味甘咸。性平。无毒。禀水土之气而生。降多于升。阳中阴也。
【主治】主破血。产后血胀闷欲死。水煮五两。取浓汁服。（开宝） 妇人血气心腹痛。
月候
（大
方寸匕。
产后败血
【归经】入肝脾肾三经。兼入心胃二经。为散表行血之品。（三阴经血分药）
【前论】洁古曰。味辛性凉。发散表里风气。宜与防风同用。又能破死血。 时珍曰。
少用
【禁忌】经疏曰。产后恶露已尽。由血虚腹痛者。不宜用。
味辛。性温。有毒。生于盛夏六阳之令。而成于秋金之月。降也。阴也。芫花为使。
畏大黄、黄连、藜芦、冷水。
【主治】主伤寒温疟寒热。破症瘕结聚坚积。留饮痰癖。大腹水胀。能荡涤五脏六腑。
开通
金疮脓血
【归经】入胃大肠二经。为斩关夺门之品。（兼燥剂 能开窍宣滞）
【前论】丹溪曰。巴豆去胃中寒积。无寒积者勿用。 海藏曰。若急治。为水谷道路之
剂。
泻。
与大黄同用。泻火反缓。为其性相畏也。
【禁忌】经疏曰。凡一概汤散丸剂。切勿轻投。即不得已急症。亦须炒熟。压令油极净。
入
味甘辛。性寒。无毒。得土金之气而生。降多于升。阳中阴也。续断、桂心、麻
忌铁。
【主治】主肺气喘满。伤中。五劳六极。（本经） 去肺中水气。唾血热咳。水肿腹满
胪
胀。
客忤。
出汗
水气
颂）
【归经】入肺经。为清金之品。（兼燥剂 辛泻肺邪有余而止嗽 甘固元气不足而补虚）
【前论】罗谦甫曰。桑皮泻肺。是泻肺中火邪。非泻肺气也。火与元气不两立。火去则
气得
火
入
【禁忌】经疏曰。凡肺虚无火。因寒袭之而咳嗽者。勿用桑皮。
【苏木】
味甘、咸。性平。无毒。禀受水土之气而生。药势降多于升。属于阳中阴。
【主治】主要功效是破血。治疗产后血胀闷、痛苦欲死之症，用水煮五两苏木，取浓汁服用。（出自《开宝本草》）治疗妇人血气引起的心腹疼痛。月经期间（用大方寸匕量）。产后败血未尽。
【归经】入肝、脾、肾三经。兼入心、胃二经。属于发表行血的药物。（是三阴经血分的药物）
【前论】洁古说：味辛性凉。能发散表里的风气。宜与防风同用。又能破除死血。时珍说：少量使用。
【禁忌】《医宗金鉴·本草备要》（简称经疏）说：产后恶露已尽，因血虚导致腹痛者，不宜使用。
【巴豆】
味辛。性温。有毒。生于盛夏六阳当令之时。而成于秋季金旺之月。药势主降。属阴。以芫花为使药。
畏大黄、黄连、藜芦、冷水。
【主治】主要功效是治疗伤寒温疟引起的寒热往来。破除症瘕结聚和坚积。消除留饮痰癖。治疗大腹水胀。能荡涤五脏六腑。开通闭塞。治疗金疮脓血。
【归经】入胃、大肠二经。属于斩关夺门的峻猛药物。（兼有燥剂的作用，能开窍宣滞）
【前论】丹溪说：巴豆能去除胃中的寒积。没有寒积者勿用。海藏说：若急治，作为通利水谷道路的药剂。泻下。与大黄同用，泻火反而缓慢。因为它们的药性相互畏惧。
【禁忌】《医宗金鉴·本草备要》（简称经疏）说：凡是汤剂、散剂、丸剂，切勿轻易投用。即使不得已用于急症，也必须炒熟，压榨使其油分极净。入……
【桑根白皮】
味甘、辛。性寒。无毒。得土金之气而生。药势降多于升。属于阳中阴。续断、桂心、麻黄忌铁。
【主治】主要功效是治疗肺气喘满。伤中。五劳六极。（出自《本经》）去除肺中的水气。治疗唾血、热咳。水肿腹满胪胀。客忤。出汗。水气。（出自苏颂）
【归经】入肺经。属于清金的药物。（兼有燥剂的作用，辛能泻肺邪有余而止嗽，甘能固元气不足而补虚）
【前论】罗谦甫说：桑皮泻肺，是泻肺中的火邪，不是泻肺气。火与元气不两立。火去则气得……火入……
【禁忌】《医宗金鉴·本草备要》（简称经疏）说：凡是肺虚无火，因寒邪侵袭而导致咳嗽者，勿用桑皮。
[Sappan Wood]
Taste: Sweet, salty. Nature: Neutral. Non-toxic. Born from the qi of water and earth. Descending action exceeds ascending action. It is Yin within Yang.
[Indications] Primarily breaks blood stasis. Treats postpartum abdominal distension and oppression causing extreme suffering. Boil five liang in water, take the concentrated decoction. (From *Kaibao Bencao*) Treats heart and abdominal pain caused by blood and qi disorders in women. Menstruation. (Use one Fangcunbi dose). Postpartum retained blood.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Liver, Spleen, and Kidney meridians. Also enters the Heart and Stomach meridians. It is a substance that releases the exterior and promotes blood circulation. (It is a medicine for the blood aspect of the Three Yin meridians.)
[Prior Discussions] Jieguo stated: Taste pungent, nature cool. Disperses wind and qi in the interior and exterior. Should be used with Fangfeng. It can also break dead blood. Shizhen stated: Use in small amounts.
[Contraindications] *Jingshu* states: If lochia has finished after childbirth and abdominal pain is due to blood deficiency, it should not be used.
[Chinese Croton Seed]
Taste: Pungent. Nature: Warm. Toxic. Born during the peak of Summer Yang (the sixth Yang month). Matured in the Metal month of Autumn. Its action is descending. It is Yin. Used with Yuanhua as an assistant herb.
Incompatible with Dahuang, Huanglian, Lilu, and cold water.
[Indications] Primarily treats chills and fever from Shanghan and Wenmalaria. Breaks up masses, nodules, firm accumulations, and stubborn fluid retention or phlegm-pi. Treats massive abdominal edema. It can purge the Five Zang and Six Fu organs. Opens blockages. Treats traumatic injuries with pus and blood.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Stomach and Large Intestine meridians. It is a "gate-crashing" potent agent. (Also acts as a drying agent; opens orifices and unblocks stagnation.)
[Prior Discussions] Danxi stated: Chinese Croton Seed removes cold accumulation in the Stomach. Do not use if there is no cold accumulation. Haicang stated: For urgent treatment, it serves as a purgative for the pathways of food and fluids. Diarrhea. When used together with Dahuang, clearing fire becomes slower because their natures are mutually inhibitory.
[Contraindications] *Jingshu* states: Do not lightly administer in any decoction, powder, or pill form. Even in unavoidable emergency cases, it must be stir-fried until cooked, pressed to remove all oil completely. Enter...
[Mulberry Root Bark]
Taste: Sweet, pungent. Nature: Cold. Non-toxic. Born from the qi of Earth and Metal. Descending action exceeds ascending action. It is Yin within Yang. Xu Duan, Guixin, and Mahuang are incompatible with iron.
[Indications] Primarily treats lung asthma and wheezing with fullness. Damaged middle jiao. The six extremes of five labors. (From *Benjing*). Removes water qi from the lungs. Treats hemoptysis, hot cough, edema, abdominal distension, and subcutaneous swelling. Ke Wu. Sweating. Water qi. (From Su Song)
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Lung meridian. It is a "clearing Metal" agent. (Also acts as a drying agent; Pungency drains excess Lung pathogenic factors to stop coughing; Sweetness consolidates deficient primal Qi to tonify deficiency.)
[Prior Discussions] Luo Qianfu stated: Sangpi drains the Lung, but it drains Lung Fire pathogen, not Lung Qi. Fire and Primal Qi cannot coexist. When Fire is removed, Qi is restored... Fire enters...
[Contraindications] *Jingshu* states: If the Lung is deficient without Fire, and coughing is caused by Cold invasion, do not use Sangpi.