妇人病倍于男子,因产之症偏多也。夫产后血块,医家所当先论,毋视为轻而忽之也。
因古
《局方》偏用苏木、蓬、棱,峻攻块痛,反损破新血,而重虚产妇,俾后学世相授受,信用
误人,不知几千年矣。无异于刃之杀人也,故特书列首章,普告事产者,勿视血块症轻,而
妄用苏木、蓬、棱,以轻人命也。一应散血方、破血药,虽山楂性缓,不可单用,俱害人性
命者也。
生化汤治血块,娩后化旧生新之圣药也。又加益母丸,鹿角灰,就用生化汤送一钱。外
用烘
热衣服暖和块痛处,虽暑月亦要和暖。大抵产妇劳伤气血,并虚娩子后,无力送胞送块,留
滞腹中作痛,甚有气不运而昏迷晕厥,切不可妄论恶血抢心,妄用苏木等散血之剂以杀人也
。只频服生化汤几帖,实时块消痛止,神清气复而顿爽,舒畅平安矣。行血如生地、牛膝。
败血如三棱、蓬术,俗用山楂、沙糖消块,姜、椒、艾、酒定痛,多致淋、崩、昏晕等症。
凡分娩之后,眼见黑花,头眩昏晕,不知人事,谓之血晕。其因有三∶一因劳倦甚而气
竭神
昏;二因血大脱而气欲绝;三因痰火乘虚泛上,而神不清,患此三者,皆魂不随神,往来机
运而几息也。当急服预煎下生化汤,以行块定痛,化旧生新,实时血生气转,神渐清而心有
主,频服二三帖完,其昏乱即定,乃芎归性有化生之功也。若偏信古方,认晕症为恶血抢上
迷心,而轻用散血之剂,认谓痰火,而治以降火清凉之方,误之甚也。外以醋韭冲鼻之法,
烧漆之方,亦不可缓。医者不可妄论恶血上抢心,而用苏木等以峻攻新血,又不可信用古方
,用牡丹夺命之方以败血,而反损人之命也。再叮咛临产之际,必用预煎生化汤,预烧硬石
子秤锤,候儿下地,连服两三帖,药共三煎。又产妇枕边用醋韭投锤子瓶之法,决无晕症。
又儿生下时,举家不可喜子慢母,产母亦不可顾子忘倦。又不可产讫即卧,或忿怒气逆,皆
要血逆致晕,至嘱,附方于后。
加减生化汤 治产后三等血晕。
川芎(三钱) 当归(六钱) 干姜(四分) 桃仁(十粒) 炙甘草(五分) 荆芥(五分)
枣引,水煎。
加减法 劳倦昏而甚,及血崩、气血脱而晕,并宜速灌生化汤两帖。如形色脱,或汗多
而脱
,皆用急服一帖,后即加人参三四钱,肉桂四分,决不可疑参为补而缓服。又痰火乘虚泛上
而晕,方内加橘红四分,虚甚亦可加参二钱,肥人多痰,再加竹沥七分酒盏,姜汁少许。以
上三等晕症,并不可用苏木破血等药,其血块痛甚,兼送益母一法,或送鹿灰,或元胡索,
或用独行散。以上消块方,服一方见效,不须易方。
从权救急加参生化汤 治产后形色脱晕,或汗脱晕。
川芎(二钱) 当归(四钱) 干姜(四分) 桃仁(十粒) 炙甘草(四分) 人参(三钱)
水煎服。
血块痛甚,加肉桂七分。渴,加麦冬一钱,五味子十粒。汗多,加麻黄根一钱。如块不
痛,
加黄 一钱以止汗。伤饭面,加炒神曲八分,麦芽五分。伤肉,加山楂五分,砂仁四分。人
参补而行, 术补而不行,故产后七日,血块未除,宁用人参,不可用 、术、地。予见庸
医用此,致心腹痛而毙。
妇女的疾病比男子多,因为与分娩相关的病症偏多。产后血块病,是医生应当首先论述的,不要把它看作轻症而忽视它。
古代《局方》(宋代官方药典)偏向使用苏木、蓬术、三棱,猛烈攻伐血块疼痛,反而损伤并破败新产生的血液,使产妇更加虚弱,让后世的医者世代相传,误信害人,不知已有几千年了。这无异于用刀杀人,所以特意将其列在首章,普遍告诫从事产科的医生,不要因为血块症看起来轻微,就妄用苏木、蓬术、三棱,从而轻视人命。所有散血方剂、破血药物,即使是性味缓和的山楂,也不可以单独使用,它们都是有害人生命的。
生化汤治疗血块,是产后化除旧血、生成新血的圣药。另外加入益母丸、鹿角灰,就用生化汤送服一钱。外用烘热的衣服温暖血块疼痛的部位,即使在暑天也要保持温暖。大抵产妇因劳损导致气血受伤,并在虚弱的状态下娩出胎儿后,无力排出胞衣和血块,导致滞留腹中引起疼痛,甚至有气机不运而导致昏迷晕厥的情况,切不可妄断为恶血抢心,妄用苏木等散血药剂来杀人。只需频繁服用几帖生化汤,立刻血块消除、疼痛停止,神志清爽、正气恢复而顿感爽快,舒畅平安了。行血药如生地、牛膝;败血药如三棱、蓬术。世俗常用山楂、砂糖消块,姜、椒、艾、酒定痛,多导致淋证、崩漏、昏晕等症状。
凡是分娩之后,眼前看见黑花,头晕目眩,人事不知,称为血晕。其原因有三:一是因过度劳累导致气竭神昏;二是因大量失血导致气欲绝;三是因痰火乘虚上泛,导致神志不清。患这三种情况的,都是神魂不能随形体运作,气息奄奄几乎断绝。应当紧急服用预先煎好的生化汤,以行血块、定疼痛、化旧生新,立刻血生气转,神志逐渐清醒而有主宰,频繁服用二三帖痊愈,其昏乱即刻安定,这是因为川芎、当归具有化生的功效。如果偏信古方,将晕症认作恶血抢上迷心,而轻率使用散血药剂;或者认作痰火,而用降火清凉的方子治疗,这是很大的错误。外用醋韭冲鼻的方法,烧漆熏鼻的方法,也不可迟缓。医生不可妄论恶血上抢心,而用苏木等猛烈攻伐新血,也不可迷信古方,用牡丹皮夺命汤等败血药剂,反而损害人的性命。再叮咛临产之际,必须预先煎好生化汤,预先烧硬石子或秤锤,候婴儿落地,连续服用两三帖,药物共煎三次。又在产妇枕边准备醋韭投入锤子瓶中的方法,决不会有晕症。还有婴儿生下时,全家不可只顾喜子而慢待母亲,产妇也不可顾子忘倦。又不可生产完毕立即躺卧,或愤怒气逆,都要导致血逆致晕,务必嘱咐,附方在后面。
加减生化汤 治疗产后三等血晕。
川芎(三钱) 当归(六钱) 干姜(四分) 桃仁(十粒) 炙甘草(五分) 荆芥(五分)
大枣引经,水煎。
加减法 因劳累昏沉严重,以及血崩、气血脱失导致的晕厥,都适宜速灌生化汤两帖。如果形色脱失,或汗多而脱失,都应急服一帖,之后加入人参三四钱,肉桂四分,决不可怀疑人参为补药而缓慢服用。又是痰火乘虚上泛导致的晕厥,方中加入橘红四分,虚甚也可加人参二钱,肥胖人多痰,再加竹沥七分酒盏,姜汁少许。以上三等晕症,都不可用苏木破血等药,如果血块疼痛严重,兼送服益母丸一种方法,或送服鹿角灰,或延胡索,或用独行散。以上消块方剂,服用一方见效,不需要更换方子。
从权救急加参生化汤 治疗产后形色脱晕,或汗脱晕。
川芎(二钱) 当归(四钱) 干姜(四分) 桃仁(十粒) 炙甘草(四分) 人参(三钱)
水煎服。
血块疼痛严重,加肉桂七分。口渴,加麦冬一钱,五味子十粒。汗多,加麻黄根一钱。如果血块不痛,加黄芪一钱以止汗。伤食饭面,加炒神曲八分,麦芽五分。伤肉食,加山楂五分,砂仁四分。人参补气而行气,白术补气而不行气,所以产后七日,血块未除,宁可用人参,不可用白术、熟地。我见过庸医使用这些,导致心腹痛而死。
Women's diseases are twice as many as men's, due to the prevalence of childbirth-related conditions. Postpartum blood stasis (blood clots) is a condition that physicians must discuss first; do not regard it as minor and neglect it.
The ancient *Ju Fang* (Formulas of the Imperial Pharmacy) biasedly used Suxmu (Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae), Pengzhu (Rhizoma Curcumae), and Sanleng (Rhizoma Sparganii) for aggressive attack on mass pain, which instead damaged and broke down newly formed blood, further debilitating the postpartum woman. This error was passed down through generations of practitioners, misleading people for thousands of years. It is no different from killing with a blade. Therefore, it is specifically listed in the first chapter to universally warn obstetricians: do not treat blood stasis as a mild condition and recklessly use Suxmu, Pengzhu, or Sanleng, thereby endangering lives. All blood-dispersing formulas and blood-breaking herbs, even Shanzha (Fructus Crataegi), which has a mild nature, should not be used alone; they are all harmful to life.
Shenghua Tang (Decoction for Generating New Blood) treats blood stasis; it is the sacred medicine for transforming old blood and generating new blood after delivery. Additionally, add Yimu Wan (Motherwort Pill) and Lujiaohui (Ash of Deer Horn), administered with one qian of Shenghua Tang. Externally, apply warm clothes heated by ironing to the area of mass pain; even in summer, warmth must be maintained. Generally, postpartum women suffer from qi and blood injury due to labor, and after delivering the fetus in a weakened state, they lack the strength to expel the placenta and blood clots, causing them to stagnate in the abdomen and induce pain. In severe cases, stagnant qi may lead to coma and syncope. One must never rashly diagnose this as "evil blood snatching the heart" and recklessly use blood-dispersing agents like Suxmu to kill patients. Simply administer several doses of Shenghua Tang frequently; immediately, the masses will dissipate, pain will cease, spirit will clear, qi will recover, and the patient will feel refreshed and peaceful. Blood-moving herbs include Shengdi (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata) and Niuxi (Radix Achyranthis Bidentata); blood-breaking herbs include Sanleng and Pengzhu. Common folk practices using Shanzha and brown sugar to dissolve masses, and ginger, pepper, mugwort, and wine to relieve pain, often result in strangury, metrorrhagia, and syncope.
After delivery, if one sees black spots before the eyes, experiences dizziness and fainting, and loses consciousness, it is called Xueyun (Blood Syncope). There are three causes: first, extreme fatigue leading to exhaustion of qi and clouding of spirit; second, massive blood loss leading to impending collapse of qi; third, phlegm-fire rising due to deficiency, clouding the spirit. In these three cases, the soul does not follow the spirit, and vital breath is nearly exhausted. One should urgently administer pre-decocted Shenghua Tang to move blood masses, relieve pain, transform old blood, and generate new blood. Immediately, blood generates and qi turns, spirit gradually clears, and the mind regains control. Frequent administration of two or three doses resolves the condition, calming confusion, due to the generative power of Xiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong) and Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis). If one blindly trusts ancient formulas, mistaking syncope for evil blood rushing up to confuse the heart, and lightly uses blood-dispersing agents; or mistakes it for phlegm-fire and treats it with cooling and fire-descending formulas, this is a grave error. External methods such as stimulating the nose with vinegar and chives, or fumigating with burning lacquer, must not be delayed. Physicians must not rashly diagnose evil blood rushing to the heart and use harsh blood-breaking agents like Suxmu to attack new blood; nor should they trust ancient formulas like Mudan Dueming Tang (Peony Life-Taking Decoction) to break blood, which would反而 damage life. Again, I urge that at the time of delivery, one must have Shenghua Tang pre-decocted and hard stones or lead weights pre-heated. After the infant is born, administer two or three doses continuously, decocting the medicine three times. Also, place a bottle containing vinegar and chives near the pillow with a hot weight; this method ensures no syncope occurs. When the baby is born, the family must not rejoice over the child while neglecting the mother; the mother must not forget her fatigue for the sake of the child. One must not lie down immediately after delivery, nor become angry with reversed qi, as these can cause blood reversal leading to syncope. These points are emphasized, and formulas are attached below.
Jiajian Shenghua Tang (Modified Decoction for Generating New Blood) treats three types of postpartum blood syncope.
Xiong (3 qian), Danggui (6 qian), Ganjiang (4 fen), Taoren (10 grains), Zhigancao (5 fen), Jingjie (5 fen).
Use Jujube as a guide, decoct in water.
Modifications: For severe fatigue-induced syncope, as well as syncope due to metrorrhagia and depletion of qi and blood, quickly administer two doses of Shenghua Tang. If complexion is pale/depleted or there is excessive sweating leading to depletion, urgently take one dose, then add Renshen (3-4 qian) and Rougui (4 fen). Do not hesitate to use Renshen thinking it is too tonic and slow-acting. For syncope caused by phlegm-fire rising due to deficiency, add Juhong (4 fen) to the formula; if deficiency is severe, also add Renshen (2 qian). Obese people tend to have phlegm; add Zhuli (7 fen in a wine cup) and a little Jiangzhi (Ginger Juice). For the above three types of syncope, do not use blood-breaking drugs like Suxmu. If blood mass pain is severe, additionally administer Yimu Wan, or Lujiaohui, or Yanhusuo, or Duxing San. Among these mass-dissolving formulas, if one shows efficacy, there is no need to change the formula.
Congquan Jiujia Shen Shenghua Tang (Emergency Ginseng-Added Decoction for Generating New Blood) treats postpartum syncope due to depleted complexion or excessive sweating.
Xiong (2 qian), Danggui (4 qian), Ganjiang (4 fen), Taoren (10 grains), Zhigancao (4 fen), Renshen (3 qian).
Decoct in water and take.
If blood mass pain is severe, add Rougui (7 fen). If thirsty, add Maidong (1 qian) and Wuweizi (10 grains). If sweating excessively, add Mahuanggen (1 qian). If the mass is not painful, add Huangqi (1 qian) to stop sweating. If food stagnation from rice/noodles, add Chao Shenqu (8 fen) and Maiya (5 fen). If meat stagnation, add Shanzha (5 fen) and Sharen (4 fen). Renshen tonifies qi and promotes movement; Baizhu tonifies qi but does not promote movement. Therefore, within seven days postpartum, if blood masses remain, it is better to use Renshen than Baizhu or Shudi. I have seen quacks use these, resulting in death from heart and abdominal pain.