公孙冲脉胃心胸。内关阴维下总同。临泣胆经连带脉。阳维目锐外关逢。后 督内连
颈。申脉跷络亦相通。列缺肺任行肺系。阴跷照海膈喉咙。
人身络穴一十五。我今逐一从头举。手太阴络为列缺。手少阴络即通里。手厥阴络为内
关。
足少阳络为光明。足太阴络公孙寄。足少阴络名大钟。足厥阴络蠡沟配。阳督之络号长强。
阴任之络号尾翳。脾之大络为大包。十五络脉君须记。
肺寅大卯胃辰经。脾巳心午小未中。申膀酉肾心包戌。亥三子胆丑肝通。
甲出丘墟乙太冲。丙归腕骨是原中。丁出神门原内过。戊胃冲阳气可通。己出太白庚合
谷。
府会中脘脏章门。筋会阳陵髓绝骨。骨会大杼气膻中。血会膈俞太渊脉。
肝募期门脾章门。肾募京门心巨阙。天枢关元大小肠。胆募当记在日月。
(马丹阳歌)
三里内庭穴。曲池合谷截。委中配承山。太冲昆仑穴。环跳及阳陵。通里并列缺。合担
用法
都开彻。治病显奇功。有如汤泼雪。学人细推寻。神功无尽竭。三里在膝下。三寸两筋间。
能通心腹胀。善治胃中寒。肠鸣并泄泻。腿胫膝肿酸。伤寒羸瘦损。气蛊及诸般。年过三旬
后。针灸眼有光。内庭次指外。本属足阳明。能治四肢厥。喜静恶闻声。瘾疹咽喉痛。数欠
及牙疼。气虚不能食。针着便惺惺。曲池拱手取。屈肘骨边求。善治肘中痛。偏风手不收。
挽弓开不得。筋缓莫梳头。喉痹从欲死。发热更无休。遍身风癣癞。针着实时瘳。合谷在虎
口。两指岐骨间。骨痛并面肿。疟病热还寒。齿龋鼻衄血。口噤不开言。针入五分深。令人
即便安。委中曲瞅里。横纹脉中央。腰痛不能举。沉沉引脊梁。酸疼筋莫展。风痹发无常。
膝头难伸屈。针入即安康。承山名鱼腹。 腿分肉间。善治腰疼痛。痔疾大便难。香港脚并膝
肿。展转战疼酸。霍乱及转筋。穴中刺便安。太冲足大指。节后二寸中。动脉知生死。能医
惊痫风。咽喉腹心胀。两足不能动。七疝偏坠肿。眼目似云蒙。亦能疗腰痛。针下有神功。
昆仑足外踝。跟骨上边寻。转筋腰尻痛。暴喘满冲心。举步行不得。一动即呻吟。若欲求安
稳。须于此穴针。环跳在髀枢。侧卧屈足取。腰折莫能顾。冷风并湿痹。腿胯连 痛。转则
重嗟吁。若人针灸后。顷刻痛消除。阳陵归膝下。外廉一寸中。膝重并麻木。冷痹及偏风。
举足不能起。坐卧似衰翁。针入六分止。医功妙不穷。通里腕骨后。一寸五分中。欲言声
不
有神功。列缺腕侧上。次指手交叉。善疗偏头患。遍身风痹麻。痰涎频拥口。口噤不开牙。
若能明补泻。应手速如拿。
上十二穴。薛氏以为扁鹊所传。按司马子长为扁鹊作传。不言其有针书传世。盖薛氏之
根据托
则谬矣。
公孙穴通冲脉,主治胃、心、胸部疾病。内关穴通阴维脉,治疗作用与公孙穴总体相同。足临泣穴属胆经,兼连带脉。阳辅穴(注:原文“外关逢”此处语境通常指外关通阳维,但歌诀中“阳维目锐外关逢”明确指向外关穴,故译为外关)通阳维脉,主治目外眦部疾病。后溪穴通督脉,内连颈部。申脉穴通跷脉,亦相互相通。列缺穴通任脉,行于肺系。照海穴通阴跷脉,主治膈部和喉咙疾病。
人体络穴共有十五个,我现在逐一从头说起。手太阴肺经的络穴是列缺。手少阴心经的络穴是通里。手厥阴心包经的络穴是内关。足少阳胆经的络穴是光明。足太阴脾经的络穴是公孙。足少阴肾经的络穴叫大钟。足厥阴肝经的络穴配伍蠡沟。督脉的络穴叫长强。任脉的络穴叫尾翳(鸠尾)。脾的大络穴是大包。这十五络脉,请您务必牢记。
肺经的气血流注始于寅时,大肠经在卯时,胃经在辰时,脾经在巳时,心经在午时,小肠经在未时,膀胱经在申时,肾经在酉时,心包经在戌时,三焦经在亥时,胆经在子时,肝经在丑时通畅运行。
甲胆丘墟穴为原穴,乙肝太冲穴为原穴。丙小肠腕骨穴是原穴所在。丁心神门穴为原穴,内过(注:此处原文可能有误或特指某种流注关系,通常心经原穴为神门,结合下文戊胃冲阳,此处按原文直译并保留术语)... 戊胃经冲阳穴阳气可通。己脾经太白穴出,庚大肠经合谷穴相合。
六腑之会穴是中脘,五脏之会穴是章门。筋之会穴是阳陵泉,髓之会穴是绝骨。骨之会穴是大杼,气之会穴是膻中。血之会穴是膈俞,脉之会穴是太渊。
肝之募穴为期门,脾之募穴为章门。肾之募穴为京门,心之募穴为巨阙。天枢穴和关元穴分别对应大小肠。胆之募穴应当记住是日月穴。
(马丹阳天星十二穴歌)
足三里、内庭穴,曲池、合谷穴截断病邪。委中穴配承山穴,太冲穴配昆仑穴。环跳穴及阳陵泉穴,通里穴并列缺穴。运用担法与截法,都能彻底通达。治病显现出奇功,如同热汤泼雪般迅速见效。学医之人仔细推求寻究,神效无穷无尽。
足三里穴在膝眼下三寸,两筋之间。能疏通心腹胀满,善于治疗胃中寒证。肠鸣并泄泻,腿胫膝部肿胀酸痛。伤寒导致身体羸弱消瘦,气蛊及各种杂病。年过三十岁以后,针灸此穴可使眼睛明亮有神。
内庭穴在次趾外侧,本属足阳明胃经。能治疗四肢厥冷,患者喜静恶闻声音。瘾疹、咽喉痛,频繁呵欠及牙疼。气虚不能进食,针刺后便精神清醒。
曲池穴拱手取穴,屈肘时在骨头边缘寻找。善于治疗肘部疼痛,偏瘫手部不能收持。拉弓开不得,筋缓无力无法梳头。喉痹痛苦欲死,发热不停止。遍身风癣癞疾,针刺后立即痊愈。
合谷穴在虎口处,两指歧骨之间。治疗骨痛及面部肿胀,疟疾寒热往来。龋齿及鼻衄出血,口噤不能说话。针刺入五分深,令人立即安适。
委中穴在腘窝横纹脉中央。腰痛不能起身,沉重牵引脊梁。酸痛筋脉不能舒展,风痹发作无常。膝盖难以伸屈,针刺即安康。
承山穴名鱼腹,在小腿分肉之间。善于治疗腰疼痛,痔疾大便困难。脚气病及膝肿,辗转反侧战栗酸痛。霍乱及转筋,穴中刺入便安。
太冲穴在足大趾节后二寸处。通过动脉跳动可知生死预后,能医治惊痫风证。咽喉痛、腹部心胀,两足不能活动。七疝偏坠肿胀,眼目如云蒙蔽。也能治疗腰痛,针下有神功。
昆仑穴在足外踝跟骨上边寻找。治疗转筋、腰尻痛,暴喘气满冲心。举步行走不得,一动就呻吟。若想求得安稳,须在此穴针刺。
环跳穴在髀枢处,侧卧屈足取穴。腰部折断不能回顾,冷风及湿痹,腿胯连痛。转动时重重叹息。若人针灸后,顷刻间疼痛消除。
阳陵泉归膝下,外廉一寸中。治疗膝重并麻木,冷痹及偏瘫。举足不能抬起,坐卧似衰翁。针刺入六分停止,医疗功效妙不可穷。
通里穴在腕骨后一寸五分中。欲言声不出...(原文此处似有脱漏,结合上下文意译)... 神功显著。
列缺穴在腕侧上方,两手食指交叉处。善于治疗偏头痛,遍身风痹麻木。痰涎频繁涌出口中,口噤不开牙关。若能明白补泻手法,应手速如拿取般灵验。
Gongsun (B40) connects with the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel), treating diseases of the Stomach, Heart, and Chest. Neiguan (PC6) connects with the Yin Wei Mai (Yin Linking Vessel), its therapeutic scope generally aligns with that of Gongsun. Zulinqi (GB41) belongs to the Gallbladder Meridian and additionally links with the Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel). Waiguan (TE5) connects with the Yang Wei Mai (Yang Linking Vessel), meeting at the outer canthus of the eye. Houxi (SI3) connects with the Du Mai (Governor Vessel), internally linking to the neck. Shenmai (BL62) connects with the Qiao Mai (Heel Vessels), also intercommunicating. Lieque (LU7) connects with the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel), traversing the Lung system. Zhaohai (KI6) connects with the Yin Qiao Mai (Yin Heel Vessel), treating diseases of the Diaphragm and Throat.
There are fifteen Luo-Connecting Points in the human body. I will now enumerate them one by one from the beginning. The Luo-Connecting Point of the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian is Lieque (LU7). The Luo-Connecting Point of the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian is Tongli (HT5). The Luo-Connecting Point of the Hand-Jueyin Pericardium Meridian is Neiguan (PC6). The Luo-Connecting Point of the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian is Guangming (GB37). The Luo-Connecting Point of the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian is Gongsun (SP4). The Luo-Connecting Point of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian is named Dazhong (KI4). The Luo-Connecting Point of the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian is Ligou (LR5). The Luo-Connecting Point of the Du Mai (Governor Vessel) is Changqiang (GV1). The Luo-Connecting Point of the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel) is Wei Yi (CV15, also known as Jiutui). The Large Luo-Connecting Point of the Spleen is Dabao (SP21). You must memorize these fifteen Luo-Connecting Points.
The Qi and Blood flow into the Lung Meridian at Yin hour, the Large Intestine Meridian at Mao hour, the Stomach Meridian at Chen hour, the Spleen Meridian at Si hour, the Heart Meridian at Wu hour, the Small Intestine Meridian at Wei hour, the Bladder Meridian at Shen hour, the Kidney Meridian at You hour, the Pericardium Meridian at Xu hour, the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) Meridian at Hai hour, the Gallbladder Meridian at Zi hour, and the Liver Meridian at Chou hour.
Jia (Gallbladder) originates at Qiuxu (GB40); Yi (Liver) originates at Taichong (LR3). Bing (Small Intestine) returns to Wanggu (SI4) as the Yuan-Source point. Ding (Heart) originates at Shenmen (HT7)... Wu (Stomach) originates at Chongyang (ST42), where Yang Qi can circulate. Ji (Spleen) originates at Taibai (SP3); Geng (Large Intestine) combines at Hegu (LI4).
Zhongwan (CV12) is the Hui-Fusion Point of the Fu organs; Zhangmen (LR13) is the Hui-Fusion Point of the Zang organs. Yanglingquan (GB34) is the Hui-Fusion Point of the Tendons; Jiegu (GB39) is the Hui-Fusion Point of the Marrow. Dazhu (BL11) is the Hui-Fusion Point of the Bones; Danzhong (CV17) is the Hui-Fusion Point of Qi. Geshu (BL17) is the Hui-Fusion Point of Blood; Taiyuan (LU9) is the Hui-Fusion Point of the Mai vessels.
Qimen (LR14) is the Mu-Alarming Point of the Liver; Zhangmen (LR13) is the Mu-Alarming Point of the Spleen. Jingmen (GB25) is the Mu-Alarming Point of the Kidney; Juque (CV14) is the Mu-Alarming Point of the Heart. Tianshu (ST25) and Guanyuan (CV4) correspond to the Large and Small Intestines respectively. Riyue (GB24) should be remembered as the Mu-Alarming Point of the Gallbladder.
(Ma Danyang's Song of the Twelve Heavenly Stars Acupoints)
Zusanli (ST36) and Neiting (ST44); Quchi (LI11) and Hegu (LI4) to intercept pathogenic factors. Weizhong (BL40) paired with Chengshan (BL57); Taichong (LR3) paired with Kunlun (BL60). Huantiao (GB30) and Yanglingquan (GB34); Tongli (HT5) and Lieque (LU7). Applying the Dan (Support) and Cai (Pinch) methods thoroughly brings miraculous cures, effective like hot water pouring over snow. Students must carefully investigate; the divine efficacy is inexhaustible.
Zusanli (ST36) is located three cun below the knee, between the two tendons. It can unblock heart and abdominal fullness, and effectively treats Cold in the Stomach. For intestinal borborygmus and diarrhea, swelling and soreness in the lower legs and knees, emaciation due to Cold Damage, Qi distension, and various miscellaneous diseases: after the age of thirty, needling this point restores vision.
Neiting (ST44) is on the lateral side of the second toe, belonging to the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. It treats cold limbs, aversion to noise, urticaria, sore throat, frequent yawning, and toothache. For Qi deficiency causing inability to eat, needling brings alertness.
Quchi (LI11) is taken with the arm bent, seeking the edge of the elbow bone. It treats elbow pain, hemiplegia with inability to grasp the hand, inability to draw a bow, flaccid tendons unable to comb hair, severe pharyngitis, persistent fever, and generalized skin sores/leprosy; needling provides immediate relief.
Hegu (LI4) is in the tiger's mouth, between the divergence of the first and second metacarpal bones. It treats bone pain, facial swelling, malaria with alternating chills and fever, dental caries, epistaxis, and trismus. Needling five fen deep brings immediate comfort.
Weizhong (BL40) is in the center of the popliteal crease vein. It treats lumbar pain preventing rising, heaviness pulling on the spine, soreness with stiff tendons, irregular wind-bi, and difficulty extending/flexing the knees; needling brings health.
Chengshan (BL57), named "Fish Belly," is between the muscles of the calf. It treats lumbar pain, hemorrhoids with difficult defecation, leg qi (podagra) with knee swelling, restlessness with shivering pain, cholera with muscle spasms; needling brings immediate relief.
Taichong (LR3) is two cun posterior to the junction of the big toe. Pulse movement here indicates life or death prognosis; it treats convulsive epilepsy, sore throat, abdominal/cardiac distension, immobility of both feet, seven types of hernia with unilateral swelling, cloudy vision, and lumbar pain; the needle has divine efficacy.
Kunlun (BL60) is found above the calcaneus at the lateral malleolus. It treats muscle spasms, lumbosacral pain, sudden asthma with chest fullness, inability to walk, and groaning upon movement. For stability, needling this point is required.
Huantiao (GB30) is at the hip joint; take the patient lying on their side with the leg flexed. It treats severe lumbar stiffness preventing looking back, cold wind and damp-bi, pain connecting the thigh and hip, and heavy sighing upon turning. After needling, pain is eliminated instantly.
Yanglingquan (GB34) is located one cun lateral to the lower knee. It treats heavy and numb knees, cold bi and hemiplegia, inability to lift the foot, and a stooped posture like an old man. Needling six fen stops; the medical merit is profound.
Tongli (HT5) is one cun five fen posterior to the wrist bone... [Text fragment] ... divine efficacy is manifest.
Lieque (LU7) is on the radial side of the wrist, found by crossing the index fingers of both hands. It treats migraines, generalized wind-bi and numbness, frequent salivation, and trismus. If one understands tonification and sedation techniques, the effect is swift as grasping.
These twelve acupoints were considered by Xue to be transmitted by Bian Que. However, Sima Qian's biography of Bian Que does not mention any acupuncture texts passed down by him. Thus, Xue's attribution is likely erroneous.