不可纯用寒凉药，必于寒凉药中用辛味并温，如酒浸炒凉药、酒煮黄连之类。
有热，四物汤加炒栀子、升麻、秦艽、阿胶珠。
下血属虚，当归散四物汤加炮干姜、升麻。
又方∶用白芷五倍子丸。
凡用血药，不可单行单止。
有风邪下陷，宜升提之。盖风伤肝、肝生血故也。有湿伤血，宜行湿消热可也。
内经谓身热即死，寒则生。此亦是大概言之，必兼证详之则可。今岂无身热生寒而死者。
脉沉小流连或微者，易治。
脉浮大洪数者，难愈。宜滑不宜弦。
仲景治痢，可温者五法，可清者十法。或解表，或利小便，或待其自已，区分易治难治极密。但与泻
同，立法不分。学人当辨之。
大孔痛，一曰温之，一曰清之。
久病、身冷、自汗、脉沉小者，宜温。
暴病、身热、脉浮洪者，宜清。
有可吐者、有可下者、有可汗者。
初得时，原气未虚，必推荡之，此通用之法。稍久气虚，则不可。
先水泄，后脓血，此脾传肾，贼邪难愈。
先脓血，后水泄，此肾传脾，微邪易愈。
如豆汁者，湿也。盖脾胃为水谷之海，无物不受，常兼四脏。故如五色之相杂，当先通利，此迎而夺之
之义。如虚者，亦宜审之。
因热而作，不可用巴豆等药。如伤冷物者，或可用，亦宜谨之。
又有时疫作痢，一方一家之内，上下传染相似，却宜明运气之胜，复以治之。
不可单纯使用寒凉性质的药物，必须在寒凉药中加入辛味且性温的药物，例如用酒浸泡或炒制的寒凉药、用酒煮的黄连等。
若有热象，可用四物汤加入炒栀子、升麻、秦艽、阿胶珠。
下血属于虚证，可用当归散（即四物汤加炮干姜、升麻）。
另一个方子：使用白芷五倍子丸。
凡是使用止血药，不可单独使用以止血为目的的药物（意指需结合病因治疗，不可见血止血）。
若因风邪下陷所致，应当采用升提法。因为风邪损伤肝脏，而肝主生血。若因湿邪损伤血液，应当采用祛湿清热的方法。
《内经》说身热则死，寒则生。这也是一般性的说法，必须结合兼证详细分析才可以判断。如今难道没有身热却存活、身寒却死亡的例子吗？
脉象沉小、流连或微弱的，容易治疗。
脉象浮大、洪数有力的，难以痊愈。脉象宜滑利而不宜弦紧。
张仲景治疗痢疾，可温治的有五种方法，可清治的有十种方法。有的解表，有的利小便，有的等待其自愈，区分易治和难治非常严密。但这与泄泻相同，立法时没有区分清楚。学习者应当辨别这一点。
肛门疼痛，一种情况是温治，一种是清治。
久病、身体冷、自汗、脉象沉小的，适宜温治。
暴病（新发病）、身体热、脉象浮洪的，适宜清治。
有的可以用吐法，有的可以用下法，有的可以用汗法。
刚患病时，元气尚未虚弱，必须推荡邪气，这是通用之法。稍久后气虚，则不可以这样。
先出现水样腹泻，后出现脓血便，这是脾传肾，贼邪难愈。
先出现脓血便，后出现水样腹泻，这是肾传脾，微邪易愈。
如豆汁样的，是湿邪。因为脾胃是水谷之海，无物不受，常兼涉四脏。所以像五色相杂一样，应当先通利，这是“迎而夺之”的意义。如果是虚证，也应当仔细审察。
因热邪发作的，不可使用巴豆等热性药物。如果是伤于冷物引起的，或许可以使用，但也应当谨慎。
还有时疫引起的痢疾，一方一家之内，上下传染症状相似，这时应当明确运气胜复的变化，再进行治疗。
One must not solely employ cold-natured herbs; rather, acrid and warm herbs should be added to the cold-natured ones, such as cold herbs soaked or stir-fried in wine, or Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连) boiled in wine.
If there is heat, Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) with stir-fried Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi, 栀子), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma, 升麻), Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix (Qinjiao, 秦艽), and prepared Eucommiae Cortex (Duzhong, 注：原文为阿胶珠 Ejiao Zhu, Donkey-hide Gelatin Pearl) may be used.
Lower rectal bleeding due to deficiency can be treated with Danggui San (Angelica Powder), which is Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) plus roasted Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) and Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma, 升麻).
Another prescription: use Baizhi Wupeizi Wan (Angelica Dahurica and Chinese Tallow Tree Galla Pill).
When using blood-stopping herbs, one must not act solely to stop bleeding without addressing the root cause.
If wind-pathogen has sunk downward, lifting and raising methods are appropriate. This is because wind damages the Liver, and the Liver generates blood. If dampness damages the blood, resolving dampness and clearing heat is suitable.
The *Neijing* states that body heat leads to death, while cold leads to survival. This is a general statement; one must examine accompanying symptoms for accurate judgment. Are there not cases today where body heat results in survival and cold results in death?
A pulse that is deep, small, lingering, or faint indicates an easy-to-treat condition.
A pulse that is floating, large, surging, or rapid indicates a difficult-to-cure condition. A slippery pulse is favorable, whereas a wiry pulse is unfavorable.
Zhang Zhongjing’s treatment of dysentery includes five warming methods and ten cooling methods. Some involve releasing the exterior, some promote urination, and some await spontaneous resolution; the distinction between easily treatable and difficult conditions is extremely precise. However, this overlaps with diarrhea, and the legislative principles are not clearly distinguished. Students should differentiate these.
Pain in the anus requires either warming or cooling treatments.
For chronic illness, cold body, spontaneous sweating, and a deep, small pulse, warming is appropriate.
For acute illness, hot body, and a floating, surging pulse, cooling is appropriate.
Some cases may be treated with emesis, some with purgation, and some with diaphoresis.
At the onset, when primordial qi is not yet deficient, pushing out the pathogen is necessary; this is a general method. After a short time, if qi becomes deficient, this method should not be used.
Watery diarrhea preceding pus and blood indicates transmission from Spleen to Kidney; this is a "hostile pathogen" and is difficult to cure.
Pus and blood preceding watery diarrhea indicates transmission from Kidney to Spleen; this is a "mild pathogen" and is easy to cure.
Stool resembling bean juice indicates dampness. Since the Spleen and Stomach are the sea of water and grain, receiving all substances, they often involve the four other zang organs. Thus, like mixed colors, one should first promote unblocking and draining; this follows the principle of "meeting and depriving" (attacking the pathogen at its source). If it is a deficiency pattern, careful examination is also required.
If caused by heat, toxic hot herbs such as Crotonis Fructus (Badou, 巴豆) must not be used. If caused by injury from cold foods, they might be used, but caution is advised.
Additionally, epidemic dysentery, where infection spreads within a region or family with similar symptoms, requires understanding the fluctuations of climate qi (Yunqi) before treating accordingly.