zubin. Yin Qiao is a branch of Foot-Shaoyin and can treat together. Counting these, one is missing. Comment: Xin Zhengjiao notes: "Wang Shi says one is missing. In *Qifu Lun* note, below 12th thoracic vertebra is Yangguan. Including Yangguan, none is missing." Acupuncture/moxibustion details are in *Qixue Lun* note, omitted here, listing only names.)
Huangdi asked: Why take Collateral vessels and muscle spaces in Spring? Qibo said: In Spring, Wood begins to govern, Liver Qi begins to generate. Liver Qi is urgent, Wind is swift. Meridians are deep, but Qi is scarce and cannot penetrate deeply, so we take Collaterals and muscle spaces. (Comment: Collaterals/muscle spaces are inside hair follicles/sweat pores, outside meridians. Because Liver Wood is swift/windy and superficial, acupuncture should not be deep.) Huangdi asked: Why take Shengjing (Full Meridians) and Fenrou (Muscle intervals) in Summer? Qibo said: In Summer, Fire begins to govern, Heart Qi begins to grow. Pulses are thin, Qi is weak. Yang Qi overflows, heat steams Fenrou, reaching internally to meridians. So we take Shengjing and Fenrou, cutting the skin to remove disease, because pathogens are shallow. Shengjing refers to Yang meridians. (Comment: Summer heat floats, pathogens stay in Yang division. Needles need not be deep. "Cutting skin" means removing pathogens just by penetrating skin. Wang edition has "Liuyi"; if retained, it cannot overflow. Xin Zhengjiao says another version has "Liuyi" (flowing/overflowing), which is correct. Follow it.) Huangdi asked: Why take Jing-Spring and Shu points in Autumn? Qibo said: In Autumn, Metal begins to govern, Lung Qi gathers and肃杀 (purges). Metal overcomes Fire. Yang Qi is at He-Sea points, Yin Qi begins to overcome, dampness affects the body. (Comment: Lung governs gathering/purging, Qi is austere. Heat recedes, cool arises, Fire declines, Metal flourishes. Flourishing Metal overcomes Fire. Autumn cool is gradual cold, so Yin Qi begins to overcome. Autumn fog/dew, so dampness affects body.) Yin Qi is not yet strong, cannot penetrate deep, so take Shu to drain Yin pathogen, take He to empty Yang pathogen. Yang Qi begins to decline, so take He points. (Comment: Lung uses Taiyuan as Shu, Chize as He. Xin Zhengjiao: "Huangfu Mi says: This refers to early Autumn treatment changes.") Huangdi asked: Why take Jing-Well and Ying-Spring points in Winter? Qibo said: In Winter, Water begins to govern, Kidney closes. Yang Qi is weak, Yin Qi is firm and strong. Juyang (Taiyang) sinks and hides, Yang meridines depart. (Comment: "Fang bi" means early Winter. Yang weak, Yin strong. After Winter Solstice, one Yang begins to arise. "Depart" means sinking/hiding.) So take Jing-Well to descend Yin rebellion, take Ying-Spring to tonify Yang Qi. (Comment: Winter Yin-Cold rebels, suppress it downward. Winter Yang is subtle, tonifying is precious. *Jia Yi* and *Qian Jin* read "Tong", incorrect. Yuan Qi reads "Yi", especially incorrect.) Hence: Winter takes Jing-Well/Ying-Spring, Spring avoids Biyun (nasal congestion/epistaxis). This is what is meant. (Comment: Jing is where Qi emerges, Ying where it flows, Shu where it pours, Jing where it travels, He where it enters. Taking Jing/Ying in Winter descends Yin and tonifies Yang, showing they suppress Yin and assist Yang. Autumn taking Jing/Shu drains Yin deficiency/Yang excess; Summer taking Shengjing removes shallow pathogens, showing Jing/Shu drain pathogens.)
Huangdi said: You mentioned fifty-nine Shu points for treating Febrile Diseases. I pondered their meaning but could not distinguish their locations. I wish to know their locations and intent. Qibo said: Five rows of five points on the head disperse rebellious Heat from all Yang meridians. (Five rows on head: Middle row Shangxing, Xinhui, Qian Ding, Baihui, Hou Ding. Next sides Wuchu, Chengguang, Tongtian, Luoque, Yuzhen. Next sides Linqi, Mucuang, Zhengying, Chengling, Naokong. Comment: Head is chief of all Yang. Heat in Yang rebels upward. Fire rises, follows its kind. "Yue" means disperse, dispersing Fire of Yang meridians.) Dazhu, Ying Shu (Zhongfu), Quepen, Bei Shu (Fengmen): These eight points drain Heat in the Chest. (Dazhu: Below 1st cervical vertebra, 1.5 cun lateral, depression. Intersection of Du, Hand/Foot-Taiyang. Ying Shu is Zhongfu: Lateral to sternum, 6 cun apart, 1 cun below Yunmen, 3 rib interspace above nipple, arterial pulse felt. Supine position. Intersection of Hand/Foot-Taiyin. Quepen: Depression in clavicular fossa. Foot-Yangming issues. Bei Shu is Fengmen/Re Fu: Below 2nd thoracic vertebra, 1.5 cun lateral. Du/Foot-Taiyang intersection. Comment: Xin Zhengjiao: "Wang Shi in *Cire Lun* didn't specify Bei Shu location, here identifies Fengmen. In *Qixue Lun*, Dazhu is Bei Shu. Discrepancy suggests doubt.") Qijie, Zusanli, Shangjuxu, Xiajuxu: These eight points drain Heat in the Stomach. (Qijie: Below umbilicus, ends of transverse bone, 1 cun above inguinal ligament, arterial pulse. Foot-Yangming. Zusanli: 3 cun below knee, lateral to tibial tuberosity, between muscles. Foot-Yangming enters. Shangjuxu: Foot-Yangming/Da Chang intersection, 3 cun below Zusanli. Xiajuxu: Foot-Yangming/Xiao Chang intersection, 3 cun below Shangjuxu. Comment: Xin Zhengjiao: "Qijie annotations vary, see previous Shui Re Xue note.") Yunmen, Jianyu, Weizhong, Suikong: These eight points drain Heat in the Four Limbs. (Yunmen: Below Jugu, lateral to sternum, 6 cun apart, arterial pulse. Foot-Taiyin. Raise arm. Verify *Zhonggao Kongxue Tujing*: No Jianyu point, has Jianyu [shoulder tip] between two bones. Hand-Yangming Qiao intersection. Weizhong: Posterior knee crease center, arterial pulse. Foot-Taiyang enters. Comment: *Zhonggao* says Yaoshu is Suikong, below 21st thoracic vertebra, Du Meridian. Comment: Stomach governs limbs; limbs are root of Yang, receiving Qi from Stomach. Heat in Stomach/limbs can use the previous 16 points. Pronunciation: yu.) Five points beside the Five Zang Shu: These ten points drain Heat in the Five Zang. (Beside Shu: Pohu, Shentang, Hunmen, Yishe, Zhishi. Lateral to spine, 3 cun apart. Foot-Taiyang. All fifty-nine points are pathways for Heat. (Comment: Left/right means pathways.)
Huangdi asked: Why does injury by Cold transmit to Heat? Qibo said: Severe Cold generates Heat. (Injury by Cold transforms to Heat; sweating cures it, revealing external constriction and internal stagnation. This is acute disease of a few days. Comment: *Re Lun* says: "Sensation of Cold results in Heat disease.")