味苦。性寒。无毒。得天地清肃阴寒之气以生。降也。阴也。恶菊花、元参、白藓
皮。忌猪血。解巴豆毒。
【主治】主久痢成 。小儿惊痫寒热不下食。霍乱下利。伤寒咳嗽。湿疟。理腰肾。去
阴汗
五痔。
【归经】入肺胃二经。为清湿除热之品。
【前论】钱仲阳曰。凡小儿疳热肚胀潮热发焦者。此热势已极。但不可用大黄、黄芩伤
胃之
丸。
【禁忌】经疏曰。凡阴血太虚。真精耗竭。胃气脾阴俱弱者。虽见如上症。亦忌。即用。
亦
味苦。性平。无毒。得天地清寒之气。而兼金之性以生。可升可降。阳中阴也。
【主治】主诸热。黄胆。肠 泄痢。逐水。下血闭。恶疮疽蚀火疡。（本经）疗痰热。
胃
中热
录）主
目赤
积血
【归经】入心肺大小肠四经。兼入胆经。为除湿清火之品。（中焦实火脾家湿热）
【前论】东垣曰。中枯而飘者名片芩。泻肺火。细实而坚者名条芩。泻大肠火。丹溪曰。
黄
多用则伤肺。须先以天冬保定肺气。而后用之。罗天益曰。肺主气。热伤气。故身体麻木。
黄芩去肺热。故补气。柴胡退热。乃苦以发之。散火之标也。黄芩退热。乃寒以胜之。折火
之本也。时珍曰。黄芩得柴胡退寒热。得芍药治痢。得浓朴、黄连止腹痛。得桑皮泻肺火。
得白术安胎。得陈酒上行。得猪胆汁除肝胆火。
【禁忌】经疏曰。过服损胃。血虚寒中者。忌用。
【胡黄连】
味道苦。性质寒。无毒。禀受天地清肃阴寒之气而生。作用趋势为降。属性为阴。畏菊花、玄参、白鲜皮。忌食猪血。能解巴豆毒。
【主治】主治久痢成疳（小儿因长期腹泻导致营养不良的病症）。小儿惊痫、寒热往来、不能进食。霍乱下利。伤寒咳嗽。湿疟。调理腰肾。去除阴汗。五痔。
【黄芩】
味道苦。性质平。无毒。禀受天地清寒之气，并兼有金的特性而生。可升可降。属于阳中之阴。
【主治】主治各种热证。黄疸。肠澼泄痢（肠道病变引起的泄泻痢疾）。逐水饮。通经闭。恶疮、疽蚀、火疡。（《本经》）治疗痰热。胃中热。（《本草纲目》引文不完整，推测为相关记载）主治目赤。积血。
【归经】入心、肺、大、小肠四经。兼入胆经。是除湿清火的药物。（针对中焦实火、脾家湿热）
【前论】李东垣说：中间枯瘦而轻飘的是名片芩，能泻肺火；细小坚实的是名条芩，能泻大肠火。朱丹溪说：黄芩多用则伤肺，必须先以天冬固护肺气，然后使用它。罗天益说：肺主气，热邪伤气，所以身体麻木。黄芩去除肺热，故能补气。柴胡退热，是用苦味发散的方法，疏散火的表象。黄芩退热，是用寒性胜热的原理，折服火的根本。李时珍说：黄芩配合柴胡退寒热，配合芍药治痢疾，配合厚朴、黄连止腹痛，配合桑白皮泻肺火，配合白术安胎，配合陈酒药力上行，配合猪胆汁除肝胆火。
【禁忌】缪希雍说：过量服用损伤胃气。血虚且中焦有寒的人，忌用。
[Hu Huang Lian (Picrorhizae Rhizoma)]
Taste: Bitter. Nature: Cold. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Generated by receiving the clear, solemn, yin, and cold qi of heaven and earth. Action: Descending. Attribute: Yin. Aversion: Chrysanthemi Flos (Juhua), Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen), Dictamni Cortex (Baixianpi). Taboo: Pig blood. Antidote: Resolves the toxicity of Euphorbiae Lathyridis Semen (Badou).
[Indications] Mainly treats chronic dysentery progressing to infantile malnutrition (Gan syndrome). Infantile convulsions and epilepsy, alternating chills and fever, inability to eat. Cholera with diarrhea. Typhoid cough. Damp malaria. Regulates the lumbar region and kidneys. Removes sweat from the yin areas. Five types of hemorrhoids.
[Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix)]
Taste: Bitter. Nature: Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Generated by receiving the clear and cold qi of heaven and earth, combined with the nature of Metal. Capable of ascending and descending. Belongs to Yang within Yin.
[Indications] Mainly treats various heat syndromes. Jaundice. Intestinal disorders with diarrhea and dysentery. Drains fluid retention. Promotes menstruation in cases of amenorrhea due to blood stasis. Malignant sores, ulcerative carbuncles, and fire-induced ulcers. (From *Shennong Bencao Jing*) Treats phlegm-heat. Heat in the stomach. (Text fragment implies reference to other classics) Treats red eyes. Blood accumulation.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Heart, Lung, Large Intestine, and Small Intestine meridians. Also enters the Gallbladder meridian. It is a substance for removing dampness and clearing fire. (Specifically for excess fire in the Middle Jiao and damp-heat in the Spleen system.)
[Prior Discussions] Li Dongyuan stated: The variety that is hollow in the center and light is called Pian Qin (Slice Huang Qin), which drains Lung fire; the variety that is thin, solid, and firm is called Tiao Qin (Strip Huang Qin), which drains Large Intestine fire. Zhu Danxi stated: Excessive use of Huang Qin damages the Lung; one must first secure Lung Qi with Asparagi Radix (Tiandong) before using it. Luo Tianyi stated: The Lung governs Qi, and heat injures Qi, resulting in numbness of the body. Huang Qin removes Lung heat, thereby benefiting Qi. Chai Hu reduces fever by dispersing via bitter flavor, addressing the superficial aspect of fire. Huang Qin reduces fever by overcoming with cold, addressing the root of fire. Li Shizhen stated: Huang Qin combined with Chai Hu reduces alternating chills and fever; combined with Shaoyao (Peony Root) treats dysentery; combined with Houpo (Magnolia Bark) and Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) stops abdominal pain; combined with Sangbaipi (Morus Bark) drains Lung fire; combined with Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) calms the fetus; combined with aged wine directs action upward; combined with Pig Bile clears Liver and Gallbladder fire.
[Contraindications] Miao Xiyong stated: Overconsumption damages the Stomach. Contraindicated in cases of blood deficiency and cold in the Middle Jiao.