补须一方实深取之，稀按其 ，以极出其邪气。一方虚浅刺之，以养其脉，疾按其 ，
无使
邪气得入。邪气来也紧而疾，谷气来也徐而和。脉实者，深刺之，以泄其气。脉虚者，浅刺
之，使精气无得出，以养其脉，独出其邪气。刺诸痛者，其脉皆实。故曰从腰以上者，手太
阴阳明皆主之。从腰以下者，足太阴阳明皆主之。病在上者下取之，病在下者高取之。病在
头者取之足，病在腰者取之 。病生于头者头重，生于手者臂重，生于足得足重。治病者先
刺其病所从生者也。春气在毛，夏气在皮肤，秋气在分肉，冬气在筋骨，刺此病各以其时为
齐。故刺肥人者秋冬之齐，刺瘦人者春夏之齐。病痛阴也痛而以手按之不得者阴也，深刺之
。病在上者阳也，病在下者阴也。痒者阳也，浅刺之。病先起于阴者，先治其阴而后治其阳
；病先起于阳者，先治其阳而后治其阴。刺热厥者留针反为寒，刺寒厥者留针反为热。刺热
厥者二阴一阳，刺寒厥者二阳一阴，所谓二阴者刺二阴也，一阳者刺一阳也。久病者邪气入
深，刺此者深内而久留之，间日而后刺之。必先调其左右，去其血脉，刺道毕矣。凡刺之法
，必察其形气，形肉未脱，少气而脉又躁，躁厥者必为缪刺之。脉之所居，深不见者刺之，
微内针而久留之，以致其空脉气也，脉浅者勿刺。按绝其脉乃刺之，无令精出，独出其邪气
耳。所谓三刺则谷气出者，先浅刺绝皮以出阳邪，再刺则阴邪出者，少益深，绝皮致肌肉，
未入分肉间也，已入分肉之间，则谷气出。故刺法曰∶始浅刺之，以逐邪气，而来血气；后
刺深之，以致阴气之邪，最后刺极深之，以下谷气，此之谓也。
补法适用于实证，需深刺，少按压针孔，以彻底排出邪气。虚证则宜浅刺，以养护经脉，快速按压针孔，防止邪气侵入。邪气到来时感觉紧促而急迫，谷气（正气）到来时感觉徐缓而柔和。脉象实者，深刺以泄其气；脉象虚者，浅刺，使精气不致外泄，以养护经脉，单独排出邪气。针刺各种痛症，其脉象皆属实。所以说：腰部以上，手太阴肺经和手阳明大肠经主治；腰部以下，足太阴脾经和足阳明胃经主治。病在上部的，取下部穴位治疗；病在下部的，取上部穴位治疗。病在头部的，取足部穴位治疗；病在腰部的，取合穴治疗。病生于头部则头部沉重，生于手臂则手臂沉重，生于足部则足部沉重。治病要先针刺疾病产生的根源部位。春气在毫毛，夏气在皮肤，秋气在分肉之间，冬气在筋骨，针刺这些病症要根据季节来确定深浅标准。所以针刺肥胖的人，采用秋冬的深浅标准；针刺消瘦的人，采用春夏的深浅标准。病痛属阴，用手按压找不到痛点的是阴证，需深刺。病在上部属阳，病在下部属阴。瘙痒属阳，需浅刺。病先从阴分起发的，先治阴分后治阳分；病先从阳分起发的，先治阳分后治阴分。针刺热厥证，留针反而产生寒感；针刺寒厥证，留针反而产生热感。针刺热厥证，取二阴经一阳经；针刺寒厥证，取二阳经一阴经。所谓“二阴”，即刺两条阴经；“一阳”，即刺一条阳经。久病者邪气深入，针刺此类病症要深进针且长时间留针，隔日再刺。必须先调理左右气血，去除瘀滞的血脉，针刺的原则就完备了。大凡针刺的方法，必须观察患者的形体和气色，如果形体肌肉未脱失，但气少且脉象躁动，出现厥逆症状的，必须用缪刺法。脉位深在、表面看不见的，要刺之，微进针并长时间留针，以引导空虚脉中的正气；脉位浅表的不要刺。按压阻断其脉道后再刺，不让精气外泄，只排出邪气罢了。所谓“三刺”后谷气出，是指先浅刺穿透表皮以排出阳邪，第二次刺稍加深，穿透表皮到达肌肉层，但未进入分肉之间，一旦进入分肉之间，谷气就会出来。所以针刺法则说：开始浅刺以驱逐邪气，引动血气；后来深刺以引出阴分之邪，最后刺至极深以引导谷气，说的就是这种情况。
For tonification in cases of excess, deep insertion is required; the puncture site should be pressed rarely to allow the pathogenic factor to be completely expelled. For deficiency, shallow insertion is used to nourish the meridians, and the puncture site should be pressed quickly to prevent the pathogenic factor from entering. When the pathogenic factor arrives, the sensation is tight and rapid; when the Guqi (Grain Qi, representing healthy qi) arrives, the sensation is slow and harmonious. If the pulse is excess, deep insertion is used to drain the qi. If the pulse is deficiency, shallow insertion is used so that essence and qi are not lost, thereby nourishing the meridians and exclusively expelling the pathogenic factor. In needling various pain conditions, the pulses are all excess. Therefore it is said: Above the waist, the Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian and Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian govern these areas. Below the waist, the Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian and Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian govern these areas. For diseases located above, points below should be selected; for diseases located below, points above should be selected. For diseases in the head, points on the feet should be selected; for diseases in the waist, He-sea points should be selected. Diseases originating in the head cause heaviness in the head; those originating in the arms cause heaviness in the arms; those originating in the feet cause heaviness in the feet. To treat disease, one must first needle the site where the disease originated. The Qi of Spring resides in the hair follicles, the Qi of Summer in the skin, the Qi of Autumn in the muscle layers, and the Qi of Winter in the sinews and bones. When needling these diseases, the depth should correspond to the season. Thus, for obese individuals, the depth standard of Autumn and Winter is used; for thin individuals, the depth standard of Spring and Summer is used. Pain is Yin; if pressing with the hand does not locate a specific tender point, it is a Yin syndrome requiring deep insertion. Diseases above are Yang; diseases below are Yin. Itching is Yang and requires shallow insertion. If the disease originates in the Yin aspect, treat the Yin first, then the Yang; if it originates in the Yang aspect, treat the Yang first, then the Yin. In needling Re Jue (Heat Jue), retaining the needle induces a cold sensation; in needling Han Jue (Cold Jue), retaining the needle induces a heat sensation. For Re Jue, two Yin meridians and one Yang meridian are selected; for Han Jue, two Yang meridians and one Yin meridian are selected. "Two Yin" means needling two Yin meridians; "one Yang" means needling one Yang meridian. For chronic diseases where the pathogenic factor has penetrated deeply, deep insertion and long retention are required, followed by treatment every other day. One must first regulate the Qi and Blood of the left and right sides, remove stagnant blood vessels, and the principles of needling will be complete. Generally, in needling, one must observe the patient's form and Qi. If the flesh has not wasted away but there is little Qi and the pulse is restless, accompanied by Jue (reversal/cold extremities), Miu Ci (Lateral Puncture/Mirror Needling) must be used. For pulses located deeply and not visible superficially, needling is performed with slight insertion and long retention to guide the Qi of the empty vessel; for superficial pulses, do not needle. Press to occlude the pulse before needling, preventing the loss of essence and exclusively expelling the pathogenic factor. The concept of "three insertions" leading to the emergence of Guqi refers to: first, shallow insertion through the epidermis to expel Yang pathogens; second, slightly deeper insertion through the epidermis to reach the muscle layer but not yet into the intermuscular spaces, at which point Yin pathogens are expelled; once the intermuscular spaces are entered, Guqi emerges. Therefore, the needling method states: initially, shallow insertion is used to drive out pathogenic factors and mobilize Blood and Qi; subsequently, deeper insertion is used to draw out Yin pathogens; finally, extreme depth is reached to guide Guqi. This is what is meant.