属心实。经云∶夏脉者心也，夏脉太过，则病身热肤痛，为浸淫。运气皮肤痛，
皆属火邪伤肺。经云∶少阴在泉，热淫所胜，病寒热皮肤痛。又云∶少阳司天，火淫所胜，热上皮肤
痛。又云∶少阴之复，咳，皮肤痛。治以诸寒是也。针灸皮肤痛取肺。经云∶邪在肺则病皮肤痛，寒
热，上气喘，汗出，咳动肩背，取之膺中外 ，背三节五椎之傍，以手疾按之快然，乃刺之。取之缺
盆中，以越之是也。（升麻汤）。
即仲景所谓皮肤甲错，盖皮肤涩而不滑泽者是也。三阳为病发寒热，其传为索泽。王注云∶索、
尽也，精血枯涸，故皮肤润泽之气皆尽也。运气皮肤索泽，属燥伤胆气。经云∶阳明在泉，燥淫所胜，
病体无膏泽，治以苦寒是也。仲景云∶五劳虚极羸瘦，腹满不能饮食，食伤、忧伤、饮伤、房室伤、
饥伤、劳伤、经络荣卫气伤，内有干血，肌肤甲错，两目黯黑，缓中补虚，大黄 虫丸主之。咳有微
热，烦满，胸中甲错，是为肺痈，苇茎汤主之。尺肤粗如枯鱼之鳞者，水 饮也。针灸皮肤索泽，取
足少阳。经云∶足少阳之脉，是动则病体无膏泽，视盛、虚、热、寒、陷下取之也。
《内经》云∶肾者主蛰，封脏之本，精之处也。其华在发。肾之合骨也，其荣发也。多食甘则骨
痛而发落。（王注云∶甘益脾，胜于肾，肾不胜故骨痛而发落）。女子一七岁肾气实，齿更发长；五
七阳明脉衰，面始焦，发始堕。丈夫八岁肾气实，发长齿更；五八肾气衰，发堕齿槁。《巢氏病源》
云∶足少阳胆之经，其荣在须。足少阴肾之经，其华在发。冲任之脉，为十二经之海，谓之血海，其
别络上唇口。若血盛则荣于头发，故须发美。若血气衰弱，经脉虚竭，不能荣润，故须发脱落。帝曰∶
妇人无须者，无气血乎？岐伯曰∶冲脉、任脉皆起于胞中，上循胸里，为经络之海。其浮而外者，循
腹上行，会于咽喉，别络唇口。今妇人之生，有余于气，不足于血，以其数脱血也。（女人月月而经
通，故曰数脱血）。冲任之脉不荣口唇，故须不生焉。又曰∶人有伤于阴，阴气绝而不起，阴不用，
然其须不去，宦者独去，其故何也？岐伯曰∶宦者去其宗筋，伤其冲脉，血泻不复，皮肤内结，唇口
不荣，故须不生。有人未尝有所伤，不
脱于血，其须不生何也？曰∶此天之所不足也，禀冲任不盛，宗筋不成，有气无血，唇口不荣，故须
不生。髭须黄赤者，多热多气，白者少血少气，黑色者多血少气。美眉者太阳多血，通髯极须者少阳
多血，美须者阳明多血，此其时然也。
属于心经实证。《内经》说：夏季的脉象对应心脏，如果夏季脉象太过，就会引起身体发热、皮肤疼痛，这种病症称为“浸淫疮”。五运六气导致的皮肤疼痛，都属于火邪损伤肺脏。《内经》说：少阴君火在泉，热气过盛，会导致寒热往来和皮肤疼痛。又说：少阳相火司天，火气过盛，热气上蒸导致皮肤疼痛。又说：少阴之气复返（报复性发作），会出现咳嗽、皮肤疼痛。治疗应当使用各种寒凉药物。针灸治疗皮肤疼痛应选取肺经穴位。《内经》说：邪气在肺，就会导致皮肤疼痛、恶寒发热、气逆喘促、出汗、咳嗽牵引肩背疼痛，治疗应取胸膺部外侧和背部第三椎节第五椎节旁的穴位，用手快速按压该处患者感到舒适爽快时，再进行针刺。或者取缺盆穴中间，以宣散邪气，这就是治疗方法。（可用升麻汤）。
这就是张仲景所说的“皮肤甲错”，即皮肤干燥粗糙而不光滑润泽的情况。三阳经发病会引发寒热症状，病情传变后会导致毛发枯焦脱落。王冰注解说：“索”意为尽，精血枯竭干涸，所以皮肤润泽之气全部耗尽。五运六气中皮肤干枯无泽，属于燥邪损伤胆气。《内经》说：阳明燥金在泉，燥气过盛，会导致身体没有膏脂光泽，治疗应用苦寒药物。张仲景说：五种劳损导致极度虚弱消瘦，腹部胀满不能饮食，这是由食伤、忧思伤、饮伤、房劳伤、饥饿伤、劳累伤，导致经络营卫之气受损，体内有干血停滞，肌肤出现甲错，两眼暗黑，治疗应缓中补虚，用大黄䗪虫丸主治。咳嗽伴有轻微发热、烦闷胀满，胸部皮肤甲错，这是肺痈病，用苇茎汤主治。尺肤粗糙像枯鱼鳞片一样的，是水饮内停之证。针灸治疗皮肤干枯无泽，应取足少阳胆经穴位。《内经》说：足少阳胆经发生病变，会导致身体没有膏脂光泽，应根据经脉的盛、虚、热、寒、下陷等情况进行选取治疗。
《内经》说：肾主蛰伏封藏，是脏腑的根本，也是精气汇聚之处。其荣华表现在头发。肾与骨相合，其荣华也表现在头发。多吃甘味食物会导致骨头疼痛和头发脱落。（王冰注解说：甘味益脾，但胜过肾的功能，肾不胜受则导致骨痛发落）。女子七岁时肾气充实，牙齿更换，头发生长；三十五岁（五七）阳明脉衰退，面部开始憔悴，头发开始脱落。男子八岁时肾气充实，头发生长，牙齿更换；四十岁（五八）肾气衰退，头发脱落，牙齿枯槁。《巢氏病源》说：足少阳胆经，其荣华表现在胡须。足少阴肾经，其荣华表现在头发。冲脉和任脉，是十二经脉的海，称为血海，它们的别络上行至口唇。如果血液旺盛，就能滋养头发，所以胡须头发美观。如果气血衰弱，经脉空虚枯竭，不能滋养润泽，所以胡须头发脱落。黄帝问：妇女没有胡须，是因为没有气血吗？岐伯回答：冲脉和任脉都起于胞宫，向上沿胸部内侧行走，成为经络之海。其中浮行于体表的分支，沿腹部上行，会合于咽喉，别出的络脉联系口唇。现在女性天生，气有余而血不足，因为经常失血（女人每月月经来潮，所以叫经常失血）。冲任二脉不能滋养口唇，所以胡须不生。又说：有人阴器受伤，阴气断绝而不能勃起，性功能丧失，但是胡须并不脱落，只有宦官胡须才脱落，这是什么原因呢？岐伯说：宦官割去了宗筋，损伤了冲脉，血液泻出不能恢复，皮肤内部结滞，口唇得不到滋养，所以胡须不生。有人未曾受伤，也没有失血，为什么胡须不生呢？回答说：这是先天禀赋不足，冲任二脉不旺盛，宗筋不成形，只有气没有血，口唇得不到滋养，所以胡须不生。胡须黄红色的，多属热证和气盛；白色的，属血少气少；黑色的，属血多气少。眉毛美观的人，太阳经血多；胡须浓密连鬓的人，少阳经血多；下巴胡须美观的人，阳明经血多，这都是由于时辰（年龄阶段）不同所致。
It belongs to Heart Excess. The Classics state: "The summer pulse corresponds to the Heart. If the summer pulse is excessive, it causes disease with body heat and skin pain, known as 'Jinyin' (weeping sores/eczema)." Skin pain caused by Five Movements and Six Qi also belongs to Fire Evil injuring the Lung. The Classics state: "When Shaoyin is in the Earthly Position, if Heat is excessively prevalent, diseases include alternating chills and fever and skin pain." It further states: "When Shaoyang governs the Heavenly Position, if Fire is excessively prevalent, heat rises causing skin pain." It also states: "When there is a rebound of Shaoyin, cough and skin pain occur." Treatment should employ various cold-natured herbs. For acupuncture treatment of skin pain, select Lung meridian points. The Classics state: "When pathogenic factors are in the Lung, they cause skin pain, chills and fever, upward rushing of qi and asthma, sweating, and cough that pulls on the shoulders and back. Treatment involves selecting points at the outer side of the chest (Yingzhongwai) and beside the fifth vertebra at the third spinal segment. Press firmly with the hand until the patient feels relief, then needle. Alternatively, select the center of the Quepen (ST12) point to disperse the pathogen." This is the method. (Shengma Tang / Cimicifugae Rhizoma Decoction may be used).
This refers to what Zhang Zhongjing called "Skin Jiacuo" (crab-skin-like scaling), meaning the skin is rough and lacks smoothness and luster. Diseases of the Three Yang meridians initiate with chills and fever; if transmitted, they become "Suozhe" (hair loss and dryness). Wang Bing's commentary notes: "Suo" means exhaustion. When essence and blood are dried up, the moistening qi of the skin is completely exhausted. Skin dryness due to Five Movements and Six Qi belongs to Dryness Evil injuring Gallbladder Qi. The Classics state: "When Yangming is in the Earthly Position, if Dryness is excessively prevalent, the disease manifests as the body lacking oil and luster. Treatment employs bitter-cold herbs." Zhang Zhongjing stated: "Severe emaciation due to the five types of labor, abdominal fullness, inability to eat—caused by dietary injury, emotional injury, fluid retention injury, sexual excess injury, starvation injury, and overwork injury—which damage the collaterals, Ying, Wei, and Qi. Internal dry blood remains, causing crab-skin scaling of the skin and dark eyes. Treatment should soothe the middle and tonify deficiency, primarily using Dahuang Zhechong Wan / Rhubarb and Ground Beetle Pill." Cough with slight fever, irritability, and fullness, along with crab-skin scaling in the chest, indicates Fei Yong (Lung Abscess), treated primarily with Weijing Tang / Eclipta Decoction. Rough skin on the chi region resembling dead fish scales indicates Water-Fluid Retention. For acupuncture treatment of dry skin, select Foot-Shaoyang meridian points. The Classics state: "When the Foot-Shaoyang meridian is disturbed, it causes the body to lack oil and luster. Treatment depends on observing whether the pulse is full, deficient, hot, cold, or sunken."
The Neijing states: "The Kidney governs hibernation and sealing/storing; it is the root of the zang organs and the residence of essence. Its brilliance manifests in the hair. The Kidney harmonizes with the bones, and its flourishing aspect is the hair. Consuming too much sweet flavor causes bone pain and hair loss." (Wang Bing commented: Sweet flavor benefits the Spleen but overwhelms the Kidney; when the Kidney cannot withstand it, bone pain and hair loss occur.) Females at age seven have substantial Kidney Qi, leading to tooth replacement and hair growth; at age thirty-five (five sevens), the Yangming meridian declines, the face begins to wither, and hair starts to fall. Males at age eight have substantial Kidney Qi, leading to hair growth and tooth replacement; at age forty (five eights), Kidney Qi declines, hair falls, and teeth become brittle. The Chao Shi Bing Yuan states: "The Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder meridian has its brilliance in the beard. The Foot-Shaoyin Kidney meridian has its brilliance in the hair. The Chong and Ren meridians are the seas of the twelve meridians, called the Sea of Blood. Their collateral branches ascend to the lips and mouth. If blood is abundant, it nourishes the hair, resulting in beautiful beard and hair. If Qi and blood are weak, and meridians are empty and exhausted, unable to nourish and moisten, the beard and hair fall out." The Emperor asked: "Do women without beards lack Qi and Blood?" Qibo answered: "The Chong and Ren meridians both originate from the Baozhong (uterus), ascend through the chest interior, and serve as the sea of the meridians. The floating exterior branches ascend along the abdomen, meet at the throat, and branch to connect with the lips and mouth. Women are naturally abundant in Qi but deficient in Blood because they frequently lose blood (menstruation occurs monthly, hence 'frequent blood loss'). Since the Chong and Ren meridians do not nourish the lips and mouth, beards do not grow." He further said: "If someone injures their Yin, the Yin Qi is cut off and cannot rise, and sexual function is lost, yet the beard does not fall off. Why do only eunuchs lose their beards?" Qibo answered: "Eunuchs have their Zongjin (genitals/tendons) removed, damaging the Chong meridian. Blood is drained and does not recover, internal skin binding occurs, and the lips and mouth are not nourished, so beards do not grow." Someone who has not been injured nor lost blood, why do they not grow beards? The answer is: This is a congenital insufficiency. The Chong and Ren meridians are not vigorous, the Zongjin does not form properly, there is Qi but no Blood, the lips and mouth are not nourished, so beards do not grow. Beards that are yellow-red indicate much Heat and abundant Qi; white ones indicate deficient Blood and Qi; black ones indicate abundant Blood and deficient Qi. Those with beautiful eyebrows have abundant Blood in the Taiyang meridian; those with thick sideburns and full beards have abundant Blood in the Shaoyang meridian; those with beautiful chin beards have abundant Blood in the Yangming meridian. This is determined by their age/stage.