伤风在阳，脉浮而滑。伤风在阴，脉濡而弱。六经皆伤，或弦而数。阳不浮数，反濡而弱。阴不濡弱，
反浮而滑。此非风寒，乃属温湿。若止濡缓，或兼细涩。此非风湿，更属湿着。
风为阳邪，风伤则脉自有浮滑弦数之象。但风有伤于阴，则浮与滑
自不克见，以阳为阴所闭也。反是多因风为湿阻，故又名为风湿。如至浮数俱无，独见濡缓细涩，定知为湿所
淫，所当分别以视也。
阴阳俱盛，热病之征。浮则脉滑，沉则数涩。中暑伤气，所以脉虚。或弦或细，或芤或迟。脉虽不一，
总皆虚类。
凡脉而见阴阳俱盛者，未有不因热邪充溢之故。所以脉浮而滑，其热必挟有饮。脉沉数涩，其热必伤于
阴。若暑则多气虚不固，以致暑得内袭，而脉亦虚不振。即或体有不同，脉见芤弦细迟。然要皆属虚类，
而不可实攻耳。
瘟脉无名，变见诸经。脉随病见，不可指定。
疫邪伏于募原，时出时没，其脉变换不定，故但随其所见以为指耳。
疟则自弦，弦即疟候。兼迟则寒，兼数则热。代散脉见，其体则折。
疟因风木邪盛凌土而湿不化，致挟停痰积饮而成，故脉始见自弦；再于兼见之中，别其寒热酌治，则病自
愈。惟代散脉见，则命其必绝矣。
风寒湿气，合为五痹。浮涩与紧，三脉乃备，香港脚之脉，其状有四。浮弦为风，濡弱为湿。迟涩为寒，
洪数为热。痛非外因，当于尺取。滑缓沉弱，随脉酌治。
五痹香港脚等症，总不越乎风寒及湿三者以为之害。即或内淫为热，亦不越乎四者以为之伏。惟有痛非外因，
而脉或于尺部而见，或滑、或缓、或沉、或弱，则又在于随脉酌施。而不可以风寒湿治也。
劳倦内伤，脾脉虚弱。汗出脉燥，治勿有药。劳极诸虚，浮软微弱。土败双弦，火炎则数。
虚症而见虚脉，此顺候也。若汗出而脉反燥，是为大逆，尚有何药
可治乎。故弦数最为虚症切忌。
痞满滑大，痰火作孽。弦伏中虚，微涩衰薄。胀满之脉，浮大洪实。细而沉微，岐黄无术。水肿之症，
有阴有阳。阴脉沉迟，阳脉洪数。浮大则生，沉细勿药。五脏为积，六腑为聚。实强可生，沉细难愈。黄
疸湿热，洪数偏宜。不妨浮大，微涩难医。
痞胀水肿积聚黄胆，虽其病因不同，形症各别；然终宜见有余之脉，则真气未绝，而治尚可愈矣。若至细
小沉涩，形实气馁，将何有药可施乎，故皆为逆。
郁脉皆沉，甚则伏结。或代或促，知是郁极。胃气不失，尚可调治。气痛脉沉，下手便知。沉极则伏，
涩弱难治。亦有沉滑，是气兼痰。心痛在寸，腹痛在关。心腹之痛，其类有九。细迟速愈，浮大延久。两
胁疼痛，脉必双弦。紧细而弦，多怒气偏。沉涩而急，痰瘀之愆。疝属肝病，脉必弦急。牢急者生，弱急者
死。腰痛之脉，必弦而沉。沉为气滞，弦损肾元。兼浮者风，兼紧者寒。濡细则湿，寒则闪挫。头痛之病，
六经皆有。风寒暑湿，气郁皆侵。脉宜浮滑，不宜短涩。
弦急弦沉伏涩紧细，皆是痛症气症郁症本领。但痛极者，则脉必沉必伏。有瘀者，则脉必涩。因湿者，则
脉必濡。因痰者，则脉必滑。因风者，则脉必浮必弦。因寒者，则脉必紧。因湿者，则脉必滞必弱。因
热者，则脉必数。因于痛极阴阳告绝者，则脉必疾。因于积极而痛者，其
脉必牢，须以胃气不失为要。故痛症而见其脉浮大、最属不宜；短涩弱急，亦属不利；惟得沉紧迟缓乃治。但
头痛外感，非属内伤，其脉又宜浮大，最忌短涩，所当分别而异视也。
呕吐反胃，浮滑者昌。弦数紧涩，结肠者亡。饱逆甚危，浮缓乃宜。弦急必死，代结促微。吐泻脉滑，
往来不匀。泻脉必沉，沉迟寒侵。沉数火热，沉虚滑脱。夏月泄泻，暑湿为殃。脉与病应，缓弱是形。微
小则生，浮弦则死。霍乱之脉，代则勿讶。迟微厥逆，是则可嗟。泄泻下痢，沉小滑弱。实大浮数，发热则恶。
吐宜浮缓浮滑，泻宜沉小沉滑，吐泻交作，则脉必见往来不匀，虽暴见代勿虑。如其吐见弦急，泻见浮弦，
并吐泻交作而见迟微厥逆，皆属不治，故以必死为断也。
嘈杂嗳气，审右寸关。紧滑可治，弦急则难。吞酸之脉，多弦而滑。沉迟是寒，洪数是热。痰脉多滑，浮
滑兼风。沉滑兼寒，数滑兼热。弦滑为饮，微滑多虚。滑而兼实，痰在胸膈。结芤涩伏，痰固中脘。
嘈杂嗳气本属脾气不运，故切忌脉弦急，恐木克土故也。吞酸有寒有热、随症所见以为分别，故以沉迟洪
数分之。痰脉因不一端，滑是本象。惟有风则浮，有寒则沉，有热则数，有饮则弦、虚弱则微，结于胸膈为
实，固于中脘，则见结芤涩伏之为异耳。
小便淋秘，鼻色必黄。实大可疗，涩小知亡。遗精白浊，当验于尺。结芤动紧，二症之的。微数精伤，洪
数火逼。亦有心虚，寸左短小。脉迟可生，急疾便夭。
便结之脉，迟伏勿疑。热结沉数，虚结沉迟。若是风燥，右尺浮起。
淋秘脉见涩小，精血已败，死亡至矣，此脉见不及者之必死也。遗浊虽有微数洪数短小之分，然急疾脉至，
又非所宜，故曰便夭，此脉见太过者之必死也。若在便闭，里气不通，固应迟伏；然风寒湿热，当于脉迟脉
数脉浮分辨，不可混同而罔治也。
咳嗽多浮，浮濡易治。沉伏而紧，死期将至。喘息抬肩，浮滑是顺。沉涩肢寒，均为逆症。
咳嗽肺疾，脉浮为宜，兼濡亦为病气将退。若使沉伏与紧，便与病反，故曰必死。喘症无非风痰内涌，当以
浮滑为顺。若至肢寒沉涩，亦非吉兆，故曰为逆。
火热之脉，洪数为宜。微弱无神，根本脱离。三消之脉，数大者生。细微短涩，应手堪惊。骨蒸发热，脉
数为虚。热而涩小，必损其躯。痿因肺燥，必见浮弱。寸口若沉，发汗则错。
火症应见火脉，故三消骨蒸，须以数大为生。反是而见短涩微弱，岂其宜乎。痿症本因肺燥血亏，脉浮尚
不宜汗，岂有宜于寸口脉沉之候乎。
诸症失血，皆见芤脉。随其上下，以验所出。脉贵沉细，浮大难治。蓄血在中，牢大则宜。沉细而微，速
愈者稀。
失血脉宜见芤，以芤主空故也。故脉最宜沉涩而忌浮大，反是则逆矣。若至蓄血，最宜牢实而忌沉细，以
血未损故也。反是峻剂莫投，故曰难愈。
心中惊悸，脉必代结。饮食之悸，沉伏动滑，癫
乃重阴，狂乃重阳。浮洪吉象，沉急凶殃。痫宜虚缓，沉小急实。若但弦急，必死不失。
惊悸非属心气亏损，即属有物阻滞，故脉必见代结。若因饮食致悸，则有沉伏动滑之象，所当审也。癫狂
二症为病尚浅，故宜浮洪而恶沉急，反是则为病气入骨。痫宜虚缓，以其中有痰沫之故。弦急独见，是
为真脏脉出，安望其再生耶。
耳病肾虚，其脉迟濡。浮大为风，洪动为火。沉濡为气，数实为热。若久聋者，端于肾责。暴病浮洪，
两尺相同。或两尺数，阴虚上冲。齿痛肾虚，尺脉濡大。齿痛动摇，尺洪火炎。右寸关数，或洪而弦。非
属肾虚，肠胃风热。口舌生疮，脉洪疾速。若见虚脉，中气不足。喉痹之脉，两寸洪盛。上盛下虚，脉忌微伏。
耳病当责于肾，以其肾窍开于耳者故耳。然亦须以浮风、洪火、濡气、数热、久聋为辨。如其是暴非久，
又以两尺浮弦相同为验耳。齿虽属肾，而齿龈则属于胃，故辨齿痛脉象，须以尺濡、尺洪断其虚实，寸关
洪数与弦，断其肠胃风热，未可尽以肾求也。口舌生疮，必与洪疾为实，虚则多属中气不足。喉痹症属上实，
脉以寸盛为顺。若见微伏，真气已绝，故曰大忌。
中恶腹胀，紧细乃生。浮大为何，邪气已深。鬼祟之脉，左右不齐。乍大乍小，乍数乍迟。中毒洪大，
脉与病符。稍或微细，必倾其身。虫伤之脉，尺沉而滑。紧急莫治，虚小可怯。
中恶宜于紧细，以其邪气未深之故；反是则邪盛正衰，非其宜也。
鬼祟出没不定，故脉有难追求。中毒脉见洪大，是与病应，以毒主阳故也。稍见微细，真气绝矣，岂其宜乎。
虫伤脉多沉滑，以其虫伏于内者故耳。紧急固见伤甚而阴阳离隔，虚小亦恐真气已损，皆为有虑。
妇人之脉，尺宜常盛。右手脉大，亦属顺候。尺脉微迟，经闭三月。气血不足，法当温补。妇人尺脉，
微弱而濡。年少得之，无子之兆。长大得之，绝孕之征。因病脉涩，有孕难保。
妇人以血为主，故尺宜常盛，而右脉宜大。故尺迟则经必闭，微弱而涩，在有孕固不克保，况无孕乎。
崩漏不止，脉多浮动。虚迟者生，实数者死。疝瘕之脉，肝肾弦紧。小便淋闭，少阴弦紧。
崩漏不止，已属血动不归，再见实数，则肾真气已绝，所以不宜见也。疝瘕主于肝肾，故肝肾弦紧，是即
疝瘕之征也。淋闭主于少阴，故少阴弦紧，亦是淋闭之见也。
妇人有子，阴搏阳别。少阴动甚，其胎已结。滑疾不散，胎必三月。但疾不散，五月可别。阳疾为男，
阴疾为女。女腹如箕，男腹如斧。
寸为阳，尺为阴，阴脉既已搏指而与阳寸之脉迥然各别，是即有子之征。心为手少阴经，心主血，若胎已
内结，则少阴之脉，势必往来流利，厥厥如豆之动。疾即数类，滑而且数，按之不散，是其精血已聚，故有三
月之胎。滑诊不见，而但疾而不散，是其骨肉已成，脉无滑气，故有五月之胎。阳疾为男，阴疾为女，以阳主
男阴主女故耳。女胎如箕，男胎如斧，以箕圆象地象阴，斧方象天象阳故耳。阳疾阴疾，统上下表里左右
而言，不拘于左右分也。
妊娠之脉，实大为宜。沉细弦急，虚涩最忌。半
产漏下，脉宜细小。急实断绝，不祥之兆，凡有妊娠，外感风寒。缓滑流利，其脉自佳。虚涩燥急，其胎必
堕。胎前下利，脉宜滑小。若见疾涩，其寿必夭。
妊娠脉宜实大，以其内实故也。沉细弦急，皆为真损胎堕之兆，最为切忌。半产漏下，脉见细小，是与病
应。若胎漏既绝，脉又急实真气已离，岂能生乎。妊娠感冒，脉宜流利，以其胎气未损故耳。虚涩燥急，
是于胎气有损，故不宜见。有胎下利，脉宜滑小，而忌疾涩，以疾则气已离，以涩则血已伤故也，故以滑小为
正。
临产之脉，又宜数滑。弦细短数，最属不利。产后沉小，微弱最宜。急实洪数，岐黄莫治。新产伤阴，
血出不止。尺不上关，其命即丧。新产中风，热邪为殃。浮弱和缓，与病相当。小急弦涩，顷刻身亡。
临产脉乱滑数，是即胎动之应。若弦细短数，则于胎中有损，最为不利。产后胎儿已下，肚腹空虚，实数
不与症应，故曰不治。新产出血不止，尺不上关，元气下脱，不死何待。至于中风脉见和缓，内气未动，故
曰相当。如至小急弦涩，则内气已绝，无复生矣。
男子久病，当诊于气。脉强则生，脉弱则死。女子久病，当诊于血。脉弱则死，脉强则生。
久病则真气多损，故诊强弱以辨生死。但男子则当以气为诊，以男主于气也。女人则当以血为诊。以女主
于血故也。右寸脉强，则气未损，故曰可生。左寸脉旺，则血未竭，故曰不死。
斑疹之脉，沉而且伏。火盛于表，阳脉浮数。热盛于里，阴脉实大。痘疹弦直，或沉细迟。汗后欲解，
脉泼如蛇。伏坚尚可，伏弦堪嗟。
斑疹脉见沉伏，以毒本未伸泄故耳，仍须以脉数实辨其属表属里。痘疹最宜外出，不宜内伏，故弦直细迟
犹可升托，即伏不弦，犹可内解。若至伏弦，则毒内入已深，不能外出，所以堪嗟。
痈疽未溃，脉宜洪大。及其已溃，洪大始戒。肺痈已成，寸数而实。肺痿之脉，数而无力。肺痈色白，
脉宜短涩。浮大相逢，气损无失。肠痈实热，滑数可必。沉细无根，其死可测。
未溃属实，洪大宜矣。溃后则虚，而脉犹见洪大，岂其宜乎。肺痈已成，寸实无虑，以脓在肺未除故也。
肺痿则肺叶焦痿，脉数无力，亦所应见。惟肺痈几作，肺气虚损，其色应白，则脉亦当短涩，方与症应。若
见浮大，知是气损血失，贼邪乘金，最非吉兆。肠痈本属实热，必得滑数，方云无事。若见沉细，是谓无根，
丧期在即。
奇经八脉，不可不察。直上直下，尺寸俱牢。中央坚实，冲脉昭昭，胸中有寒，逆气里急。疝气攻心，
支满溺失。
奇经者，不在十二正经之列，故以奇名。直上直下，弦长相似，尺寸俱牢，亦兼弦长，中央坚实，是明胸
中有寒，故见逆气里急之症。如疝气攻心，正逆急也。支满，胀也。溺失者，冲脉之邪干于肾也。
直上直下，尺寸俱浮。中央浮起，督脉可求。腰背强痛，风痫为忧。
直上直下，则弦长矣；尺寸俱浮，中央亦浮，则六部皆浮，又兼弦长矣；故其见症皆属风象。大抵风伤卫，
故于督表见之；寒伤营，故于冲里见之。
寸口丸丸，紧细实长。男疝女瘕，任脉可详。
寸口者，统寸关尺三部而言，非专指寸一部也。丸丸，动貌。紧细
实长，因寒实于其内而见也。男疝女瘕，即所谓苦少腹绕脐，下引阴中切痛也。
寸左右弹，阳 可决。或痫或 ，病苦在阳。尺左右弹，阴 可别。或痫或螈，病苦在阴。关左右弹，
伤风病邪在阳经，脉象表现为浮而滑。伤风病邪在阴经，脉象表现为濡而弱。六经均受邪气侵袭，脉象可能呈现弦而数。若阳气受邪不应出现浮数之象，反而出现濡弱；若阴气受邪不应出现濡弱之象，反而出现浮滑。这种情况并非风寒所致，而是属于温湿之邪。如果脉象仅见濡缓，或兼有细涩，这并非风湿，更是湿气滞留体内。
风为阳邪，风邪致病则脉象自然会有浮、滑、弦、数的表现。但如果风邪伤及阴分，则浮滑之象便难以显现，这是因为阳气被阴邪闭阻所致。反过来多是因为风邪被湿气阻滞，所以又被称为风湿。如果至脉的浮数和紧象都消失，唯独见到濡缓细涩，可以确定是湿邪淫溢，应当仔细辨别观察。
阴阳脉象俱盛，是热病的征象。脉浮且滑，脉沉且数涩。中暑损伤正气，所以脉象虚软无力。脉象或弦或细，或芤（中空如葱管）或迟。脉象虽然不一，但总归属于虚类。
凡是脉象出现阴阳俱盛的，没有不是因为热邪充溢的缘故。所以脉浮而滑，其热邪必定挟带饮邪。脉沉数涩，其热邪必定损伤阴液。若是暑邪，则多因气虚不固，导致暑邪内袭，脉象也虚软不振。即使体质有所不同，脉象出现芤、弦、细、迟，然而都归属于虚类，不可用攻实的方法治疗。
瘟疫的脉象没有固定名称，变化见于各经。脉象随病情变化，不能指定某一种脉。疫邪潜伏于募原（半表半里之间），时出时没，其脉象变换不定，所以只能根据所见到的脉象来诊察判断。
疟疾病脉象自现弦象，弦脉即是疟疾的候象。兼见迟脉则恶寒，兼见数脉则发热。若出现代脉（止有定数）或散脉（散乱无根），则形体衰败，预后不良。
疟疾因风木邪气旺盛克制脾土，导致湿气不化，致使夹杂停痰积饮而成，所以脉象始见自弦；再于兼见的脉象中，辨别寒热以斟酌施治，病自然痊愈。只有当出现代散脉时，才断定生命必绝。
风寒湿气结合，形成五痹。浮、涩、紧三种脉象具备，是五痹的特征。脚气病的脉象，其形态有四种：浮弦为风，濡弱为湿，迟涩为寒，洪数为热。疼痛若非外因所致，应当在尺部取脉。滑、缓、沉、弱的脉象，需随脉象斟酌施治。
五痹、脚气等病症，总离不开风寒和湿三者为害。即使内部淫变为热，也不超出这四者作为伏邪。唯有疼痛非外因引起，而脉象或在尺部出现，或见滑、缓、沉、弱，则在于随脉象斟酌施用治疗方法，不可以单纯用治风寒湿的方法处理。
劳倦内伤，脾脉虚弱。出汗后脉象燥急，此时不要用药治疗。极度疲劳导致的各种虚证，脉象浮软微弱。脾土败坏见双弦脉，心火炎上则脉数。
虚症见到虚脉，这是顺证。如果出汗而脉反见燥急，这是大逆之象，还有什么药可治呢？所以弦数脉对于虚症是最忌讳的。
痞满胀闷，脉见滑大，是痰火作祟。脉弦伏在中焦示中虚，脉微涩示气血衰薄。胀满之症，脉见浮大洪实。脉细而沉微，即使是岐黄神医也无能为力。水肿之症，有阴水阳水之分。阴水脉沉迟，阳水脉洪数。脉浮大则生，脉沉细则难治（勿药指难治或不宜妄用峻药）。五脏病为积，六腑病为聚。脉实强可生，脉沉细难愈。黄疸湿热，脉洪数偏宜。不妨脉见浮大，脉微涩则难医。
痞胀、水肿、积聚、黄疸，虽然病因不同，形症各异；然而终究适宜见到有余（有力）的脉象，说明真气未绝，治疗尚可痊愈。如果见到细小沉涩，形体虽实而气馁，将有什么药可施呢？所以这些都是逆证。
郁证的脉象皆沉，严重时伏结。或见代脉或促脉，可知是郁极。只要胃气不失，还可以调治。气痛脉沉，下手便能知晓。沉至极点则为伏脉，涩弱难治。也有沉滑脉，是气滞兼有痰饮。心痛在寸口，腹痛在关部。心腹之痛，其类别有九种。脉细迟速愈，脉浮大病程延长。两胁疼痛，脉必双弦。脉紧细而弦，多因怒气偏盛。脉沉涩而急，是痰瘀之过。疝气属肝病，脉必弦急。脉牢急者生，脉弱急者死。腰痛之脉，必弦而沉。沉为气滞，弦损肾元。兼浮者为风，兼紧者为寒。濡细则为湿，寒则闪挫。头痛之病，六经皆有。风寒暑湿，气郁皆能侵袭。脉宜浮滑，不宜短涩。
弦急、弦沉、伏涩、紧细，都是痛症、气症、郁症的本领脉象。但痛极者，脉必沉必伏。有瘀血者，脉必涩。因湿者，脉必濡。因痰者，脉必滑。因风者，脉必浮必弦。因寒者，脉必紧。因湿者，脉必滞必弱。因热者，脉必数。因痛极致阴阳告绝者，脉必疾速。因积极（实邪积聚）而痛者，其脉必牢，须以胃气不失为关键。所以痛症见到脉浮大，最属不宜；脉短涩弱急，也属不利；唯有得到沉紧迟缓之脉，才利于治疗。但头痛若属外感，非内伤，其脉又宜浮大，最忌短涩，应当分别而异视。
呕吐反胃，脉见浮滑者昌（预后好）。脉弦数紧涩，结肠（肠梗阻之类）者亡。饱食后气逆甚危，脉见浮缓乃宜。脉弦急必死，脉见代结促微亦主死。吐泻脉滑，脉象往来不匀。泻脉必沉，沉迟为寒侵。沉数为火热，沉虚为滑脱。夏月泄泻，暑湿为殃。脉与病应，缓弱是正常形态。脉微小则生，脉浮弦则死。霍乱之脉，见代脉不必惊讶。脉迟微且四肢厥逆，这就令人叹息了。泄泻下痢，脉见沉小滑弱。脉实大浮数，若伴发热则预后恶。
吐宜浮缓浮滑，泻宜沉小沉滑，吐泻交作，则脉必见往来不匀，虽暴见代脉也不必忧虑。如其吐见弦急，泻见浮弦，并吐泻交作而见迟微厥逆，皆属不治，故以必死为断。
嘈杂嗳气，审察右寸关脉。脉紧滑可治，脉弦急则难治。吞酸之脉，多弦而滑。沉迟是寒，洪数是热。痰脉多滑，浮滑兼风。沉滑兼寒，数滑兼热。弦滑为饮，微滑多虚。滑而兼实，痰在胸膈。结芤涩伏，痰固中脘。
嘈杂嗳气本属脾气不运，故切忌脉弦急，恐木克土故也。吞酸有寒有热，随症所见以为分别，故以沉迟洪数分之。痰脉因不一端，滑是本象。惟有风则浮，有寒则沉，有热则数，有饮则弦，虚弱则微，结于胸膈为实，固于中脘，则见结芤涩伏之为异耳。
小便淋秘，鼻色必黄。脉实大可疗，脉涩小知亡。遗精白浊，当验于尺部。脉结芤动紧，是二症的的确切脉象。脉微数示精伤，脉洪数示火逼。亦有心虚，左寸脉短小。脉迟可生，脉急疾便夭。
便结之脉，迟伏勿疑。热结脉沉数，虚结脉沉迟。若是风燥，右尺脉浮起。
淋秘脉见涩小，精血已败，死亡至矣，此脉见不及者之必死也。遗浊虽有微数洪数短小之分，然急疾脉至，又非所宜，故曰便夭，此脉见太过者之必死也。若在便闭，里气不通，固应迟伏；然风寒湿热，当于脉迟脉数脉浮分辨，不可混同而罔治也。
咳嗽多浮，浮濡易治。沉伏而紧，死期将至。喘息抬肩，浮滑是顺。沉涩肢寒，均为逆症。
咳嗽肺疾，脉浮为宜，兼濡亦为病气将退。若使沉伏与紧，便与病反，故曰必死。喘症无非风痰内涌，当以浮滑为顺。若至肢寒沉涩，亦非吉兆，故曰为逆。
火热之脉，洪数为宜。微弱无神，根本脱离。三消之脉，数大者生。细微短涩，应手堪惊。骨蒸发热，脉数为虚。热而涩小，必损其躯。痿因肺燥，必见浮弱。寸口若沉，发汗则错。
火症应见火脉，故三消骨蒸，须以数大为生。反是而见短涩微弱，岂其宜乎。痿症本因肺燥血亏，脉浮尚不宜汗，岂有宜于寸口脉沉之候乎。
诸症失血，皆见芤脉。随其上下，以验所出。脉贵沉细，浮大难治。蓄血在中，牢大则宜。沉细而微，速愈者稀。
失血脉宜见芤，以芤主空故也。故脉最宜沉涩而忌浮大，反是则逆矣。若至蓄血，最宜牢实而忌沉细，以血未损故也。反是峻剂莫投，故曰难愈。
心中惊悸，脉必代结。饮食之悸，脉见沉伏动滑。癫乃重阴，狂乃重阳。脉浮洪吉象，脉沉急凶殃。痫宜虚缓，脉沉小急实。若但弦急，必死不失。
惊悸非属心气亏损，即属有物阻滞，故脉必见代结。若因饮食致悸，则有沉伏动滑之象，所当审也。癫狂二症为病尚浅，故宜浮洪而恶沉急，反是则为病气入骨。痫宜虚缓，以其中有痰沫之故。弦急独见，是为真脏脉出，安望其再生耶。
耳病肾虚，其脉迟濡。浮大为风，洪动为火。沉濡为气，数实为热。若久聋者，端于肾责。暴病浮洪，两尺相同。或两尺数，阴虚上冲。齿痛肾虚，尺脉濡大。齿痛动摇，尺洪火炎。右寸关数，或洪而弦。非属肾虚，肠胃风热。口舌生疮，脉洪疾速。若见虚脉，中气不足。喉痹之脉，两寸洪盛。上盛下虚，脉忌微伏。
耳病当责于肾，以其肾窍开于耳者故耳。然亦须以浮风、洪火、濡气、数热、久聋为辨。如其是暴非久，又以两尺浮弦相同为验耳。齿虽属肾，而齿龈则属于胃，故辨齿痛脉象，须以尺濡、尺洪断其虚实，寸关洪数与弦，断其肠胃风热，未可尽以肾求也。口舌生疮，必与洪疾为实，虚则多属中气不足。喉痹症属上实，脉以寸盛为顺。若见微伏，真气已绝，故曰大忌。
中恶腹胀，紧细乃生。浮大为何，邪气已深。鬼祟之脉，左右不齐。乍大乍小，乍数乍迟。中毒洪大，脉与病符。稍或微细，必倾其身。虫伤之脉，尺沉而滑。紧急莫治，虚小可怯。
中恶宜于紧细，以其邪气未深之故；反是则邪盛正衰，非其宜也。鬼祟出没不定，故脉有难追求。中毒脉见洪大，是与病应，以毒主阳故也。稍见微细，真气绝矣，岂其宜乎。虫伤脉多沉滑，以其虫伏于内者故耳。紧急固见伤甚而阴阳离隔，虚小亦恐真气已损，皆为有虑。
妇人之脉，尺宜常盛。右手脉大，亦属顺候。尺脉微迟，经闭三月。气血不足，法当温补。妇人尺脉，微弱而濡。年少得之，无子之兆。长大得之，绝孕之征。因病脉涩，有孕难保。
妇人以血为主，故尺宜常盛，而右脉宜大。故尺迟则经必闭，微弱而涩，在有孕固不克保，况无孕乎。崩漏不止，脉多浮动。虚迟者生，实数者死。疝瘕之脉，肝肾弦紧。小便淋闭，少阴弦紧。
崩漏不止，已属血动不归，再见实数，则肾真气已绝，所以不宜见也。疝瘕主于肝肾，故肝肾弦紧，是即疝瘕之征也。淋闭主于少阴，故少阴弦紧，亦是淋闭之见也。
妇人有子，阴搏阳别。少阴动甚，其胎已结。滑疾不散，胎必三月。但疾不散，五月可别。阳疾为男，阴疾为女。女腹如箕，男腹如斧。
寸为阳，尺为阴，阴脉既已搏指而与阳寸之脉迥然各别，是即有子之征。心为手少阴经，心主血，若胎已内结，则少阴之脉，势必往来流利，厥厥如豆之动。疾即数类，滑而且数，按之不散，是其精血已聚，故有三月之胎。滑诊不见，而但疾而不散，是其骨肉已成，脉无滑气，故有五月之胎。阳疾为男，阴疾为女，以阳主男阴主女故耳。女胎如箕，男胎如斧，以箕圆象地象阴，斧方象天象阳故耳。阳疾阴疾，统上下表里左右而言，不拘于左右分也。
妊娠之脉，实大为宜。沉细弦急，虚涩最忌。半产漏下，脉宜细小。急实断绝，不祥之兆。凡有妊娠，外感风寒。缓滑流利，其脉自佳。虚涩燥急，其胎必堕。胎前下利，脉宜滑小。若见疾涩，其寿必夭。
妊娠脉宜实大，以其内实故也。沉细弦急，皆为真损胎堕之兆，最为切忌。半产漏下，脉见细小，是与病应。若胎漏既绝，脉又急实真气已离，岂能生乎。妊娠感冒，脉宜流利，以其胎气未损故耳。虚涩燥急，是于胎气有损，故不宜见。有胎下利，脉宜滑小，而忌疾涩，以疾则气已离，以涩则血已伤故也，故以滑小为正。
临产之脉，又宜数滑。弦细短数，最属不利。产后沉小，微弱最宜。急实洪数，岐黄莫治。新产伤阴，血出不止。尺不上关，其命即丧。新产中风，热邪为殃。浮弱和缓，与病相当。小急弦涩，顷刻身亡。
临产脉乱滑数，是即胎动之应。若弦细短数，则于胎中有损，最为不利。产后胎儿已下，肚腹空虚，实数不与症应，故曰不治。新产出血不止，尺不上关，元气下脱，不死何待。至于中风脉见和缓，内气未动，故曰相当。如至小急弦涩，则内气已绝，无复生矣。
男子久病，当诊于气。脉强则生，脉弱则死。女子久病，当诊于血。脉弱则死，脉强则生。
久病则真气多损，故诊强弱以辨生死。但男子则当以气为诊，以男主于气也。女人则当以血为诊。以女主于血故也。右寸脉强，则气未损，故曰可生。左寸脉旺，则血未竭，故曰不死。
斑疹之脉，沉而且伏。火盛于表，阳脉浮数。热盛于里，阴脉实大。痘疹弦直，或沉细迟。汗后欲解，脉泼如蛇。伏坚尚可，伏弦堪嗟。
斑疹脉见沉伏，以毒本未伸泄故耳，仍须以脉数实辨其属表属里。痘疹最宜外出，不宜内伏，故弦直细迟犹可升托，即伏不弦，犹可内解。若至伏弦，则毒内入已深，不能外出，所以堪嗟。
痈疽未溃，脉宜洪大。及其已溃，洪大始戒。肺痈已成，寸数而实。肺痿之脉，数而无力。肺痈色白，脉宜短涩。浮大相逢，气损无失。肠痈实热，滑数可必。沉细无根，其死可测。
未溃属实，洪大宜矣。溃后则虚，而脉犹见洪大，岂其宜乎。肺痈已成，寸实无虑，以脓在肺未除故也。肺痿则肺叶焦痿，脉数无力，亦所应见。惟肺痈几作，肺气虚损，其色应白，则脉亦当短涩，方与症应。若见浮大，知是气损血失，贼邪乘金，最非吉兆。肠痈本属实热，必得滑数，方云无事。若见沉细，是谓无根，丧期在即。
奇经八脉，不可不察。直上直下，尺寸俱牢。中央坚实，冲脉昭昭，胸中有寒，逆气里急。疝气攻心，支满溺失。
奇经者，不在十二正经之列，故以奇名。直上直下，弦长相似，尺寸俱牢，亦兼弦长，中央坚实，是明胸中有寒，故见逆气里急之症。如疝气攻心，正逆急也。支满，胀也。溺失者，冲脉之邪干于肾也。
直上直下，尺寸俱浮。中央浮起，督脉可求。腰背强痛，风痫为忧。
直上直下，则弦长矣；尺寸俱浮，中央亦浮，则六部皆浮，又兼弦长矣；故其见症皆属风象。大抵风伤卫，故于督表见之；寒伤营，故于冲里见之。
寸口者，统寸关尺三部而言，非专指寸一部也。丸丸，动貌。紧细实长，因寒实于其内而见也。男疝女瘕，即所谓苦少腹绕脐，下引阴中切痛也。
Wind-stroke in the Yang channels presents with a floating and slippery pulse. Wind-stroke in the Yin channels presents with a soggy and weak pulse. When all six channels are affected, the pulse may be wiry and rapid. If Yang is affected, it should not present as floating and rapid; instead, it appears soggy and weak. If Yin is affected, it should not present as soggy and weak; instead, it appears floating and slippery. This is not due to wind-cold, but belongs to warm-dampness. If the pulse is merely soggy and slow, or accompanied by fine and choppy qualities, this is not wind-dampness, but rather dampness stagnation.
Wind is a Yang pathogen; when injured by wind, the pulse naturally exhibits floating, slippery, wiry, and rapid characteristics. However, if wind injures the Yin, the floating and slippery qualities cannot be seen, because Yang is closed by Yin pathogens. Conversely, it is often due to wind being obstructed by dampness, hence it is also named wind-dampness. If the floating and rapid qualities are absent, and only soggy, slow, fine, and choppy qualities are seen, one must know that dampness has invaded excessively, and careful differentiation is required.
When both Yin and Yang pulses are full/excessive, it is a sign of heat disease. Floating indicates a slippery pulse; sinking indicates a rapid and choppy pulse. Summerheat injuring Qi results in a deficient pulse. The pulse may be wiry or fine, knotted (like a hollow reed) or slow. Although the pulse varies, it generally belongs to the deficient category.
Whenever the pulse shows both Yin and Yang excess, it is invariably due to the overflow of heat pathogens. Thus, a floating and slippery pulse implies heat accompanied by fluid retention. A sinking, rapid, and choppy pulse implies heat damaging Yin fluids. In the case of summerheat, Qi deficiency leads to failure of consolidation, allowing summerheat to invade internally, resulting in a deficient and unvigorous pulse. Even if constitution differs, presenting knotted, wiry, fine, or slow pulses, they all belong to the deficient category and should not be treated with purgative methods for excess.
The pulse of epidemic febrile diseases has no fixed name; it changes across various channels. The pulse follows the disease manifestation and cannot be specified rigidly. Epidemic pathogens lie dormant in the Mu Yuan (semi-exterior semi-interior region), emerging and disappearing intermittently, causing the pulse to change unpredictably. Therefore, diagnosis relies solely on the observed pulse characteristics.
Malaria presents with a self-wiry pulse; wiriness is the indicator of malaria. Accompanied by a slow pulse, there is chills; accompanied by a rapid pulse, there is fever. If a choppy (intermittent with regular intervals) or scattered pulse appears, the physical constitution is collapsing. Malaria arises from excessive Wood pathogen suppressing Earth, leading to failure of dampness transformation, resulting in retained phlegm and accumulated fluids, hence the self-wiry pulse. By differentiating chills and heat through accompanying pulse qualities, treatment can be adjusted, and the disease will heal. Only when a choppy and scattered pulse appears is death certain.
Wind, cold, and dampness combine to form the Five Bi syndromes. The presence of floating, choppy, and tight pulses completes the picture. The pulse of Jiaogong (Beriberi/Leg Qi) has four manifestations: floating and wiry indicates wind; soggy and weak indicates dampness; slow and choppy indicates cold; surging and rapid indicates heat. Pain not caused by external factors should be assessed at the Chi position. Slippery, slow, sinking, and weak pulses require treatment tailored to the specific pulse.
Syndromes such as the Five Bi and Jiaogong are fundamentally caused by wind, cold, and dampness. Even if internal transformation into heat occurs, it still stems from these four factors as latent pathogens. For pain not caused by external factors, where the pulse appears at the Chi position or shows slippery, slow, sinking, or weak qualities, treatment must be adapted to the pulse and cannot simply use methods for wind-cold-dampness.
Fatigue and overwork causing internal injury result in a weak Spleen pulse. Sweating followed by a dry/rough pulse indicates a condition where medication should be withheld. Extreme fatigue leading to various deficiencies presents with a floating, soft, and weak pulse. Collapse of Earth (Spleen) manifests as bilateral wiry pulses; flaming Fire (Heart) manifests as a rapid pulse.
A deficient syndrome presenting with a deficient pulse is a favorable sign. However, sweating accompanied by a reverse dry/rough pulse is a major adverse sign, indicating untreatability. Therefore, wiry and rapid pulses are strictly contraindicated in deficient syndromes.
Distension and fullness with a slippery and large pulse indicate Phlegm-Fire pathology. Wiry and hidden pulses indicate middle Jiao deficiency; fine and choppy pulses indicate decline and thinness. Distension and fullness with a floating, large, surging, and excess pulse are serious; fine and sinking-micro pulses indicate incurability even by Qi Bo and Huang Di. Edema has Yin and Yang types: Yin edema presents with sinking and slow pulses; Yang edema presents with surging and rapid pulses. Floating and large pulses indicate survival; sinking and fine pulses indicate poor prognosis (avoid harsh drugs). Accumulation in Zang organs is called "Ji"; accumulation in Fu organs is called "Ju." Excess and strong pulses indicate potential recovery; sinking and fine pulses indicate difficulty in healing. Jaundice due to damp-heat favors surging and rapid pulses. Floating and large pulses are acceptable; micro and choppy pulses are difficult to treat.
Although distension, edema, accumulations, and jaundice have different causes and symptoms, they ultimately favor excess (strong) pulses, indicating that True Qi is not exhausted and treatment can succeed. If fine, small, sinking, and choppy pulses appear, indicating empty Qi despite solid symptoms, no effective treatment exists; thus, these are adverse signs.
Stagnation pulses are all sinking; severely stagnant pulses are hidden and knotted. Choppy or hastened pulses indicate extreme stagnation. As long as Stomach Qi remains intact, regulation is possible. Qi pain presents with a sinking pulse, identifiable immediately. Extreme sinking becomes hidden; choppy and weak are difficult to treat. Sinking-slippery indicates Qi stagnation with Phlegm. Heart pain is located at the Cun position; abdominal pain at the Guan position. Heart and abdominal pains have nine categories. Fine and slow pulses indicate quick recovery; floating and large pulses indicate prolonged illness. Bilateral hypochondriac pain presents with bilateral wiry pulses. Tight, fine, and wiry pulses suggest anger-induced imbalance. Sinking, choppy, and urgent pulses indicate Phlegm and Blood stasis. Hernia belongs to Liver disease, presenting with wiry and urgent pulses. Firm and urgent pulses indicate survival; weak and urgent pulses indicate death. Lower back pain presents with wiry and sinking pulses. Sinking indicates Qi stagnation; wiry damages Kidney essence. Floating indicates wind; tight indicates cold. Soggy and fine indicate dampness; sudden injury indicates cold-induced sprain. Headache affects all six channels. Wind, cold, summerheat, dampness, and Qi stagnation can all invade. The pulse should be floating and slippery; short and choppy pulses are unfavorable.
Wiry-urgent, wiry-sinking, hidden-choppy, tight-fine pulses are characteristic of pain, Qi, and stagnation syndromes. Extreme pain presents with sinking or hidden pulses. Blood stasis presents with choppy pulses. Dampness presents with soggy pulses. Phlegm presents with slippery pulses. Wind presents with floating and wiry pulses. Cold presents with tight pulses. Dampness presents with stagnant and weak pulses. Heat presents with rapid pulses. Extreme pain leading to Yin-Yang separation presents with rapid pulses. Accumulation causing pain presents with firm pulses; maintaining Stomach Qi is crucial. Therefore, floating and large pulses in pain syndromes are highly unfavorable; short, choppy, weak, and urgent pulses are also disadvantageous; only sinking, tight, slow, and moderate pulses are conducive to treatment. However, headache due to external invasion (not internal injury) favors floating and large pulses and strongly opposes short and choppy pulses; differentiation is necessary.
Vomiting and regurgitation favor floating and slippery pulses (good prognosis). Wiry, rapid, tight, and choppy pulses in colonic obstruction indicate death. Severe postprandial reflux is critical; floating and slow pulses are suitable. Wiry and urgent pulses indicate death; choppy, knotted, hastened, and micro pulses are also fatal. Vomiting and diarrhea with slippery pulses show irregularity. Diarrhea pulses are always sinking; sinking-slow indicates cold invasion; sinking-rapid indicates fire-heat; sinking-deficient indicates slipping/diarrhea. Summer diarrhea is caused by summerheat-dampness. The pulse matching the disease shows slow and weak qualities. Micro and small pulses indicate survival; floating and wiry pulses indicate death. Cholera pulses showing choppy qualities need not cause surprise. Slow, micro, and cold extremities are lamentable. Diarrhea and dysentery present with sinking, small, slippery, and weak pulses. Excess, large, floating, and rapid pulses with fever indicate a bad prognosis.
Vomiting favors floating-slow and floating-slippery pulses; diarrhea favors sinking-small and sinking-slippery pulses. Simultaneous vomiting and diarrhea show irregular pulses; even sudden choppy pulses need not be feared. However, wiry-urgent pulses in vomiting, floating-wiry pulses in diarrhea, and simultaneous vomiting/diarrhea with slow-micro/cold extremities are untreatable and fatal.
Borborygmus and belching are assessed at the right Cun-Guan positions. Tight-slippery pulses are treatable; wiry-urgent pulses are difficult. Acid regurgitation pulses are often wiry and slippery. Sinking-slow indicates cold; surging-rapid indicates heat. Phlegm pulses are mostly slippery; floating-slippery combines with wind; sinking-slippery combines with cold; rapid-slippery combines with heat. Wiry-slippery indicates fluid retention; micro-slippery indicates deficiency. Slippery combined with excess indicates Phlegm in the chest/diaphragm. Knotted, knotted-like (hollow), choppy, and hidden pulses indicate Phlegm fixed in the Middle Jiao.
Borborygmus and belching stem from Spleen Qi failure to transport; wiry-urgent pulses are contraindicated to avoid Wood overacting on Earth. Acid regurgitation has cold and heat types, differentiated by sinking-slow vs. surging-rapid. Phlegm pulses vary, but slipperiness is the root quality. Wind makes it floating; cold makes it sinking; heat makes it rapid; fluid retention makes it wiry; deficiency makes it micro. Fixation in the chest/diaphragm creates excess; fixation in the Middle Jiao creates knotted/hollow/choppy/hidden variations.
Dysuria and urinary retention present with yellow nasal color. Excess-large pulses are treatable; choppy-small pulses indicate death. Spermatorrhea and leukorrhea are verified at the Chi position. Knotted, knotted-like, moving, and tight pulses are definitive for these conditions. Micro-rapid indicates Essence damage; surging-rapid indicates Fire forcing. Heart deficiency presents with short/small left Cun pulses. Slow pulses indicate survival; rapid/hastened pulses indicate premature death.
Constipation pulses: slow and hidden without doubt. Heat constipation presents with sinking-rapid; deficiency constipation presents with sinking-slow. Wind-dryness presents with floating Right Chi pulse.
Dysuria/retention with choppy-small pulses indicates exhaustion of Jing-Blood and impending death (pulse deficiency). Spermatorrhea/leukorrhea may show micro-rapid, surging-rapid, or short/small variations, but rapid/hastened pulses are unfavorable, indicating premature death (pulse excess). In constipation, internal blockage justifies slow/hidden pulses; however, wind-cold-damp-heat must be differentiated by slow/rapid/floating qualities to avoid misdiagnosis.
Cough usually presents with floating pulses; floating-soggy is easy to treat. Sinking-hidden and tight pulses indicate approaching death. Asthma with shoulder lifting: floating-slippery is favorable; sinking-choppy with cold limbs is adverse.
Cough is a Lung disease; floating pulses are appropriate, and soggy indicates declining pathogen. Sinking-hidden and tight contradict the disease nature, indicating death. Asthma is caused by internal surging of wind-phlegm; floating-slippery is favorable. Cold limbs and sinking-choppy pulses are ominous, indicating adverse outcomes.
Fire-heat pulses favor surging and rapid. Weak and spiritless pulses indicate loss of root. Sanxiao (Wasting-Thirst) pulses: rapid and large indicate survival; fine, small, short, and choppy pulses are alarming. Bone-steaming fever with rapid pulse indicates deficiency. Heat with choppy-small pulses必然 damages the body. Wei syndrome due to Lung dryness presents with floating-weak pulses. If Cun pulse is sinking, sweating is incorrect.
Fire syndromes should show fire pulses; Sanxiao and bone-steaming favor rapid-large pulses for survival. Short-small, weak, and spiritless pulses are inappropriate. Wei syndrome stems from Lung dryness and Blood deficiency; even with floating pulses, sweating is inadvisable, let alone sinking Cun pulses.
Hemorrhage in various syndromes presents with knotted-like (hollow) pulses. Location determines the source. Pulses prefer sinking and fine; floating and large are difficult to treat. Internal blood stasis favors firm and large pulses. Sinking-fine and micro pulses indicate rare quick recovery.
Hemorrhage favors knotted-like pulses due to emptiness. Sinking-choppy is best; floating-large is adverse. Internal blood stasis favors firm-excess pulses because Blood is not yet depleted; sinking-fine pulses make severe medications dangerous, hence difficult to cure.
Palpitations from fright show choppy and knotted pulses. Palpitations from food stagnation show sinking, hidden, moving, and slippery pulses. Dian (catatonia) is Heavy Yin; Kuang (mania) is Heavy Yang. Floating-surging pulses are auspicious; sinking-urgent pulses are ominous. Epilepsy favors deficient-slow pulses; sinking-small-urgent-excess pulses are unfavorable. Pure wiry-urgent pulses indicate death.
Palpitations stem from Heart Qi deficiency or obstruction, hence choppy/knotted pulses. Food-induced palpitations show sinking-hidden-moving-slippery qualities. Dian and Kuang are relatively shallow diseases, favoring floating-surging and disliking sinking-urgent; reversal indicates deep pathogen penetration. Epilepsy favors deficient-slow due to phlegm foam. Isolated wiry-urgent pulses indicate emergence of True Zang pulses, precluding recovery.
Ear disease relates to Kidney deficiency, presenting with slow-soggy pulses. Floating-large indicates wind; surging-moving indicates fire; sinking-soggy indicates Qi; rapid-excess indicates heat. Chronic deafness is attributed to the Kidney. Acute disease presents with floating-surging pulses, identical in both Chi positions. Rapid bilateral Chi pulses indicate Yin deficiency with upward rushing. Toothache due to Kidney deficiency presents with soggy-large Chi pulses. Loose teeth with surging Chi pulses indicate Fire flaming up. Rapid or surging-wiry Right Cun-Guan pulses indicate not Kidney deficiency, but Intestine-Stomach wind-heat. Mouth/tongue ulcers present with surging-hastened pulses; deficient pulses indicate Middle Qi insufficiency. Throat bi (obstruction) presents with surging pulses in both Cun positions. Upper excess/lower deficiency contraindicates micro-hidden pulses.
Ear disease is rooted in the Kidney (orifice of the ears). Differentiation involves wind (floating), fire (surging), Qi (soggy), heat (rapid), and chronic deafness. Acute cases show identical floating-wiry bilateral Chi pulses. Teeth belong to Kidneys, but gums belong to Stomach. Toothache differentiation requires assessing Chi soggy/surging for deficiency/excess, and Cun-Guan surging-rapid/wiry for Intestine-Stomach wind-heat, not solely attributing to Kidneys. Mouth ulcers with surging-hastened pulses indicate excess; deficient pulses indicate Middle Qi insufficiency. Throat bi is upper excess; surging Cun pulses are favorable. Micro-hidden pulses indicate exhaustion of True Qi, a major contraindication.
Zhong-E (sudden evil) abdominal distension favors tight-fine pulses (survival). Floating-large indicates deep pathogens. Ghost/spirit pulses are uneven left/right, fluctuating in size and speed. Poisoning presents with surging-large pulses matching the disease (Yang nature). Micro-small pulses indicate collapse of the body. Worm injury presents with sinking-slippery Chi pulses. Urgent-tight pulses are untreatable; deficient-small pulses indicate fear of depletion.
Zhong-E favors tight-fine pulses as pathogens are not deep; reversal indicates excess pathogen and deficient Zheng Qi. Ghost/spirits are unpredictable, making pulses hard to trace. Poisoning favors surging-large pulses (Yang); micro-small indicates True Qi exhaustion. Worm injury favors sinking-slippery pulses (worms hiding internally). Urgent-tight indicates severe injury and Yin-Yang separation; deficient-small indicates True Qi damage; both are concerning.
Women's pulses: Chi should be constantly full. Large Right Hand pulse is also favorable. Micro-slow Chi pulse indicates amenorrhea for three months. Qi-Blood deficiency requires warming and tonifying. Women's Chi pulse weak and soggy: in youth, it signifies infertility; in adulthood, it signifies cessation of pregnancy. Deficient pulse with choppy quality during pregnancy is hard to preserve.
Women prioritize Blood; Chi should be full, Right pulse large. Slow Chi indicates amenorrhea. Weak-choppy pulses cannot preserve pregnancy, let alone non-pregnant states. Metrorrhagia/metrostaxis favors floating pulses. Deficient-slow pulses indicate survival; excess-rapid pulses indicate death. Hernia and masses involve Liver-Kidney wiry-tight pulses. Dysuria/retention involves Shaoyin wiry-tight pulses.
Metrorrhagia/metrostaxis involves erratic Blood movement; excess-rapid pulses indicate exhaustion of Kidney True Qi, hence unfavorable. Hernia/masses relate to Liver-Kidney; wiry-tight pulses are indicative. Dysuria/retention relates to Shaoyin; wiry-tight pulses are indicative.
Pregnancy: Yin pulses beat forcefully and differ from Yang (Cun). Strong Shaoyin movement indicates established fetus. Slippery-hastened and un-dispersible indicates three-month pregnancy. Hastened and un-dispersible (without slipperiness) indicates five-month pregnancy. Hastened Yang pulse indicates male; hastened Yin pulse indicates female. Female abdomen like a basket; male abdomen like an axe.
Cun is Yang, Chi is Yin. Forceful Yin pulse differing from Yang Cun indicates pregnancy. Heart is Hand Shaoyin, governing Blood. Established fetus causes Shaoyin pulse to flow smoothly, beating like a bean. Hastened is similar to rapid; slippery-rapid and un-dispersible indicates gathered Jing-Blood (3 months). Absence of slipperiness but hastened/un-dispersible indicates formed flesh/bone without slippery Qi (5 months). Hastened Yang/Yin refers to male/female based on Yang/Male and Yin/Female correspondence. Basket/Axe shapes correspond to Earth/Yin (round) and Heaven/Yang (square). Hastened Yang/Yin covers upper/lower, exterior/interior, left/right, not limited to left/right division.
Pregnancy pulses favor excess-large. Sinking-fine, wiry-urgent, deficient-choppy are most contraindicated. Miscarriage/bleeding favors small-fine pulses. Urgent-excess/interrupted pulses are inauspicious. Pregnancy with external wind-cold: slow-slippery/smooth pulses are good. Deficient-choppy/dry-urgent pulses indicate fetal expulsion. Pre-partum diarrhea favors slippery-small pulses. Hastened-choppy pulses indicate shortened lifespan.
Pregnancy pulses should be excess-large due to internal fullness. Sinking-fine/wiry-urgent indicate true damage and fetal expulsion, highly contraindicated. Miscarriage/bleeding with small-fine pulses matches the disease. If bleeding stops but pulse becomes urgent-excess, True Qi has departed, and survival is impossible. Pregnancy cold favors smooth pulses as fetal Qi is undamaged. Deficient-choppy/dry-urgent damages fetal Qi, hence unfavorable. Pregnancy diarrhea favors slippery-small; hastened-choppy are contraindicated as hastened indicates Qi departure and choppy indicates Blood damage.
Labor pulses favor rapid-slippery. Wiry-fine-short-rapid are highly unfavorable. Postpartum pulses favor sinking-small and weak. Urgent-excess-surging-rapid are untreatable even by Qi Bo/Huang Di. New postpartum Yin injury with continuous bleeding: Chi pulse failing to reach Guan indicates immediate death. New postpartum wind-stroke with heat pathogen: floating-weak/moderate pulses match the disease. Small-urgent-wiry-choppy pulses indicate instantaneous death.
Labor pulses chaotic, rapid, and slippery reflect fetal movement. Wiry-fine-short-rapid indicate fetal damage, highly unfavorable. Postpartum, abdomen is empty; excess-rapid pulses do not match symptoms, hence untreatable. Continuous postpartum bleeding with Chi pulse failing to reach Guan indicates downward collapse of Yuan Qi, inevitably fatal. Wind-stroke postpartum with moderate pulses indicates undisturbed internal Qi, matching the disease. Small-urgent-wiry-choppy pulses indicate absolute internal Qi exhaustion, no recovery.
Men with chronic illness: assess Qi. Strong pulse indicates survival; weak pulse indicates death. Women with chronic illness: assess Blood. Weak pulse indicates death; strong pulse indicates survival.
Chronic illness damages True Qi; strength/weakness distinguishes life/death. Men are assessed by Qi (Man governs Qi); women by Blood (Woman governs Blood). Strong Right Cun indicates undamaged Qi (survival). Vigorous Left Cun indicates undepleted Blood (survival).
Macules and papules: sinking and hidden. Fire excess in Exterior: Yang pulses floating-rapid. Heat excess in Interior: Yin pulses excess-large. Chickenpox/rash: wiry-straight or sinking-fine-slow. After sweating, resolution shows pulse flowing like a snake. Hidden-firm is acceptable; hidden-wiry is lamentable.
Macules/papules sinking-hidden indicate toxins not yet vented. Pulse rapid-excess differentiates exterior/interior location. Rashes/chickenpox favor outward eruption, not inward hiding. Wiry-straight/fine-slow allow lifting/support; hidden without wiriness allows internal resolution. Hidden-wiry indicates deep inward toxin, unable to erupt, hence lamentable.
Abscesses/ulcers un-ulcerated: surging-large pulses are appropriate. Once ulcerated, surging-large pulses are cautioned against. Lung abscess formed: Cun rapid and excess. Lung flaccidity: rapid but forceless. Lung abscess with white complexion: short-choppy pulses are appropriate. Surging-large meeting this indicates Qi damage. Intestinal abscess excess-heat: slippery-rapid pulses confirm safety. Sinking-fine rootless pulses predict death.
Un-ulcerated is excess; surging-large is appropriate. Ulcerated is deficiency; persistent surging-large is inappropriate. Formed lung abscess with excess Cun is safe as pus remains in Lung. Lung flaccidity with scorched leaves shows rapid-forceless pulse, which is expected. Early-stage lung abscess with Qi deficiency and white complexion should show short-choppy pulses to match symptoms. Surging-large indicates Qi/Blood damage and attacking pathogen invading Metal, a very bad omen. Intestinal abscess is excess-heat; slippery-rapid pulses indicate safety. Sinking-fine pulses indicate rootlessness, imminent death.
Extraordinary Vessels must be examined. Straight up and down, Cun and Chi both firm. Center firm and solid indicates Chong Mai clearly. Cold in Chest, rebellious Qi and interior urgency. Hernia attacking Heart, fullness under ribs, urinary incontinence.
Extraordinary vessels are outside the twelve regular channels. Straight up/down, wiry-long similarity, firm Cun/Chi, plus wiry-long, center firm-solid indicates Cold in Chest, hence rebellious Qi/interior urgency. Hernia attacking Heart is exactly this urgency. Fullness is distension. Urinary incontinence is Chong Mai pathogen affecting Kidney.
Straight up and down, Cun and Chi both floating. Center floating rising indicates Du Mai. Back stiffness/pain, wind-epilepsy concerns.
Straight up/down is wiry-long; floating Cun/Chi and center floating means all six positions floating plus wiry-long; thus symptoms are Wind images. Generally, Wind injures Wei, seen on Du (Exterior); Cold injures Ying, seen on Chong (Interior).
Cun pulsating like pearls, tight-fine-excess-long. Male hernia, female mass, Ren Mai details.
Cun refers to Cun-Guan-Chi three positions collectively, not just Cun. "Pearl-like" describes movement. Tight-fine-excess-long appears due to Cold-excess internally. Male hernia/female mass refers to lower abdomen pain around navel radiating to genitals.
Left/Right pulsation at Cun resolves Yang [conditions]. Or epilepsy or [convulsions], suffering in Yang. Left/Right pulsation at Chi resolves Yin [conditions]. Or epilepsy or [convulsions], suffering in Yin. Left/Right pulsation at Guan,