味甘。性温平。无毒。禀土之冲气以生。可升可降。阳也。恶甘遂。一名山药。
【主治】主补虚羸。除寒热邪气。补中。益气力。长肌肉。强阴。（本经）头面游风。
头
风眼
开心孔
【归经】入肺脾二经。兼入心肾二经。为补益之品。（兼涩剂）
【前论】 庵曰。山药入肺脾二经。补其不足。清其虚热。固肠胃。润皮毛。化痰涎。
止泻
生捣
【禁忌】经疏曰。不宜与面同食。
味甘。性平。无毒。得土金之气。兼得天之清和以生。可升可降。阳中阴也。白花者
入药。
【主治】主邪气腹胀心痛。利大小便。补中益气。（本经）除浮肿胪胀。痞满寒热。通
身
疼痛
合病。（
清火。为
【归经】入肝大肠二经。兼入心经。为清凉退热之品。（润肺宁心清热止嗽）
【前论】丹溪曰。久嗽之人。肺气必虚。虚则宜敛。百合之甘敛。胜于五味之酸收也。
【禁忌】经疏曰。中寒者勿服。
以上补剂菜部
味甘。性温平。无毒。得土之冲气。兼感天之微阳以生。降也。阳也。杀附子、乌头、
天雄毒。
【主治】主安中。养脾气。平胃气。通九窍。助十二经。补少气。少津液。身中不足。
大惊
除肠
【归经】入心脾二经。为补中益气之品。（脾经血分药能和解百药）
【前论】士瀛曰。经曰。里不足者以甘补之。又曰。形不足者。温之以气。甘能补中。
温能
【禁忌】经疏曰。中满者。小儿疳病者。齿痛及患痰热者。均忌。生者尤不利人。多食
致寒
【薯蓣】
味甘。性温平。无毒。禀受土的冲和之气而生。可升可降。属阳。畏甘遂。又名山药。
【主治】主要治疗身体虚弱消瘦。去除寒热邪气。补益中焦。益气力。促进肌肉生长。增强阴精。（出自《本经》）头面游风。头风。眼疾。开通心窍。
【归经】入肺、脾二经。兼入心、肾二经。属于补益类药物。（兼有涩性制剂）
【前论】李杲说：山药入肺、脾二经。补其不足。清其虚热。固护肠胃。滋润皮毛。化痰涎。止泻。生捣汁用。
【禁忌】缪希雍说：不宜与面食同食。
【百合】
味甘。性平。无毒。得土、金之气。兼得天之清和之气而生。可升可降。属于阳中之阴。白花者入药。
【主治】主要治疗邪气引起的腹胀心痛。通利大小便。补中益气。（出自《本经》）去除浮肿腹满。痞满寒热。周身疼痛。合病。（清热泻火。为……）
【归经】入肝、大肠二经。兼入心经。属于清凉退热类药物。（润肺宁心清热止咳）
【前论】朱震亨说：久咳之人。肺气必然虚弱。虚弱则宜收敛。百合的甘缓收敛作用。胜过五味子的酸收作用。
【禁忌】缪希雍说：中寒者勿服。
以上为补剂菜部
【枣】
味甘。性温平。无毒。得土之冲和之气。兼感天之微阳而生。主降。属阳。能杀附子、乌头、天雄的毒性。
【主治】主要安和中焦。滋养脾气。平和胃气。通利九窍。助十二经脉。补少气。补少津液。身体中的不足。大惊。去除肠……
【归经】入心、脾二经。属于补中益气类药物。（脾经血分药能和解百药）
【前论】士瀛说：经书说。里虚不足者用甘味补益。又说。形体虚弱者。用气来温养。甘能补中。温能……
【禁忌】缪希雍说：中满者。小儿疳积病患者。齿痛及患痰热者。均忌用。生枣尤其不利于人。多食导致寒凉。
[Shuyu (Dioscorea Opposita)]
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Warm and neutral. Non-toxic. Born from the harmonious Qi of Earth. Capable of ascending and descending. Yang in nature. Adversely affected by Kansui (Kansu Larkspur Root). Also known as Shanyao (Chinese Yam).
【Indications】Primarily treats deficiency emaciation. Eliminates pathogenic cold and heat. Tonifies the Middle Jiao. Augments Qi and strength. Promotes muscle growth. Strengthens Yin essence. (From *Ben Jing* [Classic of Materia Medica]). Treats wandering wind on the head and face. Head wind. Eye disorders. Opens the orifices of the heart.
【Meridian Tropism】Enters the Lung and Spleen meridians. Concurrently enters the Heart and Kidney meridians. Belongs to tonifying agents. (Also acts as an astringent preparation.)
【Preceding Discussion】Li Gao stated: Shuyu enters the Lung and Spleen meridians. It tonifies deficiencies, clears deficient heat, secures the intestines and stomach, moistens skin and hair, transforms phlegm and saliva, and stops diarrhea. Raw and crushed for use.
【Contraindications】Miao Xiyong stated: Should not be consumed together with wheat flour products.
[Baihe (Lilium Bulb)]
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Neutral. Non-toxic. Receives the Qi of Earth and Metal. Born concurrently with the clear and harmonious Qi of Heaven. Capable of ascending and descending. Yin within Yang. The white-flowered variety is used medicinally.
【Indications】Primarily treats abdominal distension and heart pain caused by pathogens. Facilitates urination and defecation. Tonifies the Middle Jiao and augments Qi. (From *Ben Jing*). Eliminates edema and abdominal fullness. Disperses stagnation, cold, and heat. Relieves generalized body pain. Treats combined syndromes. (Clears fire. As...)
【Meridian Tropism】Enters the Liver and Large Intestine meridians. Concurrently enters the Heart meridian. Belongs to cooling and antipyretic agents. (Moistens the lungs, calms the heart, clears heat, and stops coughing.)
【Preceding Discussion】Zhu Zhenheng stated: In cases of chronic cough, Lung Qi must be deficient. When deficient, astringency is appropriate. The sweet astringency of Baihe surpasses the sour astringency of Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry).
【Contraindications】Miao Xiyong stated: Do not administer to patients with Cold in the Middle Jiao.
The above belong to the Vegetable Category of Tonifying Agents.
[Zao (Jujube Fruit)]
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Warm and neutral. Non-toxic. Receives the harmonious Qi of Earth. Concurrently perceives the slight Yang of Heaven. Predominantly descending. Yang in nature. Can neutralize the toxicity of Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root), Wutou (Aconite Tuber), and Tianxiong (Aconite Side Root).
【Indications】Primarily pacifies and harmonizes the Middle Jiao. Nourishes Spleen Qi. Harmonizes Stomach Qi. Unblocks the nine orifices. Assists the twelve meridians. Tonifies scanty Qi. Replenishes scanty body fluids. Addresses bodily insufficiencies. Calms severe fright. Eliminates intestinal...
【Meridian Tropism】Enters the Heart and Spleen meridians. Belongs to agents that tonify the Middle Jiao and augment Qi. (Spleen meridian blood-level agents can harmonize various herbs.)
【Preceding Discussion】Shi Ying stated: The classics state: For interior deficiency, use sweet flavors to tonify. It also states: For physical weakness, warm with Qi. Sweet flavors can tonify the Middle Jiao. Warmth can...
【Contraindications】Miao Xiyong stated: Contraindicated for those with fullness in the Middle Jiao, children with Gan disease (malnutrition syndrome), toothache, and phlegm-heat conditions. Raw jujubes are particularly disadvantageous. Excessive consumption leads to Cold.