柴胡 人参 黄芩 当归身 川芎 生地黄 白芍药 地骨皮 知母 麦门冬 淡竹叶
上锉细。水一盏，煎七分，去滓温服，不拘时。
疹后热不除，忽作搐者，不可与急惊风同论，用导赤散（心）加人参、麦门冬、送服安神丸（痘谵妄），小便
清者可治，短少者不可治。
凡疹后牙龈黑烂，肉腐血出，臭息冲人者，曰走马疳，马鸣散主之（痘余毒）。若面颊浮肿，环口青黑，颊漏齿脱，
唇崩鼻坏者，死证也。如唇口多疮，其声嗄哑者，曰狐惑，以化 丸主之（痘余毒）。更烦躁昏闷失声者，死证也。
文蛤散 麻毒入胃，牙肉黑烂出血，走马疳证。
雄黄（五钱） 五倍子（二钱） 枯矾（五分） 蚕蜕纸（烧、存性，一钱）
上细末。米泔水洗净，以药搽之。
雄黄散 治同上。
雄黄（一钱） 黄柏（二钱） 麝香（一分）
先用艾汤净洗，后搽药。
疹退之后，微微咳嗽者，此余毒未尽也，泻白散合消毒散主之。若咳甚气喘，连声不住，甚至饮食汤水俱呛出者，
此热毒乘肺而然也，宜门冬清肺汤加枇杷叶，见血，加茅根汁、阿胶珠主之。但见胸高如龟壳，肩耸而喘，
血退场门鼻，摆手摇头，面色或青或赤或白而枯者，皆不可治也。
门冬清肺汤
天门冬（去心） 麦门冬（去心） 知母 贝母 桔梗 款冬花 甘草 牛蒡子 杏仁（去
皮尖，研） 马兜苓 桑白皮 地骨皮（各等分）
上锉细。水一盏，煎七分，去滓，食后温服。
疹出之时，曾作泄利，未经清解。至疹退之后，变为休息痢，不问赤白里急后重，日夜无度，此余毒在大肠也，
以黄芩汤送下香连丸。虚者、加人参。滑者、加椿根白皮。俱于丸药内加之，勿入煎药。
疹子既收，其毒不解，邪火拂郁，浑身发热，昼夜不退，发枯肤瘁，渐成疳瘵，
以清热除疳丸主之。若不早治，以致睡则扬睛，口鼻气冷，手足厥逆，微微螈 ，变为慢风，不救者多矣。
清热除疳丸
黄连 当归（各二钱） 龙胆草 青皮 陈皮 芦荟（各一钱五分） 川芎 干蟾头（烧，各一钱）
使君子（一钱二分）
共为末。神曲糊为丸。米汤下。
如浑身壮热，未至羸瘦，但多搐掣，烦躁不宁。此热在心脾二经也，以当归养
血汤、黄连安神丸、间而服之。
当归养血汤
当归 川芎 生地黄 麦门冬（去心） 木通 甘草 淡竹叶 山栀仁 灯心
便秘，少加大黄。
黄连安神丸
黄连 当归 龙胆草（各二钱） 石菖蒲 茯神（各一钱五分） 全蝎（七个）
共为细末，汤浸蒸饼杵猪心血丸，朱砂为衣。灯草汤下。
几见疹子收完之后，出入动止如常，忽然心腹绞痛而死者，还是元气虚弱，曾受疫疠之气，外虽无病，里
实亏损，所以一发而死也，谓之中恶。间有用人参汤研苏合香丸而苏者。
【禁忌】疹家禁忌，比痘家禁忌尤甚，若误食鸡鱼，则终身但遇天行之时，又令重出也。盐醋食之，令咳
不止。五辛食之，令生惊热。所以通禁，必待四十九日之后，方无禁也。大热未退，不可与食，与伤寒同。
一发之时，既表之后，切戒
风寒、冷水、瓜果之类，如一犯之，则皮毛闭塞，毒瓦斯难泄，遂变紫黑而死矣。如极渴欲水，只宜少与葱白，以
滋其渴耳。必须使皮窍中常微汗润泽可也。又忌梅、桃、鱼、蜂蜜、香鲜之物，恐惹疳虫上行。
柴胡、人参、黄芩、当归身、川芎、生地黄、白芍药、地骨皮、知母、麦门冬、淡竹叶。
以上药材切碎细末。用水一盏，煎至七分，滤去药渣，温服，不拘泥于固定时间。
麻疹消退后发热不退，突然发生抽搐的，不能与急惊风（急性惊厥病症）同等看待，应使用导赤散（清心利尿方剂）加入人参、麦门冬，并送服安神丸（用于痘疹引起的谵妄），若小便清澈者可治，若小便短少者则不可治。
凡是麻疹后退牙龈发黑腐烂，肌肉腐败出血，口臭冲人的，称为走马疳（一种迅速恶化的口腔坏疽），用马鸣散主治（治疗痘疹余毒）。如果面颊浮肿，口周青黑，脸颊溃漏牙齿脱落，嘴唇崩裂鼻子坏死，属于死证。如果唇口多处生疮，声音嘶哑的，称为狐惑（一种以口腔及生殖器溃疡为特征的疾病），以化 丸主治（治疗痘疹余毒）。如果出现烦躁昏闷、失声的情况，也属于死证。
文蛤散：麻毒侵入胃腑，牙肉黑烂出血，即走马疳证候。
雄黄（五钱）、五倍子（二钱）、枯矾（五分）、蚕蜕纸（烧存性，一钱）。
以上研成细末。用米泔水洗净患处，将药物搽涂其上。
雄黄散：治疗方法同上。
雄黄（一钱）、黄柏（二钱）、麝香（一分）。
先用艾叶汤洗净，然后搽药。
麻疹消退之后，仅有轻微咳嗽的，这是余毒未尽的表现，用泻白散合消毒散主治。如果咳嗽剧烈气喘，连续不断，甚至饮食汤水都呛出来的，这是热毒乘袭肺脏所致，宜用门冬清肺汤加枇杷叶；若见咳血，加茅根汁、阿胶珠主治。只要见到胸部高耸如龟壳，耸肩喘息，退热后肛门或鼻孔出血，摆手摇头，面色或青或赤或白且干枯的，都属于不可治疗的病证。
门冬清肺汤
天门冬（去心）、麦门冬（去心）、知母、贝母、桔梗、款冬花、甘草、牛蒡子、杏仁（去皮尖，研磨）、马兜铃、桑白皮、地骨皮（各等分）。
以上切碎细末。用水一盏，煎至七分，滤去药渣，饭后温服。
出疹期间曾发生腹泻痢疾，未经过清热解表处理。到皮疹消退后，转变为休息痢（慢性间歇性痢疾），无论大便赤白、里急后重，日夜无度，这是余毒在大肠，用黄芩汤送下香连丸。体质虚弱者，加人参。滑泄者，加椿根白皮。均加入丸药中，不要放入煎药内。
麻疹既已收没，但毒邪未解，邪火拂郁，浑身发热，昼夜不退，毛发干枯皮肤憔悴，逐渐形成疳瘵（小儿慢性消耗性疾病），
用清热除疳丸主治。如果不尽早治疗，导致睡眠时眼睛睁大，口鼻气息寒冷，手足厥冷，微微抽搐，转变为慢惊风（慢性惊厥），大多无法救治。
清热除疳丸
黄连、当归（各二钱）、龙胆草、青皮、陈皮、芦荟（各一钱五分）、川芎、干蟾头（烧制，各一钱）、使君子（一钱二分）。
共研为细末。用神曲糊制作成丸剂。米汤送服。
如果浑身壮热，尚未达到消瘦程度，但频繁抽搐，烦躁不安。这是热邪在心脾二经，用当归养血汤、黄连安神丸，交替服用。
当归养血汤
当归、川芎、生地黄、麦门冬（去心）、木通、甘草、淡竹叶、山栀仁、灯心草。
便秘者，少量加大黄。
黄连安神丸
黄连、当归、龙胆草（各二钱）、石菖蒲、茯神（各一钱五分）、全蝎（七个）。
共研为细末，用汤浸蒸饼捣碎，拌入猪心血制成丸剂，朱砂为衣。灯心草汤送服。
常见麻疹收没之后，出入行动如常，突然心腹绞痛而死亡的，这是因为元气虚弱，曾受疫疠之气侵袭，外表虽无病状，体内实则亏损严重，所以一发即死，称为中恶（突发性危重症）。间有用人参汤研开苏合香丸而苏醒的案例。
【禁忌】麻疹患者的禁忌，比痘疹患者的禁忌更为严格。如果误食鸡肉鱼肉，则终身每当遇到天行疫病之时，又会令病情复发。食用盐醋，会导致咳嗽不止。食用五辛（葱、蒜、韭、薤、兴渠等辛辣刺激性食物），会导致产生惊热。因此必须全面禁止，必须等到四十九日之后，才没有禁忌。大热未退时，不可进食（油腻厚味），这与伤寒病的禁忌相同。在发病初期，经过发汗解表之后，切忌接触风寒、冷水、瓜果之类食物，一旦触犯，则皮毛闭塞，毒瓦斯难以宣泄，遂变为紫黑色而死。如果极度口渴想喝水，只宜少量给予葱白，以滋润其口渴即可。必须使皮肤毛孔常有微汗润泽才可以。又忌食梅子、桃子、鱼、蜂蜜、香气鲜美的食物，恐怕招惹疳虫上行。
Bupleurum Radix (Chaihu), Ginseng Radix (Renshen), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui Shen), Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Rehmanniae Radix (Shengdihuang), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao), Cortex Lycii (Digupi), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maimendong), Lophatheri Herba (Danzhuyeqian).
The above herbs are finely chopped. Decoct with one cup of water until reduced to seventy percent, strain the dregs, and take warm at any time without restriction.
If fever persists after the eruption of measles and sudden convulsions occur, it should not be discussed as acute wind-stroke (Ji Jing Feng, acute convulsive disorder). Use Daochi San (Clear Heart Powder) added with Ginseng Radix (Renshen) and Ophiopogonis Radix (Maimendong), administered together with Anshen Wan (calming spirit pill for measles delirium). If urine is clear, it is treatable; if urine is scanty, it is untreatable.
Whenever the gums turn black and rot after measles, with flesh decay and bleeding, and foul breath assaulting people, this is called "Running Horse Gangrene" (Zou Ma Gan, a rapidly progressing oral gangrene), treated by Ma Ming San (for residual toxins from smallpox/measles). If the cheeks are swollen, the area around the mouth is cyanotic and black, the cheeks leak and teeth fall out, lips collapse, and the nose is destroyed, it is a death syndrome. If there are many sores on the lips and mouth, accompanied by hoarseness, it is called Hu Huo (a condition characterized by oral and genital ulcers), treated by Hua Wan (for residual toxins from smallpox/measles). If accompanied by restlessness, confusion, loss of voice, it is also a death syndrome.
Wenge San: For measles toxin entering the stomach, causing blackening and rotting of gum tissue with bleeding, presenting as Running Horse Gangrene.
Realgar (Xionghuang, 5 qian), Chinese Gall (Wubeizi, 2 qian), Calcined Alum (Kufan, 5 fen), Silkworm Molt Paper (Can Tui Zhi, burnt to retain properties, 1 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Clean the affected area with rice wash water, then apply the medicine topically.
Xionghuang San: Treatment same as above.
Realgar (Xionghuang, 1 qian), Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai, 2 qian), Moschus (Shexiang, 1 fen).
First clean with mugwort decoction, then apply the medicine.
After the measles rash recedes, slight coughing indicates that residual toxins have not yet cleared. Treat with Xiebai San combined with Xiaodu San. If coughing is severe with wheezing, continuous and unceasing, even causing choking on food and fluids, this is due to heat-toxin attacking the lungs. Use Mendong Qingfei Tang added with Loquat Leaf (Pipaye); if blood appears, add Sedge Rhizome Juice (Maogen Zhi) and Fried Donkey-hide Gelatin (E'jiao Zhu). If the chest protrudes like a turtle shell, shoulders heave while breathing, bleeding occurs from the anus or nostrils after fever subsides, hands wave and head shakes, and the complexion is either cyanotic, red, or pale and withered, all are untreatable.
Mendong Qingfei Tang
Asparagus Fern Root (Tianmendong, dehearted), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maimendong, dehearted), Anemarrhena Rhizome (Zhimu), Fritillaria Bulb (Beimu), Platycodon Root (Jiegeng), Coltsfoot Flower (Kuandonghua), Licorice Root (Gancao), Burdock Fruit (Niubangzi), Apricot Seed (Xingren, peeled and tip removed, ground), Aristolochia Root (Madouling), Mulberry Root Bark (Sangbaipi), Lycium Bark (Digupi) (all in equal parts).
Finely chop. Decoct with one cup of water until reduced to seventy percent, strain, and take warm after meals.
During the eruption phase, if diarrhea or dysentery occurred and was not cleared with heat-resolving methods, after the rash recedes, it transforms into intermittent dysentery (Xiuxi Li). Regardless of whether stools are red or white, with tenesmus, occurring day and night without limit, this indicates residual toxins in the large intestine. Administer Xianglian Wan delivered by Huangqin Tang. For deficiency cases, add Ginseng Radix (Renshen). For slippery/diarrheal cases, add Toona Bark (Chungen Baipi). Add these to the pill mixture, do not put them in the decoction.
Once the measles rash has retracted but the toxin remains unresolved, with evil fire stagnating, causing whole-body fever unrelenting day and night, dry hair, emaciated skin, gradually forming Gan Zhai (pediatric chronic consumption disease), treat with Qingre Chu Gan Wan. If not treated early, leading to eyes opening during sleep, cold breath from mouth and nose, cold extremities, and slight twitching, transforming into slow wind (Man Feng, chronic convulsion), most will not survive.
Qingre Chu Gan Wan
Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian), Angelica Sinensis Radix (Danggui) (each 2 qian), Gentian Root (Longdancao), Green Tangerine Peel (Qingpi), Aged Tangerine Peel (Chenpi), Aloe (Luhui) (each 1.5 qian), Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Dried Toad Head (Ganchan Tou, burnt) (each 1 qian), Quinine Fruit (Shijunzi, 1.2 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Make pills using Medicated Leaven paste (Shenqu hu). Take with rice soup.
If there is high fever throughout the body, not yet emaciated, but frequent convulsions and restlessness, this indicates heat in the Heart and Spleen meridians. Administer Dangyang Yangxue Tang and Huanglian Anshen Wan alternately.
Dangyang Yangxue Tang
Angelica Sinensis Radix (Danggui), Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shengdihuang), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maimendong, dehearted), Akebia Stem (Mutong), Licorice Root (Gancao), Lophatherum Herb (Danzhuyeqian), Gardenia Fruit (Shanzhiren), Juncus Effusus (Dengxin).
For constipation, add a small amount of Rhubarb (Dahuang).
Huanglian Anshen Wan
Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian), Angelica Sinensis Radix (Danggui), Gentian Root (Longdancao) (each 2 qian), Acorus Rhizome (Shichangpu), Poria (Fushen) (each 1.5 qian), Full-body Scorpion (Quanxie, 7 pieces).
Grind into fine powder. Soak steamed bread dough in water, pound with pig heart blood to make pills, coat with Cinnabar (Zhusha). Take with Juncus tea.
It is often seen that after the measles rash has fully retracted, with normal activity and movement, sudden death from severe abdominal pain occurs. This is because the primordial qi is weak, having been affected by epidemic pathogenic factors. Although there are no external symptoms, the interior is severely deficient, leading to immediate death upon onset, termed Zhong E (sudden critical illness). Occasionally, patients may revive using Renshen Tang mixed with Suhexiang Wan.
[Contraindications] The contraindications for measles patients are stricter than those for smallpox patients. If chicken or fish is mistakenly consumed, every time an epidemic occurs in later years, the disease will recur. Consumption of salt and vinegar causes incessant coughing. Consumption of Five Pungent Spices (Wuxin) causes惊热 (convulsive fever). Therefore, all such foods must be strictly prohibited until forty-nine days have passed, after which restrictions are lifted. When high fever has not subsided, food should not be given, similar to contraindications in Cold Damage (Shanghan). After the initial stage and following diaphoresis, one must strictly avoid wind-cold, cold water, melons, fruits, etc. Violation leads to closure of pores and difficulty in expelling toxins, resulting in purple-black discoloration and death. If extremely thirsty and desiring water, only give scallion white (Congbai) in small amounts to moisten thirst. It is essential to maintain slight perspiration and moisture through the skin pores. Also avoid plums, peaches, fish, honey, and aromatic fresh foods, lest they provoke upward movement of gan worms.