茯苓四两 桂枝三两（去皮） 白术三两 甘草二两（炙）
上四味，以水六升，煮取三升，去滓〔法〕，分温三服〔法〕。
此太阳、太阴方也，膀胱气钝则水蓄，脾不行津液则饮聚。白术、甘草和脾以运津液，
茯苓
芍药六两 甘草三两 桂枝三两（去皮） 生姜二两（切） 大枣十二枚（擘） 胶饴
一升
上六味，以水七升，煮取三升，去滓〔法〕，纳胶饴更上微火消解〔法〕，温服一升〔法〕
，日三服〔法〕。
建中者，建中气也。名之曰小者，酸甘缓中，仅能建中焦营气也。前桂枝汤是芍药佐桂
枝，
胶饴
柔阳
桂枝三两（去皮） 甘草二两（炙） 生姜三两（切） 大枣十二枚（擘） 蜀漆三两
（洗去腥）
牡蛎五两（熬） 龙骨四两
上为末〔法〕，以水一斗二升，先煮蜀漆减二升〔法〕，纳诸药，煮
取三升，去滓〔法〕，
火迫心经之阳，非酸收可安，故去芍药，而用龙、牡镇摄，藉桂枝、蜀漆疾趋阳位，以
救卒
从阳
桂枝一两（去皮） 甘草二两 牡蛎二两（熬） 龙骨二两
上四味，为末〔法〕，以水五升，煮取二升半，去滓〔法〕，温服八合〔法〕，日三服〔法
桂枝、甘草、龙骨、牡蛎，其义取重于龙、牡之固涩。仍标之曰桂甘者，盖阴钝之药，
不佐
越之
茯苓四两，桂枝三两（去皮），白术三两，甘草二两（炙）。
以上四味药，用水六升，煎煮至三升，滤去药渣，分三次温服。
这是治疗太阳病与太阴病的方剂，膀胱气化不利则水液停蓄，脾运化津液功能失常则痰饮积聚。白术、甘草调和脾胃以运化津液，
茯苓
芍药六两，甘草三两，桂枝三两（去皮），生姜二两（切片），大枣十二枚（掰开），饴糖一升。
以上六味药，用水七升，煎煮至三升，滤去药渣，加入饴糖，再用小火微火加热使其溶解，每次温服一升，每日服用三次。
所谓“建中”，即建立中焦之气。命名为“小”者，是因为酸甘合用能缓急和中，仅能建立中焦的营气。前文提到的桂枝汤是芍药辅助桂枝，
饴糖
柔养阳气
桂枝三两（去皮），甘草二两（炙），生姜三两（切片），大枣十二枚（掰开），蜀漆三两
（水洗去腥味）
牡蛎五两（煅烧），龙骨四两。
以上药物研为细末，用水一斗二升，先煎煮蜀漆减少二升，再加入其他药物，煎煮
至三升，滤去药渣，
火热之邪逼迫心经之阳，非酸敛之法所能安宁，故去掉芍药，而使用龙骨、牡蛎镇惊安神，借助桂枝、蜀漆迅速趋向阳位，以救治突然
从阳
桂枝一两（去皮），甘草二两，牡蛎二两（煅烧），龙骨二两。
以上四味药，研为细末，用水五升，煎煮至二升半，滤去药渣，温服八合，每日服用三次。
桂枝、甘草、龙骨、牡蛎，其意义重在龙骨、牡蛎的固涩收敛作用。仍标示为“桂甘”者，因为阴寒凝滞的药物，
不佐以
发散之力
Fuling (Poria) 4 liang, Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) 3 liang (bark removed), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) 3 liang, Gancao (Licorice Root) 2 liang (honey-fried).
The above four ingredients are decocted with 6 sheng of water until 3 sheng remains. The dregs are strained off, and the liquid is divided into three warm doses.
This is a formula for Taiyang disease (disease of the Bladder and Small Intestine channels) and Taiyin disease (disease of the Spleen and Stomach channels). When the Qi transformation of the Bladder is sluggish, water accumulates; when the Spleen fails to transport and transform fluids, fluid retention gathers. Baizhu and Gancao harmonize the Spleen to facilitate the transportation of fluids,
Fuling (Poria)
Shaoyao (White Peony Root) 6 liang, Gancao (Licorice Root) 3 liang, Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) 3 liang (bark removed), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) 2 liang (sliced), Dazao (Jujube) 12 pieces (split open), Yitang (Maltose) 1 sheng.
The above six ingredients are decocted with 7 sheng of water until 3 sheng remains. The dregs are strained off, Yitang (Maltose) is added, and it is gently heated over a low fire until dissolved. Each dose is 1 sheng taken warm, administered three times daily.
"Jianzhong" refers to establishing the Qi of the Middle Jiao. It is named "Xiao" (Small) because the combination of sour and sweet flavors relaxes tension and harmonizes the middle, capable only of establishing the Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) of the Middle Jiao. In the preceding Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction), Shaoyao assists Guizhi,
Yitang (Maltose)
to soften and nourish Yang.
Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) 3 liang (bark removed), Gancao (Licorice Root) 2 liang (honey-fried), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) 3 liang (sliced), Dazao (Jujube) 12 pieces (split open), Shuqi (Herba Pteridii Preparata) 3 liang
(washed to remove fishy odor)
Muli (Oyster Shell) 5 liang (calcined), Longgu (Fossilized Bones) 4 liang.
The above drugs are ground into powder. With 1 dou 2 sheng of water, Shuqi is first decocted until reduced by 2 sheng. Then the other drugs are added, and decocted until
3 sheng remains. The dregs are strained off.
When Fire pathogen forces the Yang of the Heart Meridian, acid astringents alone cannot calm it. Therefore, Shaoyao is omitted, and Longgu and Muli are used to anchor and subdue. Relying on Guizhi and Shuqi to swiftly ascend to the Yang positions, they rescue sudden [pathology]
from Yang.
Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) 1 liang (bark removed), Gancao (Licorice Root) 2 liang, Muli (Oyster Shell) 2 liang (calcined), Longgu (Fossilized Bones) 2 liang.
The above four ingredients are ground into powder. With 5 sheng of water, decoct until 2.5 sheng remains. Strain off the dregs. Take 8 ge warm, three times daily.
The combination of Guizhi, Gancao, Longgu, and Muli emphasizes the astringent and consolidating properties of Longgu and Muli. It is still labeled as "Guigan" (Cinnamon and Licorice) because Yin-cold stagnant medicines,
without assistance of
dispersing action