味辛。性平。无毒。禀金气而生于春阳之令。可升可降。阴中阳也。
【主治】主五内邪气。散皮肤骨节中淫淫温行毒。去三虫。化食。逐寸白。肠中 喘
息。
虫。食
【归经】入脾胃二经。为散风除湿。消积杀虫之品。（兼泻剂）
【前论】藏器曰。诸虫皆因湿而生。气食皆因寒而滞。士瀛曰。嗜酒人血入于酒为酒鳖。
多
背
【炮制】藏器曰。凡使芜荑。以气膻者良。乃山榆仁也。经疏曰。入药用大者。小者即
榆荚
味辛苦。性温。无毒。在天得少阳之气。为五车星之精。在地得火金之味而生。降
阴也。远志为使。恶元参、蛇皮。
【主治】主心腹疝气腹痛。益气。疗 。小儿三岁不能行。疽疮阴蚀。（本经）男子阴
痿。
囊
强
权）治中风骨节挛急。补五劳七伤。（大明）酿酒治风痹。四肢挛急。（苏颂）
【归经】入肝肾二经。为祛风湿壮筋骨之品。（兼补剂）
【前论】元素曰。肾得其养。则妄水去而骨壮。肝得其养。则邪风去而筋强。汪机曰。
风家
精。
【禁忌】经疏曰。下部无寒湿邪而有火。及肝肾虚而有火。均忌。
味苦辛。性微寒。无毒。禀阳气以生。兼得金化而成。升也。阳也。恶乌头、石膏。
【主治】主筋骨间寒热。湿痹拘挛。明目坚齿。利九窍。去白虫。（本经）风头痛。脑
鸣。
目
凉诸
【归经】入肝膀胱二经。兼入胃经。为搜风凉血之品。（兼轻剂 能散上部风热）
【前论】之才曰。齿虽属肾。为骨之余。而上龈属胃。下龈属大肠。阳明风热上攻。则
动摇肿痛。蔓荆能散阳明风热。故齿坚。时珍曰。体轻浮。上升而散。故所主者。皆头面风
热之症。仲淳曰。六淫之邪。风则伤筋。寒则伤骨。而为寒热。甚则或成湿痹。或为拘挛。
【禁忌】经疏曰。头目痛不因风邪而由血虚有火者。忌之。元素云。胃虚人不可服。恐
生痰
【炮制】雷公曰。凡使。去蒂子下白膜。酒浸一日。蒸之。晒干用。
【芜荑】
味辛。性平。无毒。禀受金气而生长于春季阳气旺盛之时。药性既可上升也可下降。属于阴中寓阳之品。
【主治】主要治疗五脏内的邪气。散发皮肤和骨节中那种隐隐流动的热毒。驱除三种寄生虫。帮助消化食物。驱逐蛔虫（寸白）。缓解肠鸣喘息。
【归经】入脾、胃二经。是疏散风邪、祛除湿气、消除积滞、杀虫的药物。（兼有泻下作用）
【前论】藏器说：各种寄生虫都因湿气而生，气机食滞都因寒气而停滞。士瀛说：嗜酒之人，血液进入酒中形成“酒鳖”（指体内积聚的病理产物）。
【炮制】藏器说：凡是使用芜荑，以气味腥膻者为好。它是山榆的种子。缪希雍《本草经疏》说：入药需用大的，小的就是榆荚。
【五加皮】
味辛苦。性温。无毒。在天得少阳之气，为五车星之精华。在地得火、金的味道而生长。药性主降。属阴。以远志为使药。畏元参、蛇皮。
【主治】主要治疗心腹疝气腹痛。益气。治疗小儿三岁还不能行走（发育迟缓）。治疗疽疮及阴部蚀烂。（出自《本经》）男子阳痿。阴囊强直。（出自李权）治疗中风引起的骨节拘挛急迫。补益五劳七伤。（出自《大明》）酿酒服用可治疗风痹。四肢拘挛急迫。（出自苏颂）
【归经】入肝、肾二经。是祛风湿、壮筋骨的药物。（兼有补益作用）
【前论】元素说：肾得到滋养，则妄动之水气去除而骨骼强壮。肝得到滋养，则邪风去除而筋脉强劲。汪机说：……精。
【禁忌】缪希雍《本草经疏》说：下部没有寒湿邪气而有火，以及肝肾虚而有火者，均忌用。
【蔓荆子】
味苦辛。性微寒。无毒。禀受阳气而生。兼得金气化生而成。药性主升。属阳。畏乌头、石膏。
【主治】主要治疗筋骨间的寒热。湿痹引起的拘挛。明目坚固牙齿。通利九窍。驱除白虫。（出自《本经》）治疗风头痛。脑鸣。目凉……
【归经】入肝、膀胱二经。兼入胃经。是搜风凉血的药物。（兼有轻扬之性，能疏散上部风热）
【前论】之才说：牙齿虽然属于肾，是骨之余，但上牙龈属于胃，下牙龈属于大肠。阳明风热上攻，则牙齿动摇肿痛。蔓荆子能疏散阳明风热，所以能使牙齿坚固。时珍说：药体质轻浮，上升而发散，所以所主治的都是头面部的风热病症。仲淳说：六淫之邪，风则伤筋，寒则伤骨，从而产生寒热。严重时或形成湿痹，或导致拘挛。
【禁忌】缪希雍《本草经疏》说：头目疼痛不是由风邪引起，而是由血虚有火导致的，忌用。元素说：胃虚的人不可服用，恐怕会生痰。
【炮制】雷公说：凡是使用，去掉蒂部和下面的白膜，用酒浸泡一天，蒸熟，晒干后使用。
[Wuyi]
Pungent in flavor. Neutral in nature. Non-toxic. It inherits the Qi of Metal and grows during the season of Spring Yang. Its action can ascend or descend. It is Yin containing Yang.
[Indications] Primarily treats pathogenic factors within the five Zang organs. Disperses the mild, warm, moving toxicity in the skin and joints. Eliminates three types of parasites. Promotes digestion. Expels tapeworms (Cestoda). Relieves intestinal borborygmus and wheezing.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Spleen and Stomach meridians. It is a substance that disperses Wind, removes Dampness, resolves accumulation, and kills parasites. (Also has a purgative effect)
[Preliminary Discussion] Canger stated: All parasites arise from Dampness; Qi stagnation and food retention arise from Cold. Shiyin stated: In people who indulge in alcohol, blood enters the wine to form "Jiu Die" (alcoholic accumulation/pathological product).
[Preparation] Canger stated: When using Wuyi, those with a fishy, pungent odor are superior. They are seeds of wild elm. Mi Xiongyong's *Bencao Jing Shu* stated: For medicinal use, select the larger ones; the smaller ones are elm samaras.
[Wujia Pi]
Pungent and bitter in flavor. Warm in nature. Non-toxic. In Heaven, it obtains the Qi of Shaoyang and is the essence of the Five Chariot Stars. On Earth, it grows obtaining the flavors of Fire and Metal. Its action descends. It belongs to Yin. It uses Yuanzhi as an guiding herb. It is incompatible with Xuanshen and Snake Skin.
[Indications] Primarily treats hernia and abdominal pain. Benefits Qi. Treats children who cannot walk at age three (developmental delay). Treats carbuncles, sores, and erosions of the genitalia. (From *Shennong Bencao Jing*) Male impotence. Induration of the scrotum. (From Li Quan) Treats joint stiffness and spasms caused by Wind-Stroke. Tonifies the five labors and seven injuries. (From *Tang Bencao*) Wine-treated treats wind-bi. Limb stiffness and spasms. (From Su Song)
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Liver and Kidney meridians. It is a substance that dispels Wind-Dampness and strengthens sinews and bones. (Also has a tonifying effect)
[Preliminary Discussion] Zhang Yuansu stated: When the Kidney is nourished, excessive water is eliminated and bones become strong. When the Liver is nourished, pathogenic Wind is expelled and sinews become strong. Wang Ji stated: ...Essence.
[Contraindications] Mi Xiongyong's *Bencao Jing Shu* stated: Contraindicated if there is no Cold-Dampness pathogen in the lower body but there is Fire, and also contraindicated for deficiency of Liver and Kidney accompanied by Fire.
[Manjingzi]
Bitter and pungent in flavor. Slightly cold in nature. Non-toxic. It inherits Yang Qi to grow and simultaneously undergoes transformation via Metal. Its action ascends. It belongs to Yang. It is incompatible with Aconitum and Gypsum.
[Indications] Primarily treats cold and heat sensations between sinews and bones. Bi-syndrome characterized by stiffness and spasms due to Dampness. Brightens the eyes and strengthens teeth. Unblocks the nine orifices. Expels white worms. (From *Shennong Bencao Jing*) Treats Wind headache. Tinnitus/Cranial buzzing. Cool eyes...
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Liver and Bladder meridians. Also enters the Stomach meridian. It is a substance that searches out Wind and cools Blood. (Also has a light, ascending nature, capable of dispersing upper-body Wind-Heat)
[Preliminary Discussion] Li Zhicai stated: Teeth belong to the Kidney as they are the surplus of bone, but the upper gums belong to the Stomach, and the lower gums belong to the Large Intestine. When Mingyang Wind-Heat attacks upward, teeth become loose, swollen, and painful. Manjingzi can disperse Mingyang Wind-Heat, thus strengthening teeth. Li Shizhen stated: The substance is light and floating, ascending and dispersing, so its indications are all Wind-Heat syndromes of the head and face. Chen Zhongchun stated: Pathogens of the six excesses: Wind injures sinews, Cold injures bones, resulting in cold and heat. Severe cases may develop into Damp-Bi or cause stiffness and spasms.
[Contraindications] Mi Xiongyong's *Bencao Jing Shu* stated: Contraindicated for headaches and eye pain not caused by Wind pathogens but by Blood deficiency with Fire. Zhang Yuansu stated: Persons with weak Stomach Qi should not take it, lest phlegm be generated.
[Preparation] Lei Gong stated: When using, remove the pedicel and the white membrane underneath. Soak in wine for one day, steam, dry in the sun, and use.