巢氏云∶儿初生，口里白屑满舌上，如鹅之口，故名，由在胎受谷气盛，心脾
热气，熏发于口。治用发缠指头，蘸井花水揩拭之，睡时，黄丹 ，出火气，掺于
舌上。如用前法，其舌上白屑不脱，可煮栗 汁令浓，以绵缠指头拭之，若春夏无
栗，可煮栗木皮，如用井花水法。《简要》用牙硝细研，于舌上掺之，日三五度。
《秘录》用桑白皮汁和胡粉敷之。鸡 黄皮，烧末，水和服。
张涣保命散 治婴儿初生七日内胎毒者，其舌上有白屑如米连舌下，有膜如石榴子
大，令儿语不发，名曰鹅口病。
白矾（烧灰） 朱砂（水飞。各二钱半） 马牙硝（半两）
上各研极细，再同研。每服一字，取白鹅粪，以水搅取汁，调涂舌上、颔颊内。
未用药时，先以手指缠乱发，揩拭舌上垢，然后使药敷之。
茅先生论∶儿喉中壅一块肉瘤闭却，为喉痹。身大热，舌硬不转，为木舌。口
开满口黄如膏，名鹅口。三候皆热甚生风，风壅热毒至，此为实热，先用三解牛黄
散（见实热门）微与通吐恶涎，后用匀气散（见胃气不和门）及用天竺黄散（见重舌门）夹牛黄
膏（见发热门）与服，愈。如喉响似锯，及眼视，面青黑，不奶食，死候。
外证舌强唇青，聚口撮面，面目黄赤，气息喘急，啼声不出，饮乳有妨。若口
出白沫而四肢冷者，不可救疗。其或肚胀青筋，吊肠卵疝，内气引痛，皆肠胃郁结
不通致之，治法贵乎疏利（辰砂膏是也。）初生一腊乃免（七日也）。
《千金》云∶小儿初出腹，骨肉未敛，肌肉犹是血也，血凝，乃坚成肌肉耳，其
血沮败，不成肌肉，则使面目绕鼻口左右悉黄而啼，闭目，聚口，撮面，口中干燥，
四肢不能伸缩者，皆是血脉不敛也，多不育，若有如此者，皆宜与龙胆汤也。
龙胆汤方 治婴孩小儿胎惊，月内气盛发热，脐风撮口壮热。
龙胆草 钓藤 柴胡（去芦） 黄芩（炒） 桔梗（去芦，炒） 赤芍药（炒） 茯苓（去皮）
甘草（炙。各五钱） 蜣螂（二枚，去翅足，炙） 大黄（一分，纸裹煨）
上合研为极细末。用枣去核煎，或加防风去芦、麦门冬去心，以导心热，食前调服。
张涣云∶婴儿胎气挟热，亦因母有邪热传染，或生下洗浴当风，襁褓失度，致
令婴儿啼声不出，乳哺艰难，名曰撮口不开，病七日之内尤甚，急风散主之。
急风散方
蛇蜕皮（微炒） 钓藤 干蝎稍（各一分，捣罗为细末） 朱砂（一分，细研、水飞） 好麝香
真牛黄（各半钱，并研极细）
上件，都拌匀，再研为细末。每服一字，取竹沥一两，点同乳汁、调下。
辰砂僵蚕散 治初生撮口。
辰砂（水飞，半钱） 僵蚕（真的，去丝嘴炒，一钱） 蛇蜕皮（炒，一钱） 麝香（研，半钱）
上为极细末。少许，用蜜调敷唇口。
撮风散 治小儿撮口。
赤脚蜈蚣（半条，炙） 钓藤（二钱半） 朱砂 直僵蚕（焙） 全蝎稍（各一钱） 麝香（一字）
上为末。每服一字，取竹沥调下。竹沥解热极好。
辰砂膏
辰砂（三钱） 硼砂 马牙硝（各一钱五分） 玄明粉（二钱） 全蝎 真珠末（各一钱） 麝香（一字）
上为末，和枣同好单包起，自然成膏。每服一字，或一豆许。治诸惊，用金银
薄荷汤下，潮热、甘草汤下，月内婴儿用乳汁调敷奶上，令吮下。
脐风锁口方
金头蜈蚣（一个） 蝎稍（五个） 直僵蚕（七个） 瞿麦（半钱）
上为末。每一字，吹入鼻中，啼。则可用薄荷汤调下一字，然后服《千金》龙
胆汤、朱银丸。
僵蚕方
直僵蚕（二枚，去嘴，略炒，为末。调敷唇口中。）
甘草方 治小儿撮口，取吐。
甘草（一钱）
上，煎服。令吐出痰涎，即以猪乳点入口中，即瘥。
巢元方说：婴儿刚出生时，口腔内布满白色碎屑在舌面上，形状像鹅的嘴巴，因此得名。这是由于胎儿在母体内受到谷气过盛的影响，导致心脾积热，热气上熏于口所致。治疗时用丝线缠绕手指，蘸取清晨汲取的井水擦拭患处；睡觉时，将经过煅烧以去除火气的黄丹粉末撒在舌上。如果使用前法后，舌上的白屑仍未脱落，可以煮栗子汁使其浓稠，用棉布包裹手指进行擦拭；如果在春夏季节没有栗子，可以煮栗树的树皮，使用方法同井花水。《简要方》使用细研的牙硝，撒在舌上，每天三到五次。《秘录》使用桑白皮的汁液调和胡粉敷贴患处。鸡卵黄皮烧成灰末，用水调服。
张涣的保命散用于治疗婴儿出生后七天内患有胎毒的情况，表现为舌上有如米粒般的白屑延伸至舌下，有一块如石榴籽大小的膜，导致婴儿无法发声，这种病称为鹅口病。
处方组成：白矾（烧成灰）、朱砂（水飞法处理，各二钱半）、马牙硝（半两）。
以上药材分别研磨至极细，再混合均匀研磨。每次服用“一字”量的药粉，取白鹅粪，用水搅拌取汁，调和药粉涂抹于舌上及下巴脸颊内侧。
未用药前，先用手指缠上乱发，揩拭舌上的污垢，然后再让药物敷贴。
茅先生论述：婴儿喉中阻塞一块肉瘤导致闭塞，称为喉痹。身体高热，舌头僵硬不能转动，称为木舌。口张开满口黄色如膏状物，称为鹅口。这三种情况都是因热极生风，风邪壅盛、热毒侵袭所致，属于实热证。应先用三解牛黄散（见实热门）少量给予以通吐恶涎，随后使用匀气散（见胃气不和门）以及天竺黄散（见重舌门）配合牛黄膏（见发热门）一起服用，即可痊愈。如果喉咙发出像拉锯一样的响声，眼睛凝视不动，面色青黑，不吃奶，这是死症。
外部症状表现为舌头强硬、嘴唇发青，口唇收缩、面部肌肉紧缩，面目黄赤，呼吸喘急，啼哭无声，吃奶困难。如果口中流出白沫且四肢冰冷，则不可救治。如果有肚子胀大、腹壁青筋暴露、吊肠或卵疝，内部气息牵引疼痛，这些都是因为肠胃郁结不通所致，治疗方法贵在疏通利导（辰砂膏即是此类）。这种情况通常持续到新生儿满月（七日为一腊）后才能免除。
《千金方》说：小儿刚出生时，骨肉尚未收敛，肌肉组织仍由血液构成，血液凝固后才形成坚实的肌肉。如果血液败坏，不能形成肌肉，就会导致面目及鼻口周围全部发黄并啼哭，闭目，口唇收缩，面部肌肉紧缩，口中干燥，四肢不能伸缩，这些都是血脉不收敛的表现，大多难以存活。如果有上述情况，都适宜服用龙胆汤。
龙胆汤方：治疗婴孩胎惊，满月内气盛发热，脐风撮口壮热。
药材：龙胆草、钓藤、柴胡（去芦头）、黄芩（炒）、桔梗（去芦头，炒）、赤芍药（炒）、茯苓（去皮）、甘草（炙，各五钱）、蜣螂（两只，去翅足，炙）、大黄（一分，用纸包裹煨制）。
以上药材混合研磨为极细末。用大枣去核煎煮，或者加防风（去芦头）、麦门冬（去心），以引导心经之热，饭前调服。
张涣说：婴儿胎气挟带热邪，也常因母亲有邪热传染，或出生后洗浴时受风，襁褓护理不当，导致婴儿啼哭不出，吃奶困难，称为撮口不开。此病在出生后七天内尤为严重，急风散主治此症。
急风散方：
药材：蛇蜕皮（微炒）、钓藤、干蝎梢（各一分，捣罗成细末）、朱砂（一分，细研、水飞）、好麝香、真牛黄（各半钱，均研磨极细）。
以上药材拌匀，再研磨成细末。每次服用“一字”量，取竹沥一两，点入乳汁中调匀后喂服。
辰砂僵蚕散：治疗初生儿撮口。
药材：辰砂（水飞，半钱）、僵蚕（真品，去丝嘴炒，一钱）、蛇蜕皮（炒，一钱）、麝香（研，半钱）。
以上制成极细末。取少许，用蜂蜜调匀敷于唇口。
撮风散：治疗小儿撮口。
药材：赤脚蜈蚣（半条，炙）、钓藤（二钱半）、朱砂、直僵蚕（焙）、全蝎梢（各一钱）、麝香（一字）。
以上制成粉末。每次服用“一字”量，取竹沥调服。竹沥清热效果极佳。
辰砂膏：
药材：辰砂（三钱）、硼砂、马牙硝（各一钱五分）、玄明粉（二钱）、全蝎、真珠末（各一钱）、麝香（一字）。
以上制成粉末，与大枣一同用好的单纸包裹，自然形成膏状。每次服用“一字”或一粒豆大小。治疗各种惊风，用金银花薄荷汤送服；潮热者，用甘草汤送服；满月内的婴儿，用乳汁调敷在乳头处，令婴儿吮吸。
脐风锁口方：
药材：金头蜈蚣（一个）、蝎梢（五个）、直僵蚕（七个）、瞿麦（半钱）。
以上制成粉末。每次取“一字”量吹入鼻中，使婴儿啼哭。然后可用薄荷汤调服“一字”，随后服用《千金方》中的龙胆汤、朱银丸。
Chao Yuanfang stated: When a newborn infant is first born, the oral cavity is covered with white flakes on the tongue, resembling the mouth of a goose, hence the name. This is caused by excessive grain qi in the womb, leading to heat accumulation in the Heart and Spleen, which steams upward to the mouth. Treatment involves wrapping silk thread around the finger, dipping it in well water drawn at dawn (Jinghua Shui), and wiping the affected area. At bedtime, calcined Minium (Huangdan) powder, processed to remove fire toxicity, should be sprinkled on the tongue. If the white flakes on the tongue do not detach after using the previous method, boil chestnut juice until thick, wrap cotton around the finger, and wipe. If chestnuts are unavailable in spring or summer, boil chestnut tree bark, using the same method as for well water. The *Jianyao Fang* uses finely ground Natrii Sulfas (Yaxiao), sprinkled on the tongue three to five times daily. The *Milu* prescribes applying juice from Morus Albae Cortex (Sangbaipi) mixed with Lead White (Hufen). Burned chicken eggshell membrane powder can be taken with water.
Zhang Huan's Baoming San treats infants within seven days of birth suffering from fetal toxin, characterized by white flakes like rice grains on the tongue extending under the tongue, with a membrane the size of a pomegranate seed, causing inability to vocalize. This condition is called Goose Mouth Disease.
Ingredients: Calcined Alum (Bai Fan, burnt to ash), Cinnabar (Zhusha, levigated with water, each 2.5 qian), Natrii Sulfas (Mayaxiao, 0.5 liang).
Grind each ingredient separately to an extremely fine powder, then mix and grind together. Take one "yi zi" dose per administration. Extract juice from white goose feces by stirring in water, mix with the medicine, and apply to the tongue and inner cheeks/jaw.
Before applying medication, first wipe the debris off the tongue using a finger wrapped in loose hair, then apply the medicine.
Master Mao discussed: A lump obstructing the infant's throat causing blockage is called Throat Bi (Hou Bi). High fever with a stiff, immobile tongue is called Wooden Tongue (Mu She). An open mouth filled with yellow substance like paste is called Goose Mouth (E Kou). All three conditions result from extreme heat generating wind, with wind obstruction and heat-toxin invasion, constituting an Excess-Heat syndrome. Initially, use Sanjie Niuhuang San (see Heat Syndrome section) in small amounts to induce vomiting of foul saliva. Subsequently, use Yunqi San (see Stomach Qi Disharmony section) along with Tianzhu Huang San (see Double Tongue section) combined with Niuhuang Gao (see Fever section) for administration, leading to recovery. If the throat makes a sawing sound, eyes stare fixedly, complexion is dark blue/black, and the infant refuses milk, these are signs of impending death.
External symptoms include a stiff tongue, cyanotic lips, puckered mouth, and contracted facial features, yellow-red complexion, rapid breathing, absence of crying sounds, and difficulty nursing. If white foam issues from the mouth accompanied by cold limbs, the condition is incurable. Abdominal distension with visible abdominal veins, intestinal torsion, or hernia, and internal pain due to qi traction are all caused by stagnation and obstruction in the intestines and stomach. The treatment principle emphasizes unblocking and purging (Chensha Gao is an example of this). This state typically persists until the infant completes one lunar fortnight (seven days) before resolving.
The *Qianjin Fang* states: Upon birth, an infant's flesh and bones are not yet consolidated; muscle tissue is initially formed from blood, which coagulates to form solid muscle. If the blood deteriorates and fails to form muscle, it causes yellowing of the face, eyes, and areas around the nose and mouth, accompanied by crying, closed eyes, puckered mouth, contracted face, dry mouth, and inability to extend or flex the limbs. These are all signs of failure of blood vessels to consolidate, often resulting in non-viability. In such cases, Longdan Tang is indicated.
Longdan Tang Formula: Treats infantile fetal fright, excess qi and fever within the first month, umbilical wind with puckered mouth and high fever.
Ingredients: Gentiana Scabra Radix (Longdan Cao), Uncaria Rhynchophylla (Diaoteng), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, radix removed), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, stir-fried), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, radix removed, stir-fried), Paeoniae Rubra Radix (Chishaoyao, stir-fried), Poria (Fuling, peel removed), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, honey-fried, each 5 qian), Dung Beetle (Dianlang, two pieces, wings and feet removed, roasted), Rheum Palmatum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 1 fen, wrapped in paper and baked).
Grind all ingredients into an extremely fine powder. Decoct pitted dates, or add Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, radix removed) and Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, heart removed) to guide Heart heat. Administer before meals.
Zhang Huan stated: Infantile qi carrying heat may also result from maternal pathogenic heat transmission, exposure to wind during bathing after birth, or improper swaddling, causing inability to cry and difficulty nursing. This is called Puckered Mouth Opening Obstruction (Cuokou Bukai). The condition is most severe within seven days of birth and is treated with Jifeng San.
Jifeng San Formula:
Ingredients: Serpent Slough (Shetuopi, slightly stir-fried), Uncaria Rhynchophylla (Diaoteng), Dry Scorpio (Ganxie Shao, each 1 fen, pounded and sifted), Cinnabar (Zhusha, 1 fen, finely ground and levigated), Moschus (Shexiang, good quality), Real Calculus Bovis (Niuhuang, each half qian, both ground extremely fine).
Mix all ingredients thoroughly and grind into a fine powder. Take one "yi zi" dose per administration. Mix with one liang of Bamboo Juice (Zhuli) and breast milk, then administer.
Chensha Jiangcan San: Treats initial puckered mouth in newborns.
Ingredients: Cinnabar (Zhusha, levigated, half qian), Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan, authentic, silkworm skin and head removed, stir-fried, 1 qian), Serpent Slough (Shetuopi, stir-fried, 1 qian), Moschus (Shexiang, ground, half qian).
Grind into an extremely fine powder. Apply a small amount mixed with honey to the lips and mouth.
Cuo Feng San: Treats infantile puckered mouth.
Ingredients: Polyporus with Red Feet (Chi Jiao Wugong, half strip, roasted), Uncaria Rhynchophylla (Diaoteng, 2.5 qian), Cinnabar (Zhusha), Straight Silkworm (Zhi Jiangcan, baked), Full Scorpio (Quan Xie Shao, each 1 qian), Moschus (Shexiang, one yi zi).
Grind into powder. Take one "yi zi" dose per administration, mixed with Bamboo Juice (Zhuli). Bamboo Juice is excellent for clearing heat.
Chensha Gao:
Ingredients: Cinnabar (Zhusha, 3 qian), Borax (Pengsha), Natrii Sulfas (Mayaxiao, each 1.5 qian), Mirabilite (Xuanmingfen, 2 qian), Full Scorpio (Quanxie), Pearl Powder (Zhenzhu Mo, each 1 qian), Moschus (Shexiang, one yi zi).
Grind into powder. Wrap with dates in good single-layer paper to naturally form a paste. Take one "yi zi" or a bean-sized amount per dose. For various types of fright, administer with Honeysuckle and Mint Decoction. For tidal fever, administer with Licorice Decoction. For infants within the first month, mix with breast milk, apply to the nipple, and let the infant suckle.
Umbilical Wind Locking Mouth Formula:
Ingredients: Golden-headed Centipede (Jintou Wugong, one piece), Scorpio tips (Xie Shao, five pieces), Straight Silkworm (Zhi Jiangcan, seven pieces), Dianthus Superbus Herba (Qumai, half qian).
Grind into powder. Blow one "yi zi" dose into the nostrils to induce crying. Then, administer one "yi zi" dose mixed with Mint Decoction, followed by Longdan Tang and Zhuyin Wan from the *Qianjin Fang*.
Jiangcan Formula:
Ingredients: Straight Silkworm (Zhi Jiangcan, two pieces, heads removed, slightly stir-fried, ground). Mix and apply to the lips and inside of the mouth.
Gancao Formula: Treats infantile puckered mouth, aiming to induce vomiting.
Ingredients: Licorice Root (Gancao, 1 qian).
Decoct and administer. Allow the infant to vomit phlegm and saliva, then drip pig milk into the mouth for cure.