胸中引胁下空痛者。肝虚。也引小腹痛者肾虚也引背胛臂廉皆痛者心火盛也。引胁肋髀外皆
痛者。肝木实也。又有痰结停饮血瘀气滞者。此皆实症也。惟作劳之人。胸痛引背。食少倦
怠。遇劳频发。此为脾肺虚宜培元气若怯弱咳嗽痛引胸中云门中府者防肺痈之患。
腹痛有三部。大腹痛者属太阴脾。当脐痛者。属少阴肾。小腹痛者。属厥阴肝。及冲任大小
肠。各有七情之发六气之害 暴伤饮食。则胃脘先痛。而后入腹。暴触怒气则两胁先痛而后
入腹。血积上焦。脾火熏蒸。则痛从腹而攻上血积下部。胃气下陷。则痛从腹而下坠。伤于
寒者。痛无间断。得热则缓。伤于热者。痛作有时。得寒则减。因饥而痛者。过饥即痛。得食
则止。因食而痛者。多食则痛。得便乃安。吞酸腹痛。为痰郁中焦。痞闷腹痛。为气搏中州
。火痛肠内雷鸣。充斥无定。痛处觉热。心烦口渴。虫痛肚大青筋。饥即咬啮。痛必吐水。
痛定能食。气虚痛者。痛必喜按。呼吸短浅。血虚痛者。痛如芒刺。牵引不宁。
肠痈痛者。腹重而痛。身皮甲错。绕脐生疮小便如淋。
疝气痛者。大腹胀。小腹急。下引睾丸。上冲而痛。痧症痛者。或大吐。或大泻。上下
。厥冷转筋。阴毒痛者。爪甲青。面唇黑。厥逆呕吐。身冷欲绝。积聚痛者。有形可按。痢
妇人腹痛。多有关于经水胎孕者。宜先审之。
胸中牵引胁下出现空痛感的，是肝虚所致；牵引小腹痛的，是肾虚所致；牵引背部、肩胛及手臂外侧均痛的，是心火亢盛所致；牵引胁肋、大腿外侧均痛的，是肝木实证所致。又有因痰结、停饮、血瘀、气滞导致的疼痛，这些都属于实证。只有那些过度劳累的人，胸痛牵引背部，饮食减少且倦怠乏力，遇劳即频繁发作，这是脾肺虚弱，应当培补元气。若是体质怯弱且咳嗽，疼痛牵引至胸中的云门穴和中府穴，则需防范肺痈（肺部化脓性病变）的隐患。
腹痛可分为三个部位。大腹（脐以上腹部）疼痛的，属于太阴脾经病变；肚脐周围疼痛的，属于少阴肾经病变；小腹（脐以下腹部）疼痛的，属于厥阴肝经以及冲脉、任脉、大肠、小肠的病变。这些部位各有七情（喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊）引发的病机和六气（风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火）造成的危害。突然饮食损伤，则胃脘部先痛，随后疼痛传入腹部；突然触动怒气，则两胁部先痛，随后疼痛传入腹部。瘀血积聚在上焦，脾火熏蒸，则疼痛从腹部向上攻冲；瘀血积聚在下部，胃气下陷，则疼痛从腹部向下坠胀。受寒邪伤害的，疼痛无间断，得热则缓解；受热邪伤害的，疼痛发作有定时，得寒则减轻。因饥饿而痛的，过度饥饿即痛，进食后停止；因饮食积滞而痛的，多食则痛，排便后才安宁。吞酸并腹痛的，是痰郁结在中焦；痞闷并腹痛的，是气机搏结在中州（脾胃）。火热之痛，肠内雷鸣作响，疼痛位置不固定，痛处感觉发热，心烦口渴。虫积之痛，腹部胀大且有青筋暴露，饥饿时如虫咬啮，疼痛必定呕吐清水，痛止后能进食。气虚之痛，疼痛必定喜欢按压，呼吸短浅；血虚之痛，疼痛如芒刺扎入，牵引不安宁。
肠痈（肠道脓肿）之痛，腹部沉重且痛，皮肤粗糙如鳞甲交错，绕脐生疮，小便像淋证一样涩痛。疝气之痛，大腹胀满，小腹拘急，疼痛向下牵引睾丸，向上冲逆而痛。痧症之痛，或剧烈呕吐，或剧烈腹泻，上下肢厥冷，转筋（肌肉痉挛）。阴毒之痛，爪甲青紫，面唇发黑，四肢厥逆呕吐，身体冰冷欲绝。积聚之痛，腹部有有形之物可按摸到。痢疾和妇人腹痛，多与月经、胎孕有关，应当先审查清楚。
When the pain in the chest radiates to the hypochondrium with a hollow sensation, it is due to Liver Deficiency (Gan Xu). When it radiates to the lower abdomen, it is due to Kidney Deficiency (Shen Xu). When it radiates to the back, scapula, and lateral aspect of the arm, causing pain throughout, it is due to Exuberant Heart Fire (Xin Huo Sheng). When it radiates to the hypochondrium, lateral thigh, and other areas, causing pain, it is due to Excess of Liver Wood (Gan Mu Shi). There are also cases caused by phlegm accumulation, retained fluid, blood stasis, and qi stagnation; these all belong to Excess Syndromes (Shi Zheng). However, for those who overexert themselves, if chest pain radiates to the back, accompanied by poor appetite and fatigue, frequently triggered by exertion, this indicates Spleen and Lung Deficiency, and one should tonify the Primordial Qi (Yuan Qi). If the constitution is weak with coughing, and pain radiates to the Yunmen (LU 2) and Zhongfu (LU 1) acupoints in the chest, one must guard against the risk of Lung Abscess (Fei Yong).
Abdominal pain can be divided into three regions. Pain in the great abdomen (upper abdomen above the umbilicus) belongs to the Taiyin Spleen (Taiyin Pi). Pain around the umbilicus belongs to the Shaoyin Kidney (Shaoyin Shen). Pain in the small abdomen (lower abdomen below the umbilicus) belongs to the Jueyin Liver (Jueyin Gan), as well as the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel), Ren Mai (Conception Vessel), Large Intestine, and Small Intestine. Each region has pathogenic factors arising from the Seven Emotions (Qi Qing) and harms from the Six Qi (Liu Qi). Sudden dietary injury causes pain first in the epigastrium, which then spreads to the abdomen. Sudden anger causes pain first in the hypochondrium, which then spreads to the abdomen. Blood accumulation in the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner) with Spleen fire steaming causes pain to attack upward from the abdomen. Blood accumulation in the lower part with sinking Stomach Qi causes pain to sink downward from the abdomen. Injury by Cold results in continuous pain that relieves with heat. Injury by Heat results in intermittent pain that relieves with cold. Pain caused by hunger occurs when overly hungry and stops after eating. Pain caused by food stagnation occurs after overeating and is relieved after defecation. Acid regurgitation with abdominal pain indicates Phlegm Stagnation in the Middle Jiao (Zhong Jiao). Distending fullness with abdominal pain indicates Qi conflict in the Middle Earth (Spleen/Stomach). Fire-related pain features borborygmus (rumbling in intestines), shifting pain location, heat sensation at the painful site, restlessness, thirst, and irritability. Parasitic pain features a distended abdomen with visible blue veins, gnawing sensations when hungry, vomiting clear water during pain, and ability to eat once pain subsides. Qi Deficiency pain is relieved by pressure and accompanied by shallow breathing. Blood Deficiency pain feels like thorn pricks with restless radiation.
Intestinal Abscess (Chang Yong) pain features heavy abdominal pain, rough skin resembling fish scales, sores around the umbilicus, and dysuria similar to Lin syndrome. Hernia Qi (Shan Qi) pain features distension of the great abdomen, urgency in the small abdomen, pain radiating downward to the testicles, and upward rushing pain. Sha Syndrome (Sha Zheng) pain features severe vomiting or diarrhea, cold extremities, and muscle spasms (Zhuan Jin). Yin Toxin (Yin Du) pain features cyanotic nail beds, black face and lips, cold extremities with vomiting, and a body so cold as if life were departing. Accumulation and Mass (Ji Zhu) pain features palpable masses in the abdomen. Dysentery and female abdominal pain are often related to menstruation or pregnancy and should be examined first.