体素虚，脏腑本寒，饮食素少，肠胃虚滑，或产后病后，房室之后，即有热症，亦宜少少用之，宁可不足，不
使有余，或余热未清，即以轻药代之，庶几病去人安；倘清剂过多，则疗热未已，而寒生矣！此清之贵量其人
也。然又有清之不量其症者何也？夫以大热之症，而清剂太微，则病不除，微热之症，而清剂太过，则寒症即
至，但不及犹可再清，太过则将医药矣！大抵清火之药，不可久恃，必归本于滋阴之法；又不能开胃扶脾，以
恢复元气，则参苓 术，亦当酌量而用，非曰清后必补；但元气无亏者，可以不补，元气有亏。必须补之！俟
其饮食渐进，精神爽慧。然后止药可也，此清之责量其症也。总而言之，有外感之火，有内伤之火，外感为
实，内伤为虚，来路不同，治法迥别，宁曰热者寒之，遂足以毕医家之能事也乎？”
清燥养营汤 滋阴润燥法 俞氏经验方 载吴又可《温疫论》
鲜生地（五钱至八钱） 知母（三钱） 归身（一钱） 新会皮（钱半） 生白芍（二钱至三钱）
花粉（三钱） 生甘草（八分） 梨汁（两瓢冲）
【秀按】吴氏谓数下后。两目加涩。舌肉枯干。津不到咽。唇口燥裂。缘其人阳脏多火。重亡津液而阴亏
也。故君以地、芍、归、甘。养营滋液。即臣以知母、花粉。生津润燥。佐以陈皮运气疏中。防清滋诸药碍胃
滞气也。使以梨汁。味甘而鲜。性凉质润。醒胃气以速增津液也。此为滋营养液。润燥清气之良方。
阿胶黄连汤 滋阴清火法 俞氏经验方 从仲景方加味
陈阿胶（钱半烊冲） 生白芍（二钱） 小川连（六分蜜炙） 鲜生地（六钱） 青子芩（一钱）
鸡子黄（一枚）先煎代水。
【秀按】手少阴心主血。中含热气。故《内经》云。少阴之上。热气治之。凡外邪挟火而动者。总属血热。
其症心烦不寐。肌肤枯燥。神气衰弱。咽干溺短。故君以阿胶、生地。滋肾水而凉心血。（阿胶必须真陈、庶不碍
胃、生地用鲜、庶不凝阴。）但少阴只有热气。能温血而不致灼血。若挟肝胆之相火。激动心热。轻则咽干心
烦。欲寐而不能寐。重则上攻咽喉而为咽痛。下奔小肠而便脓血。故臣以白芍配芩连。酸苦泄肝以泻火。而心
热乃平。白芍合生地。酸甘化阴以滋血。而心阴可复。妙在佐鸡子黄色赤入心。正中有孔。能通心气以滋心
阴。此为润泽血枯。分解血热之良方。
阿胶鸡子黄汤 滋阴熄风法 俞氏经验方
陈阿胶（二钱烊冲） 生白芍（三钱） 石决明（五钱杵） 双钩藤（二钱） 大生地（四钱） 清炙草（
六分） 生牡蛎（四钱杵） 络石藤（三钱） 茯神木（四钱） 鸡子黄（二枚） 先煎代水
【秀按】血虚生风者。非真有风也。实因血不养筋。筋脉拘挛。伸缩不能自如。故手足螈 。类似风动。故
名曰内虚暗风。通称肝风。温热病末路多见此症者。以热伤血液故也。方以阿胶，鸡子黄为君。取其血肉有情。
液多质重。以滋血液而熄肝风。臣以芍、草、茯神木。一则酸甘化阴以柔肝。一则以木制木而熄风。然心血虚
者。肝阳必亢。故佐以决明、牡蛎。介类潜阳。筋挛者络亦不舒。故使以钩藤、络石。通络舒筋也。此为养血
滋阴。柔肝熄风之良方。
【廉勘】阿胶鸡子黄二味。昔吾老友赵君晴初。多所发明。试述其说曰。族孙诗卿妇患肝风症。周身筋脉拘
挛。神志不昏。此肝风不直上巅脑而横窜筋脉者。余用阿胶、鸡子黄、生地、制首乌、女贞子、白芍、甘草、
麦冬、茯神、牡蛎、木瓜、钩藤、络石、天仙藤、丝瓜络等。出入为治。八剂愈。病患自述病发时。身体如入
罗网，内外筋脉牵绊拘紧。痛苦异常。服药后辄觉渐松。迨后不时举发。觉面上肌肉蠕动。即手足筋脉抽紧。
疼痛难伸。只用鸡子黄两枚。煎汤代水。溶入阿胶三钱。服下当即痛缓。筋脉放宽。不服他药。旋发旋轻。两
月后竟不复发。盖二味血肉有情。质重味浓。大能育阴熄风。增液润筋。故效验若斯。吴鞠通先生曰鸡子黄为
定风珠。立有大定风珠、小定风珠二方。允推卓识。观此一则。足见俞与赵所见略同。宜乎后先辉映也。
坎气潜龙汤 滋阴潜阳法 俞氏经验方
净坎气（一条切寸） 青龙齿（三钱） 珍珠母（六钱杵） 生白芍（三钱） 大生地（四钱） 左
牡蛎（六钱杵） 磁朱丸（四钱包煎） 东白薇（三钱）
先用大熟地八钱。切丝。用开水泡取清汁。代水煎药。
【秀按】肾中真阳寄于命门。为生气之根。真阳如不归根。即发生龙雷之火。命门为精室之门。前通外肾。
后通督脉。与肝肾冲任各有关系。冲隶于肝。任隶于肾。若肾经阴虚。则阳无所附而上越。任阴不足。则冲气
失纳而上冲。故仲景谓阴下竭。阳上厥。欲潜其阳以定厥。必先滋其阴以镇冲。故以坎气二地为君。坎气即初
生脐带。一名命蒂。以其前通神阙。后通命门。最得先天之祖气。二地质重味浓。填精益髓。善滋后天之真
阴。庶几阴平阳秘。龙雷之火。不致上升。况又臣以龙、牡、珠母。滋潜龙雷。佐以磁、朱。交济心肾。阳得
所附。火安其位矣。妙在使以芍、薇。一为敛肝和阴所必要。一为纳冲滋任之要药。君佐合度。臣使咸宜。此
为补肾滋任。镇肝纳冲之良方。然必右脉浮大。左脉细数。舌绛心悸。自汗虚烦。手足躁扰。时时欲厥者。始
为恰合。若肢厥脉细。额汗如珠。宜再加人参、附子、五味等品。急追元阳以收汗。但病势危笃如斯。亦多不
及救矣。
当归四逆汤 滋阴通脉法 俞氏经验 从仲景方加减
全当归（三钱） 桂枝尖（五分） 北细辛（三分蜜炙） 鲜葱白（一枚切寸） 生白芍（三钱）
清炙草（五分） 绛通草（一钱） 陈绍酒（一瓢冲）
【秀按】心主经脉。肝主络脉。而心包主络亦主脉。横通四布。既辅心经之行血。亦助肝络之摄血。若肝不
摄血。心包之血又不四布。则手足厥寒。且不能横通于经脉。则血行于脉中者少。故脉细欲绝。由是推之。肝
与心及心包同病。不独足厥阴肝专受其累也。故以归、芍、荣养血络为君。即臣以桂辛。辛通经脉。使经气通
畅。络气自能四布。尤必佐以绛通、葱、酒者。一取其速通经隧。一取其畅达络脉。使以炙草。辛得甘助而发
力愈速也。此为养血滋阴。活络通脉之良方。如宿病寒疝。小腹痛甚。口吐白沫者。则加吴茱萸以止疝痛。生
姜汁以止吐沫。亦属仲景成法。
复脉汤 滋阴复脉法 俞氏经验 从仲景方加减 一名炙甘草汤
大生地（一两） 真人参（钱半另煎冲） 炒枣仁（二钱） 桂枝尖（五分） 陈阿胶（二钱烊冲） 大
麦冬（五钱） 清炙草（三钱） 陈绍酒（一瓢分冲） 生姜汁（两滴冲） 大红枣（三枚对劈）
【秀按】脉之动虽属心。而迫之使动者则在肺。肺主气。气主呼吸。一呼一吸。谓之一息。以促心血之跃动
而发脉。病而至于心动悸。心主脉而本能动。动而至于悸。乃心筑筑然跳。按其心部动跃震手也。是为血虚。
脉结代者。缓时一止为结。止有定数为代。脉行十余至一止。或七八至及五六至一止。皆有定数。是为血中之
气虚。故重用胶、地、草、枣。大剂补血为君。尤必臣以参、麦之益气增液。以润经隧而复脉。和其气机以去
其结代。然犹恐其脉未必复。结代未必去。又必佐以桂、酒之辛润行血。助参、麦、益无形之气。以扩充有形
之血。使其捷行于脉道。庶几血液充而脉道利。以复其跃动之常。使以姜枣调卫和营。俾营行脉中。以生血之
源。卫行脉外。以导血之流。此为滋阴补血。益气复脉之第一良方。
四物绛复汤 滋阴濡络法 俞氏经验方
细生地（四钱酒洗） 生白芍（钱半酒炒） 真新绛（钱半） 广橘络（一钱） 全当归（二钱酒洗）
川芎（五分蜜炙） 旋复花（三钱包煎） 青葱管（三寸切冲）
【秀按】《内经》云。血主濡之。血虚则脉络郁涩。络涩则血郁化火。每致郁结伤中。脘胁串痛。甚则络松血
溢。色多紫黯。故以生地、归、芍、滋阴养血为君。臣以绛、复、川芎。辛润通络。佐以橘络舒络中之气。使
以葱管通络中之瘀。此为轻清滋阴。辛润活络之良方。痛甚者。加桃仁七粒。蜜炙延胡钱半。活血止痛。挟火
者。加川楝子钱半。丹皮钱半。苦辛泄热。
新加酒沥汤 滋阴调气法 俞氏经验 从张石顽酒沥汤加味
细生地（四钱） 白归身（钱半） 广橘白（八分） 苏薄荷（三分） 生白芍（三钱） 清炙草（六
分） 川柴胡（四分蜜炙） 玫瑰花（三朵冲） 陈绍酒（二匙分冲） 淡竹沥（两瓢与酒和匀同冲）
【秀按】丹溪谓气血调和。则百病不生。气血抑郁。则百病蜂起。路玉谓气郁则液凝为痰。血郁则络瘀作
痛。窃谓气血暴郁。血多虚而气多滞。必先调气。继则活络。最忌辛燥克削。重伤气血。故以归、地、芍、
草、养血柔肝为君。遵肝苦急。急食甘以缓之之经旨。臣以橘白、柴、荷、清芬疏气。以肝喜散。急食辛以散
之也。佐以竹沥绍酒涤痰行血。以肝性刚。宜柔宜疏是也。使以玫瑰花者。色能活血。香能疏气。足为诸药之
先导。此为滋阴养血。调气疏郁之良方。
补阴益气煎 滋阴补气法 俞氏经验方 载景岳《新方八阵》
潞党参（三钱米炒） 淮山药（三钱杵） 新会皮（一钱） 升麻（三分蜜炙） 大熟地（四钱炒松）
白归身（钱半醋炒） 清炙草（五分） 鳖血柴胡（五分）
【秀按】男子便血。妇人血崩。无论去血多少。但见声微气怯。面白神馁。心悸肢软者。气不摄血。血从下
脱也。若用清凉止血方。必致气脱。故以滋补阴气之党参。滋填阴血之熟地为君。景岳称为两仪。本为气血双
补之通用方。臣以薯归滋脾阴而养肝血。归身醋炒。尤得敛血之妙用。佐以升、柴、橘皮、升清气而调胃气。
柴胡用鳖血拌炒。虽升气而不致劫动肝阴。使以甘草和药。缓肝急而和脾阴。此为滋阴养血。血脱益气之良
方。惟党参甘平益气。究嫌力薄。膏粱体宜易吉林大参。补气之功为尤胜。阴虚有火者。加莹白童便。咸平止
血以降阴火。尤有专功。自汗者。加绵 皮二三钱。固表气以收汗。淮小麦三四钱。养心血以敛阴。皆历试辄
验之要法。
加味《金匮》肾气汤 滋阴纳阳法 俞氏经验方 从仲景方加减
大熟地（六钱） 淮山药（三钱杵） 丹皮（钱半醋炒） 淡附片（钱半） 山萸肉（二钱） 浙茯苓（三钱）
泽泻（钱半） 紫瑶桂（五分炼丸吞） 北五味（一钱杵） 莹白童便（一杯分冲）
【秀按】伤寒夹阴。误服升散。及温热多服清凉克伐。以致肾中虚阳上冒。而口鼻失血。气短息促者。其足
必冷。小便必白。大便必或溏、或泻、上虽假热。下显真寒。阳既上越。阴必下虚。宜于滋阴之中。暂假热药
冷服以收纳之。故以六味地黄为君。壮水之主。以镇阳光。臣以桂、附、益火之源。以消阴翳。妙在佐以重用
五味。酸收咸降。引真阳以纳归命门。使以莹白童便。速降阴火以清敛血溢。此为滋补真阴。收纳元阳之良方。
【廉勘】以上十方。俞氏皆以滋阴为君。参合他法以推展之。可谓善用成方。多所化裁者矣。足开后学选药
制方之法门。
四逆汤 回阳破阴法 俞氏经验方 载仲景《伤寒论》
川附子（三钱，炮，去皮脐） 川干姜（三钱炮） 清炙草（二钱）
【秀按】少阴病初起。不头痛身热。即恶寒肢厥。战栗蜷卧。甚则吐泻腹痛。脉沉。或伏。此名直中阴经真
寒症。俗名阴证伤寒。若兼面色青。囊缩舌短者。此名夹阴中寒。证皆危险。故急以附姜破阴救阳为君。佐以
炙草和中。辛得甘助。则有温补之功。甘与辛合。更擅调剂之长。此为破阴回阳。少阴中寒之主方。吐多者。
加生姜汁两匙冲。公丁香一分。泻多者。加炒冬术三钱。煨肉果钱半。舌短囊缩。小腹绞痛者。加盐水炒吴茱
萸一钱。酒炒木瓜钱半。
桂枝加附子汤 回阳摄阴法（轻剂） 俞氏经验方 载仲景《伤寒论》
川桂枝（二钱） 东白芍（三钱） 煨干姜（一钱） 炮附子（三钱） 清炙草（二钱） 大红枣（三枚劈）
【秀按】伤寒发汗过多。汗漏不止。恶风。小便难。四肢微急。此为亡阳之轻证。故以桂、附、辛热回阳为
君。即臣以白芍之酸收摄阴。炙草之甘缓和阳。佐以煨姜。使以大枣。一为调卫以助阳。一为和营以维阴。此
为回阳摄阴。调营护卫之良方。
真武汤 回阳摄阴法（重剂） 俞氏经验方 载仲景《伤寒论》
炮附子（四钱） 生白芍（三钱） 浙茯苓（三钱） 鲜生姜（二钱） 生冬术（二钱）
【秀接】《内经》云。阳气者。精则养神。柔则养筋。若外感证。发汗过多。津液亏少。阳气偏虚。自汗不止。
筋失所养而惕惕跳动。肉失所养而 然蠕动。目眩心悸。振振欲擗地者。此为亡阳之重证。故以附、姜、辛热
体质素来虚弱，脏腑原本虚寒，饮食摄入长期不足，肠胃虚弱滑泄，或者在产后、病后、房事之后，即使出现热症，也应当少量使用清热药，宁可剂量不足，也不要过量；如果余热未清，就用轻清的药物治疗代替，这样才可能病去人安；倘若清热药使用过多，那么治疗热症尚未结束，体内就会生出寒邪！这就是清热贵在根据人体体质斟酌剂量的原因。然而又有不根据症状斟酌清热药的情况，为什么呢？如果是大热之症，而清热药用量太少，则病邪不能去除；微热之症，而清热药用量太大，则寒症就会到来。但剂量不及还可以再次清热，剂量太过则会损伤身体（导致医药难以救治）。大抵清火之药，不可长期依赖，必须回归到滋阴的方法上；如果不能开胃扶脾以恢复元气，那么人参、茯苓、白术等药物，也应当酌情使用，并不是说清热之后一定要补益；但如果元气没有亏损，可以不补，元气有亏损，就必须补益！等到患者饮食逐渐增加，精神清爽聪慧，然后才可以停药，这就是清热贵在根据症状斟酌剂量的原因。总而言之，有外感之火，有内伤之火，外感属于实证，内伤属于虚证，来源不同，治法截然不同，难道仅仅说“热者寒之”，就足以完成医家的能事了吗？”
清燥养营汤 滋阴润燥法 俞氏经验方 载于吴又可《温疫论》
鲜生地（五钱至八钱） 知母（三钱） 归身（一钱） 新会皮（钱半） 生白芍（二钱至三钱）
花粉（三钱） 生甘草（八分） 梨汁（两瓢冲服）
【秀按】吴氏认为经过多次攻下后，两眼干涩，舌体肌肉枯干，津液不到咽喉，嘴唇口腔干燥破裂。这是因为其人阳气偏盛多火，严重耗伤津液而导致阴亏。所以以地黄、白芍、当归、甘草为君药，滋养营血滋润津液；即以知母、花粉为臣药，生津润燥；佐以陈皮调理气机疏通中焦，防止清热滋腻诸药阻碍胃气滞塞气机；使以梨汁，味甘鲜美，性凉质润，唤醒胃气以迅速增加津液。这是滋养营血津液，润燥清气的良方。
阿胶黄连汤 滋阴清火法 俞氏经验方 从仲景方加味
陈阿胶（钱半烊化冲服） 生白芍（二钱） 小川连（六分蜜炙） 鲜生地（六钱） 青子芩（一钱）
鸡子黄（一枚）先煎代水。
【秀按】手少阴心主血，中含热气，所以《内经》说，少阴之上，热气治之。凡是外邪挟带火热而动的，总属于血热。其症状有心烦不寐，肌肤枯燥，神气衰弱，咽干尿短。所以以阿胶、生地为君药，滋补肾水而凉心血。（阿胶必须是真品陈货，以免碍胃；生地用鲜品，以免凝滞阴液。）但是少阴只有热气，能温血而不致灼烧血液，如果挟带肝胆的相火，激动心热，轻则咽干心烦，想睡而不能睡，重则上攻咽喉而为咽痛，下奔小肠而便脓血。所以以白芍配伍芩连为臣药，酸苦泄肝以泻火，而心热乃平。白芍合生地，酸甘化阴以滋血，而心阴可复。妙在佐以鸡子黄色赤入心，正中有孔，能通心气以滋心阴。这是润泽血枯，分解血热的良方。
阿胶鸡子黄汤 滋阴熄风法 俞氏经验方
陈阿胶（二钱烊化冲服） 生白芍（三钱） 石决明（五钱捣碎） 双钩藤（二钱） 大生地（四钱） 清炙草（六分） 生牡蛎（四钱捣碎） 络石藤（三钱） 茯神木（四钱） 鸡子黄（二枚） 先煎代水
【秀按】血虚生风者，并非真有风邪，实在是因为血不养筋，筋脉拘挛，伸缩不能自如，所以手足抽搐，类似风动，故名为内虚暗风，通称肝风。温热病末期多见此症，是因为热伤血液的缘故。方中以阿胶、鸡子黄为君药，取其血肉有情之品，液多质重，以滋血液而熄肝风。臣以芍、草、茯神木，一则酸甘化阴以柔肝，一则以木制木而熄风。然而心血虚者，肝阳必亢，所以佐以决明、牡蛎，介类潜阳。筋挛者络脉也不舒展，所以使以钩藤、络石，通络舒筋。这是养血滋阴，柔肝熄风的良方。
【廉勘】阿胶、鸡子黄这两味药，昔日我的老友赵君晴初多有发明，试述其说法：族孙诗卿的妻子患肝风症，周身筋脉拘挛，神志不昏乱。这是肝风不直上巅脑而横窜筋脉。我用阿胶、鸡子黄、生地、制首乌、女贞子、白芍、甘草、麦冬、茯神、牡蛎、木瓜、钩藤、络石、天仙藤、丝瓜络等，出入加减治疗。八剂痊愈。病患自述发病时，身体如同陷入罗网，内外筋脉牵绊拘紧，痛苦异常。服药后辄觉得渐渐放松。后来不时发作，觉得面上肌肉蠕动，即手足筋脉抽紧，疼痛难伸。只用鸡子黄两枚，煎汤代水，溶入阿胶三钱，服下当即痛缓，筋脉放宽，不服其他药，发作随即减轻。两个月后竟不复发。大概这两味药血肉有情，质重味浓，大能育阴熄风，增液润筋，所以效验如此。吴鞠通先生说鸡子黄为定风珠，创立有大定风珠、小定风珠二方，确实推许为卓识。看这一则案例，足见俞与赵所见略同，宜乎前后辉映。
坎气潜龙汤 滋阴潜阳法 俞氏经验方
净坎气（一条切寸） 青龙齿（三钱） 珍珠母（六钱捣碎） 生白芍（三钱） 大生地（四钱） 左牡蛎（六钱捣碎） 磁朱丸（四钱包煎） 东白薇（三钱）
先用大熟地八钱，切丝，用开水泡取清汁，代水煎药。
【秀按】肾中真阳寄于命门，为生气之根。真阳如果不归根，就会发生龙雷之火。命门是精室之门，前通外肾，后通督脉，与肝肾冲任各有关系。冲脉隶于肝，任脉隶于肾。如果肾经阴虚，则阳无所附而上越，任阴不足，则冲气失纳而上冲。所以仲景说阴下竭，阳上厥，想要潜降其阳以定厥逆，必须先滋其阴以镇冲逆。所以以坎气、二地为君药。坎气即初生脐带，一名命蒂，以其前通神阙，后通命门，最得先天之祖气。二质地重味浓，填精益髓，善滋后天之真阴，庶几阴平阳秘，龙雷之火，不致上升。况且又臣以龙骨、牡蛎、珍珠母，滋潜龙雷之火，佐以磁石、朱砂，交济心肾，阳有所附，火安其位了。妙在使以芍、薇，一为敛肝和阴所必要，一为纳冲滋任之要药。君佐合度，臣使咸宜。这是补肾滋任，镇肝纳冲的良方。然而必须右脉浮大，左脉细数，舌绛心悸，自汗虚烦，手足躁扰，时时欲厥者，始为恰合。如果肢厥脉细，额汗如珠，宜再加人参、附子、五味等品，急追元阳以收汗。但病势危笃如此，也多来不及救治了。
当归四逆汤 滋阴通脉法 俞氏经验 从仲景方加减
全当归（三钱） 桂枝尖（五分） 北细辛（三分蜜炙） 鲜葱白（一枚切寸） 生白芍（三钱）
清炙草（五分） 绛通草（一钱） 陈绍酒（一瓢冲服）
【秀按】心主经脉，肝主络脉，而心包主络亦主脉，横通四布，既辅心经之行血，亦助肝络之摄血。如果肝不摄血，心包之血又不四布，则手足厥寒，且不能横通于经脉，则血行于脉中者少，所以脉细欲绝。由此推之，肝与心及心包同病，不独足厥阴肝专受其累也。所以以归、芍、荣养血络为君药，即以桂辛为臣药，辛通经脉，使经气通畅，络气自能四布。尤其必须佐以绛通、葱、酒，一取其速通经隧，一取其畅达络脉。使以炙草，辛得甘助而发力愈速。这是养血滋阴，活络通脉的良方。如宿病寒疝，小腹痛甚，口吐白沫者，则加吴茱萸以止疝痛，生姜汁以止吐沫，也属仲景成法。
复脉汤 滋阴复脉法 俞氏经验 从仲景方加减 一名炙甘草汤
大生地（一两） 真人参（钱半另煎冲服） 炒枣仁（二钱） 桂枝尖（五分） 陈阿胶（二钱烊化冲服） 大麦冬（五钱） 清炙草（三钱） 陈绍酒（一瓢分冲） 生姜汁（两滴冲服） 大红枣（三枚对劈）
【秀按】脉的跳动虽属心，而迫使其跳动者在肺。肺主气，气主呼吸，一呼一吸，谓之一息，以促心血之跃动而发脉。病而至于心动悸，心主脉而本能动，动而至于悸，乃心筑筑然跳，按其心部动跃震手也。这是为血虚。脉结代者，缓时一止为结，止有定数为代。脉行十余至一止，或七八至及五六至一止，皆有定数，这是为血中之气虚。所以重用胶、地、草、枣，大剂补血为君药。尤其必须臣以参、麦之益气增液，以润经隧而复脉，和其气机以去其结代。然而还恐怕其脉未必复，结代未必去，又必须佐以桂、酒之辛润行血，助参、麦，益无形之气，以扩充有形之血，使其捷行于脉道，庶几血液充而脉道利，以复其跃动之常。使以姜枣调卫和营，俾营行脉中，以生血之源，卫行脉外，以导血之流。这是滋阴补血，益气复脉的第一良方。
四物绛复汤 滋阴濡络法 俞氏经验方
细生地（四钱酒洗） 生白芍（钱半酒炒） 真新绛（钱半） 广橘络（一钱） 全当归（二钱酒洗）
川芎（五分蜜炙） 旋复花（三钱包煎） 青葱管（三寸切冲）
【秀按】《内经》说，血主濡之。血虚则脉络郁涩，络涩则血郁化火，每致郁结伤中，脘胁串痛，甚则络松血溢，色多紫黯。所以以生地、归、芍，滋阴养血为君药。臣以绛、复、川芎，辛润通络。佐以橘络舒络中之气。使以葱管通络中之瘀。这是轻清滋阴，辛润活络的良方。痛甚者，加桃仁七粒，蜜炙延胡索钱半，活血止痛。挟火者，加川楝子钱半，丹皮钱半，苦辛泄热。
新加酒沥汤 滋阴调气法 俞氏经验 从张石顽酒沥汤加味
细生地（四钱） 白归身（钱半） 广橘白（八分） 苏薄荷（三分） 生白芍（三钱） 清炙草（六分） 川柴胡（四分蜜炙） 玫瑰花（三朵冲服） 陈绍酒（二匙分冲） 淡竹沥（两瓢与酒和匀同冲）
【秀按】丹溪说气血调和，则百病不生。气血抑郁，则百病蜂起。路玉说气郁则液凝为痰，血郁则络瘀作痛。我认为气血暴郁，血多虚而气多滞，必先调气，继则活络，最忌辛燥克削，重伤气血。所以以归、地、芍、草，养血柔肝为君药。遵肝苦急，急食甘以缓之的经旨。臣以橘白、柴、荷，清芬疏气，以肝喜散，急食辛以散之也。佐以竹沥绍酒涤痰行血，以肝性刚，宜柔宜疏是也。使以玫瑰花者，色能活血，香能疏气，足为诸药之先导。这是滋阴养血，调气疏郁的良方。
补阴益气煎 滋阴补气法 俞氏经验方 载景岳《新方八阵》
潞党参（三钱米炒） 淮山药（三钱杵） 新会皮（一钱） 升麻（三分蜜炙） 大熟地（四钱炒松）
白归身（钱半醋炒） 清炙草（五分） 鳖血柴胡（五分）
【秀按】男子便血，妇人血崩，无论去血多少，但见声微气怯，面白神馁，心悸肢软者，是气不摄血，血从下脱也。如果用清凉止血方，必致气脱。所以以滋补阴气之党参，滋填阴血之熟地为君药。景岳称为两仪，本为气血双补之通用方。臣以薯归滋脾阴而养肝血，归身醋炒，尤得敛血之妙用。佐以升、柴、橘皮，升清气而调胃气。柴胡用鳖血拌炒，虽升气而不致劫动肝阴。使以甘草和药，缓肝急而和脾阴。这是滋阴养血，血脱益气的良方。惟党参甘平益气，究嫌力薄，膏粱体宜易吉林大参，补气之功为尤胜。阴虚有火者，加莹白童便，咸平止血以降阴火，尤有专功。自汗者，加绵芪皮二三钱，固表气以收汗，淮小麦三四钱，养心血以敛阴，皆历试辄验之要法。
加味《金匮》肾气汤 滋阴纳阳法 俞氏经验方 从仲景方加减
大熟地（六钱） 淮山药（三钱杵） 丹皮（钱半醋炒） 淡附片（钱半） 山萸肉（二钱） 浙茯苓（三钱）
泽泻（钱半） 紫瑶桂（五分炼丸吞） 北五味（一钱杵） 莹白童便（一杯分冲）
【秀按】伤寒夹阴，误服升散，及温热多服清凉克伐，以致肾中虚阳上冒，而口鼻失血，气短息促者，其足必冷，小便必白，大便必或溏、或泻，上虽假热，下显真寒。阳既上越，阴必下虚，宜于滋阴之中，暂假热药冷服以收纳之。所以以六味地黄为君药，壮水之主，以镇阳光。臣以桂、附，益火之源，以消阴翳。妙在佐以重用五味，酸收咸降，引真阳以纳归命门。使以莹白童便，速降阴火以清敛血溢。这是滋补真阴，收纳元阳的良方。
【廉勘】以上十方，俞氏皆以滋阴为君，参合他法以推展之，可谓善用成方，多所化裁者矣。足开后学选药制方之法门。
四逆汤 回阳破阴法 俞氏经验方 载仲景《伤寒论》
川附子（三钱，炮，去皮脐） 川干姜（三钱炮） 清炙草（二钱）
【秀按】少阴病初起，不头痛身热，即恶寒肢厥，战栗蜷卧，甚则吐泻腹痛，脉沉，或伏。此名直中阴经真寒症，俗名阴证伤寒。若兼面色青，囊缩舌短者，此名夹阴中寒，证皆危险。所以急以附姜破阴救阳为君药，佐以炙草和中，辛得甘助，则有温补之功，甘与辛合，更擅调剂之长。这是破阴回阳，少阴中寒的主方。吐多者，加生姜汁两匙冲服，公丁香一分。泻多者，加炒冬术三钱，煨肉果钱半。舌短囊缩，小腹绞痛者，加盐水炒吴茱萸一钱，酒炒木瓜钱半。
桂枝加附子汤 回阳摄阴法（轻剂） 俞氏经验方 载仲景《伤寒论》
川桂枝（二钱） 东白芍（三钱） 煨干姜（一钱） 炮附子（三钱） 清炙草（二钱） 大红枣（三枚劈开）
【秀按】伤寒发汗过多，汗漏不止，恶风，小便难，四肢微急，此为亡阳之轻证。所以以桂、附，辛热回阳为君药，即以白芍之酸收摄阴，炙草之甘缓和阳。佐以煨姜，使以大枣，一为调卫以助阳，一为和营以维阴。这是回阳摄阴，调营护卫的良方。
真武汤 回阳摄阴法（重剂） 俞氏经验方 载仲景《伤寒论》
炮附子（四钱） 生白芍（三钱） 浙茯苓（三钱） 鲜生姜（二钱） 生冬术（二钱）
【接】《内经》说，阳气者，精则养神，柔则养筋。如果外感证，发汗过多，津液亏少，阳气偏虚，自汗不止，筋失所养而惕惕跳动，肉失所养而瞤然蠕动，目眩心悸，振振欲擗地者，此为亡阳之重证。所以以附、姜，辛热
Constitutionally deficient, with originally cold viscera and bowels, long-term insufficient dietary intake, and weak and slippery intestines and stomach; or after childbirth, illness, or sexual intercourse, even if heat syndromes appear, cooling agents should be used in small amounts. It is better to have insufficient dosage than excessive dosage. If residual heat remains unclarified, light-acting drugs should be substituted. Only in this way can the disease be eliminated while the person remains safe. If cooling agents are used excessively, before the heat is cured, cold will arise! This illustrates the importance of weighing cooling therapy according to the patient's constitution. However, why do some not weigh cooling therapy according to the syndrome? For severe heat syndromes, if the dosage of cooling agents is too slight, the pathogen will not be eliminated; for mild heat syndromes, if the dosage of cooling agents is too heavy, cold syndromes will arrive. If the dosage is insufficient, cooling can be repeated; but if it is excessive, medical intervention may become ineffective. Generally speaking, fire-clearing drugs cannot be relied upon for a long time; one must return to the method of nourishing Yin. If one cannot open the appetite and support the spleen to restore Yuan Qi (Original Qi), then herbs such as Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) should also be used judiciously. It is not said that tonification must follow clearing; but if Yuan Qi is not depleted, tonification is unnecessary; if Yuan Qi is depleted, tonification is mandatory! Wait until the patient's diet gradually increases and spirit becomes refreshed and keen, then stop medication. This illustrates the importance of weighing cooling therapy according to the syndrome. In summary, there is Fire from external contraction and Fire from internal injury. External contraction is Excess, while internal injury is Deficiency. Their origins differ, and their treatment methods are completely different. Can it be said that merely stating "treat heat with cold" is sufficient to complete a physician's duties?"
Qingzao Yangying Decoction (Clear Dryness and Nourish Ying Method) Yu's Empirical Formula, recorded in Wu Keyong's *Treatise on Warm Epidemics*
Xian Shengdi (Fresh Rehmanniae Radix, 5 qian to 8 qian) Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 3 qian) Guishen (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 1 qian) Xinhui Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 1.5 qian) Sheng Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 2-3 qian)
Huafen (Trichosanthis Radix, 3 qian) Sheng Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 8 fen) Lizhi (Pear Juice, 2 ladles mixed)
[Commentary by Xiu] Wu stated that after multiple purgations, the eyes become dry and gritty, the tongue muscles wither and dry, fluids do not reach the throat, and lips and mouth crack due to dryness. This is because the person has a Yang constitution prone to fire, leading to severe loss of body fluids and Yin deficiency. Therefore, Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Guishe (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) are used as Sovereign herbs to nourish Ying (Nutritive Level) and replenish fluids. Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) and Huafen (Trichosanthis Radix) are used as Minister herbs to generate fluids and moisten dryness. Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) is used as Assistant to regulate Qi and soothe the middle, preventing the cloying nature of cooling and nourishing herbs from obstructing Stomach Qi. Lizhi (Pear Juice) is used as Envoy; its sweet and fresh taste, cool nature, and moist texture awaken Stomach Qi to rapidly increase fluids. This is an excellent formula for nourishing Ying and fluids, moistening dryness, and clearing heat.
Ejiao Huanglian Decoction (Nourish Yin and Clear Fire Method) Yu's Empirical Formula, modified from Zhang Zhongjing's formulas
Chen Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin, 1.5 qian, melted and taken) Sheng Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 2 qian) Xiao Chuanlian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 6 fen, honey-fried) Xian Shengdi (Fresh Rehmanniae Radix, 6 qian) Qing Zihuangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 1 qian)
Jizihuang (Chicken Egg Yolk, 1 piece), decocted first to replace water.
[Commentary by Xiu] The Hand-Shaoyin Heart governs Blood and contains warm heat. Thus, the *Neijing* states: "Above the Shaoyin, warm heat governs." Whenever external pathogens combine with fire to move, it generally belongs to Blood Heat. Symptoms include vexation, insomnia, dry and rough skin, weakened spirit, dry throat, and short urination. Therefore, Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) and Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix) are used as Sovereign herbs to nourish Kidney Water and cool Heart Blood. (Ejiao must be authentic aged product to avoid obstructing the Stomach; Shengdi should be fresh to avoid congealing Yin.) However, Shaoyin only has warm heat, which warms Blood without scorching it. If it combines with Gallbladder-Liver Minister Fire to agitate Heart Heat, mild cases present with dry throat and vexation, desire to sleep but inability to do so; severe cases attack the throat causing sore throat, or descend to the Small Intestine causing pus and blood in stool. Therefore, Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) paired with Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are used as Minister herbs. Sour and bitter drain Liver to clear fire, calming Heart Heat. Baishao combined with Shengdi generates Yin through sour and sweet, nourishing Blood and restoring Heart Yin. Ingeniously, Jizihuang (Chicken Egg Yolk) is added as Assistant; its red color enters the Heart, and the hole in the center connects Heart Qi to nourish Heart Yin. This is an excellent formula for moistening Blood dryness and resolving Blood heat.
Ejiao Jizihuang Decoction (Nourish Yin and Extinguish Wind Method) Yu's Empirical Formula
Chen Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin, 2 qian, melted and taken) Sheng Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 3 qian) Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis, 5 qian, crushed) Shuang Gouteng (Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis, 2 qian) Da Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix, 4 qian) Qing Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 6 fen) Sheng Muli (Concha Ostreae, 4 qian, crushed) Luoshiteng (Trachelospermi Caulis, 3 qian) Fushenmu (Poria with Hostwood, 4 qian) Jizihuang (Chicken Egg Yolk, 2 pieces), decocted first to replace water.
[Commentary by Xiu] Wind generated from Blood deficiency is not true wind; it is actually due to Blood failing to nourish tendons, causing tendon spasm and inability to extend or flex freely. Thus, convulsions of hands and feet resemble wind movement, hence named Internal Deficiency Hidden Wind, commonly called Liver Wind. This syndrome is common at the end stage of warm diseases because heat damages Blood. The formula uses Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) and Jizihuang (Chicken Egg Yolk) as Sovereign herbs, taking advantage of their animal-derived nature, high fluid content, and heavy quality to nourish Blood and extinguish Liver Wind. Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), and Fushenmu (Poria with Hostwood) are used as Minister herbs: one group generates Yin via sour and sweet to soften Liver; the other controls Wood with Metal/Earth principles to extinguish wind. Since Heart Blood deficiency leads to Liver Yang hyperactivity, Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis) and Muli (Concha Ostreae) are used as Assistants; shell-type herbs anchor Yang. Since spasmed tendons imply unsmooth collaterals, Gouteng (Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis) and Luoshiteng (Trachelospermi Caulis) are used as Envoys to unblock collaterals and relax tendons. This is an excellent formula for nourishing Blood and Yin, softening Liver, and extinguishing wind.
[Commentary by Lian] Regarding Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) and Jizihuang (Chicken Egg Yolk), my old friend Mr. Zhao Qingchu made many discoveries. He described: His clan grandson Shiqing's wife suffered from Liver Wind syndrome with whole-body tendon spasms but clear consciousness. This was Liver Wind not ascending directly to the brain but traversing horizontally through tendons. I used Ejiao, Jizihuang, Shengdi, Zhi Shouwu, Nu Zhenzi, Baishao, Gancao, Maidong, Fushen, Muli, Mugua, Gouteng, Luoshiteng, Tianxianteng, Sigualuo, etc., adjusting as needed. After eight doses, she recovered. The patient described feeling trapped in a net during attacks, with extreme pain from internal and external tendon tension. After medication, she felt gradual relaxation. Later, episodes recurred with facial muscle twitching and hand/foot tendon tightening. Using only two Chicken Egg Yolks decocted as water, mixed with 3 qian of Ejiao, pain relieved immediately, tendons relaxed, without other medicines. Recurrences became milder. After two months, no recurrence. These two animal-derived substances are heavy and rich, greatly nourishing Yin, extinguishing wind, increasing fluids, and moistening tendons, hence the efficacy. Mr. Wu Jutong stated that Chicken Egg Yolk is the "Pearl of Stabilizing Wind," establishing Large and Small Dingfeng Zhu formulas. This confirms Yu and Zhao had similar insights, shining successively.
Kanqi Qianlong Decoction (Nourish Yin and Subdue Yang Method) Yu's Empirical Formula
Jing Kanqi (Umbilical Cord, 1 strip, cut into inches) Qing Longchi (Dragonis Os, 3 qian) Zhenzhumu (Margaritifera Concha, 6 qian, crushed) Sheng Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 3 qian) Da Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix, 4 qian) Zuo Muli (Concha Ostreae, 6 qian, crushed) Cizhu Wan (Magnetitum et Cinnabarum Pill, 4 qian, wrapped and decocted) Dong Baiwei (Cynanchi Atrati Radix, 3 qian)
First, use 8 qian of Da Shudi (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix), sliced, soaked in boiling water to extract clear juice, used to decoct the medicine.
[Commentary by Xiu] True Yang in the Kidneys resides in Mingmen (Gate of Life), serving as the root of vital energy. If True Yang does not return to its root, Dragon-Lei Fire arises. Mingmen is the gate of the essence chamber, connecting forward to the external kidneys and backward to the Du Meridian, relating to Liver, Kidney, Chong, and Ren vessels. Chong meridian belongs to Liver, Ren meridian belongs to Kidney. If Kidney Yin is deficient, Yang has no attachment and floats upward; if Ren Yin is insufficient, Chong Qi fails to descend and rushes upward. Thus, Zhongjing said: "Yin exhausted below, Yang rebels above." To subdue Yang and stabilize rebellion, one must first nourish Yin to suppress Chong Qi. Therefore, Kanqi (Umbilical Cord) and Erdi (Rehmanniae Radix) are used as Sovereign herbs. Kanqi, also known as Mingdi (Life Umbilicus), connects Shenque to Mingmen, obtaining primordial ancestral Qi. Erdi is heavy and rich, filling essence and marrow, excellently nourishing postnatal True Yin, ensuring Yin and Yang are balanced, preventing Dragon-Lei Fire from rising. Furthermore, Longchi (Dragonis Os), Muli (Concha Ostreae), and Zhenzhumu (Margaritifera Concha) are used as Minister herbs to nourish and subdue Dragon-Lei Fire. Cishi (Magnetitum) and Zhusha (Cinnabaris) are used as Assistants to harmonize Heart and Kidney, allowing Yang to have attachment and Fire to settle. Ingeniously, Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) and Baiwei (Cynanchi Atrati Radix) are used as Envoys: one gathers Liver and harmonizes Yin, essential for this purpose; the other guides Chong and nourishes Ren. Sovereign and Assistant are appropriate, Minister and Envoy are suitable. This is an excellent formula for tonifying Kidney, nourishing Ren, suppressing Liver, and guiding Chong. However, it fits only when Right pulse is floating and large, Left pulse is fine and rapid, tongue is crimson, palpitations occur, spontaneous sweating and empty vexation exist, limbs are restless, and fainting sensations frequent. If limbs are cold, pulse is fine, forehead sweats like pearls, add Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), and Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) to urgently retrieve Yuan Yang and stop sweating. But if the condition is this critical, rescue is often impossible.
Danggui Sini Decoction (Nourish Yin and Unblock Collaterals Method) Yu's Empirical Formula, modified from Zhang Zhongjing's formulas
Quan Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 3 qian) Guizhi Jian (Cinnamomi Ramulus, tip, 5 fen) Bei Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 3 fen, honey-fried) Xian Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus, fresh, 1 piece, cut into inches) Sheng Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 3 qian)
Qing Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 5 fen) Jiang Tongcao (Tetrapanacis Medulla, 1 qian) Chen Shaojiu (Aged Rice Wine, 1 ladle mixed)
[Commentary by Xiu] Heart governs main meridians, Liver governs collateral vessels, and Pericardium governs both collaterals and meridians, spreading horizontally. It assists Heart in moving Blood and helps Liver collaterals control Blood. If Liver fails to control Blood, and Pericardium Blood fails to spread, hands and feet become cold. If Blood cannot spread horizontally through meridians, less Blood flows within vessels, resulting in a fine pulse nearly imperceptible. Thus, Liver, Heart, and Pericardium are simultaneously affected, not just the Foot-Jueyin Liver. Therefore, Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) and Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) nourish Blood and collaterals as Sovereign herbs. Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) and Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) are used as Minister herbs; pungent properties unblock meridians, ensuring smooth Meridian Qi, allowing Collateral Qi to spread. Jiangtong (Tetrapanacis Medulla), Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus), and Jiuj (Rice Wine) are used as Assistants: one speeds up unblocking main channels, the other promotes smooth collateral flow. Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) is used as Envoy; Pungency aided by Sweetness accelerates action. This is an excellent formula for nourishing Blood and Yin, activating collaterals, and unblocking pulses. For chronic Cold Hernia with severe lower abdominal pain and white foam vomiting, add Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus) to stop hernia pain and Shengjiangzhi (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens Juice) to stop foam vomiting, following Zhongjing's established methods.
Fumai Decoction (Nourish Yin and Restore Pulse Method) Yu's Empirical Formula, modified from Zhang Zhongjing's formulas. Also known as Zhigancao Decoction.
Da Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix, 1 liang) Zhen Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 1.5 qian, separately decocted and mixed) Chao Zaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, 2 qian) Guizhi Jian (Cinnamomi Ramulus, tip, 5 fen) Chen Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin, 2 qian, melted and taken) Da Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 5 qian) Qing Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 3 qian) Chen Shaojiu (Aged Rice Wine, 1 ladle divided and mixed) Shengjiangzhi (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens Juice, 2 drops mixed) Da Hongzao (Jujubae Fructus, 3 pieces, split)
[Commentary by Xiu] Although pulse movement belongs to Heart, the force driving it lies in Lung. Lung governs Qi, Qi governs respiration. One exhalation and one inhalation constitute one breath, promoting Heart Blood pulsation to generate pulse. When disease progresses to Heart Palpitations, Heart governs pulse and moves inherently. Movement becoming palpitations means the heart beats visibly and vibrates under touch. This indicates Blood Deficiency. Knotted (Jie) pulse stops occasionally with irregular intervals; Intermitting (Dai) pulse stops regularly. Pulse beating 10-12 times before a stop, or 7-8, or 5-6 times before a regular stop, indicates Qi deficiency within Blood. Therefore, Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), and Hongzao (Jujubae Fructus) are heavily used as Sovereign herbs to tonify Blood in large doses. Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix) are used as Minister herbs to tonify Qi and increase fluids, moistening collaterals to restore pulse and harmonize Qi mechanism to remove knotting and intermission. Still fearing pulse may not restore and intermission may not cease, Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) and Jiuj (Rice Wine) are used as Assistants; pungent and moist properties move Blood, assisting Renshen and Maidong to benefit formless Qi, expanding formed Blood, enabling rapid flow in vessels. Thus, Blood fills and vessels unblock, restoring normal pulsation. Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Hongzao (Jujubae Fructus) are used as Envoys to harmonize Wei (Defensive) and Ying (Nutritive), allowing Ying to flow in vessels generating Blood source, and Wei to flow outside vessels guiding Blood flow. This is the premier excellent formula for nourishing Yin, tonifying Blood, benefiting Qi, and restoring pulse.
Siwu Jiangfu Decoction (Nourish Yin and Moisten Collaterals Method) Yu's Empirical Formula
Xi Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix, 4 qian, wine-washed) Sheng Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 1.5 qian, wine-fried) Zhen Xinjiang (Safflower-infused Silk, 1.5 qian) Guang Juluo (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium White Vein, 1 qian) Quan Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 2 qian, wine-washed)
Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 5 fen, honey-fried) Xuanfuhua (Inulae Flos, 3 qian, wrapped and decocted) Qing Congguan (Allii Fistulosi Caulis, 3 cun, cut and mixed)
[Commentary by Xiu] The *Neijing* states: "Blood primarily moistens." Blood deficiency causes collateral stagnation and obstruction; collateral obstruction leads to Blood stasis transforming into Fire, often causing stagnation injuring the Middle, wandering pain in epigastrium and hypochondrium. Severe cases involve loose collaterals and bleeding, with dark purple color. Therefore, Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), and Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) are used as Sovereign herbs to nourish Yin and Blood. Jiang (Safflower-infused Silk), Xuanfuhua (Inulae Flos), and Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) are used as Minister herbs; pungent and moist properties unblock collaterals. Juluo (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium White Vein) is used as Assistant to soothe Qi in collaterals. Congguan (Allii Fistulosi Caulis) is used as Envoy to resolve stasis in collaterals. This is an excellent formula for light, clear Yin-nourishing and pungent-moist collateral activation. For severe pain, add 7 Tao Ren (Persicae Semen) and 1.5 qian Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizoma, honey-fried) to invigorate Blood and stop pain. For combined Fire, add 1.5 qian Chuanlianzi (Toosendan Fructus) and 1.5 qian Danpi (Moutan Cortex) for bitter-pungent heat-draining.
Xinjia Jiuli Decoction (Nourish Yin and Regulate Qi Method) Yu's Empirical Formula, modified from Zhang Shiwen's Jiuli Decoction
Xi Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix, 4 qian) Bai Guishen (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 1.5 qian) Guang Ju Bai (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium White Part, 8 fen) Su Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, 3 fen) Sheng Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 3 qian) Qing Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 6 fen) Chuan Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, 4 fen, honey-fried) Meiguihua (Rosae Chinensis Flos, 3 flowers mixed) Chen Shaojiu (Aged Rice Wine, 2 teaspoons divided and mixed) Dan Zhuli (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia Succus, 2 ladles mixed with wine and taken)
[Commentary by Xiu] Danxi stated: "When Qi and Blood are harmonious, hundred diseases do not arise. When Qi and Blood are depressed, hundred diseases swarm." Luyu stated: "Qi depression condenses fluids into Phlegm; Blood depression causes collateral stasis and pain." I believe acute Qi-Blood depression involves mostly Blood deficiency and Qi stagnation. One must first regulate Qi, then activate collaterals. Pungent-dry and harsh depletion methods are strictly forbidden as they severely damage Qi and Blood. Therefore, Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), and Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) are used as Sovereign herbs to nourish Blood and soften Liver. Following the classic principle "Liver dislikes urgency; eat sweet to relieve it." Ju Bai (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium White Part), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), and Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) are used as Minister herbs; their clear fragrance disperses Qi, following "Liver likes dispersion; eat pungent to disperse it." Zhuli (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia Succus) and Shaojiu (Rice Wine) are used as Assistants to wash away Phlegm and move Blood, as Liver nature is rigid, requiring softening and soothing. Meiguihua (Rosae Chinensis Flos) is used as Envoy; its color activates Blood, fragrance regulates Qi, serving as a guide for all herbs. This is an excellent formula for nourishing Yin and Blood, regulating Qi, and dispersing depression.
Buyin Yiqi Decoction (Nourish Yin and Tonify Qi Method) Yu's Empirical Formula, recorded in Zhang Jingyue's *New Formulas Eight Arrays*
Lu Dangschen (Codonopsis Radix, 3 qian, rice-fried) Huai Shanyao (Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma, 3 qian, pounded) Xinhui Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 1 qian) Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 3 fen, honey-fried) Da Shudi (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 4 qian, stir-fried until loose)
Bai Guishen (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 1.5 qian, vinegar-fried) Qing Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 5 fen) Bie Xue Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix fried with Turtle Blood, 5 fen)
[Commentary by Xiu] Male hematochezia, female metrorrhagia, regardless of blood loss amount, if accompanied by weak voice, timid Qi, pale face, listless spirit, palpitations, and soft limbs, indicates Qi failing to control Blood, with Blood escaping downward. Using cooling hemostatic formulas will cause Qi collapse. Therefore, Dangshen (Codonopsis Radix) to tonify Yin-Qi, and Shudi (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix) to fill Yin-Blood are used as Sovereign herbs. Jingyue calls them Liangyi (Two Powers), originally a universal formula for dual tonification of Qi and Blood. Shanyao (Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma) and Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) are used as Minister herbs to nourish Spleen Yin and Liver Blood; Vinegar-fried Danggui specifically enhances blood-astringing effects. Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), and Jupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) are used as Assistants to raise clear Qi and regulate Stomach Qi. Chaihu fried with Turtle Blood raises Qi without damaging Liver Yin. Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) is used as Envoy to harmonize herbs, relieve Liver urgency, and harmonize Spleen Yin. This is an excellent formula for nourishing Yin and Blood, and benefiting Qi in Blood collapse. However, Dangshen (Codonopsis Radix) is sweet and neutral, tonifying Qi but relatively weak. For robust constitutions, replace with Jilin Dashen (Korean Ginseng Root) for superior Qi-tonifying power. For Yin deficiency with Fire, add Tongbian (Human Urine) to stop bleeding with salty-cool property and descend Yin Fire. For spontaneous sweating, add Mian Huangqi (Astragali Radix) 2-3 qian to secure exterior and stop sweat, and Huaixiaomai (Triticum Levis Fructus) 3-4 qian to nourish Heart Blood and astringe Yin. All are proven effective methods.
Jiawei Jin Gui Shenqi Wan (Modified Golden Cabinet Kidney Qi Pill) (Nourish Yin and Receive Yang Method) Yu's Empirical Formula, modified from Zhang Zhongjing's formulas
Da Shudi (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 6 qian) Huai Shanyao (Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma, 3 qian, pounded) Danpi (Moutan Cortex, 1.5 qian, vinegar-fried) Dan Fupian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix, 1.5 qian) Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus, 2 qian) Zhe Fuling (Poria, 3 qian)
Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 1.5 qian) Zi Yaogui (Cinnamomi Cortex, refined pill, 5 fen swallowed) Bei Wuwei (Schisandrae Fructus, 1 qian, pounded) Yingbai Tongbian (Clear Human Urine, 1 cup divided and mixed)
[Commentary by Xiu] Cold Damage with Yin involvement, mistaken use of ascending/dispersing agents, or excessive use of cooling/depleting agents in warm diseases, lead to deficient Yang in Kidneys floating upward, causing oral/nasal bleeding, shortness of breath, and rapid breathing. Feet must be cold, urine clear, stool either loose or diarrheal. Upper presents false heat, lower reveals true cold. As Yang floats upward, Yin must be deficient below. Within Yin-nourishing strategy, temporarily use hot herbs taken cold to receive and store them. Therefore, Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) is used as Sovereign herb to strengthen Water Master to suppress Sunlight. Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex) and Fu (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) are used as Minister herbs to benefit Fire Source to eliminate Yin shadows. Ingeniously, heavy Wuweiizi (Schisandrae Fructus) is used as Assistant; sour and astringent, salty and descending, guiding True Yang back to Mingmen. Yingbai Tongbian (Clear Human Urine) is used as Envoy to rapidly descend Yin Fire and clear/astringe bleeding. This is an excellent formula for tonifying True Yin and receiving Yuan Yang.
[Commentary by Lian] Among the above ten formulas, Yu always used Yin-nourishing as Sovereign, combining other methods to expand application. This shows skillful use of established formulas with extensive modification, opening doors for students in herb selection and formula formulation.
Sini Decoction (Retrieve Yang and Break Yin Method) Yu's Empirical Formula, recorded in Zhang Zhongjing's *Treatise on Cold Damage*
Chuan Fuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix, 3 qian, roasted, skin and umbilicus removed) Chuan Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 3 qian, roasted) Qing Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 qian)
[Commentary by Xiu] Early Shaoyin Disease presents without headache or fever, but with aversion to cold, cold limbs, tremors, curling up, possibly vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, deep or hidden pulse. This is Direct Invasion of Yin Meridian True Cold Syndrome, commonly called Yin Syndrome Cold Damage. If accompanied by blue complexion, retracted testicles, and short tongue, it is called Yin-Cold Combined Mid-Cold. Both are dangerous conditions. Therefore, urgently use Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) and Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) to break Yin and save Yang as Sovereign herbs. Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) is used as Assistant to harmonize Middle. Pungency aided by Sweetness provides warming and tonifying function; Sweet combined with Pungency excels in regulation. This is the main formula for breaking Yin, retrieving Yang, and Shaoyin Mid-Cold. For more vomiting, add 2 spoons Shengjiangzhi (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens Juice) and 1 fen Gong Dingxiang (Syzygii Aromatis Flos). For more diarrhea, add 3 qian Chao Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried) and 1.5 qian Weirougu (Myristicae Semen, baked). For short tongue, retracted testicles, and severe lower abdominal cramping pain, add 1 qian Salt-fried Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus) and 1.5 qian Wine-fried Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus).
Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Prepared Aconite) (Retrieve Yang and Secure Yin Method - Light Agent) Yu's Empirical Formula, recorded in Zhang Zhongjing's *Treatise on Cold Damage*
Chuan Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 2 qian) Dong Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 3 qian) Wei Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, baked, 1 qian) Pao Fuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix, 3 qian) Qing Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 qian) Da Hongzao (Jujubae Fructus, 3 pieces, split)
[Commentary by Xiu] Cold Damage caused by excessive sweating, leading to continuous dripping sweat, aversion to wind, difficulty urinating, and slight stiffness of four limbs, constitutes a mild case of Yang Collapse. Therefore, Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) and Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) are used as Sovereign herbs; pungent-hot properties retrieve Yang. Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) is used as Minister; sour property secures Yin. Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) is used as Minister; sweet property harmonizes Yang. Wei Jiang (Baked Ginger) is used as Assistant; Hongzao (Jujubae Fructus) is used as Envoy. One harmonizes Wei to assist Yang, the other harmonizes Ying to maintain Yin. This is an excellent formula for retrieving Yang, securing Yin, harmonizing Ying, and protecting Wei.
Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) (Retrieve Yang and Secure Yin Method - Heavy Agent) Yu's Empirical Formula, recorded in Zhang Zhongjing's *Treatise on Cold Damage*
Pao Fuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix, 4 qian) Sheng Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 3 qian) Zhe Fuling (Poria, 3 qian) Xian Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 2 qian) Sheng Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 2 qian)
[Continuation] The *Neijing* states: "Yang Qi, when refined, nourishes Spirit; when soft, nourishes Tendons." In external contraction syndromes, excessive sweating depletes body fluids, causing Yang deficiency, continuous spontaneous sweating. Tendons lose nourishment, causing trembling movements; flesh loses nourishment, causing twitching. Vertigo, palpitations, and trembling desire to fall indicate a severe case of Yang Collapse. Therefore, Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) and Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens/Rhizoma), pungent-hot...