此名乳嗽，实难调理，亦恶证也，当审虚实而施治焉，实者散之，虚者补之。其
证气粗痰盛，口疮眼热，发散后，可利之，比金丸（惊痫）等药主之，散其实也。其证呕
吐，嗽后惊悸，困倦自汗者，当用补肺散、益黄散、天麻散补其虚也。大抵治惊
嗽，琥珀散主之。天麻丸乃要药也，用天麻、蝉蜕、僵蚕、人参、川芎、甘草、硼
砂、天竺黄、胆制南星、白附子、坯、雄黄、金箔末之，炼蜜丸如鸡头大，金
箔为衣，每服一丸，薄荷汤化下，治未满百 ，咳嗽不止，远胜诸药。〔曾〕百日
内婴孩，偶咳嗽痰壅，睡中不宁，亦因产后感风而得，但不可过用发散之剂，先以
解表散（见前）一二服，次投贝母汤及惺惺散治。〔薛〕若脾胃内热者用抱龙丸（惊）。风邪
外感者用惺惺散（痘初热）。痰热既去，而气粗痰盛，或流涎者，脾肺气虚也，用异功散
（吐泻）加桔梗。口疮眼热，大便坚实者用三黄丸（里热）。大便不实者用白术散（渴）。若呕吐不
乳，困倦自汗，或自利腹胀者，脾胃气虚也，用六君子（吐泻）加柴胡。若惊悸困倦，痰
盛不乳者，心脾血虚也，四君（吐泻）加芎、归、酸枣仁。或因乳母食五辛浓味，致儿为
患者，仍参喘嗽诸证。
补肺散（又名阿胶散） 治小儿久患咳嗽，气急有痰，恶心喘虚。（见前）
天麻散 治婴儿咳嗽有痰，气壅面红。
南星（水浸，春秋五日、冬七日、夏三日，半两） 天麻（三钱） 辰砂（一钱） 麝香（一字）
上为末。每服一字，用杏仁汤调下，人参汤亦可。
天麻丸 治小儿未满百 ，咳嗽不止，名曰乳嗽。
天麻 蝉蜕 僵蚕 人参（各一钱） 川芎（一钱半） 甘草（二钱） 硼砂（半钱） 辰砂 天竺黄
牛胆南星（各二钱） 白附子 坯 雄黄（各一钱） 金箔（五片）
上为末，炼蜜丸如芡实大，金箔为衣。每服一丸，薄荷汤化下。
琥珀散 治急慢惊风，涎潮昏冒，目瞪惊搐，内钓腹痛，或惊痫时发。
辰砂（一钱半） 琥珀 牛黄 僵蚕（炒，去丝嘴） 牛胆南星 全蝎 白附子 代赭石 天
麻乳香 蝉壳（各一钱）
上，为末。每服一二分，白汤调下。
贝母汤 主百日内婴孩，咳嗽有痰。
贝母（一两） 甘草（半炙半生，二钱）
上件锉焙为末。每服一字或半钱，用陈米煎汤，空心调服，痰盛，淡姜汤调下。
惺惺散 主伤风伤寒，痰嗽咳逆，理虚和气，宁心清肌，止啼去烦，利咽解失音。
人参（去芦，半两） 桔梗（锉，炒） 白茯苓（去皮） 白术 天花粉（四味各一两） 细辛（去叶，二钱） 防
风（去芦） 川芎 南星（生用，三味各二钱半） 甘草（半生半炙，七钱）
上件 咀。每服二钱，水一盏，姜二片，薄荷三叶，慢火煎七分，无时温服。
《外台·短剧》疗少小十日以上至五十日卒得暴咳，吐乳呕逆，昼夜不得息。
四物汤
桔梗 紫菀（各三分） 甘草（炙，一分） 麦门冬（去心，七分）
上药切，以水一升，煮取六合，去滓。分五服，以瘥为度。《千金》有桂心，无
桔梗，以水二升，煮取一升，以绵着汤中，捉绵滴儿口中，昼夜四五过，节哺乳。
〔张涣〕雄黄膏 治月里儿咳嗽，并三岁以下皆可服。
雄黄（一钱，细研） 杏仁（七粒，去皮尖） 半夏（七个，童子小便浸一宿，切作片子，焙干，为末）
上一处研匀，用生姜自然汁半两、蜜半两，一处入药末于罐子内重汤中熬，用
柳枝子搅成膏。每服一皂子大，涂奶头，与儿吮，或糯米饮调下。
〔赵氏〕治小儿未 咳嗽方
白僵蚕（直者）
上，为细末，涂少许奶头上，令儿吃，立效。
这种病证称为乳嗽，实际上很难调理，也属于恶证。应当审察虚实而施治：实证用发散法，虚证用补益法。
如果患儿表现为气粗痰盛、口疮眼热，在发散治疗后，可以使用利下法，以金丸（主治惊痫）等药物为主，以消散其实邪。如果患儿表现为呕吐、咳嗽后出现惊悸、困倦自汗，则应当使用补肺散、益黄散、天麻散来补其虚损。大抵治疗惊嗽，以琥珀散为主方。天麻丸是重要的药物，由天麻、蝉蜕、僵蚕、人参、川芎、甘草、硼砂、天竺黄、胆制南星、白附子、坯、雄黄、金箔末组成，炼蜜制成如鸡头大小的丸剂，以金箔为衣，每次服用一丸，用薄荷汤化开送服，治疗未满百日的婴儿咳嗽不止，效果远胜于其他药物。
〔曾〕百日内的婴儿，偶尔出现咳嗽痰壅、睡中不安，也是因分娩后感风所致，但不可过度使用发散药剂。先服用解表散（见前文）一二剂，随后投用贝母汤及惺惺散治疗。
〔薛〕如果是脾胃内热者，使用抱龙丸（主治惊）。如果是风邪外感者，使用惺惺散（主治痘疹初起发热）。痰热既去，若仍有气粗痰盛或流涎现象，这是脾肺气虚，使用异功散（主治吐泻）加桔梗。如果有口疮眼热、大便坚实，使用三黄丸（主治里热）。如果大便不实，使用白术散（主治口渴）。如果出现呕吐不乳、困倦自汗，或自利腹胀，这是脾胃气虚，使用六君子汤（主治吐泻）加柴胡。如果出现惊悸困倦、痰盛不乳，这是心脾血虚，使用四君子汤（主治吐泻）加川芎、当归、酸枣仁。或者因为乳母食用五辛浓味食物，导致患儿患病，仍参考喘嗽诸证进行治疗。
补肺散（又名阿胶散） 治疗小儿久患咳嗽，气急有痰，恶心喘虚。（见前文）
南星（水浸，春秋季五日、冬季七日、夏季三日，半两） 天麻（三钱） 辰砂（一钱） 麝香（一字）
以上研为细末。每次服用一字，用杏仁汤调下，用人参汤也可以。
天麻丸 治疗小儿未满百日，咳嗽不止，名为乳嗽。
天麻 蝉蜕 僵蚕 人参（各一钱） 川芎（一钱半） 甘草（二钱） 硼砂（半钱） 辰砂 天竺黄 牛胆南星（各二钱） 白附子 坯 雄黄（各一钱） 金箔（五片）
以上研为细末，炼蜜制成如芡实大小的丸剂，以金箔为衣。每次服用一丸，用薄荷汤化开送服。
琥珀散 治疗急慢惊风，涎潮昏冒，目瞪惊搐，内钓腹痛，或惊痫时发。
辰砂（一钱半） 琥珀 牛黄 僵蚕（炒，去丝嘴） 牛胆南星 全蝎 白附子 代赭石 天麻 乳香 蝉壳（各一钱）
以上研为细末。每次服用一二分，用白开水调下。
贝母汤 主治百日内的婴儿，咳嗽有痰。
贝母（一两） 甘草（半炙半生，二钱）
以上切碎焙干研为细末。每次服用一字或半钱，用陈米煎汤，空腹调服；痰多者，用淡姜汤调下。
惺惺散 主治伤风伤寒，痰嗽咳逆，理虚和气，宁心清肌，止啼去烦，利咽解失音。
人参（去芦，半两） 桔梗（锉，炒） 白茯苓（去皮） 白术 天花粉（这四味各一两） 细辛（去叶，二钱） 防风（去芦） 川芎 南星（生用，这三味各二钱半） 甘草（半生半炙，七钱）
以上切碎。每次服用二钱，用水一盏，生姜二片，薄荷三叶，慢火煎至七分，随时温服。
《外台秘要·短剧》篇记载：治疗十日至五十日大的婴儿突然发生暴咳，吐乳呕逆，昼夜不得安宁。
四物汤
桔梗 紫菀（各三分） 甘草（炙，一分） 麦门冬（去心，七分）
以上药材切碎，用水一升，煮取六合，去渣。分五次服用，以痊愈为度。《千金方》中有桂心，无桔梗，用水二升，煮取一升，用绵絮蘸药汤，滴入婴儿口中，昼夜四五次，节制哺乳。
〔张涣〕雄黄膏 治疗月子里的婴儿咳嗽，以及三岁以下的儿童皆可服用。
雄黄（一钱，细研） 杏仁（七粒，去皮尖） 半夏（七个，童子小便浸泡一夜，切作片子，焙干，研为细末）
以上混合研匀，用生姜自然汁半两、蜂蜜半两，将药末放入罐中，隔水熬制，用柳枝搅拌成膏状。每次服用皂荚子大小，涂抹在奶头上，让婴儿吮吸，或用糯米饮调下。
This condition is called "Ru Sou" (Infant Cough), which is actually difficult to manage and is considered a malignant syndrome. Treatment should be based on an assessment of deficiency or excess: for excess conditions, disperse the pathogen; for deficiency conditions, tonify the body.
If the patient presents with coarse breathing and abundant phlegm, mouth ulcers, and hot eyes, after dispersion therapy, purgation may be employed, primarily using medicines such as Bijin Wan (Jinwan) (indicated for fright and epilepsy) to dissipate the excess pathogenic factors. If the patient presents with vomiting, palpitations and fright after coughing, fatigue, and spontaneous sweating, Tonifying Lung Powder (Bufei San), Yi Huang San, and Tianma San should be used to tonify the deficiency. Generally, for treating cough due to fright, Hupo San (Amber Powder) is the primary formula. Tianma Wan (Gastrodia Pill) is an essential medicine, composed of Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma), Bombyx Batryticatus (Chantui), Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Borax (Pengsha), Tianshu Huang (Tianzhuhuang), Arisaema Cum Bile (Dan Zhi Nanning), Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix Praeparata (Baifuzi), Piae Corium Colla (Pi), Realgar (Xionghuang), and Gold Leaf (Jinbo). These are processed into pills the size of a chicken head using refined honey, coated with gold leaf. Each dose consists of one pill, dissolved and taken with mint decoction. It treats persistent cough in infants under one hundred days old, surpassing other medicines in efficacy.
[Zeng] Infants within one hundred days who occasionally suffer from cough with phlegm obstruction and restlessness during sleep also contract this due to wind invasion after birth. However, dispersing agents should not be overused. First, administer Jiebiao San (Jiebiao Powder) (see previous section) for one or two doses, followed by Beimu Tang (Fritillaria Decoction) and Xingxing San (Xingxing Powder).
[Xue] For those with internal heat in the spleen and stomach, Baolong Wan (Baolong Pill) (indicated for fright) is used. For those with external wind pathogen invasion, Xingxing San (Xingxing Powder) (indicated for initial fever of smallpox) is used. Once the phlegm-heat is cleared, if coarse breathing and abundant phlegm or drooling persist, this indicates deficiency of Qi in the Spleen and Lung; Yigong San (Yigong Powder) (indicated for vomiting and diarrhea) with added Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng) is used. For mouth ulcers, hot eyes, and solid stools, Sanhuang Wan (Sanhuang Pill) (indicated for interior heat) is used. For loose stools, Baizhu San (Baizhu Powder) (indicated for thirst) is used. For vomiting, refusal to nurse, fatigue, spontaneous sweating, or spontaneous diarrhea with abdominal distension, this indicates deficiency of Qi in the Spleen and Stomach; Liu Junzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) (indicated for vomiting and diarrhea) with added Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu) is used. For palpitations, fatigue, abundant phlegm, and refusal to nurse, this indicates deficiency of Blood in the Heart and Spleen; Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) (indicated for vomiting and diarrhea) with added Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Xiong), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Gui), and Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (Suanzaoren) is used. Alternatively, if the infant suffers due to the nursing mother consuming pungent spices and rich flavors, refer to the treatments for various asthma and cough syndromes.
Tonifying Lung Powder (also known as Ejiao San) Treats prolonged cough in children, rapid breathing with phlegm, nausea, and asthmatic deficiency. (See previous section)
Tianma San (Gastrodia Powder) Treats cough with phlegm in infants, Qi stagnation, and red face.
Arisaema Cum Bile (Nanning) (Soaked in water: 5 days in spring/autumn, 7 days in winter, 3 days in summer, Ban Liang) Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma) (San Qian) Cinnabar (Chensha) (Yi Qian) Musk (Shexiang) (Yi Zi)
Grind all into powder. Take Yi Zi per dose, mixed with Almond Decoction; Ginseng Decoction is also acceptable.
Tianma Wan (Gastrodia Pill) Treats persistent cough in infants under one hundred days old, named Ru Sou (Infant Cough).
Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma), Bombyx Batryticatus (Chantui), Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) (Each Yi Qian), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong) (Yi Qian Ban), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) (Er Qian), Borax (Pengsha) (Ban Qian), Cinnabar (Chensha), Tianshu Huang (Tianzhuhuang), Arisaema Cum Bile (Niu Dan Nanning) (Each Er Qian), Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix Praeparata (Baifuzi), Piae Corium Colla (Pi), Realgar (Xionghuang) (Each Yi Qian), Gold Leaf (Jinbo) (Wu Pian)
Grind all into powder, process into pills the size of Euphorbia seed (Qianshi) using refined honey, coat with gold leaf. Take one pill per dose, dissolved in Mint Decoction.
Hupo San (Amber Powder) Treats acute and chronic convulsive disorders, flooding of saliva, dizziness and fainting, staring eyes and convulsions, internal hooking abdominal pain, or intermittent fright and epilepsy.
Cinnabar (Chensha) (Yi Qian Ban), Amber (Hupo), Calculus Bovis (Niuhuang), Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan) (Stir-fried, remove silk and mouthparts), Arisaema Cum Bile (Niu Dan Nanning), Scorpio (Quanxie), Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix Praeparata (Baifuzi), Haematitum (Daizheshi), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma), Resina Draconis (Ruxiang), Cicadae Periostracum (Chanqiao) (Each Yi Qian)
Grind all into powder. Take Yi to Er Fen per dose, mixed with plain boiled water.
Beimu Tang (Fritillaria Decoction) Mainly treats cough with phlegm in infants within one hundred days.
Fritillariae Bulbus (Beimu) (Yi Liang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) (Half roasted, half raw, Er Qian)
Cut and roast the above ingredients, grind into powder. Take Yi Zi or Ban Qian per dose, mixed with Chen Mi (aged rice) decoction, taken on an empty stomach. For abundant phlegm, mix with light Ginger Decoction.
Xingxing San (Xingxing Powder) Mainly treats wind-cold and cold damage, cough with phlegm and reverse flow of Qi, regulates deficiency and harmonizes Qi, calms the heart and clears the skin, stops crying and removes irritability, benefits the throat and resolves aphonia.
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) (Remove rhizome, Ban Liang), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng) (Cut, stir-fried), Poria (Baifuling) (Remove peel), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu), Trichosanthis Radix (Tianhuafen) (These four each Yi Liang), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin) (Remove leaves, Er Qian), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng) (Remove rhizome), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Arisaema Cum Bile (Nanning) (Raw use, these three each Er Qian Ban), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) (Half raw, half roasted, Qi Qian)
Cut the above ingredients. Take Er Qian per dose, with one cup of water, two slices of ginger, and three leaves of mint. Simmer slowly over low heat until reduced to seven-tenths. Warm and take at any time.
*Waitai Miaojian · Duanju* treats sudden violent cough in infants from ten to fifty days old, with vomiting of milk and regurgitation, unable to rest day or night.
Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction)
Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng), Asteris Radix (Ziwan) (Each San Fen), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) (Roasted, Yi Fen), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maimendong) (Remove heart, Qi Fen)
Cut the above herbs, boil in one Sheng of water until six Ge remains. Strain. Divide into five doses, continue until cured. *Qianjin Fang* contains Cinnamomi Cortex (Guixin) but no Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng); boil in two Shengs of water until one Sheng remains. Dip cotton wool into the decoction and drip it into the infant's mouth, four to five times day and night, regulating breastfeeding.
[Zhang Huan] Xionghuang Gao (Realgar Ointment) Treats cough in newborns and can be used for children under three years old.
Realgar (Xionghuang) (Yi Qian, finely ground), Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren) (Seven grains, remove skin and tips), Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia) (Seven pieces, soaked overnight in urine of young boys, sliced, dried, ground into powder)
Grind all together evenly. Add Ban Liang of fresh ginger juice and Ban Liang of honey. Place the powder in a jar and simmer over boiling water, stirring with a willow twig until it forms an ointment. Take an amount the size of a soap bean, apply to the nipple for the infant to suck, or mix with Rice Decoction and take orally.
[Zhao Shi] Formula for treating cough in infants under one hundred days old
Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan) (Straight ones)
Grind into fine powder. Apply a small amount to the nipple for the infant to ingest. Immediate effect.