味酸，平、无毒。主养肝胆气，明目，疗黄胆，泄痢肠 ，女子带下百病，及疽痔
，恶疮。久服补髓，益气，不饥，延年。生齐区山及海崖。采无时。
别说云∶谨按唐注云∶出苏州余杭山。今不采。而苏州今乃见贡赤、白二种，然入药不
甚
佳
。唯延州山中所出最良。揭两石中取之。延州每以蕃寇围城，苦无水，乃撅地深广三、五丈
，以石脂密固贮水，得经时久不渗漏，宜以此为良。
\r赤石脂\pd17.bmp\r
味甘、酸、辛，大温，无毒。主养心气，明目益精，疗腹痛，泄 ，下痢赤白，小
便利，及痈疽疮痔，女子崩中漏下，产难胞衣不出。久服补髓，好颜色，益智，不饥，轻身
延年。生济南、射阳及泰山之阴。采无时。（恶大黄，畏芫花。）
唐本注云∶此石济南太山不闻出者，今虢州卢氏县、泽州陵川县及慈州吕乡县并有，色
理鲜
腻，宜州诸山亦有。此五石脂中，又有石骨，似骨，如玉坚润，服之力胜钟乳。臣禹锡等谨
按药性论云∶赤石脂，君，恶松脂，补五脏虚乏。
图经曰∶赤石脂，生济南、射阳及泰山之阴。苏恭云∶济南泰山不闻出者，唯虢州卢氏
县、
泽
州陵川县、慈州吕乡县并有，及宜州诸山亦出，今出潞州。以色理鲜腻者为胜。采无时。古
人亦有单服食者。《乳石论》载服赤石脂，发则心痛，饮热酒不解，治之用葱豉绵裹，水煮
饮之。《千金翼》论曰∶治痰饮吐水无时节者，其源以冷冻饮料过度，遂令脾胃气羸，不能消于
饮食，饮食入胃，则皆变成冷水，反吐不停，皆赤石脂散主之。赤石脂一斤，捣筛，服方寸
匕，酒饮自任，稍稍加至三匕。服尽一斤，则终身不吐痰水。又不下痢，补五脏，令人肥健
。有人淡饮，服诸药不效，用此方遂愈。其杂药用者，则张仲景治伤寒下痢不止，便脓血者
，桃花汤主之。其方用赤石脂一斤，一半全用，一半末用，干姜一两，粳米半升，以水七升
煮之，米熟为准，去滓，每饮七合，纳赤石脂末方寸匕服，日三愈。止后服，不尔，尽之。
又
有乌头赤石脂丸，主心痛彻背者。乌头一分，附子二分，并炮，赤石脂、干姜、蜀椒各四分
，五物同杵末，以蜜和丸，大如梧子，先食服一丸，不知，稍增之。
斗门经∶治小儿疳泻。用赤石脂杵罗为末如面，以粥饮调半钱服，立瘥。或以京芎等分
同服
，更妙。
衍义曰∶赤石脂，今四方皆有，以舌试之，粘着者为佳。有人病大肠寒滑，小便精出，
诸热
药
服及一斗二升，未甚效。后有人教服赤石脂、干姜各一两，胡椒半两，同为末，醋糊丸如梧
桐子大，空心及饭前米饮下五、七十丸，终四剂，遂愈。
【青石脂】
味酸，性平，无毒。主要滋养肝胆之气，明目，治疗黄疸、泄泻痢疾及肠澼（肠道病变），女子带下等多种疾病，以及痈疽痔疮和恶疮。长期服用可填补骨髓，益气，消除饥饿感，延年益寿。产于齐区山和海崖。采集没有固定时间。
别录记载说：谨按唐代注解说：出产于苏州余杭的山中。如今已不再采集。而苏州现在进贡赤、白两种石脂，但入药效果并不很好。只有延州山中出产的最为优良。从两块石头中间取出。延州每当被外族敌寇围城时，苦于缺水，于是挖掘地面深广三至五丈，用石脂严密加固以储水，可以经过很长时间而不渗漏，应当以此作为优良的证明。
【赤石脂】
味甘、酸、辛，性大温，无毒。主要滋养心气，明目益精，治疗腹痛、泄泻、下痢赤白（痢疾便脓血）、小便通利，以及痈疽疮痔、女子崩中漏下（非经期大量出血或淋漓不断）、难产胞衣不下。长期服用可填补骨髓，使面色红润，益智，消除饥饿感，轻身延年。产于济南、射阳及泰山的北面。（忌与大黄同用，畏芫花。）
唐本草注解说：这种石脂在济南泰山一带未曾听说有出产，如今虢州卢氏县、泽州陵川县及慈州吕乡县都有出产，色泽纹理鲜艳细腻，宜州各山也有出产。这五种石脂中，还有一种叫“石骨”，形状像骨头，质地如玉般坚硬润泽，服用的补益力量胜过钟乳石。臣禹锡等人谨按《药性论》记载：赤石脂为君药，忌与松脂同用，能补五脏虚乏。
图经本草记载：赤石脂产于济南、射阳及泰山的北面。苏恭说：济南泰山一带未曾听说有出产，只有虢州卢氏县、泽州陵川县、慈州吕乡县都有出产，以及宜州各山也出产，如今出产于潞州。以色泽纹理鲜艳细腻的为上品。采集没有固定时间。古人也有单味服用充饥的。《乳石论》记载服用赤石脂，发作时心痛，喝热酒不能缓解，治疗时用葱豉绵裹，水煮饮用。《千金翼方》论述说：治疗痰饮导致随时吐清水的病症，其根源在于过度饮用冷冻饮料，致使脾胃之气虚弱，不能消化饮食，饮食进入胃中，都变成冷水，反而不停呕吐，都用赤石脂散主治。赤石脂一斤，捣碎筛粉，每次服用一方寸匕，饮酒或饮水任便，逐渐增加至三匕。服完一斤，则终身不再吐痰水。又不会患痢疾，补益五脏，使人肥壮健壮。有人患淡饮病，服用其他药物无效，用此方遂痊愈。其中杂药应用方面，张仲景治疗伤寒下痢不止，大便脓血的，用桃花汤主治。该方用赤石脂一斤，一半整块使用，一半研末使用，干姜一两，粳米半升，用水七升煮它，米熟为标准，去渣滓，每次饮用七合，纳入赤石脂末一方寸匕服用，每日三次见效。止住后停止服用，否则就全部服完。另外还有乌头赤石脂丸，主治心痛放射至背部的症状。乌头一分，附子二分，均炮制，赤石脂、干姜、蜀椒各四分，五味药一同捣成粉末，用蜂蜜和丸，大小如梧桐子，饭前服用一丸，若无反应，稍增加剂量。
斗门经记载：治疗小儿疳积腹泻。用赤石脂杵碎过筛成面粉状，用米汤调服半钱，立刻痊愈。或者与京芎等量同服，效果更好。
衍义记载：赤石脂，如今各地都有，用舌头舔试，粘着舌头的为佳。有人患大肠寒滑证，小便失禁遗精，服用各种热性药共计一斗二升，效果不明显。后来有人教服赤石脂、干姜各一两，胡椒半两，同为粉末，醋糊为丸，大小如梧桐子，空腹及饭前用米汤送服五七十丸，总共四剂，于是痊愈。
[Qingshi Zhi (Blue Earth)]
Taste: Sour. Nature: Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic. It primarily nourishes the Qi of the Liver and Gallbladder, improves vision, treats jaundice, diarrhea and dysentery, intestinal disorders (changpi), leukorrhea and various diseases in women, as well as carbuncles, hemorrhoids, and malignant sores. Long-term consumption can replenish marrow, benefit Qi, suppress hunger, and prolong life. It grows in Qiqu Mountain and sea cliffs. Collection time is unrestricted.
Bie Lu records: According to Tang annotations, it originates from mountains in Yuhang, Suzhou. It is no longer collected there. Currently, Suzhou offers tribute of both Red and White varieties, but they are not very suitable for medicinal use. The best quality comes from mountains in Yanzhou. It is extracted between two stones. In Yanzhou, whenever the city was besieged by foreign invaders and suffered from water shortages, people dug pits three to five zhang deep and wide, lining them with earth plaster to store water. The water could be stored for a long time without leaking, which serves as proof of its superior quality.
[Chishi Zhi (Red Earth)]
Taste: Sweet, Sour, Pungent. Nature: Greatly Warm. Toxicity: Non-toxic. It primarily nourishes Heart Qi, improves vision and essence, treats abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody and purulent dysentery, promotes urination, and addresses carbuncles, sores, hemorrhoids, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis (abnormal uterine bleeding) in women, and difficult labor with retained placenta. Long-term consumption can replenish marrow, improve complexion, enhance intelligence, suppress hunger, lighten the body, and prolong life. It grows in Jinan, Sheyang, and on the north side of Mount Tai. (Incompatible with Rheum palmatum; opposed by Genkwa flos.)
Bencao Tang Zhu notes: This stone is not heard of being produced in the Jinan or Mount Tai areas. Currently, it is found in Lushi County, Guozhou; Lingchuan County, Zezhou; and Lüxiang County, Cizhou. Its color and texture are fresh and fine. It is also found in various mountains of Yizhou. Among these five types of earth plasters, there is one called "Shigu" (Stone Bone), which resembles bone, is hard and lustrous like jade, and its tonic power surpasses that of Concha Ostreae (Oyster Shell) / Zhongru. Ministers Yu Xi et al., according to Yaoxing Lun, state: Chishi Zhi is a Sovereign herb, incompatible with Pinus resin, and tonifies deficiency and exhaustion of the Five Viscera.
Tujing Bencao records: Chishi Zhi grows in Jinan, Sheyang, and on the north side of Mount Tai. Su Gong states: It is not heard of in Jinan or Mount Tai; only Lushi County in Guozhou, Lingchuan County in Zezhou, and Lüxiang County in Cizhou produce it, as well as various mountains in Yizhou. Currently, it is produced in Luzhou. Those with fresh and fine color and texture are superior. Collection time is unrestricted. Ancient people also consumed it alone as food. "Rushi Lun" records that consuming Chishi Zhi may cause heart pain upon reaction, which hot wine cannot relieve. Treatment involves wrapping scallion and fermented soybean in cotton, boiling in water, and drinking. "Qianjin Yi Fang" discusses treating phlegm-fluid retention causing constant vomiting of clear fluid. The root cause is excessive consumption of frozen drinks, weakening Spleen and Stomach Qi, preventing digestion. Food entering the stomach turns into cold water, causing continuous vomiting. This is treated with Chishi Zhi San. One jin of Chishi Zhi is crushed and sifted. Take one cun-bi (square-inch spoonful), with wine or water as desired, gradually increasing to three cun-bis. After finishing one jin, one will never vomit phlegm-fluid again, nor suffer from dysentery. It tonifies the Five Viscera and makes the person robust. Someone with mild fluid retention failed other treatments but recovered with this formula. Regarding miscellaneous applications, Zhang Zhongjing treated exterior syndrome complicated by persistent dysentery with pus and blood using Taohua Tang (Peach Blossom Decoction). The formula uses one jin of Chishi Zhi: half used whole, half powdered; one liang of Ganjiang (Dried Ginger); half sheng of Jingmi (Rice). Boil in seven sheng of water until rice is cooked, strain. Drink seven ge per dose, adding one cun-bi of Chishi Zhi powder. Take three times daily until cured. Stop after symptoms cease; otherwise, consume all. Additionally, Wutou Chishi Zhi Wan (Aconite and Red Earth Pill) treats heart pain radiating to the back. One fen of Wutou (Aconitum carmichaelii radix preparata), two fen of Fuzi (Aconitum carmichaelii radix lateralis preparata), both prepared; four fen each of Chishi Zhi, Ganjiang, and Shujiao (Sichuan pepper). Pound the five substances into powder, mix with honey to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take one pill before meals; if ineffective, increase dosage slightly.
Doumen Jing records: Treats pediatric gan accumulation diarrhea. Crush and sieve Chishi Zhi into flour-like powder. Mix with half qian using rice broth for administration; cure is immediate. Alternatively, administer equally with Jingxiong (Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizoma) for better effect.
Yanyi records: Chishi Zhi is available everywhere today. Test by licking; the variety that adheres to the tongue is superior. A patient suffered from Cold-Slip of the Large Intestine and seminal emission. Various warming herbs totaling one dou two sheng were taken with little effect. Later, advised to take Chishi Zhi and Ganjiang (one liang each) and Hujiao (half liang), powdered and formed into pills with vinegar paste, sized like Sophora japonica seeds. Taken fifty to seventy pills on an empty stomach and before meals with rice broth. After four courses, the condition was cured.