\r瓜蒂\pd521.bmp\r
味苦，寒，有毒。主大水，身面、四肢浮肿，下水，杀蛊毒，咳逆上气，及食诸
果病在胸腹中，皆吐下之。去鼻中息肉，疗黄胆。
花 主心痛，咳逆。生嵩高平泽。七月七日采，阴干。
陶隐居云∶瓜蒂，多用早青蒂，此云七月采，便是甜瓜蒂也。人亦有用熟瓜蒂者，取吐
乃无
异，此只于论其蒂所主尔。今瓜例皆冷利，早青者尤甚。熟瓜乃有数种，除瓤食之不害人，
若觉多，即入水自渍便即消。永嘉有寒瓜甚大，今每取藏经年食之。亦有再熟瓜，又有越瓜
，人作菹食之，亦冷，并非药用尔。今注甜瓜有青、白二种，入药当用青瓜蒂。前条白瓜子
，唐注云甘瓜子，入腹内结聚，破溃脓血，最为肠胃脾内壅要药，正是此甜瓜子之功。前条
便以白瓜子为甘瓜子，非也。臣禹锡等谨按药性论
云∶瓜蒂，使。茎主鼻中息肉， 鼻。和小豆、丁香吹鼻，治黄。日华子云∶无毒。治脑塞
，热 ，眼昏，吐痰。
图经曰∶瓜蒂，即甜瓜蒂也。生嵩高平泽，今处处有之，亦园圃所莳。旧说瓜有青、白
二种
，入药当用青瓜蒂，七月采，阴干。方∶书所用，多入吹鼻及吐膈散中。茎亦主鼻中息肉，
鼻等。叶主无发，捣汁涂之即生。花主心痛，咳逆。肉主烦渴，除热，多食则动痼疾。又有
越
瓜黄色，亦谓之黄瓜，别无功用，食之亦不益人，故可略之。
雷公凡使，勿用白瓜蒂，要采取青绿色瓜，待瓜气足，其瓜蒂自然落在蔓茎上。采得未
用时
，使榔榔叶裹，于东墙有风处，挂令吹干用。瓜子，凡使，勿用瓜子实，恐误。采得后，便
于日中暴令内外干，便杵，用马尾筛筛过，成粉末了用。其药不出油，其效力短。若要出油
，生杵作膏，用三重纸裹，用重物覆压之，取无油用。食疗瓜蒂，主身面、四肢浮肿，杀蛊
，去鼻中息肉，阴黄黄胆及暴急黄。取瓜蒂、丁香各七枚，小豆七粒，为末，吹黑豆许于鼻
中，少时黄水出，瘥。其子，热。补中，宜人。瓜有毒。止渴，益气，除烦热，利小便，通
三焦壅塞气。多食令人阴下湿痒，生疮。动宿冷病。症癖人不可食之。若食之饱胀，入水自
消。多食令人 虚弱，脚手无力。叶生捣汁生发。又，补中，打损折，碾末酒服去瘀血，
治小儿疳。《龙鱼河图》云∶瓜有两鼻者杀人；沉水者杀人；食多腹胀，可食盐，花成水。
圣惠方∶治时气，三日处忽觉心满坚硬，脚手心热，变黄，不治杀人。以瓜蒂七枚杵末，
如大豆许吹两鼻中，令黄水出，残末水调服之，得吐黄水一、二升，瘥。又方∶治鼻中息肉。
少许，敷息肉上，日三。经验方∶治遍身如金色。瓜蒂四十九个，须
四十九个，用甘锅子烧烟尽
为度，细研为末。小儿用半字，吹鼻内及揩牙
治大人、小儿久患风痫，缠
喉风， 嗽，遍
身风疹，急中涎潮等。此药不大吐逆，只出涎水。小儿服一字，瓜蒂不限多少，细碾为末，
壮年
半字，早晨井花水下。一食顷，含沙糖一块。良久涎如水出，年深涎
尽，有一块如涎布，水上如鉴矣。涎尽食粥一、两日。如吐多困甚，即咽麝香汤一盏，即止
矣。麝细研，温水调下。昔天平尚书觉昏眩，即服之取涎，有效。伤寒类要∶治急黄，心上
坚硬，渴欲得水吃，气息喘粗，眼黄。但有一候相当，则以瓜蒂二小合，熬赤小豆二合，为
末
一炊久当吐，不吐再服五分匕，亦减之。若吹鼻中，两、三黑
豆许，黄水出歇。又方∶治黄胆，目黄不除。瓜丁散∶瓜丁细末，如大豆许纳鼻中。令病患
衍义曰∶瓜蒂，此即甜瓜蒂也。去瓜皮，用蒂，约半寸许，曝极干，不限多少，为细末。
量
疾，每用一、二钱匕，腻粉一钱匕，以水半协议调匀，灌之，治风涎暴作，气塞倒卧。服之，
用诸药行化不下，但如此服，涎即出。或服药良久涎未出，含沙
糖一块，下咽即涎出。此物甚不损人，全胜石碌、 砂辈。
瓜蒂
味苦，性寒，有毒。主治全身水肿、面部及四肢浮肿，能利水消肿，杀灭蛊毒，治疗咳嗽气逆上冲，以及因食用各种水果导致病邪滞留胸腹的情况，均通过催吐或泻下法治疗。去除鼻中息肉，治疗黄疸。
花：主治心痛，咳嗽气逆。生长在嵩山和平原沼泽地带。七月七日采收，阴干。
陶隐居说：瓜蒂，多用未成熟的青色瓜蒂，这里说七月采收，就是甜瓜蒂。人们也有使用成熟瓜蒂的，取用后效果没有差异，这只是讨论瓜蒂所主治的功效。现在的瓜类大多性质寒冷且通利，未成熟的青色瓜蒂尤其如此。成熟的瓜有好几种，除了瓜瓤食用不伤人，如果觉得吃多了不适，就用水浸泡即可消除。永嘉有一种寒瓜非常大，现在每年取出储藏起来，陈年食用。也有再次成熟的瓜，还有越瓜，人们做成腌菜食用，性质也寒冷，都不是药用部分。现在注释说甜瓜有青、白两种，入药应当使用青瓜蒂。前一条提到的白瓜子，唐代注解说为甘瓜子，进入腹内结聚，破溃脓血，是调理肠胃脾脏壅滞的要药，这正是甜瓜子的功效。前条直接将白瓜子当作甘瓜子，是不对的。臣禹锡等人谨按《药性论》记载：瓜蒂，为使药。茎主治鼻中息肉，通鼻窍。与小豆、丁香一起吹入鼻腔，治疗黄疸。日华子说：无毒。治疗脑塞，热症，眼昏，吐痰。
《图经本草》说：瓜蒂，就是甜瓜蒂。生长在嵩山和平原沼泽地带，现在到处都有，也是园圃中种植的。旧说瓜有青、白两种，入药当用青瓜蒂，七月采收，阴干。方书所用，多用于吹鼻及吐膈散中。茎也主治鼻中息肉，通鼻窍等。叶主治不生头发，捣汁涂抹即生发。花主治心痛，咳嗽气逆。肉主治烦渴，除热，多吃则诱发陈旧疾病。又有越瓜黄色，也称为黄瓜，没有其他功用，食用也不益人，所以可以忽略。
雷公凡使（炮制规范）：不要使用白瓜蒂，要采取青绿色的瓜，待瓜气充足，其瓜蒂自然落在蔓茎上。采得后未使用时，用榔榔叶包裹，挂在东墙有风处，吹干使用。瓜子，凡使，不要使用完整的瓜子实，恐怕误用。采得后，便在太阳下暴晒令内外干燥，然后捣碎，用马尾筛筛过，成为粉末使用。如果不出油，药效短浅。若要出油，生捣成膏，用三重纸包裹，用重物覆盖压榨，取出无油的部分使用。食疗方面，瓜蒂主治身体面部、四肢浮肿，杀蛊毒，去鼻中息肉，阴黄黄疸及暴急黄。取瓜蒂、丁香各七枚，小豆七粒，研为末，吹如黑豆许大小于鼻中，少时黄水流出，病愈。其子，性热。补中气，适宜于人。瓜有毒。止渴，益气，除烦热，利小便，通三焦壅塞之气。多吃令人阴部湿痒，生疮。诱发宿冷病。症癖患者不可食用。若食之饱胀，入水自消。多吃令人虚弱，手脚无力。叶生捣汁可生发。又，补中气，打损折，碾末酒服去瘀血，治疗小儿疳积。《龙鱼河图》说：瓜有两个鼻孔的杀人；沉水的杀人；吃多腹胀，可食盐，花化成水。
圣惠方：治疗时气，三日左右忽然觉得心满坚硬，手脚心热，变黄，不治会杀人。以瓜蒂七枚研末，如大豆许吹入两鼻中，令黄水流出，剩余粉末用水调服，吐出黄水一、二升，病愈。又一方：治疗鼻中息肉。少许，敷在息肉上，每日三次。经验方：治疗遍身如金色。瓜蒂四十九个，须四十九个，用甘锅子烧至烟尽为度，细研为末。小儿用半字，吹入鼻内及揩牙。治疗大人、小儿久患风痫，缠喉风，咳嗽，遍身风疹，急中涎潮等。此药不大吐逆，只出涎水。小儿服一字，瓜蒂不限多少，细碾为末，壮年半字，早晨井花水下。一食顷，含沙糖一块。良久涎如水出，年深涎尽，有一块如涎布，水上如鉴矣。涎尽食粥一、两日。如吐多困甚，即咽麝香汤一盏，即止矣。麝细研，温水调下。昔天平尚书觉昏眩，即服之取涎，有效。伤寒类要：治疗急黄，心上坚硬，渴欲得水吃，气息喘粗，眼黄。但有一候相当，则以瓜蒂二小合，熬赤小豆二合，为末，一炊久当吐，不吐再服五分匕，亦减之。若吹鼻中，两、三黑 豆许，黄水出歇。又方：治黄胆，目黄不除。瓜丁散：瓜丁细末，如大豆许纳鼻中。令病患
衍义曰：瓜蒂，此即甜瓜蒂也。去瓜皮，用蒂，约半寸许，曝极干，不限多少，为细末。量疾，每用一、二钱匕，腻粉一钱匕，以水半协议调匀，灌之，治风涎暴作，气塞倒卧。服之，用诸药行化不下，但如此服，涎即出。或服药良久涎未出，含沙 糖一块，下咽即涎出。此物甚不损人，全胜石碌、 砂辈。
Cucumis melo Peduncle (Gua Di)
Bitter, cold, toxic. Mainly treats massive edema, swelling of the body, face, and limbs; promotes urination to drain water; kills gu poison; treats cough with rebellious qi ascending; and conditions where disease pathogens are trapped in the chest and abdomen due to eating various fruits, all treated by inducing vomiting or purging. Removes nasal polyps; treats jaundice.
Flower: Treats heart pain, cough with rebellious qi. Grows in Songgao plains and marshes. Harvested on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, dried in the shade.
Tao Hongjing states: For Cucumis melo Peduncle, unripe green peduncles are mostly used. The text mentions harvesting in the seventh month, which refers to the sweet melon peduncle. Some people also use ripe melon peduncles; the effect after inducing vomiting is no different. This merely discusses the therapeutic indications of the peduncle itself. Generally, melons have a cold and purgative nature, with unripe green ones being even more so. Ripe melons come in several varieties. Except for the flesh, which is safe to eat, if one feels discomfort from overeating, soaking it in water will dissipate the effect. In Yongjia, there is a large "cold melon" stored annually for consumption over years. There are also re-ripening melons and Yue melons, which people pickle; these are also cold in nature but not used medicinally. Current annotations state that sweet melons have green and white varieties; for medicinal use, the green melon peduncle should be used. The previous entry mentioned White Melon Seeds (Baigua Zi). Tang's annotation calls them Sweet Melon Seeds (Gan Guazi), which enter the abdomen, resolve accumulations, break down pus and blood, and are essential herbs for treating gastrointestinal and spleen stagnation. This corresponds to the efficacy of sweet melon seeds. Equating White Melon Seeds directly with Sweet Melon Seeds in the previous entry is incorrect. Chen Yuxi et al., according to *Yao Xing Lun*, state: Cucumis melo Peduncle serves as an envoy herb. The stem treats nasal polyps and clears the nose. Combined with Adzuki Beans (Xiaodou) and Cloves (Dingxiang) blown into the nose, it treats jaundice. Ri Huazi states: Non-toxic. Treats brain congestion, heat syndromes, blurred vision, and expectoration.
*Tu Jing Ben Cao* states: Cucumis melo Peduncle is indeed the sweet melon peduncle. It grows in Songgao plains and marshes and is now found everywhere, also cultivated in gardens. Old texts say melons have green and white varieties; for medicine, the green melon peduncle is used, harvested in the seventh month and dried in the shade. Formulas often use it in nasal insufflation powders and formulas to induce vomiting from the diaphragm. The stem also treats nasal polyps and clears the nose. Leaves treat alopecia; crushed juice applied promotes hair growth. Flowers treat heart pain and cough with rebellious qi. Flesh treats irritability and thirst, clears heat, but excessive consumption triggers chronic diseases. There is also a yellow Yue melon, also called cucumber, with no other functions, and eating it offers no benefit, so it can be omitted.
Lei Gong's processing instructions: Do not use white melon peduncles. Select green melons and wait until the peduncle naturally detaches from the vine when the melon is fully mature. Before use, wrap the harvested peduncles in *Langlang* leaves and hang them in a breezy spot on the east wall to dry. For melon seeds, do not use whole seeds to avoid confusion. After harvesting, sun-dry thoroughly until both inside and out are dry, then pound and sieve through a horsehair sieve to obtain powder. If oil is not extracted, the efficacy is short-lived. To extract oil, pound fresh into a paste, wrap in triple-layered paper, and press under heavy weights to remove the oil. For dietary therapy, Cucumis melo Peduncle treats edema of the body, face, and limbs, kills gu poison, removes nasal polyps, and treats yin jaundice and acute severe jaundice. Take seven peduncles and cloves, and seven adzuki beans, grind into powder, and insufflate an amount the size of a black bean into the nose. Yellow fluid will discharge shortly, and the condition resolves. The seed is hot in nature. It tonifies the middle and is suitable for humans. Melon is toxic. It stops thirst, benefits qi, clears irritant heat, promotes urination, and unblocks stagnant qi in the Triple Burner. Excessive consumption causes dampness and itching in the genital area, leading to sores. It aggravates latent cold diseases. Patients with phlegm-stagnation masses should not eat it. If bloating occurs after eating, drinking water helps dissipate it. Excessive consumption leads to weakness and powerless limbs. Fresh leaf juice promotes hair growth. Additionally, it tonifies the middle; when ground into powder and taken with wine, it dispels blood stasis and treats pediatric malnutrition (*gan* syndrome). *Long Yu He Tu* states: Melons with two nostrils cause death; those that sink in water cause death; excessive consumption causing abdominal distension can be treated with salt, and flowers turn into water.
*Shenghui Fang*: Treats epidemic febrile diseases. Around the third day, if the patient suddenly feels fullness and hardness in the heart region, heat in the palms and soles, and yellowing of the skin, failure to treat may lead to death. Grind seven Cucumis melo Peduncles into powder. Insufflate an amount the size of a soybean into both nostrils to discharge yellow fluid. Mix the remaining powder with water and ingest. Vomiting one to two sheng of yellow fluid indicates recovery. Another formula: Treats nasal polyps. Apply a small amount to the polyp three times daily. *Jingyan Fang*: Treats generalized golden-yellow discoloration. Take forty-nine Cucumis melo Peduncles and forty-nine mustaches (likely referring to a specific part or herb, contextually ambiguous but kept literal), burn in a clay pot until smoke ceases, grind finely into powder. For children, use half a qian, insufflate into the nose and rub the teeth. Treats adults and children suffering from long-term wind-phlegm epilepsy, strangling throat wind, cough, generalized wind-rashes, and sudden salivary flooding. This drug does not cause severe vomiting but only discharges salivary fluid. Children take one zi; for adults, regardless of the amount of Cucumis melo Peduncle, grind finely into powder. Adults take half a qian, swallowed with well-water in the morning. After about the time it takes to eat one meal, hold a piece of rock sugar in the mouth. Soon, salivary fluid will flow out like water. For chronic cases, continue until all phlegm-saliva is exhausted; a cloth-like mass may float on the water surface like a mirror. Eat congee for one to two days after phlegm-saliva is exhausted. If vomiting is excessive and fatigue is severe, drink a cup of musk soup to stop it. Grind musk finely, mix with warm water, and swallow. Formerly, the Minister of Tianping suffered from dizziness and took this to discharge phlegm-saliva with good effect. *Shanghan Leiyao*: Treats acute jaundice characterized by hardness in the epigastrium, thirst for water, coarse breathing, and yellow eyes. If symptoms match, take two small he of Cucumis melo Peduncle and two he of roasted adzuki beans, grind into powder. After the time it takes to cook a meal, vomiting should occur. If not, take another five fen bi; symptoms will also subside. If insufflated into the nose, an amount of two or three black beans will discharge yellow fluid. Another formula: Treats jaundice with persistent yellow eyes. *Guding San*: Fine powder of Cucumis melo Peduncle, amount the size of a soybean, inserted into the nose. Let the patient...
*Yanyi* states: Cucumis melo Peduncle is indeed the sweet melon peduncle. Remove the melon skin, use the peduncle, approximately half cun in length, sun-dry until extremely dry, in any quantity, and grind into fine powder. Measure according to the illness. Use one or two qian bi of the powder mixed with one qian bi of calomel (Nifen), blend evenly with half a unit of water, and administer. Treats sudden onset of wind-phlegm, qi obstruction, and collapse. When administered, if other medicines fail to transform and descend, taking this will cause phlegm-saliva to discharge. If phlegm-saliva has not discharged after prolonged medication, hold a piece of rock sugar in the mouth; swallowing it will trigger phlegm-saliva discharge. This substance is very non-damaging to the human body, completely surpassing realgar and orpiment.