藿香正气汤 温中化浊法 俞氏经验加减方
杜藿梗（三钱） 薄川朴（钱半） 新会皮（二钱） 白芷（二钱） 嫩苏梗（钱半） 姜半夏（三钱）
浙苓皮（四钱） 春砂仁（八分，分冲）
【秀按】吾绍地居卑湿。时值夏秋。湿证居十之七八。地多秽浊。人多恣食生冷油腻。故上吸秽气。中停食
滞者甚多。方以藿、朴、二陈、温中为君。臣以白芷砂仁。芳香辟秽。佐以苏梗、苓皮。辛淡化湿。合而为
温化芳淡。湿滞挟秽之良方。惟温热暑燥。不挟寒湿者。不可妄用。
【廉勘】藿香正气散原方有桔梗甘草白术腹皮苏叶。同为粗末。每服三钱。用姜三片。红枣一枚。煎服。治
风寒外感。食滞内停。或兼湿邪。或吸秽气。或伤生冷。或不服水土等证。的是良方。故叶案引用颇多。以治
温热寒湿等症。吴鞠通新定其名。一加减正气散（藿香梗二钱、浓朴二钱、光杏仁二钱、茯苓皮二钱、广皮
二钱、六神曲钱半、麦芽钱半、绵茵陈二钱、大腹皮一钱。）为苦辛微寒法。治三焦湿郁。升降失司。脘连
腹胀。大便不爽等症。二加减正气散（藿香梗三钱、广皮二钱、浓朴二钱、茯苓皮三钱、木防己三钱、大豆
卷二钱、川通草二钱、生苡仁三钱。）为苦辛淡法。治湿郁三焦。脘闷便溏。脉糊舌白。一身尽痛等症。三加
减正气散（杜藿香三钱、茯苓皮三钱、浓朴二钱、广皮钱半、苦杏仁三钱、滑石五钱。）为苦辛寒法。治秽
湿着里。脘闷舌黄。气机不宣。久则酿热等症。四加减正气散（藿香梗三钱、浓朴二钱、茯苓三钱、广皮钱
半、草果一钱、炒楂肉五钱、六神曲二钱。）为苦辛温法。治秽湿着里。脉右缓。舌白滑。邪阻气分等症。
五加减正气散（藿香梗二钱、广皮钱半、茯苓三钱、浓朴二钱、大腹皮钱半、生谷芽一钱、苍术二钱。）为
苦辛温法。治秽湿着里。脘闷便泄等症。前五法。均用正气散加减。而用药丝丝入扣。叶氏可谓善用成方。精
于化裁者矣。惟昔老名医赵晴初先生《存存斋医话》三集云。吴鞠通温病条辨中。正气散加减有五方。主用藿、
朴、陈、苓。（一）加神曲、麦芽。升降脾胃之气。茵陈宣湿郁。大腹皮泄湿满。杏仁利肺与大肠。（二）加防
己、豆卷。走经络湿郁。通草、苡仁。淡渗小便。以实大便。（三）加杏仁利肺气。滑石清湿中之热。（四）加
草果开发脾阳。楂、曲运中消滞。（五）加苍术燥脾湿。大腹皮宽肠气。谷芽升胃气。细参五方。虽无甚精义。
然治湿温症。亦大都如是也。但就廉臣所验。湿温变症最多。首辨其湿重热轻。热重湿轻。湿热并重。次辨其
兼风、兼寒、兼暑、兼秽。三辨其夹症。如夹宿痰、停饮、生冷、油腻、气郁、血瘀、房劳、失血、脾泄、内
痔、香港脚、七疝等。及经水适来适断。崩漏淋带。胎前产后。痘 惊疳等。四辨其变症。如变疟痢、肿胀、黄
疸、霍乱、沉昏、咳嗽、痰饮、水气、疝气、着痹、淋带、便血、痔疮、痈脓等。全在医者对症发药。药随病
为转移。方随症为增减。庶几因物付物。而不为病变所穷。吴氏加减五方。但治湿温寒湿本症耳。他未之及。
仁香汤 温中流气法 俞氏经验方
白蔻仁（六分分冲） 杜藿香（钱半） 广木香（六分） 生香附（钱半） 春砂仁（八分同煎）
白檀香（五分） 母丁香（四分） 广陈皮（钱半） 生甘草（三分） 淡竹茹（三钱）
【秀按】凡素有肝气。一受痧秽。即胸膈烦闷。络郁腹痛。夏秋最多。吾绍通称痧气。故以二仁、五香为
君。芳香辟秽。辛香流气。臣以广皮疏中。竹茹通络。使以些许生甘。以缓和辛散之气。此为疏肝快脾。辟秽
散痧之良方。用处虽多。亦勿过投。免致耗气劫液。
神术汤 温中疏滞法 俞氏经验方
杜藿香（三钱） 制苍术（钱半） 新会皮（二钱炒香） 炒楂肉（四钱） 春砂仁（一钱杵） 薄川
朴（二钱） 清炙草（五分） 焦六曲（三钱）
【秀按】素禀湿滞。恣食生冷油腻。成湿霍乱者甚多。陡然吐泻腹痛。胸膈痞满。故君以藿、朴、橘、术。
温理中焦。臣以楂曲、消滞。佐以砂仁运气。使以甘草。缓其燥烈之性。此为温中导滞。平胃快脾之良方。
苓术二陈煎 温中利湿法 俞氏经验方载景岳《新方八阵》
带皮苓（四钱） 淡干姜（五分炒黄） 广皮（二钱） 泽泻（钱半） 生晒术（一钱） 姜半夏（三
钱） 猪苓（钱半） 清炙草（五分）
【秀按】脾气虚寒者。最易停湿。往往腹泻溺少。脉缓舌白。肢懈神倦。胃钝气滞。故君以苓、术、姜、
半。温中化湿。臣以二苓、泽泻。化气利溺。佐以橘皮疏滞。使以甘草和药。此为温脾健胃。运气利湿之良方。
大橘皮汤 温化湿热法 俞氏经验方
广陈皮（三钱） 赤苓（三钱） 飞滑石（四钱） 槟榔汁（四匙冲） 杜苍术（一钱） 猪苓（二钱） 泽泻（钱半） 官桂（三分）
【秀按】湿温初起。如湿重热轻。或湿遏热伏。必先用辛淡温化。始能湿开热透。故以橘、术、温中燥湿为
君。臣以二苓、滑泽。化气利溺。佐以槟榔导下。官桂为诸药通使。合而为温通中气。导湿下行之良方。
桂枝橘皮汤 温调营卫法 俞氏经验方
桂枝尖（一钱蜜炙） 生白芍（钱半） 鲜生姜（一钱） 广陈皮（钱半炒） 清炙草（六分） 大红
枣（二枚去核）
【秀按】桂枝汤。本为太阳经中风而设。臣以广皮和中。以疏草、枣之甘滞。而白芍分量。又重于桂枝。故
为脾受寒湿。调和营卫之良方。
香砂理中汤 温健脾阳法 俞氏经验方
广木香（一钱） 东洋参（钱半） 炒川姜（一钱） 春砂仁（一钱） 生晒术（二钱炒） 清炙草（八分）
【秀按】脾为阴脏。宜温宜健。如夏月饮冷过多。寒湿内留。上吐下泻。肢冷脉微。脾阳惫甚。中气不支
者。则以理中汤为正治。故君以参、术、草守补中气。即臣以干姜温健中阳。此佐以香、砂者。取其芳香悦
脾。俾脾阳勃发也。合而为提补温运。暖培中阳之良方。
理阴煎 温理脾阴法 俞氏经验方 载景岳《新方八阵》
直熟地（四钱用砂仁四分拌捣） 归身（二钱） 干姜（六分炒黄） 清炙草（一钱）
【秀按】上焦属阳。下焦属阴。而中焦则为阴阳交会之枢。脾阳虚而胃阴尚可支持者。治以香砂理中汤。
固已。若脾阴亏而胃阳尚能支持者。当君以归地甘润和阴。佐以姜、草辛甘和阳。故景岳谓为理中汤之变方。
与黑地黄丸药异法同。此为滋补脾阴。温运胃阳之良方。
香砂二陈汤 温运胃阳法 俞氏经验方
白檀香（五分） 姜半夏（三钱） 浙茯苓（三钱） 春砂仁（八分杵） 炒广皮（二钱） 清炙草（五分）
【秀按】胃有停饮。或伤冷食。每致胸痞脘痛。呕吐黄水。俗皆知为肝气痛。实则胃脘痛也。妇女最多。男
子亦有。皆由多吃瓜果或冷酒冷菜等而成。感寒感热。俱能触发。故以二陈温和胃阳为君。臣以茯苓化气蠲
饮。佐以香砂运气止痛。使以甘草和药。此为温运胃阳。消除积饮之良方。痛甚者。加白蔻末二分拌捣瓦楞子
四钱。呕甚者。加控涎丹八分（包煎）速除其饮。
胃苓汤 温利胃湿法 俞氏经验方 载景岳《古方八阵》
杜苍术（钱半） 炒广皮（钱半） 生晒术（钱半） 泽泻（钱半） 薄川朴（二钱） 带皮苓（四钱）
猪苓（钱半） 官桂（四分）
【秀按】夏令恣食瓜果。寒湿内蕴。每致上吐下泻。肢冷脉伏。由胃阳为寒水所侵。累及脾阳。不得健运。
故以二术、橘、朴为君。温胃健脾。臣以二苓、泽泻。导水下行。利小便以实大便。佐以官桂暖气散寒。为诸
药通使。此为温通胃阳。辛淡渗湿之良方。呕甚者。加姜半夏三钱。生姜汁一匙分冲。腹痛甚者。加紫金片三
分（烊冲）。足筋拘挛者。加酒炒木瓜钱半。络石藤三钱。
白术和中汤 温和脾胃法 俞氏经验方
生晒术（钱半） 新会皮（钱半炒） 焦六曲（三钱） 佛手花（五分） 浙茯苓（四钱） 春砂仁（一
钱杵） 五谷虫（三钱漂净） 陈仓米（三钱荷叶包）
【秀按】脾胃主中气。过服消克。则中气虚。气虚则滞。滞则中满。甚或成臌。多由湿聚为满。气壅为胀。
中空无物。按之不坚。亦不痛。或时胀时减。病名气虚中满。湿证夹食。中期最多此证。用药最难。纯补则胀
满愈甚。分消则中气愈虚。故以苓、术、培中化湿为君。臣以陈皮、砂仁运中。神曲、谷虫导滞。佐以佛手花
疏气宽胀。使以荷叶包陈仓米。升清气以和胃。补而不滞。疏而不削。此为温和脾胃。条畅气机之良方。若寒
气盛。加炒干姜八分、淡吴萸五分、紫 桂三分。若湿热盛。加川连六分、川朴一钱。兼大便闭结者。吞服枳
实导滞丸三钱。以胀满多挟宿滞也。下后。随用此汤渐磨而化之。若兼络瘀。加新绛钱半。旋复花三钱（包
煎）。青葱管五寸（冲）。
加味小建中汤 温和肝脾法 俞氏经验方载《医门法律》
生白芍（三钱） 饴糖（三钱） 鲜生姜（八分蜜煨） 广橘白络（各一钱炒） 川桂枝（一钱蜜炙）
清炙草（八分） 大红枣（二枚去核） 春砂仁（六分分冲）
【秀按】脾主中气而统血。贯注四旁。输运上下。为胃行其津液。而主一身之营阴卫阳者也。故中气立。则
营卫流行。而不失其和。阴阳相循。而不极于偏。如过服香燥。耗气劫阴。则营卫不和。症多寒热类疟。四肢
疼。手足烦热。咽干口燥。里急腹痛。肝乘脾之证见焉。故以芍、草、饴糖为君。酸得甘助而生阴。以缓肝
之急。臣以桂枝、姜、枣。甘与辛合而生阳。以健脾之气。而不加参、术扶气者。恐助肝气之横逆也。故但曰
小建中。俞氏仿喻西昌法。佐以橘白、橘络。使以砂仁者。深虑甘药太过。令人气滞中满耳。此为温和肝脾。
调剂营卫之良法。
神香圣术煎 热通脾肾法 俞氏经验方载景岳《新方八阵》
冬白术（五钱炒香） 紫 桂（一钱） 公丁香（二分） 川姜（二钱炒黄） 广陈皮（一钱
炒） 白蔻仁（六分）
【秀按】恣食生冷油腻。及过用克伐。或寒中太阴。致伤脾阳以及肾阳者。症必上吐下泻。胸膈痞满。胁肋
胀痛。气怯神倦。甚至眶陷脶瘪。四肢厥冷。脉微似伏。证极危笃。故以白术、干姜为君。暖培脾阳。即臣以
肉桂温肾。佐以陈皮和中。妙在使以丁、蔻。兴发气机。以速姜、桂通阳之烈性。此为热通脾肾。寒湿霍乱之主方。
【廉勘】此方治直中阴寒。吐泻腹痛。脘满肢冷。俗名瘪脶痧证。一剂知。二剂已。曾用有验。不得因其虚
痞虚胀。而畏重用白术也。呕甚者。加生姜汁一瓢冲。筋吊者。加酒炒木瓜二钱。络石藤五钱。但必辨其舌苔
白滑。或黑润胖大。小便清白。大便有生菜汁腥气。始可用此方急救。
附子理中汤 热壮脾肾法 俞氏经验方
黑附块（五钱） 别直参（三钱） 清炙草（八分） 川姜（三钱炒黄） 冬白术（三钱炒香） 生姜汁（一瓢冲）
【秀按】猝中阴寒。口食生冷。病发而暴。忽然吐泻腹痛。手足厥逆。冷汗自出。肉 筋惕。神气倦怯。转
头项若冰。浑身青紫而死。惟陡进纯阳之药。迅扫浊阴。以回复脾肾元阳。乃得功收再造。故以附、姜、辛
热追阳为君。即臣以参、术、培中益气。佐以炙草和药。使以姜汁。去阴浊而通胃阳。妙在干姜温太阴之阴。
即以生姜宣阳明之阳。使参、术、姜、附、收功愈速。此为热壮脾肾。急救回阳之要方。
【廉勘】脾主统血。非寒中太阴。其血必凝。王清任《医林改错》中。于方内加桃仁、红花。余遵其法。加光桃
仁九粒。杜红花八分，又灸中脘丹田。治之多效。惟汗出如油。气喘不休者。亦不及救。
【荣斋按】程钟龄说∶“温者，温其中也，脏受寒侵，必须温剂；经云‘寒者热之’是已。然有当温不温误人
者，有不当温而温以误人者，有当温而温之不得其法以误人者，有当温而温之不量其人不量其症与其时以误人
者；是不可不审也。天地杀厉之气，莫甚于伤寒，其自表而入者，初时即行温散，则病自除，若不由表入，而
直中阴经者，名曰中寒；其症恶寒厥逆，口鼻气冷，或冷汗自出，呕吐泻利，或腹中急痛，厥逆无脉，下利
清谷，种种寒症并见，法常温之。又或寒湿浸淫，四肢拘急，发为痛痹，亦宜温散，此当温而温者也。然又有
不当温而温者何也？如伤寒邪热传里，口燥咽干，便闭谵语，以及斑黄狂乱，衄吐便血诸症，其不可温，固无
论矣！若乃病热已深，厥逆渐进，舌则干枯，反不知渴，又或挟热下利，神昏气弱，或脉来涩滞反不应指，色
似烟薰，形如槁木，近之无声，望之似脱，甚之血液衰耗，筋脉拘挛，但唇齿舌干燥而不可解者；此为真热假
寒之候，世俗未明亢害承制之理，误投热剂，下咽即败矣。更有郁热内蓄，身不恶寒，湿热胀满，皮肤反冷，
藿香正气汤 温中化浊法 俞氏经验加减方
杜藿梗（三钱） 薄川朴（钱半） 新会皮（二钱） 白芷（二钱） 嫩苏梗（钱半） 姜半夏（三钱）
浙苓皮（四钱） 春砂仁（八分，分冲）
【秀按】我绍兴地处低洼潮湿。正值夏秋季节。湿证占十之七八。地方多秽浊之气。人们多恣意食用生冷油腻食物。所以上吸受秽浊之气，中焦停聚食滞的情况很多。方中以藿香、厚朴、二陈汤、温中药为君药。臣药用白芷、砂仁。芳香辟除秽浊。佐药用苏梗、茯苓皮。辛散淡渗以祛湿。合起来成为温化芳淡。治疗湿滞夹杂秽浊的良方。只是温热暑燥，不夹杂寒湿者，不可妄用。
【廉勘】藿香正气散原方有桔梗、甘草、白术、腹皮、苏叶。同为粗末。每次服用三钱。用生姜三片。红枣一枚。煎服。治疗风寒外感。食滞内停。或兼夹湿邪。或吸受秽气。或损伤生冷。或不服水土等证候。确实是良方。所以叶天士医案中引用颇多。用来治疗温热、寒湿等症。吴鞠通重新定其名。一加减正气散（藿香梗二钱、浓朴二钱、光杏仁二钱、茯苓皮二钱、广皮二钱、六神曲钱半、麦芽钱半、绵茵陈二钱、大腹皮一钱。）为苦辛微寒法。治疗三焦湿郁。升降失司。脘连腹胀。大便不爽等症。二加减正气散（藿香梗三钱、广皮二钱、浓朴二钱、茯苓皮三钱、木防己三钱、大豆卷二钱、川通草二钱、生苡仁三钱。）为苦辛淡法。治疗湿郁三焦。脘闷便溏。脉糊舌白。一身尽痛等症。三加减正气散（杜藿香三钱、茯苓皮三钱、浓朴二钱、广皮钱半、苦杏仁三钱、滑石五钱。）为苦辛寒法。治疗秽湿着里。脘闷舌黄。气机不宣。久则酿热等症。四加减正气散（藿香梗三钱、浓朴二钱、茯苓三钱、广皮钱半、草果一钱、炒楂肉五钱、六神曲二钱。）为苦辛温法。治疗秽湿着里。脉右缓。舌白滑。邪阻气分等症。五加减正气散（藿香梗二钱、广皮钱半、茯苓三钱、浓朴二钱、大腹皮钱半、生谷芽一钱、苍术二钱。）为苦辛温法。治疗秽湿着里。脘闷便泄等症。前五法。均用正气散加减。而用药丝丝入扣。叶氏可谓善用成方。精于化裁者矣。只是昔日老名医赵晴初先生《存存斋医话》三集云。吴鞠通温病条辨中。正气散加减有五方。主用藿、朴、陈、苓。（一）加神曲、麦芽。升降脾胃之气。茵陈宣湿郁。大腹皮泄湿满。杏仁利肺与大肠。（二）加防己、豆卷。走经络湿郁。通草、苡仁。淡渗小便。以实大便。（三）加杏仁利肺气。滑石清湿中之热。（四）加草果开发脾阳。楂、曲运中消滞。（五）加苍术燥脾湿。大腹皮宽肠气。谷芽升胃气。细参五方。虽无甚精义。然治湿温症。亦大都如是也。但就廉臣所验。湿温变症最多。首辨其湿重热轻。热重湿轻。湿热并重。次辨其兼风、兼寒、兼暑、兼秽。三辨其夹症。如夹宿痰、停饮、生冷、油腻、气郁、血瘀、房劳、失血、脾泄、内痔、香港脚、七疝等。及经水适来适断。崩漏淋带。胎前产后。痘 惊疳等。四辨其变症。如变疟痢、肿胀、黄疸、霍乱、沉昏、咳嗽、痰饮、水气、疝气、着痹、淋带、便血、痔疮、痈脓等。全在医者对症发药。药随病为转移。方随症为增减。庶几因物付物。而不为病变所穷。吴氏加减五方。但治湿温寒湿本症耳。他未之及。
仁香汤 温中流气法 俞氏经验方
白蔻仁（六分分冲） 杜藿香（钱半） 广木香（六分） 生香附（钱半） 春砂仁（八分同煎）
白檀香（五分） 母丁香（四分） 广陈皮（钱半） 生甘草（三分） 淡竹茹（三钱）
【秀按】凡素有肝气。一受痧秽。即胸膈烦闷。络郁腹痛。夏秋最多。我绍兴通称痧气。故以二仁、五香为君。芳香辟秽。辛香流气。臣以广皮疏中。竹茹通络。使以些许生甘。以缓和辛散之气。此为疏肝快脾。辟秽散痧之良方。用处虽多。亦勿过投。免致耗气劫液。
神术汤 温中疏滞法 俞氏经验方
杜藿香（三钱） 制苍术（钱半） 新会皮（二钱炒香） 炒楂肉（四钱） 春砂仁（一钱杵） 薄川朴（二钱） 清炙草（五分） 焦六曲（三钱）
【秀按】素禀湿滞。恣食生冷油腻。成湿霍乱者甚多。陡然吐泻腹痛。胸膈痞满。故君以藿、朴、橘、术。温理中焦。臣以楂曲、消滞。佐以砂仁运气。使以甘草。缓其燥烈之性。此为温中导滞。平胃快脾之良方。
苓术二陈煎 温中利湿法 俞氏经验方载景岳《新方八阵》
带皮苓（四钱） 淡干姜（五分炒黄） 广皮（二钱） 泽泻（钱半） 生晒术（一钱） 姜半夏（三钱） 猪苓（钱半） 清炙草（五分）
【秀按】脾气虚寒者。最易停湿。往往腹泻溺少。脉缓舌白。肢懈神倦。胃钝气滞。故君以苓、术、姜、半。温中化湿。臣以二苓、泽泻。化气利溺。佐以橘皮疏滞。使以甘草和药。此为温脾健胃。运气利湿之良方。
大橘皮汤 温化湿热法 俞氏经验方
广陈皮（三钱） 赤苓（三钱） 飞滑石（四钱） 槟榔汁（四匙冲） 杜苍术（一钱） 猪苓（二钱） 泽泻（钱半） 官桂（三分）
【秀按】湿温初起。如湿重热轻。或湿遏热伏。必先用辛淡温化。始能湿开热透。故以橘、术、温中燥湿为君。臣以二苓、滑泽。化气利溺。佐以槟榔导下。官桂为诸药通使。合而为温通中气。导湿下行之良方。
桂枝橘皮汤 温调营卫法 俞氏经验方
桂枝尖（一钱蜜炙） 生白芍（钱半） 鲜生姜（一钱） 广陈皮（钱半炒） 清炙草（六分） 大红枣（二枚去核）
【秀按】桂枝汤。本为太阳经中风而设。臣以广皮和中。以疏草、枣之甘滞。而白芍分量。又重于桂枝。故为脾受寒湿。调和营卫之良方。
香砂理中汤 温健脾阳法 俞氏经验方
广木香（一钱） 东洋参（钱半） 炒川姜（一钱） 春砂仁（一钱） 生晒术（二钱炒） 清炙草（八分）
【秀按】脾为阴脏。宜温宜健。如夏月饮冷过多。寒湿内留。上吐下泻。肢冷脉微。脾阳惫甚。中气不支者。则以理中汤为正治。故君以参、术、草守补中气。即臣以干姜温健中阳。此佐以香、砂者。取其芳香悦脾。俾脾阳勃发也。合而为提补温运。暖培中阳之良方。
理阴煎 温理脾阴法 俞氏经验方 载景岳《新方八阵》
直熟地（四钱用砂仁四分拌捣） 归身（二钱） 干姜（六分炒黄） 清炙草（一钱）
【秀按】上焦属阳。下焦属阴。而中焦则为阴阳交会之枢。脾阳虚而胃阴尚可支持者。治以香砂理中汤。固已。若脾阴亏而胃阳尚能支持者。当君以归地甘润和阴。佐以姜、草辛甘和阳。故景岳谓为理中汤之变方。与黑地黄丸药异法同。此为滋补脾阴。温运胃阳之良方。
香砂二陈汤 温运胃阳法 俞氏经验方
白檀香（五分） 姜半夏（三钱） 浙茯苓（三钱） 春砂仁（八分杵） 炒广皮（二钱） 清炙草（五分）
【秀按】胃有停饮。或伤冷食。每致胸痞脘痛。呕吐黄水。俗皆知为肝气痛。实则胃脘痛也。妇女最多。男子亦有。皆由多吃瓜果或冷酒冷菜等而成。感寒感热。俱能触发。故以二陈温和胃阳为君。臣以茯苓化气蠲饮。佐以香砂运气止痛。使以甘草和药。此为温运胃阳。消除积饮之良方。痛甚者。加白蔻末二分拌捣瓦楞子四钱。呕甚者。加控涎丹八分（包煎）速除其饮。
胃苓汤 温利胃湿法 俞氏经验方 载景岳《古方八阵》
杜苍术（钱半） 炒广皮（钱半） 生晒术（钱半） 泽泻（钱半） 薄川朴（二钱） 带皮苓（四钱）
猪苓（钱半） 官桂（四分）
【秀按】夏令恣食瓜果。寒湿内蕴。每致上吐下泻。肢冷脉伏。由胃阳为寒水所侵。累及脾阳。不得健运。故以二术、橘、朴为君。温胃健脾。臣以二苓、泽泻。导水下行。利小便以实大便。佐以官桂暖气散寒。为诸药通使。此为温通胃阳。辛淡渗湿之良方。呕甚者。加姜半夏三钱。生姜汁一匙分冲。腹痛甚者。加紫金片三分（烊冲）。足筋拘挛者。加酒炒木瓜钱半。络石藤三钱。
白术和中汤 温和脾胃法 俞氏经验方
生晒术（钱半） 新会皮（钱半炒） 焦六曲（三钱） 佛手花（五分） 浙茯苓（四钱） 春砂仁（一钱杵） 五谷虫（三钱漂净） 陈仓米（三钱荷叶包）
【秀按】脾胃主中气。过服消克。则中气虚。气虚则滞。滞则中满。甚或成臌。多由湿聚为满。气壅为胀。中空无物。按之不坚。亦不痛。或时胀时减。病名气虚中满。湿证夹食。中期最多此证。用药最难。纯补则胀满愈甚。分消则中气愈虚。故以苓、术、培中化湿为君。臣以陈皮、砂仁运中。神曲、谷虫导滞。佐以佛手花疏气宽胀。使以荷叶包陈仓米。升清气以和胃。补而不滞。疏而不削。此为温和脾胃。条畅气机之良方。若寒气盛。加炒干姜八分、淡吴萸五分、紫 桂三分。若湿热盛。加川连六分、川朴一钱。兼大便闭结者。吞服枳实导滞丸三钱。以胀满多挟宿滞也。下后。随用此汤渐磨而化之。若兼络瘀。加新绛钱半。旋复花三钱（包煎）。青葱管五寸（冲）。
加味小建中汤 温和肝脾法 俞氏经验方载《医门法律》
生白芍（三钱） 饴糖（三钱） 鲜生姜（八分蜜煨） 广橘白络（各一钱炒） 川桂枝（一钱蜜炙）
清炙草（八分） 大红枣（二枚去核） 春砂仁（六分分冲）
【秀按】脾主中气而统血。贯注四旁。输运上下。为胃行其津液。而主一身之营阴卫阳者也。故中气立。则营卫流行。而不失其和。阴阳相循。而不极于偏。如过服香燥。耗气劫阴。则营卫不和。症多寒热类疟。四肢疼。手足烦热。咽干口燥。里急腹痛。肝乘脾之证见焉。故以芍、草、饴糖为君。酸得甘助而生阴。以缓肝之急。臣以桂枝、姜、枣。甘与辛合而生阳。以健脾之气。而不加参、术扶气者。恐助肝气之横逆也。故但曰小建中。俞氏仿喻西昌法。佐以橘白、橘络。使以砂仁者。深虑甘药太过。令人气滞中满耳。此为温和肝脾。调剂营卫之良法。
神香圣术煎 热通脾肾法 俞氏经验方载景岳《新方八阵》
冬白术（五钱炒香） 紫 桂（一钱） 公丁香（二分） 川姜（二钱炒黄） 广陈皮（一钱炒） 白蔻仁（六分）
【秀按】恣食生冷油腻。及过用克伐。或寒中太阴。致伤脾阳以及肾阳者。症必上吐下泻。胸膈痞满。胁肋胀痛。气怯神倦。甚至眶陷脶瘪。四肢厥冷。脉微似伏。证极危笃。故以白术、干姜为君。暖培脾阳。即臣以肉桂温肾。佐以陈皮和中。妙在使以丁、蔻。兴发气机。以速姜、桂通阳之烈性。此为热通脾肾。寒湿霍乱之主方。
【廉勘】此方治直中阴寒。吐泻腹痛。脘满肢冷。俗名瘪脶痧证。一剂知。二剂已。曾用有验。不得因其虚痞虚胀。而畏重用白术也。呕甚者。加生姜汁一瓢冲。筋吊者。加酒炒木瓜二钱。络石藤五钱。但必辨其舌苔白滑。或黑润胖大。小便清白。大便有生菜汁腥气。始可用此方急救。
附子理中汤 热壮脾肾法 俞氏经验方
黑附块（五钱） 别直参（三钱） 清炙草（八分） 川姜（三钱炒黄） 冬白术（三钱炒香） 生姜汁（一瓢冲）
【秀按】猝中阴寒。口食生冷。病发而暴。忽然吐泻腹痛。手足厥逆。冷汗自出。肉 筋惕。神气倦怯。转头项若冰。浑身青紫而死。惟陡进纯阳之药。迅扫浊阴。以回复脾肾元阳。乃得功收再造。故以附、姜、辛热追阳为君。即臣以参、术、培中益气。佐以炙草和药。使以姜汁。去阴浊而通胃阳。妙在干姜温太阴之阴。即以生姜宣阳明之阳。使参、术、姜、附、收功愈速。此为热壮脾肾。急救回阳之要方。
【廉勘】脾主统血。非寒中太阴。其血必凝。王清任《医林改错》中。于方内加桃仁、红花。余遵其法。加光桃仁九粒。杜红花八分，又灸中脘丹田。治之多效。惟汗出如油。气喘不休者。亦不及救。
【荣斋按】程钟龄说∶“温者，温其中也，脏受寒侵，必须温剂；经云‘寒者热之’是已。然有当温不温误人者，有不当温而温以误人者，有当温而温之不得其法以误人者，有当温而温之不量其人不量其症与其时以误人者；是不可不审也。天地杀厉之气，莫甚于伤寒，其自表而入者，初时即行温散，则病自除，若不由表入，而直中阴经者，名曰中寒；其症恶寒厥逆，口鼻气冷，或冷汗自出，呕吐泻利，或腹中急痛，厥逆无脉，下利清谷，种种寒症并见，法常温之。又或寒湿浸淫，四肢拘急，发为痛痹，亦宜温散，此当温而温者也。然又有不当温而温者何也？如伤寒邪热传里，口燥咽干，便闭谵语，以及斑黄狂乱，衄吐便血诸症，其不可温，固无论矣！若乃病热已深，厥逆渐进，舌则干枯，反不知渴，又或挟热下利，神昏气弱，或脉来涩滞反不应指，色似烟薰，形如槁木，近之无声，望之似脱，甚之血液衰耗，筋脉拘挛，但唇齿舌干燥而不可解者；此为真热假寒之候，世俗未明亢害承制之理，误投热剂，下咽即败矣。更有郁热内蓄，身不恶寒，湿热胀满，皮肤反冷，
Huoxiang Zhengqi Decoction (Agastis and Magnolia Bark Decoction) - Warming the Middle and Transforming Turbidity Method - Modified Formula from Yu's Experience
* Radix Aucklandiae (Huo Xiang, 藿香) stem: 3 qian
* Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis (Cang Zhu, 苍朴) thin slice: 1.5 qian
* Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chen Pi, 陈皮) Xin Hui variety: 2 qian
* Rhizoma Angelicae Dahuricae (Bai Zhi, 白芷): 2 qian
* Caulis Perillae (Su Geng, 苏梗) tender: 1.5 qian
* Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparatum (Ban Xia, 半夏) with ginger: 3 qian
* Pericarpium Benincasae (Fu Ling Pi, 茯苓皮) Zhejiang variety: 4 qian
* Fructus Amomi Rotundus (Sha Ren, 砂仁) Chun variety: 8 fen, taken separately
[Commentary by Xiu] Our Shaoxing region is low-lying and damp. It is currently summer and autumn. Dampness syndromes account for seven or eight out of ten cases. The area has much turbid air. People often indulge in raw, cold, greasy, and oily foods. Thus, inhaling turbid qi and having food stagnation stopping in the middle jiao are very common. In this formula, Huoxiang, Houpo, Erchen Tang (Two-Chen Decoction), and warming herbs are used as sovereign drugs. Minister drugs include Bai Zhi and Sha Ren to use their aromatic nature to dispel turbidity. Assistant drugs include Su Geng and Fu Ling Pi to use their acrid and bland properties to resolve dampness. Together, they form a warm, transforming, aromatic, and bland formula, which is an excellent prescription for damp-stagnation complicated by turbidity. However, it should not be used recklessly for warm-heat, summerheat, or dryness syndromes that do not involve cold-dampness.
[Commentary by Lian] The original Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Agastis and Magnolia Bark Powder) contains Jie Geng (Platycodon Root), Gan Cao (Licorice Root), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Da Fu Pi (Areca Peel), and Zi Su Ye (Perilla Leaf). They are all made into coarse powder. Each dose is 3 qian, decocted with 3 slices of fresh ginger and one red date. It treats exterior contraction of wind-cold, internal food stagnation, or complications with damp pathogens, inhalation of foul odors, injury from raw/cold foods, or incompatibility with local conditions. It is indeed an excellent formula. Therefore, Ye Tianshi cited it frequently in his medical records to treat warm-heat and cold-dampness syndromes. Wu Jutong newly named them.
1. Yi Jiajian Zhengqi San (One Modified Agastis and Magnolia Bark Decoction) [Radix Aucklandiae stem 2 qian, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis 2 qian, Semen Armeniacae Amarum 2 qian, Pericarpium Benincasae 2 qian, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae 2 qian, Massae Fermentatae Medicinales 1.5 qian, Fructus Hordei Germinatus 1.5 qian, Herba Artemisiae Capillaris 2 qian, Pericarpium Arecae 1 qian.] uses the Bitter-Acrid-Slightly-Cold method. It treats dampness depression in the three jiaos, dysfunction of ascending and descending, epigastric distension extending to the abdomen, and unsatisfactory bowel movements.
2. Er Jiajian Zhengqi San (Two Modified Agastis and Magnolia Bark Decoction) [Radix Aucklandiae stem 3 qian, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae 2 qian, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis 2 qian, Pericarpium Benincasae 3 qian, Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae 3 qian, Semen Sojae Praeparatum 2 qian, Herba Tectariae Communes 2 qian, Semen Coicis 3 qian.] uses the Bitter-Acrid-Bland method. It treats dampness depression in the three jiaos, epigastric stuffiness with loose stools, blurry pulse, white tongue coating, and generalized body pain.
3. San Jiajian Zhengqi San (Three Modified Agastis and Magnolia Bark Decoction) [Radix Aucklandiae 3 qian, Pericarpium Benincasae 3 qian, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis 2 qian, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae 1.5 qian, Semen Armeniacae Amarum 3 qian, Lapidis Talci 5 qian.] uses the Bitter-Acrid-Cold method. It treats foul-dampness settling in the interior, epigastric stuffiness with yellow tongue coating, unventilated qi mechanism, and eventual transformation into heat.
4. Si Jiajian Zhengqi San (Four Modified Agastis and Magnolia Bark Decoction) [Radix Aucklandiae stem 3 qian, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis 2 qian, Poria 3 qian, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae 1.5 qian, Fructus Tsaoko 1 qian, Stir-fried Fructus Crataegi 5 qian, Massae Fermentatae Medicinales 2 qian.] uses the Bitter-Acrid-Warm method. It treats foul-dampness settling in the interior, right-sided slow pulse, white slippery tongue coating, and pathogen obstructing the qi aspect.
5. Wu Jiajian Zhengqi San (Five Modified Agastis and Magnolia Bark Decoction) [Radix Aucklandiae stem 2 qian, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae 1.5 qian, Poria 3 qian, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis 2 qian, Pericarpium Arecae 1.5 qian, Fructus Hordei Germinatus 1 qian, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae 2 qian.] uses the Bitter-Acrid-Warm method. It treats foul-dampness settling in the interior, epigastric stuffiness with diarrhea.
The first five methods all modify Zhengqi San, with precise medication matching. Ye Tianshi can be said to skillfully use established formulas and excel at modification. However, the late famous doctor Mr. Zhao Qingchu stated in Volume 3 of *Cuncunzhai Yihua*: "In Wu Jutong's *Wenbing Tiaobian*, there are five modified Zhengqi San formulas, primarily using Huoxiang, Houpo, Chenpi, and Fuling." (1) Adding Shenqu and Maiya regulates spleen and stomach qi; Yinchen vents damp depression; Dafupi drains damp fullness; Xingren benefits lungs and large intestine. (2) Adding Fangji and Doujuan addresses damp depression in meridians; Tongcao and Yiren promote bland diuresis to solidify stools. (3) Adding Xingren benefits lung qi; Huashi clears heat in dampness. (4) Adding Caoguo develops spleen yang; Zhasha and Shenqu move the middle and digest stagnation. (5) Adding Cangzhu dries spleen dampness; Dafupi relaxes intestinal qi; Guya raises stomach qi. Carefully examining these five formulas, although they lack profound principles, treating wet-warmth syndromes is mostly like this. Based on Lianchen's experience, wet-warmth has the most variable symptoms. First, distinguish whether damp is heavy and heat is light, heat is heavy and damp is light, or damp and heat are equal. Second, distinguish complications with wind, cold, summerheat, or turbidity. Third, distinguish concurrent syndromes such as retained phlegm, fluid retention, raw/cold/greasy food injury, qi stagnation, blood stasis, sexual excess, hemorrhage, spleen diarrhea, internal hemorrhoids, gout, seven types of hernia, etc., as well as menstrual irregularities, metrorrhagia, stranguria, leukorrhea, pre/post-natal conditions, smallpox, convulsions, and malnutrition. Fourth, distinguish transformed syndromes such as malaria/dysentery, swelling, jaundice, cholera, coma, cough, phlegm-fluid, water qi, hernia, fixed bi-strangury, stranguria/leukorrhea, hematochezia, hemorrhoids, carbuncles/pus, etc. It entirely depends on the physician prescribing medicine according to the syndrome, letting the medicine shift with the disease, and adjusting the formula according to symptoms. This way, one follows the nature of things and is not exhausted by changing diseases. Wu's five modified formulas only treat the primary syndromes of wet-warmth and cold-dampness; they do not cover others.
Renxiang Decoction - Warming the Middle and Circulating Qi Method - Yu's Experience Formula
* Fructus Amomi Rotundus (Sha Ren, 砂仁): 6 fen, taken separately
* Radix Aucklandiae (Huo Xiang, 藿香): 1.5 qian
* Radix Aucklandiae (Mu Xiang, 木香): 6 fen
* Radix Cyperi Rotundi (Xiang Fu, 香附): 1.5 qian
* Fructus Amomi Rotundus (Sha Ren, 砂仁): 8 fen, decocted together
* Lignum Santali Albi (Tan Xiang, 檀香): 5 fen
* Fructus Cardamomi (Ding Xiang, 丁香): 4 fen
* Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chen Pi, 陈皮): 1.5 qian
* Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparatae (Gan Cao, 甘草): 3 fen
* Caulis Bambusae in Taenia (Zhu Ru, 竹茹): 3 qian
[Commentary by Xiu] Those who have chronic liver qi stagnation will immediately experience chest and diaphragm oppression, collateral obstruction causing abdominal pain upon exposure to sha-turbidity. This is most common in summer and autumn. We call it 'sha qi' in Shaoxing. Therefore, Er Ren (two amomums) and Wu Xiang (five aromatics) are used as sovereign drugs to use their aromatic nature to dispel turbidity and acrid-aromatic nature to circulate qi. Minister drug Chenpi soothes the middle; assistant drug Zhuru unblocks collaterals. Envoys use a little raw Gancao to moderate the acrid-dispersing qi. This is an excellent formula for soothing the liver, invigorating the spleen, dispelling turbidity, and scattering sha. Although widely applicable, do not overdose it to avoid consuming qi and seizing fluids.
Shenzhu Decoction - Warming the Middle and Relieving Stagnation Method - Yu's Experience Formula
* Radix Aucklandiae (Huo Xiang, 藿香): 3 qian
* Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae Preparated (Cang Zhu, 苍术): 1.5 qian
* Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chen Pi, 陈皮) stir-fried until fragrant: 2 qian
* Fructus Crataegi Preparatus (Shan Zha, 山楂): 4 qian
* Fructus Amomi Rotundus (Sha Ren, 砂仁): 1 qian, crushed
* Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis (Hou Po, 厚朴): 2 qian
* Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparatae (Gan Cao, 甘草): 5 fen
* Massae Fermentatae Medicinales焦 (Jiu Qu, 神曲): 3 qian
[Commentary by Xiu] Those constitutionally prone to damp-stagnation who indulge in raw, cold, greasy, and oily foods often develop damp cholera. Sudden vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and chest/diaphragm fullness occur. Therefore, Huoxiang, Houpo, Chenpi, and Cangzhu are used as sovereign drugs to warm and regulate the middle jiao. Minister drugs Shan Zha and Jiu Qu resolve stagnation. Assistant drug Sha Ren moves qi. Envoy Gancao moderates the drying and harsh nature. This is an excellent formula for warming the middle, guiding out stagnation, calming the stomach, and invigorating the spleen.
Lingzhu Erchen Decoction - Warming the Middle and Promoting Diuresis Method - Yu's Experience Formula, recorded in Jingyue's *New Formulas Eight Arrays*
* Pericarpium Benincasae (Fu Ling, 茯苓) with skin: 4 qian
* Radix Zingiberis Preparatae (Gan Jiang, 干姜) lightly stir-fried yellow: 5 fen
* Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chen Pi, 陈皮): 2 qian
* Radix Alismatis (Ze Xie, 泽泻): 1.5 qian
* Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae Freshly Dried (Bai Zhu, 白术): 1 qian
* Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparatum (Ban Xia, 半夏) with ginger: 3 qian
* Polyporus (Zhu Ling, 猪苓): 1.5 qian
* Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparatae (Gan Cao, 甘草): 5 fen
[Commentary by Xiu] Those with spleen qi deficiency and cold are most prone to retaining dampness, often experiencing diarrhea, scanty urination, slow pulse, white tongue coating, limb flaccidity, mental fatigue, dull stomach, and qi stagnation. Therefore, Fuling, Baizhu, Ganjiang, and Banxia are used as sovereign drugs to warm the middle and transform dampness. Minister drugs Er Ling (Fuling and Zhuling) and Ze Xie promote qi transformation and diuresis. Assistant drug Chenpi relieves stagnation. Envoy Gancao harmonizes the herbs. This is an excellent formula for warming the spleen, strengthening the stomach, moving qi, and promoting diuresis.
Daju Pi Decoction - Warming and Transforming Damp-Heat Method - Yu's Experience Formula
* Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chen Pi, 陈皮): 3 qian
* Poria (Fu Ling, 茯苓) red core removed: 3 qian
* Lapidis Talci (Hua Shi, 滑石) flown: 4 qian
* Semen Arecae Infusion (Bing Lang Zhi, 槟榔汁): 4 spoons, taken separately
* Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Cang Zhu, 苍术): 1 qian
* Polyporus (Zhu Ling, 猪苓): 2 qian
* Radix Alismatis (Ze Xie, 泽泻): 1.5 qian
* Ramulus Cinnamomi (Gui Zhi, 桂枝) official grade: 3 fen
[Commentary by Xiu] At the onset of damp-warmth, if damp is heavy and heat is light, or if damp suppresses latent heat, one must first use acrid-bland warming methods to open the damp and reveal the heat. Therefore, Chenpi and Cangzhu are used as sovereign drugs to warm the middle and dry dampness. Minister drugs Er Ling (Fuling and Zhuling), Hua Shi, and Ze Xie promote qi transformation and diuresis. Assistant drug Binglang guides downward. Guizhi acts as a guide for all herbs. Together, they form an excellent formula for warming and unblocking middle qi and guiding dampness downward.
Guizhi Ju Pi Decoction - Warming and Regulating Ying and Wei Method - Yu's Experience Formula
* Ramulus Cinnamomi (Gui Zhi, 桂枝) tip, honey-fried: 1 qian
* Radix Paeoniae Alba (Bai Shao, 白芍) raw: 1.5 qian
* Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (Sheng Jiang, 生姜) fresh: 1 qian
* Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chen Pi, 陈皮) stir-fried: 1.5 qian
* Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparatae (Gan Cao, 甘草): 6 fen
* Fructus Jujubae (Da Zao, 大枣) red, pitted: 2 pieces
[Commentary by Xiu] Guizhi Tang was originally designed for wind-strike of the Taiyang meridian. Minister drug Chenpi harmonizes the middle, dispersing the cloying stagnation of Gancao and Dazao. Since the dosage of Baishao is heavier than Gui Zhi, it becomes an excellent formula for spleen affected by cold-dampness, regulating Ying and Wei.
Xiangsha Lizhong Decoction - Warming and Invigorating Spleen Yang Method - Yu's Experience Formula
* Radix Aucklandiae (Mu Xiang, 木香): 1 qian
* Radix Ginseng (Renshen, 人参) Eastern Japan variety: 1.5 qian
* Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatus (Pao Jiang, 炮姜) stir-fried Sichuan ginger: 1 qian
* Fructus Amomi Rotundus (Sha Ren, 砂仁): 1 qian
* Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae Freshly Dried (Bai Zhu, 白术) stir-fried: 2 qian
* Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparatae (Gan Cao, 甘草): 8 fen
[Commentary by Xiu] The spleen is a yin organ, suitable for warming and invigoration. If too much cold drink is consumed in summer, cold-dampness remains internally, causing upper vomiting and lower diarrhea, cold limbs, faint pulse, extreme exhaustion of spleen yang, and inability of middle qi to support. In such cases, Lizhong Tang is the correct treatment. Therefore, Renshen, Baizhu, and Gancao are used as sovereign drugs to secure and tonify middle qi. Ganjiang is used as minister drug to warm and strengthen middle yang. Xiang and Sha are used as assistants for their aromatic nature to delight the spleen, allowing spleen yang to flourish. Together, they form an excellent formula for lifting, tonifying, warming, and transporting, and warming and cultivating middle yang.
Li Yin Decoction - Warming and Regulating Spleen Yin Method - Yu's Experience Formula, recorded in Jingyue's *New Formulas Eight Arrays*
* Radix Rehmanniae Preparatae (Shu Di Huang, 熟地黄) straight cut: 4 qian, mixed with 4 fen Sha Ren and pounded
* Radix Angelicae Sinensis (Dang Gui, 当归) body: 2 qian
* Rhizoma Zingiberis (Gan Jiang, 干姜) stir-fried yellow: 6 fen
* Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparatae (Gan Cao, 甘草): 1 qian
[Commentary by Xiu] The upper jiao belongs to yang, the lower jiao to yin, while the middle jiao is the pivot of yin-yang intersection. If spleen yang is deficient but stomach yin can still support, it is treated with Xiangsha Lizhong Decoction. That is settled. If spleen yin is deficient but stomach yang can still support, Dang Gui and Shu Di should be used as sovereign drugs for their sweet-moist nature to harmonize yin. Ganjiang and Gancao are used as assistants for their acrid-sweet nature to harmonize yang. Thus, Jingyue called it a modified form of Lizhong Tang, differing in method but same in principle from Hei Di Huang Wan. This is an excellent formula for nourishing spleen yin and warming/moving stomach yang.
Xiangsha Erchen Decoction - Warming and Moving Stomach Yang Method - Yu's Experience Formula
* Lignum Santali Albi (Tan Xiang, 檀香): 5 fen
* Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparatum (Ban Xia, 半夏) with ginger: 3 qian
* Poria (Fu Ling, 茯苓) Zhejiang variety: 3 qian
* Fructus Amomi Rotundus (Sha Ren, 砂仁): 8 fen, crushed
* Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chen Pi, 陈皮) stir-fried: 2 qian
* Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparatae (Gan Cao, 甘草): 5 fen
[Commentary by Xiu] Retained fluid in the stomach or injury from cold food often leads to chest stuffiness, epigastric pain, and vomiting of yellow water. Common people know this as liver qi pain, but it is actually epigastric pain. It is most common in women, though men also suffer. It is caused by eating too much fruit, cold wine, or cold dishes. Both cold and heat sensations can trigger it. Therefore, Erchen Tang is used as sovereign drug to gently warm stomach yang. Fuling is used as minister drug to transform qi and eliminate fluid. Xiang and Sha are used as assistants to move qi and relieve pain. Gancao is used as envoy to harmonize herbs. This is an excellent formula for warming/moving stomach yang and eliminating accumulated fluid. For severe pain, add 2 fen Bai Kou powder mixed with 4 qian Valvina Arcaea (Wa Leng Zi). For severe vomiting, add 8 fen Kong Yan Dan (controlled phlegm pill, wrapped and decocted) to quickly remove fluid.
Weiling Decoction - Warming and Draining Stomach Dampness Method - Yu's Experience Formula, recorded in Jingyue's *Ancient Formulas Eight Arrays*
* Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Cang Zhu, 苍术): 1.5 qian
* Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chen Pi, 陈皮) stir-fried: 1.5 qian
* Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae Freshly Dried (Bai Zhu, 白术): 1.5 qian
* Radix Alismatis (Ze Xie, 泽泻): 1.5 qian
* Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis (Hou Po, 厚朴): 2 qian
* Pericarpium Benincasae (Fu Ling, 茯苓) with skin: 4 qian
* Polyporus (Zhu Ling, 猪苓): 1.5 qian
* Ramulus Cinnamomi (Gui Zhi, 桂枝) official grade: 4 fen
[Commentary by Xiu] Indulging in fruits in summer leads to internal accumulation of cold-dampness, often causing upper vomiting and lower diarrhea, cold limbs, and hidden pulse. This is because stomach yang is invaded by cold water, affecting spleen yang, preventing its healthy transport. Therefore, Er Zhu (Cang Zhu and Bai Zhu), Chenpi, and Houpo are used as sovereign drugs to warm the stomach and strengthen the spleen. Er Ling (Fuling and Zhuling) and Ze Xie are used as minister drugs to guide water downward, promoting urination to solidify stools. Guizhi is used as assistant to warm qi and disperse cold, acting as a guide for all herbs. This is an excellent formula for warming/unblocking stomach yang and acrid-bland draining dampness. For severe vomiting, add 3 qian Banxia with ginger and 1 spoon Ginger Juice (Sheng Jiang Zhi), taken separately. For severe abdominal pain, add 3 fen Zijian (purple gold tablet), melted and taken. For calf muscle cramps, add 1.5 qian Mugua (Chaenomeles Fruit) wine-fried and 3 qian Luan Shi Teng (Trachelospermum Vine).
Baizhu Hezhong Decoction - Gently Harmonizing Spleen and Stomach Method - Yu's Experience Formula
* Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae Freshly Dried (Bai Zhu, 白术): 1.5 qian
* Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chen Pi, 陈皮) Xin Hui variety, stir-fried: 1.5 qian
* Massae Fermentatae Medicinales焦 (Jiu Qu, 神曲): 3 qian
* Flos Bergamotae (Fo Shou Hua, 佛手花): 5 fen
* Poria (Fu Ling, 茯苓) Zhejiang variety: 4 qian
* Fructus Amomi Rotundus (Sha Ren, 砂仁): 1 qian, crushed
* Larva Bombyx Batryticatus (Wu Gu Chong, 五谷虫): 3 qian, rinsed clean
* Oryza Sativa (Chen Cang Mi, 陈仓米) wrapped in lotus leaf: 3 qian
[Commentary by Xiu] Spleen and stomach govern middle qi. Overuse of digestive/breaking-down herbs leads to middle qi deficiency. Deficiency leads to stagnation. Stagnation leads to middle fullness, even becoming distension. This is mostly due to dampness gathering causing fullness and qi blocking causing bloating. The center is empty with no substance, pressing feels soft, and it does not hurt. Bloating may come and go. The disease is called Qi Deficiency Middle Fullness. Dampness syndromes with food retention are most common in mid-life. Medication is difficult. Pure tonification worsens fullness; resolving dispersion further weakens middle qi. Therefore, Fuling and Baizhu are used as sovereign drugs to cultivate the middle and transform dampness. Chenpi and Sha Ren are used as minister drugs to move the middle. Shenqu and Wugu Chong are used as assistants to guide out stagnation. Fo Shou Hua is used as assistant to diffuse qi and widen distension. Chen Cang Mi wrapped in lotus leaf is used as envoy to raise clear qi and harmonize the stomach. Tonifying without stagnation, diffusing without depletion. This is an excellent formula for gently harmonizing spleen and stomach and smoothing qi mechanism. If cold qi is excessive, add 8 fen Pao Jiang (stir-fried dried ginger), 5 fen Wu Mei (Evodia Fruit), and 3 fen Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark). If damp-heat is excessive, add 6 fen Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome) and 1 qian Hou Po (Magnolia Bark). If accompanied by constipation, swallow 3 qian Zhishi Daozhi Wan (Immature Bitter Orange and Stagnation-Guiding Pill) because bloating often carries old stagnation. After purgation, use this decoction gradually to grind away the stagnation. If collateral stasis is present, add 1.5 qian Xin Jiang (New Crimson) and 3 qian Xuan Fu Hua (Inula Flower, wrapped and decocted), and 5 cun Green Onion Tube (Qing Cong Guan), taken separately.
Jiawei Xiao Jianzhong Decoction - Gently Harmonizing Liver and Spleen Method - Yu's Experience Formula, recorded in *Yimen Falü*
* Radix Paeoniae Alba (Bai Shao, 白芍) raw: 3 qian
* Maltose (Yi Tang, 饴糖): 3 qian
* Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (Sheng Jiang, 生姜) fresh, honey-roasted: 8 fen
* Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae White Layer and Collateral (Ju Bai Luo, 橘白络) each: 1 qian, stir-fried
* Ramulus Cinnamomi (Gui Zhi, 桂枝) Sichuan variety, honey-fried: 1 qian
* Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparatae (Gan Cao, 甘草): 8 fen
* Fructus Jujubae (Da Zao, 大枣) red, pitted: 2 pieces
* Fructus Amomi Rotundus (Sha Ren, 砂仁): 6 fen, taken separately
[Commentary by Xiu] The spleen governs middle qi and controls blood. It permeates the four sides and transports up and down, providing fluids for the stomach, and governing the body's Ying-yin and Wei-yang. When middle qi stands firm, Ying and Wei flow smoothly without losing harmony, and yin-yang cycle without extreme deviation. If aromatic-dry herbs are overused, consuming qi and seizing yin, Ying and Wei become disharmonious. Symptoms often resemble malaria with alternating chills and fever, limb pain, vexed heat in hands and feet, dry throat and mouth, urgency and abdominal pain, and signs of liver overacting on spleen. Therefore, Baishao, Gancao, and Yi Tang are used as sovereign drugs. Sour combined with sweet generates yin to ease liver urgency. Gui Zhi, Sheng Jiang, and Da Zao are used as minister drugs. Sweet combined with acrid generates yang to strengthen spleen qi. Ginseng and Baizhu are not added to support qi for fear of assisting the horizontal rebellion of liver qi. Hence it is called 'Small' Jianzhong. Yu followed Yu Xichang's method, adding Ju Bai (orange peel white layer) and Ju Luo (collateral) as assistants, and Sha Ren as envoy, deeply worrying that sweet medicines might be too cloying, causing qi stagnation and middle fullness. This is an excellent method for gently harmonizing liver and spleen and regulating Ying and Wei.
Shenxiang Shengzhu Decoction - Heat Unblocking Spleen and Kidney Method - Yu's Experience Formula, recorded in Jingyue's *New Formulas Eight Arrays*
* Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Bai Zhu, 白术) winter harvest, stir-fried fragrant: 5 qian
* Ramulus Cinnamomi (Rou Gui, 肉桂) purple variety: 1 qian
* Fructus Cardamomi (Ding Xiang, 丁香) male: 2 fen
* Rhizoma Zingiberis (Sheng Jiang, 生姜) Sichuan variety, stir-fried yellow: 2 qian
* Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chen Pi, 陈皮) stir-fried: 1 qian
* Fructus Amomi Rotundus (Sha Ren, 砂仁): 6 fen
[Commentary by Xiu] Indulging in raw, cold, greasy, and oily foods, or overusing breaking-down herbs, or cold striking the Taiyin meridian, damaging spleen and kidney yang, results in symptoms of upper vomiting and lower diarrhea, chest/diaphragm fullness, hypochondriac distension and pain, timid qi, mental fatigue, sunken orbits, emaciated calves, cold limbs, faint pulse seemingly hidden, and critical condition. Therefore, Baizhu and Ganjiang are used as sovereign drugs to warm and cultivate spleen yang. Rougui is used as minister drug to warm the kidney. Chenpi is used as assistant to harmonize the middle. The brilliance lies in using Ding and Sha as envoys to stimulate qi mechanism and accelerate the intense yang-unblocking nature of Jiang and Gui. This is the main formula for heat-unblocking spleen and kidney and cold-damp cholera.
[Commentary by Lian] This formula treats direct invasion of yin-cold, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, epigastric fullness, and cold limbs, commonly known as 'Empty Calf Sha Syndrome'. One dose brings relief, two doses cure. It has been effective in use. Do not fear using heavy Baizhu just because of false fullness and bloating. For severe vomiting, add one ladle of Ginger Juice (Sheng Jiang Zhi), taken separately. For tendon spasms, add 2 qian Mugua (Chaenomeles Fruit) wine-fried and 5 qian Luan Shi Teng (Trachelospermum Vine). But one must distinguish white slippery tongue coating, or black moist enlarged tongue, clear urine, and stool with raw vegetable juice fishy odor before using this formula for emergency rescue.
Fuzi Lizhong Decoction - Heat Strengthening Spleen and Kidney Method - Yu's Experience Formula
* Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata (Fu Zi, 附子) black block: 5 qian
* Radix Ginseng (Renshen, 人参) Biezhi variety: 3 qian
* Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparatae (Gan Cao, 甘草): 8 fen
* Rhizoma Zingiberis (Gan Jiang, 干姜) Sichuan variety, stir-fried yellow: 3 qian
* Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Bai Zhu, 白术) winter harvest, stir-fried fragrant: 3 qian
* Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (Sheng Jiang, 生姜) juice: one ladle, taken separately
[Commentary by Xiu] Sudden invasion of yin-cold, eating raw/cold food, sudden violent onset, abrupt vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, cold extremities, spontaneous cold sweat, muscle twitching, mental fatigue and timidity, head and neck turning cold as ice, whole body turning blue-purple leading to death. Only by suddenly administering pure yang medicines to swiftly sweep turbid yin and restore primordial yang of spleen and kidney can rebirth be achieved. Therefore, Fuzi and Ganjiang are used as sovereign drugs for their acrid-hot nature to pursue yang. Renshen and Baizhu are used as minister drugs to cultivate middle and boost qi. Zhi Gancao is used as assistant to harmonize herbs. Sheng Jiang Zhi is used as envoy to remove yin turbidity and unblock stomach yang. The brilliance lies in Ganjiang warming the yin of Taiyin, while Sheng Jiang disseminates the yang of Yangming, making Renshen, Baizhu, Jiang, and Fuzi achieve success faster. This is a crucial formula for heat-strengthening spleen and kidney and emergency rescue of returning yang.
[Commentary by Lian] The spleen governs controlling blood. Without cold striking Taiyin, blood must congeal. In Wang Qingren's *Correction of Errors in Medical Forest*, he adds Tao Ren (Peach Kernel) and Hong Hua (Carthamus Flower) to the formula. I follow his method, adding 9 Guang Tao Ren (Peach Kernel) and 8 fen Du Hong Hua (Safflower), and moxa Zhongwan and Dantian points. Treatment is often effective. However, those with sweating like oil and continuous panting cannot be saved.
[Commentary by Rongzhai] Cheng Zhongling said: "Warming means warming the middle. When organs are invaded by cold, warming agents are necessary; as the Classics say, 'Cold should be treated with heat.' However, there are errors where warming should be applied but isn't, where warming shouldn't be applied but is, where warming is applied but the method is wrong, and where warming is applied without considering the patient, syndrome, or timing. These must be examined carefully. Among the killing energies of heaven and earth, none is worse than Cold Damage. If it enters from the exterior, warming and dispersing at the beginning removes the disease. If it does not enter from the exterior but directly strikes the yin meridians, it is called Direct Strike Cold; symptoms include aversion to cold, cold extremities, cold breath from mouth/nose, spontaneous cold sweat, vomiting/diarrhea, acute abdominal pain, cold extremities with no pulse, clear grain diarrhea, various cold symptoms appearing together, requiring warming treatment. Or cold-damp infiltration causing limb stiffness and painful bi, also requiring warming dispersal; this is when warming should be applied. But why are there cases where warming should not be applied? For example, in Cold Damage, evil heat transmits to the interior, causing dry mouth/throat, constipation, delirium, macules/jaundice, mania, epistaxis/vomiting/hematochezia; these definitely should not be warmed. Furthermore, if heat is deep, cold extremities progress, tongue is dry/withered but thirst is unknown, or heat-complicated diarrhea with coma/weak qi, or pulse is choppy/reverse and unresponsive, color like smoked tobacco, form like dead wood, silent nearby, looking like separation, severely depleted blood/qi, contracted tendons/vessels, only dry lips/teeth/tongue unresolved; this is true heat false cold syndrome. The secular world does not understand the principle of hyperactivity harming and controlling, mistakenly administering hot agents, which fail upon swallowing. Moreover, there is internal accumulation of depressed heat, body not averse to cold, damp-heat fullness, skin反而 cold,"