〔汤〕
小儿寒吐者，由乳母当风取凉解脱，致令风冷入乳变败，儿若饮之，故呕吐也，乳母当食后捏去旧宿败乳，
急服理中汤，次用酿乳法，其候是寒清痰夹乳吐出是也。凡有此候服药不效，胃气将绝，药不能下，当服灵砂
丸。如大便通，宜来复丹，二药常用，验。〔薛〕寒吐之证，面目胀，额汗出，脉沉迟微，寒气停于胃，故胃不
纳而吐出也。哕逆者，由胃气虚甚，过服克伐，使清气不升，浊气不降，以致气不宣通而作也。风寒在胃者，用
理中丸。胃气虚者，六君子汤。风凉所致者，宜捏去败乳，急服理中丸，次服酿乳法。若呕吐清涎夹乳，小便
清利，用大安丸。若因乳母食浓味，用东垣清胃散。若乳母饮醇酒，用葛花解酲汤，饮烧酒服冷米醋三五杯。
乳母食生冷而致者，用五味异功散。乳母停食者，母服大安丸，子服异功散。乳母劳役者，子、母俱服补中益气
汤。乳母怒动肝火者，用加味逍遥散。乳母郁怒伤脾者，用归脾汤。乳母脾虚血弱者，用六君芎归，其子亦服三
五滴。气血虚而乳热者，子、母俱服八珍散，仍参热吐霍乱治之。
〔世〕万安膏 治小儿脾胃虚弱，腹生疳虫 瘕，食积泄泻，常服消疳去积，助胃气，和中，疏气滞。
人参 浓朴（姜制） 陈皮 青皮 肉桂（夏不用） 干姜（各一两） 木香 沉香 藿香 甘
草（各半两） 使君子（炮，十个） 泽泻（冬不用，春秋减半用）
上为末，炼蜜丸，如芡实大。食前米饮化下。如热，薄荷汤下。一方，无木香、
沉香、藿香、青皮、四君子，有白术、苍术、茯苓、猪苓。
〔田〕朱沉丹 治小儿呕吐不止。
朱砂（二钱半） 沉香（二钱） 藿香（三钱） 滑石（半两） 丁香（十四粒）
上为细末。每服半钱，用新汲水一盏，芝麻油滴成花子，抄药在上，须臾坠，滤去水，却用别水，空心送下。
定吐紫金核 治小儿一切呕吐不止。
半夏（汤洗七次，姜制） 人参 白术 木香 丁香 藿香（各二钱半）
上为细末，稀面糊为丸，如李核大。后用沉香一钱为末，朱砂一钱水飞，二味同研匀为衣。阴干，每服一丸，
用小枣一枚去核，纳药在内，湿纸裹，烧熟，嚼
与小儿服，后以米饮压之。
香银丸 治吐
丁香 干葛（各一钱） 半夏（汤浸，切，焙） 水银（各半两）
上，上三味同为细末，将水银，与药研匀，生姜汁丸，如麻子大。每服一二丸至五七丸，煎金银花汤下，无时。
《本事》白术散 治小儿吐呕，脉迟细，有寒。
白术 人参 半夏曲（各二钱） 茯苓 干姜 甘草（各一钱）
上为末。每服二钱，水一盏，姜三片，枣一枚，煎七分，去滓温服，日二三。
一方，无半夏曲，有木香、藿香。
姜橘汤 治脾慢胃冷，呕吐不止。
白姜（二钱，炮） 陈橘皮（去白，一两） 粉草（炙，三钱）
上件，锉焙为末。每服半钱或一钱，用温枣汤调化，空心，少与缓服。
定吐饮 治吐逆，投诸药不止，用此神效。
半夏（汤洗七遍，焙干，锉如绿豆大，筛去细末，二两） 生姜（干净，和皮、二两） 薄桂（去粗皮，锉，三钱）
上，生姜切作小框绿豆大，同前半夏和匀，入小铛内慢火顺手炒令香熟，带
干方下桂再炒匀，微有香气，以皮纸摊盛地上，出火毒，候冷，略播去黑焦末。每服二钱，水一盏，姜二片，煎七
分，稍空心，少与缓服。
参香饮 治胃虚作吐，投诸药不止。
人参（去芦，一两） 沉香 丁香 藿香（和梗） 南木香（各二钱半）
上锉。每服二钱，水一盏，煎七分，去滓，临入姜汁少许，作三次，空心温服。
【汤】
小儿寒吐，是由于乳母在风中乘凉、衣着单薄，导致风冷之气侵入乳汁使其变质，婴儿饮用后，因此发生呕吐。乳母应在进食后挤出并丢弃陈旧败坏的乳汁，婴儿应立即服用理中汤，随后采用“酿乳法”（即通过调理母亲饮食起居以改善乳汁质量的方法）。其症状表现为吐出清稀的痰液夹杂乳汁。凡是出现这种症状且服药无效的，说明胃气即将衰竭，药物无法下咽，应当服用灵砂丸。如果大便通畅，适宜服用来复丹，这两种药是常用方，疗效确切。
【薛】
寒吐的症状，表现为面目浮肿，额头出汗，脉象沉迟而微弱，这是因为寒气停滞于胃部，导致胃不能受纳食物而将其吐出。呃逆（打嗝），是由于胃气极度虚弱，过度使用攻伐药物，使得清气不能上升，浊气不能下降，从而导致气机宣通受阻而引发。若因风寒在胃所致，使用理中丸。若因胃气虚所致，使用六君子汤。若因风凉所致，宜挤出败乳，急服理中丸，随后服用酿乳法。若呕吐清涎夹杂乳汁，小便清长通畅，使用大安丸。若因乳母食用浓味厚腻食物所致，使用东垣清胃散。若乳母饮用烈性酒，使用葛花解酲汤，并饮用烧酒后喝三五杯冷米醋。若因乳母食用生冷食物所致，使用五味异功散。若乳母有食积停滞，母亲服用大安丸，婴儿服用异功散。若乳母因劳累所致，母子均服用补中益气汤。若乳母因愤怒引动肝火，使用加味逍遥散。若乳母因郁怒损伤脾脏，使用归脾汤。若乳母脾虚血弱，使用六君芎归汤，其子也服用三四滴。若气血虚弱且乳汁发热，母子均服用八珍散，同时参照热吐和霍乱的治法进行调理。
【世】
万安膏：治疗小儿脾胃虚弱，腹部生疳虫及瘕聚，食积泄泻。常服可消疳去积，助益胃气，调和脾胃，疏通气滞。
配方：人参、浓朴（姜制）、陈皮、青皮、肉桂（夏季不用）、干姜（各一两）、木香、沉香、藿香、甘草（各半两）、使君子（炮制，十个）、泽泻（冬季不用，春秋季节减半使用）。
以上药材研为细末，用炼蜜制成如芡实大小的丸剂。饭前用米汤送服化开。若有热象，用薄荷汤送服。另一版本方剂，不含木香、沉香、藿香、青皮，四君子汤组成（人参、白术、茯苓、甘草），但含有白术、苍术、茯苓、猪苓。
【田】
朱沉丹：治疗小儿呕吐不止。
配方：朱砂（二钱半）、沉香（二钱）、藿香（三钱）、滑石（半两）、丁香（十四粒）。
以上药材研为极细末。每次服用半钱，取一盏新汲水，滴入芝麻油形成花朵状纹路，将药粉撒在水面上，片刻后药粉下沉，滤去水分，再用其他清水，空腹送服。
定吐紫金核：治疗小儿一切呕吐不止。
配方：半夏（开水清洗七次，姜制）、人参、白术、木香、丁香、藿香（各二钱半）。
以上药材研为细末，用稀面糊制成如李子核大小的丸剂。后用沉香一钱研末，朱砂一钱水飞处理，将这两味药研匀作为丸剂的包衣。阴干后，每次服用一丸，取一枚去核的小枣，将药丸纳入枣内，用湿纸包裹，烧熟后嚼碎给小儿服用，随后用米汤压服。
香银丸：治疗呕吐。
配方：丁香、干葛（各一钱）、半夏（开水浸泡，切片，焙干）、水银（各半两）。
以上前三味药同为细末，将水银与药粉研磨均匀，用生姜汁制成如麻子大小的丸剂。每次服用一二丸至五七丸，煎金银花汤送服，不拘时间。
《本事方》白术散：治疗小儿呕吐，脉象迟细，属寒证。
配方：白术、人参、半夏曲（各二钱）、茯苓、干姜、甘草（各一钱）。
以上药材研为细末。每次服用二钱，加水一盏，生姜三片，大枣一枚，煎至七分，去渣温服，每日二三次。
另一版本方剂，无半夏曲，含有木香、藿香。
姜橘汤：治疗脾慢胃冷，呕吐不止。
配方：白姜（二钱，炮制）、陈橘皮（去白，一两）、粉草（炙，三钱）。
以上药材切碎焙干研为细末。每次服用半钱或一钱，用温热的枣汤调化，空腹少量缓慢服用。
定吐饮：治疗吐逆，投用各种药物无效者，用此方神效。
配方：半夏（开水清洗七遍，焙干，锉成绿豆大小，筛去细末，二两）、生姜（干净，带皮，二两）、薄桂（去粗皮，锉碎，三钱）。
以上，生姜切成小方块如绿豆大，与前药半夏混合均匀，放入小锅中用慢火顺手炒至香熟，带着干燥的桂枝再炒匀，微有香气，摊在皮纸上置于地上以去除火毒，待冷却后，略簸去黑焦的细末。每次服用二钱，加水一盏，生姜二片，煎至七分，稍空腹时少量缓慢服用。
参香饮：治疗胃虚作吐，投用各种药物无效者。
配方：人参（去芦头，一两）、沉香、丁香、藿香（带梗）、南木香（各二钱半）。
以上药材切碎。每次服用二钱，加水一盏，煎至七分，去渣，临服时加入少许姜汁，分三次，空腹温服。
[Tang]
Infant cold vomiting is caused by the wet nurse exposing herself to wind while cooling off or wearing thin clothing, allowing wind-cold pathogens to enter the breast milk and spoil it. If the infant drinks this spoiled milk, vomiting occurs. The wet nurse should express and discard old, spoiled breast milk after meals. The infant should immediately take Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction), followed by the "nurturing milk method" (a technique involving regulating the mother's diet and lifestyle to improve milk quality). The clinical presentation involves vomiting clear phlegm mixed with breast milk. In cases where these symptoms do not respond to medication, it indicates that Stomach Qi is nearly exhausted and cannot retain medicine; in such instances, Lingsha Wan (Cinnabar Pill) should be administered. If bowel movements are unobstructed, Laifu Dan (Revive Life Pill) is appropriate. These two formulas are commonly used and have proven efficacy.
[Xue]
The syndrome of cold vomiting presents with swelling of the face and eyes, sweating on the forehead, and a deep, slow, and faint pulse. This is due to cold pathogen stagnation in the Stomach, causing the Stomach to fail in receiving food and expelling it upwards. Hiccups arise from extreme deficiency of Stomach Qi, often resulting from excessive use of draining or attacking herbs, which prevents Clear Qi from ascending and Turbid Qi from descending, thereby obstructing the free flow of Qi. For cold pathogen in the Stomach, Lizhong Wan (Regulate the Middle Pill) is used. For Stomach Qi deficiency, Liu Junzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) is indicated. For cases caused by wind-cold, express spoiled milk, urgently administer Lizhong Wan, and subsequently apply the nurturing milk method. If vomiting involves clear saliva mixed with milk, accompanied by clear and profuse urination, Da'an Wan (Great Peace Pill) is used. If caused by the wet nurse consuming rich and heavy flavors, Dongyuan Qingwei San (Dongyuan's Stomach-Clearing Powder) is prescribed. If the wet nurse has consumed strong alcohol, Gegua Jie Cheng Tang (Kudzu Flower Decoction for Relieving Alcohol Intoxication) is used, along with drinking roasted liquor followed by three to five cups of cold rice vinegar. If caused by the wet nurse consuming raw and cold foods, Wuwei Yigong San (Five-Ingredient Extraordinary Merit Powder) is indicated. If the wet nurse has food stagnation, the mother takes Da'an Wan, and the infant takes Yigong San. If the wet nurse suffers from overexertion, both mother and infant take Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). If the wet nurse's anger stirs Liver Fire, Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) is used. If the wet nurse's spleen is injured by depression and anger, Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction) is indicated. If the wet nurse has Spleen deficiency and blood weakness, Liu Jun Xiong Gui Tang (Six Gentlemen with Ligusticum and Angelica Decoction) is used, and the infant also takes three to five drops. If there is Qi and Blood deficiency with hot milk, both mother and infant take Bazhen San (Eight Treasures Powder), and treatment should also reference methods for heat vomiting and cholera-like disorders.
[Shi]
Wan'an Gao (Ten Thousand Safety Plaster): Treats infant Spleen and Stomach weakness, abdominal pinworms and masses, food stagnation, and diarrhea. Regular use eliminates parasites and stagnation, assists Stomach Qi, harmonizes the middle Jiao, and moves Qi stagnation.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum), Huoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) [each 1 liang]; Shijunzi (Quisqualis Fructus) [10 pieces, processed]; Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma) [not used in winter, half dose in spring/autumn].
Process into fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Euryale Seed. Dissolve and take before meals with rice water. If heat signs are present, take with Mint Decoction. Another variation excludes Muxiang, Chenxiang, Huoxiang, and Qingpi; includes Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), and Zhuling (Polyporus).
[Tian]
Zhushen Dan (Cinnabar and Aquilaria Pill): Treats persistent infant vomiting.
Ingredients: Zhusha (Cinnabaris), Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum), Huoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Huashi (Talcum), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos).
Process into fine powder. Take 0.5 qian per dose. Add a few drops of Sesame Oil to a cup of fresh well water to create a flower-like pattern. Sprinkle the powder on top; after a moment when it sinks, filter out the water. Use clean water to administer orally on an empty stomach.
Dingtou Zijin He (Stabilize Vomiting Purple-Gold Kernel): Treats all types of persistent infant vomiting.
Ingredients: Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed seven times in boiling water, processed with ginger), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Huoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba) [each 2.5 qian].
Process into fine powder, bind with thin flour paste into pills the size of a plum seed. Coat with powder made from 1 qian of Chenxiang and 1 qian of Zhusha (water-triturated). Dry in shade. Take one pill per dose: place the pill inside a pitted jujube, wrap in wet paper, roast until cooked, chew, and give to the infant. Follow with rice water.
Xiangyin Wan (Fragrant and Mercury Pill): Treats vomiting.
Ingredients: Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, soaked in boiling water, sliced, dried), Shuiyin (Hydrargyrum) [each 0.5 liang].
Grind the first three ingredients into fine powder. Triturate Hydrargyrum with the powder until uniform. Form pills the size of hemp seeds using Ginger Juice. Take 1-2 pills up to 5-7 pills per dose, with decoction of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Jinyinhua). Take at any time.
Baizhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder) from *Ben Shi Fang*: Treats infant vomiting with slow and fine pulses, indicating cold.
Ingredients: Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Banxiaqu (Pinelliae Fermented Rhizoma) [each 2 qian]; Fuling (Poria), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) [each 1 qian].
Process into powder. Take 2 qian per dose with one cup of water, 3 slices of ginger, and 1 jujube. Decoct to 70% volume, strain, and take warm. Twice or thrice daily.
Another variation excludes Banxiaqu and includes Muxiang and Huoxiang.
Jiangju Tang (Ginger and Tangerine Peel Decoction): Treats sluggish Spleen and cold Stomach with persistent vomiting.
Ingredients: Baijiang (Prepared White Ginger), Chenjupi (Aged Tangerine Peel, white pith removed), Fencǎo (Processed Licorice Root).
Chop and dry, then process into powder. Take 0.5 or 1 qian per dose, dissolved in warm jujube tea. Take on an empty stomach in small amounts slowly.
Dingtou Yin (Stabilize Vomiting Infusion): Treats regurgitation/vomiting unresponsive to other medications; highly effective.
Ingredients: Banxia (washed 7 times in boiling water, dried, cut to mung bean size, fines sifted out, 2 liang), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, clean with skin, 2 liang), Bao Gui (Thin Cinnamon Bark, outer bark removed, cut, 3 qian).
Cut ginger into small cubes like mung beans. Mix evenly with Banxia. Stir-fry slowly in a small pan until fragrant and cooked. Add dried Gui (Cinnamon) and stir-fry evenly until slightly fragrant. Spread on parchment paper on the ground to remove fire toxicity. Cool and gently winnow away black charred fines. Take 2 qian per dose with one cup of water and 2 slices of ginger. Decoct to 70% volume. Take on a slightly empty stomach in small amounts slowly.
Shenxiang Yin (Ginseng and Aquilaria Infusion): Treats vomiting due to Stomach deficiency unresponsive to other medications.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, rhizome removed, 1 liang), Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Huoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba, with stem), Nanmuxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) [each 2.5 qian].
Chop coarsely. Take 2 qian per dose with one cup of water. Decoct to 70% volume, strain, add a little Ginger Juice just before serving. Divide into three doses, take warm on an empty stomach.