味辛苦。性温。无毒。禀夏秋之阳气。兼得土之阳精以生。降也。阴中阳也。
【主治】主邪气。辟毒疫温鬼。（本经）治心腹一切气。膀胱冷痛。呕逆反胃。霍乱。
泄
泻痢
劣。女
为病。逆
【归经】入三焦经。为行气之品。（三焦气分药升降诸气泄肺气和脾胃气疏肝气）
【前论】寇宗 曰。此专泄决胸腹间滞塞冷气。他则次之。得橘皮、蔻仁、生姜相佐。
效尤
气
之
【禁忌】经疏曰。肺虚有热。元气虚脱。及阴虚内热诸病有热。心痛属火。均忌。
味辛。性大温。无毒。禀地二之气以生。升也。阳也。
【主治】主胃中冷逆。（别录）治腹内久冷气痛。去风冷痹弱。（甄权）健脾胃。宽噎膈。
破冷
【归经】入脾胃二经。为温中散寒之品。（兼燥剂噫逆胃寒家要药）
【前论】杨士瀛曰。凡噫逆胃寒者。此为要药。人参、茯苓佐之。为能温胃。解散胃中
风邪
【禁忌】经疏曰。胃火作呕。暑霍乱。火热注泻。心虚作痛。均忌。
【炮制】时珍曰。宜同东壁土炒过入药。
味辛。性大温。无毒。感秋燥之令。而得乎地之火金以生。升也。阳也。
【主治】主积冷气。止吐逆反胃。消谷下气。（本经）散胸中滞。宽膈进食。去白睛翳
膜。
（
寒热
【归经】入肺经。兼入胃经。为行气之品。（肺经本药流行三焦温暖脾胃）
【前论】苏颂曰。古方用治胃冷食即吐。及呕吐。杨士瀛曰。能治脾虚疟疾呕吐寒热。
能消
【禁忌】经疏曰。凡呕吐反胃不因于寒。及由阳虚者。与火升作呕。因热腹痛者。均忌。
【木香】
味辛、苦。性温。无毒。禀受夏秋季节的阳气，兼得土中的阳精而生长。性质沉降，属于阴中之阳。
【主治】主治邪气，辟除毒疫和温病鬼祟。（出自《本经》）治疗心腹部各种气滞疼痛，膀胱冷痛，呕吐逆气及反胃，霍乱，以及痢疾下利不止，妇女月经不调等病证。
【归经】入三焦经，是行气的药物。（能升降三焦之气，泄肺气，和脾胃之气，疏肝气）
【前论】寇宗奭说：此药专门疏通决泄胸腹间的停滞冷气，其他药物则次之。若与陈皮、豆蔻仁、生姜配合使用，疗效更佳。
【禁忌】李中梓《本草通玄》说：肺虚有热，元气虚脱，以及阴虚内热等各种有热的病证，心痛属火者，均忌用。
【高良姜】
味辛。性大温。无毒。禀受地二之气而生。性质升散，属阳。
【主治】主治胃中寒冷引起的逆气。（出自《别录》）治疗腹内久存的冷气疼痛，祛除风冷导致的痹症和身体虚弱。（出自甄权）健运脾胃，宽舒噎膈，破除冷气。
【归经】入脾、胃二经，是温中散寒的药物。（兼作燥湿剂，是治疗呃逆和胃寒患者的要药）
【前论】杨士瀛说：凡是呃逆且胃寒的患者，这是要药。若与人参、茯苓配合，能够温暖胃气，解散胃中的风邪。
【禁忌】李中梓《本草通玄》说：胃火引起的呕吐，暑天霍乱，火热导致的腹泻，心虚引起的疼痛，均忌用。
【炮制】李时珍说：宜同东壁土一起炒过后入药。
【白豆蔻】
味辛。性大温。无毒。感受秋季干燥的时令，并得到地之火金之气而生。性质升散，属阳。
【主治】主治积存的冷气，止住呕吐逆气和反胃，消食导滞，下气。（出自《本经》）疏散胸中的滞气，宽舒膈部促进进食，去除白睛上的翳膜。（针对寒热错杂之证）
【归经】入肺经，兼入胃经，是行气的药物。（为肺经的本药，能流行三焦，温暖脾胃）
【前论】苏颂说：古方用它治疗胃冷导致的食物即吐，以及呕吐。杨士瀛说：能治疗脾虚疟疾引起的呕吐和寒热往来，能消除……
【禁忌】李中梓《本草通玄》说：凡是呕吐反胃不是因寒引起，而是由阳虚导致的，以及火气上炎引起的呕吐，因热导致腹痛的，均忌用。
[Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix)]
Taste: Acrid, Bitter. Nature: Warm. Non-toxic. It inherits the Yang Qi of summer and autumn, and is born by combining with the Yang Essence of Earth. Its action is descending; it belongs to Yin containing Yang.
[Indications] Primarily treats pathogenic factors, repels toxicity, epidemics, warm pathogens, and malevolent influences. (From *Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing*) Treats all types of Qi stagnation in the heart and abdomen, cold pain in the bladder, vomiting, regurgitation, cholera, dysentery with tenesmus, and menstrual disorders in women.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the San Jiao (Triple Burner) meridian. It is a Qi-moving agent. (It regulates the ascending and descending of Qi in the San Jiao, drains Lung Qi, harmonizes Spleen and Stomach Qi, and soothes Liver Qi.)
[Prior Discussions] Kou Zongshi stated: This herb specifically resolves and clears stagnant cold Qi in the chest and abdomen; other herbs are secondary to it. When combined with Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Dou Kou Ren (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), and Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), its efficacy is even greater.
[Contraindications] Li Zhongzi (*Ben Cao Tong Xuan*) stated: Contraindicated in cases of Lung deficiency with heat, collapse of Yuan Qi, various conditions of Yin deficiency with internal heat, and heart pain due to Fire.
[Gao Liang Jiang (Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma)]
Taste: Acrid. Nature: Very Warm. Non-toxic. It is born inheriting the Qi of Earth-2. Its action is ascending; it belongs to Yang.
[Indications] Primarily treats cold-reversal in the Stomach. (From *Bie Lu*) Treats chronic cold Qi pain in the abdomen, dispels wind-cold bi-syndrome and weakness. (From Zhen Quan) Strengthens the Spleen and Stomach, relieves dysphagia and food retention, breaks up cold accumulation.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Spleen and Stomach meridians. It is a warming-middle and dispersing-cold agent. (Also serves as a drying agent; it is an essential herb for treating hiccups and cold-stomach conditions.)
[Prior Discussions] Yang Shiying stated: For patients with hiccups and cold stomach, this is an essential herb. When assisted by Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Fu Ling (Poria), it can warm the Stomach and dissipate Wind pathogens in the Stomach.
[Contraindications] Li Zhongzi (*Ben Cao Tong Xuan*) stated: Contraindicated in vomiting due to Stomach Fire, summerheat cholera, diarrhea due to fire-heat, and heart pain due to Heart deficiency.
[Processing] Li Shizhen stated: It should be stir-fried with Dong Bi Tu (East Wall Soil) before being used in prescriptions.
[Bai Dou Kou (Amomi Fructus)]
Taste: Acrid. Nature: Very Warm. Non-toxic. It perceives the dryness command of autumn and is born obtaining the Fire and Metal Qi of Earth. Its action is ascending; it belongs to Yang.
[Indications] Primarily treats accumulated cold Qi, stops vomiting, regurgitation, and reverse flow, promotes digestion, directs Qi downward. (From *Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing*) Disperses stagnation in the chest, widens the diaphragm to promote eating, removes nebula on the white of the eye. (For conditions involving alternating chills and fever.)
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Lung meridian, and also enters the Stomach meridian. It is a Qi-moving agent. (It is a principal herb for the Lung meridian, circulating through the San Jiao and warming the Spleen and Stomach.)
[Prior Discussions] Su Song stated: Ancient formulas use it to treat vomiting immediately after eating due to cold stomach, and general vomiting. Yang Shiying stated: It can treat vomiting and alternating chills and fever caused by Spleen deficiency malaria, and can eliminate...
[Contraindications] Li Zhongzi (*Ben Cao Tong Xuan*) stated: Contraindicated in vomiting and regurgitation not caused by cold but by Yang deficiency, vomiting due to flaming-up of Fire, and abdominal pain due to heat.