三部俱浮肺藏风。鼻中多水唾稠浓。壮热恶寒皮肤痛。颡干双目泪酸疼。
肺脉浮兼实。咽门燥又伤。大便难且涩。鼻内乏馨香。实大相兼滑。毛焦涕唾粘。更知咽有燥。
火盛夏宜砭。沉紧相兼滑。仍闻咳嗽声。微浮兼有散。肺脉本家形。溢出胸中满。气泄大肠鸣。弦冷肠
中结。芤〔暴痛无成〕(为失血荣)。
暴痛无成。是不痛也。洁古解得之。解作痛者又非。改为失血为当。
沉细仍兼滑。应知是骨蒸。皮毛皆总涩。寒热两相承。
肾脏对分之。膀胱共合宜。旺冬〔身〕(行)属水。位北定无欺。两耳通为窍。〔三焦附在斯〕二(
阴窍附斯)。
三焦非肾所附。说见前篇。肾开窍于二阴。与两耳。皆为肾窍。
味咸归藿豆。精志自相随。沉滑当时〔本〕(脉)。浮〔摊〕(缓)厄在脾。色同乌羽吉。形似炭煤危。
冷积多成唾。焦烦水易亏。奔豚脐下积。究竟骨将痿。实梦腰〔难〕(脊)解。
曰难解。是不解也。
虚行溺水湄。一斤余一两。〔胁下〕(腰脊)对相〔垂〕(根据)。
难经曰。肾形如豇豆。相并而曲。附于脊膂。外与脐相对。胁下。肝之部位非肾位。亦不垂。
三部俱迟肾藏寒。皮肤燥涩发毛干。忽梦鬼神时入水。觉来情思即无欢。
肾散腰间气。尿多更滑精。(别本作涩滑并者非)软为膝胫痛。阴汗岂无凭。(别本作其中有聚
散聚散且无凭者非)实滑小便涩。淋痛涩 。脉涩精频漏。恍惚梦魂多。小肠疝气逐。梦里涉江河。
实大膀胱热。小便涩难通。滑弦腰脚痛。沉紧病还同。〔单〕(平)匀无病惫。浮紧耳应聋。
三部脉象均呈浮象,提示肺脏受风邪侵袭。患者鼻中流涕如水,唾液粘稠浓稠。出现高热、恶寒及皮肤疼痛症状。咽喉干燥,双目流泪且酸楚疼痛。
若肺脉浮而兼见实象,则咽门燥热受损。大便困难且干涩不畅,鼻腔内嗅觉减退或丧失芳香感。若脉象实大且相兼滑象,则毛发枯焦,鼻涕与唾液粘稠。此时可知咽喉干燥,若在盛夏季节适宜采用砭石疗法泄热。若脉象沉紧且相兼滑象,仍可听到咳嗽声。若脉象微浮且散乱,此为肺脉本来的形态特征。若脉气溢出胸中导致胀满,气机外泄致使大肠鸣响。若脉象弦而冷,则肠中结滞。若脉象芤(主失血),提示突发剧烈疼痛并非真实痛感(此处指非实证之痛),洁古先生对此解释得当,将其解释为疼痛是错误的,改为失血证候更为恰当。
若脉象沉细且仍兼滑象,应知是骨蒸劳热。皮毛皆显干枯涩滞,寒热症状交替出现。
肾脏对应于两尺部,膀胱与之配合适宜。冬季旺盛,身体行水液代谢功能,五行属水,方位在北,确定无疑。双耳相通作为肾窍。(注:三焦并非附属于肾,前文已有说明。肾开窍于二阴,与双耳一起,均为肾之窍。)
咸味食物归入藿豆类,精气与意志自然相随。脉象沉滑为当时之本脉,脉象浮缓则病厄在脾。面色如乌鸦羽毛般黑亮为吉兆,形体似炭煤般枯黑则为危象。冷积多形成唾沫,焦躁烦渴易致津液亏损。奔豚气发作时脐下有积块,最终导致骨骼痿弱。梦中腰部难以舒展(注:“难解”意为不舒展)。虚损之人行走如溺水岸边。一斤药材余一两残渣。(注:胁下并非肾脏部位,也不下垂。《难经》记载:肾形如豇豆,并列而弯曲,附着于脊柱。外部与肚脐相对。胁下是肝脏的部位而非肾脏部位,也不下垂。)
三部脉象均呈迟象,提示肾脏受寒邪侵袭。皮肤干燥涩滞,毛发干枯。忽然梦见鬼神或进入水中,醒来后情绪思绪即无欢愉。
肾脉散乱位于腰间,小便增多且滑精。(别本作“涩滑并者”非正确版本)脉软则膝胫疼痛,阴汗岂无依据。(别本作“其中有聚散聚散且无凭者”非正确版本)脉实滑则小便涩滞,淋沥疼痛且涩。脉涩则精液频繁漏出,神志恍惚,梦境繁多。小肠疝气发作,梦中涉水渡江河。脉实大则膀胱有热,小便涩滞难通。脉滑弦则腰脚疼痛,脉沉紧则病症相同。脉象单平均匀则无病疲乏,脉浮紧则耳朵应当耳聋。
The pulse at all three positions (Cun, Guan, Chi) is floating, indicating Wind pathogen invading the Lung organ. There is excessive watery discharge from the nose and thick, viscous saliva. The patient experiences high fever, aversion to cold, and skin pain. The pharynx is dry, and the eyes are tearing with a sour, painful sensation.
If the Lung pulse is floating and accompanied by Excess (Shi), the glottis and throat become dry and damaged. Defecation is difficult and obstructed; the nasal cavity loses its sense of fragrance. If the pulse is Excess-large and combined with Slippery (Hua), the hair becomes scorched and brittle, and sputum and saliva are sticky. It is known that the throat is dry. In midsummer, bloodletting with bi stones (Bian shi) is appropriate. If the pulse is Deep (Chen) and Tight (Jin), combined with Slippery (Hua), coughing sounds can still be heard. If the pulse is slightly Floating (Fu) and Scattered (San), this is the natural form of the Lung pulse. If Qi overflows causing chest fullness, Qi leakage causes bowel rumbling. If the pulse is Wiry (Xuan) and Cold, there is knotting in the intestines. If the pulse is Knotted/Empty (Kou) [indicating sudden severe pain without true pathology], it signifies loss of Ying (Nutritive) Blood. Jiegu's interpretation is correct: interpreting it as pain is wrong; changing it to loss of blood is appropriate.
If the pulse is Deep (Chen) and Fine (Xi), yet still combined with Slippery (Hua), one should know it is Bone-steaming (Gu Zheng). The skin and hair are generally dry and rough, with alternating cold and heat symptoms.
The Kidney corresponds to the Chi position, harmonizing with the Bladder. It prospers in Winter, governs water metabolism in the body, belongs to Water element, and is fixed in the North direction without deception. The two ears serve as orifices connected to the Kidney. (Note: Sanjiao does not attach to the Kidney, as stated in previous chapters. The Kidney opens into the two yin orifices and the two ears, all being orifices of the Kidney.)
Salty flavors return to Luo and Dou plants; Essence (Jing) and Will (Zhi) naturally follow. A Deep (Chen) and Slippery (Hua) pulse indicates the root pulse of the moment; a Floating (Fu) and Slow (Huan) pulse indicates distress in the Spleen. A color resembling black crow feathers is auspicious; a form resembling charcoal coal is critical. Cold accumulation often forms saliva; irritability and thirst easily deplete fluids. Ben-tun (Running Piglet) qi manifests as an accumulation below the umbilicus, ultimately leading to bone atrophy. Dreams of the waist being unable to relax ("Nan jie" means unrelaxed). Deficiency leads to walking as if drowning on the riverbank. One jin of herbs yields one liang of residue. (Note: The hypochondrium is not the location of the Kidney, nor does it hang down. The Nan Jing states: The Kidney resembles broad beans, side-by-side and curved, attached to the spine. Externally opposite the umbilicus. The hypochondrium is the location of the Liver, not the Kidney, and does not hang down.)
The pulse at all three positions is slow (Chi), indicating Cold pathogen invading the Kidney organ. The skin is dry and rough, and hair is dry. Suddenly dreaming of ghosts, gods, or entering water; upon waking, thoughts and emotions are joyless.
A Scattered (San) pulse in the kidney area indicates frequent urination and spermatorrhea. (Alternative versions stating "rough and slippery together" are incorrect). A soft (Ruan) pulse indicates knee and shin pain; how could Yin sweat lack basis? (Alternative versions stating "there are gathering and scattering, and no basis" are incorrect). An Excess (Shi) and Slippery (Hua) pulse indicates astringent urine, dysuria, pain, and astringency. A Rough (Se) pulse indicates frequent seminal emission, trance-like states, and numerous dreams. Small intestine hernia qi pursues; dreaming of wading through rivers and lakes. An Excess (Shi) and Large (Da) pulse indicates Bladder heat, with astringent and difficult urination. A Slippery (Hua) and Wiry (Xuan) pulse indicates waist and foot pain; a Deep (Chen) and Tight (Jin) pulse indicates the same disease. A single, level, and uniform pulse indicates no disease fatigue; a Floating (Fu) and Tight (Jin) pulse indicates deafness in the ears.