《五色篇》曰∶“明堂者,鼻也。阙者,眉间也。庭者,颜也。蕃者,颊侧也。蔽者,耳门也。其间欲方大,
去之十步皆见于外,如是者寿必中百岁。
“明堂骨高以起,平以直,五脏次于中央,六腑挟其两侧,首面上于阙庭,王宫在于下极,五
脏安于胸中。真色以致,病色不见,明堂润泽以清,五官恶得无辨乎!”
庭者,首面也。阙上者,咽喉也。阙中者,肺也。下极者,心也。直下者,肝也。肝左者,胆也。下者,脾
也。方上者,胃也。中央者,大肠也。挟大肠者,肾也。当肾者,脐也。面王以上者,小肠也。面王以下
者,膀胱、子处也。
“男子色在于面王,为小腹痛,下为卵痛,其圆直为茎痛;在女子为膀胱、子处之病。散为痛,抟为聚。”
“颧者,肩也。颧后者,臂也。臂下者,手也。目内 上者,膺乳也。挟绳而上者,背也。循牙车以下
者,股也。中央者,膝也。膝以下者,胫也。当胫以下者,足也。巨分者,股里也。巨屈者,膝膑也。此五
脏六腑肢节之部也。”
脉案者,窃公案之义。凡医者治病察脉,譬诸老吏断狱,一字莫移,使病家洞然信从,始可以
接从上之道,塞纷纭之口。吴鹤皋向有此式,余为订定,以质之同志焉。
《五色篇》说:“明堂,指的是鼻子。阙,指的是两眉之间。庭,指的是额头。蕃,指的是脸颊两侧。蔽,指的是耳门。这些部位应当方正宽大,从十步之外都能清晰看见,这样的人寿命必定能超过百岁。
‘明堂骨高起且平直,五脏的对应区域依次排列在中央,六腑的对应区域夹在两侧,首面的对应区域位于阙庭之上,王宫(心)位于下极,五脏安处于胸中。如果呈现的是真色而病色不现,明堂色泽润泽清明,五官怎么能分辨不清呢!’
庭,对应首面。阙上的部位,对应咽喉。阙中的部位,对应肺。下极的部位,对应心。直下的部位,对应肝。肝左侧的部位,对应胆。下方的部位,对应脾。方上的部位,对应胃。中央的部位,对应大肠。夹在大肠两侧的,对应肾。正对肾脏部位的,对应肚脐。面王(鼻尖)以上的部位,对应小肠。面王以下的部位,对应膀胱和子宫。
‘男子面色变化出现在面王,是小腹痛,向下延伸则是睾丸痛,若呈圆直状则是阴茎痛;女子则表现为膀胱、子宫的疾病。色散为痛,色聚为积聚。’
‘颧骨,对应肩部。颧骨后方,对应手臂。手臂下方,对应手部。目内眦上方的部位,对应胸膺和乳房。沿着耳前绳纹向上的部位,对应背部。顺着牙车(下颌角)向下的部位,对应大腿。中央的部位,对应膝盖。膝盖以下,对应小腿。正当小腿以下的部位,对应足部。巨分(颊车穴附近),对应大腿内侧。巨屈(曲泉穴附近),对应膝盖髌骨。这是五脏六腑及肢节的对应部位。’
脉案,是借用公案的义理。凡是医生治病诊脉,就像老练的狱吏断案一样,一字不可移动,使病人家属完全信服顺从,这样才能承接上道的宗旨,堵住纷纭的议论。吴鹤皋先前就有这种格式,我加以修订确定,以此与志同道合者探讨。
The "Chapter on Five Colors" states: "Mingtang (Bright Hall, referring to the nose) is the nose. Que (Palace Gate, referring to the area between the eyebrows) is the space between the eyebrows. Ting (Courtyard, referring to the forehead) is the forehead. Fan (Screen, referring to the cheeks) is the sides of the cheeks. Bi (Shield, referring to the ears) is the ear gates. These areas should be square and broad; if they are visible from ten paces away, such a person will surely live to an age beyond one hundred years.
"The bone of Mingtang should be high and rising, flat and straight. The corresponding areas of the Zang organs (Solid Organs) are arranged sequentially in the center, while those of the Fu organs (Hollow Organs) flank them on both sides. The area corresponding to the head and face is located above Que and Ting. The Wanggong (Royal Palace, referring to the heart) is located at Xiaji (Lower Pole). The five Zang organs are secure within the chest. When the true complexion appears and pathological colors are not seen, and Mingtang is moist and clear, how could the five sense organs fail to be distinguished!"
Ting corresponds to the head and face. The area above Que corresponds to the pharynx and larynx. The area in the center of Que corresponds to the Lung. The area at Xiaji corresponds to the Heart. The area directly below corresponds to the Liver. The area to the left of the Liver's position corresponds to the Gallbladder. The area below corresponds to the Spleen. The area at Fangshang corresponds to the Stomach. The central area corresponds to the Large Intestine. The areas flanking the Large Intestine correspond to the Kidney. The area opposite the Kidney corresponds to the umbilicus. The area above Mianwang (Nasal Tip) corresponds to the Small Intestine. The area below Mianwang corresponds to the Bladder and the uterus.
"If a man's complexion changes appear at Mianwang, it indicates pain in the lower abdomen; extending downward, it indicates testicular pain. If the color pattern is round and straight, it indicates penile pain. In women, it indicates diseases of the bladder and uterus. Scattered color indicates pain; gathered color indicates accumulation."
"The cheekbones correspond to the shoulders. Behind the cheekbones corresponds to the arms. Below the arms corresponds to the hands. Above the inner canthus corresponds to the chest and breasts. Along the line upward from the ear pre-auricular region corresponds to the back. Following down from the mandibular angle corresponds to the thighs. The central area corresponds to the knees. Below the knees corresponds to the calves. Directly below the calves corresponds to the feet. Jufen (area near Jiache acupoint) corresponds to the medial thigh. Juqu (area near Ququan acupoint) corresponds to the patella. These are the corresponding regions for the five Zang organs, six Fu organs, and limbs/joints."
"Mai'an (Pulse Case Records) borrows the meaning of 'Gongan' (public cases/legal judgments). Whenever physicians treat diseases and examine pulses, it is akin to experienced magistrates adjudicating cases: not a single word may be shifted, so that the patient's family gains absolute trust and compliance. Only then can one uphold the superior Dao and silence chaotic debates. Wu Hegao previously had this format; I have revised and finalized it to discuss with like-minded colleagues."