中风分中脏中腑中血脉。中府者，中在表也，即伤寒论太阳中风，桂枝汤之类是也。外
见六
经形症，无异伤寒，治法亦同。中脏者，中在里也。中心不语，中脾唇缓，中肺鼻塞，中肝
目瞀，中肾耳聋，而有闭与脱之分。闭者两手握固，牙关紧急，药宜疏通开窍，热闭牛黄丸
，冷闭橘半姜汁汤。脱者，口张心绝，眼合肝绝，手撒脾绝，声如鼾肺绝，遗尿肾绝。更有
发直摇头，面赤如妆，汗出如珠，此际须用理中汤加参两余，以温补元气。或寒痰阻塞，用
三生饮加参灌之，庶救十中之一。中血脉者，中在半表半里也。如口眼歪斜，半身不遂之属
是也。药宜和解，以大秦艽汤加竹沥姜汁钩藤主之。气虚者，偏于右，佐以四君。血虚者，
偏于左，佐以四物。气血俱虚者，左右俱病，佐以八珍。若兼目疾，治法亦不外此。惟宜养
血除风，所谓治风先治血，血行风自灭也。他如中肝之目瞀，脾绝之眼合，皆垂绝之候，并
非目病，不可救也。
头为诸阳之首，目为七窍之宗，一身之经脉，皆上接于首。而少阴厥阴少阳太阳之脉，
皆出
于目系。若风邪乘之，则为头痛，故曰头风。然有大小雷头风，左右偏头风，以及阳邪风阴
邪风之殊。然究其原，不过六经头痛而已，自有表症可察。盖身必寒热，脉必紧数，或涕泪
鼻塞，或咳嗽项强，或背脊酸疼，按定何经用药，各有所主。若太阳头痛，羌活 本主之，
阳明头痛，升麻葛根主之。若阳明胃火上冲，直达头维而痛者，宜白虎汤主之。少阳头痛，
柴胡川芎主之。太阴头痛，防风白芷主之。少阴头痛，独活细辛主之。厥阴头痛，蔓荆子吴
茱萸主之。此六经报使之药。若雷头风者，乃满头作痛，面皮疙瘩，宜清震汤主之。右偏头
痛者，宜补气散风。左偏头痛者，宜养血除风。此治外风之大略也。若内风发动，有阴阳气
血之辨。阴虚者，乃水亏于下，而虚火乘之则痛。阳虚者，乃阳衰阴胜，遇寒则痛。气虚者
，微遇外邪，或劳顿则痛。血虚者，以肝藏血，脾统血，血虚则热自生风，眩运耳鸣，此所
谓肝风内动也。故气虚者，人参黄 为主。血虚者，当归川芎为主。阴虚火浮者，壮水为主
。阳虚阴胜者，扶阳为主。若三阳之火上炽，夜间作痛者，宜补肝散主之。更有痰厥头痛者
，有风痰湿痰寒痰，肾虚水泛为痰诸症。风痰者，宜散风祛痰。湿痰者，宜燥湿消痰。寒痰
者，宜温胃补气，气不逆则痰自平矣。水泛为痰者，宜养阴补肾，使肾中水火和平，无有偏
胜，则痰自愈也。凡头风之症，最易损目者。盖风邪上受，必犯空窍，肝开窍于目，为风木
之脏，木动则生风，以风招风，内外合邪，故头风必害目也。或为旋螺泛起，或为蟹睛高凸
，或为内外堆云，或为红白垂帘，或为瞳神散大，或为内障青盲，此等症候，皆宜各随其经
，考之脉象，临证应变，不可执法而治也。
中风分为中脏、中腑和中血脉三种情况。中腑，病位在表，即《伤寒论》中的太阳中风证，使用桂枝汤等方剂治疗。外在表现有六经的症状和体征，与伤寒无异，治疗方法也相同。中脏，病位在里。邪气中心则失语，邪气中脾则口唇松弛，邪气中肺则鼻塞，邪气中肝则视物模糊（目瞀），邪气中肾则耳聋，并且有闭证和脱证的区别。闭证表现为双手紧握、牙关紧闭，用药宜疏通开窍，热闭用牛黄丸，冷闭用橘半姜汁汤。脱证表现为口张心气绝，眼合肝气绝，手撒脾气绝，声如鼾睡肺气绝，遗尿肾气绝。更有头发直立、摇头、面色红润如化妆、汗出如珠的情况，此时必须使用理中汤加人参一两以上，以温补元气。或者因寒痰阻塞，用三生饮加人参灌服，或许能挽救十分之一的患者。中血脉，病位在半表半里。如口眼歪斜、半身不遂等情况。用药宜和解，以大秦艽汤加竹沥、姜汁、钩藤为主治。气虚者，症状偏于右侧，佐以四君子汤。血虚者，症状偏于左侧，佐以四物汤。气血俱虚者，左右两侧均患病，佐以八珍汤。如果兼有眼疾，治疗方法也不外乎此原则。只宜养血祛风，所谓“治风先治血，血行风自灭”。其他如邪气中肝导致的视物模糊，脾气绝导致的眼闭合，都是垂危之候，并非单纯的眼病，无法救治。
头部是诸阳经汇聚之首，眼睛是七窍之宗，全身的经脉都上连于头。而少阴、厥阴、少阳、太阳的经脉，都出于目系。如果风邪侵袭，就会引起头痛，所以称为头风。然而有大雷头风、小雷头风、左右偏头风，以及阳邪风和阴邪风的区别。但究其根源，不过是六经头痛而已，自有表症可以观察。身体必定有寒热，脉象必定紧数，或者有鼻涕眼泪、鼻塞，或者咳嗽项强，或者背脊酸痛，根据所属何经用药，各有主治。如果是太阳头痛，羌活、藁本为主药；阳明头痛，升麻、葛根为主药。如果是阳明胃火上冲，直达头维穴而痛，宜用白虎汤主治。少阳头痛，柴胡、川芎为主药。太阴头痛，防风、白芷为主药。少阴头痛，独活、细辛为主药。厥阴头痛，蔓荆子、吴茱萸为主药。这是六经引经报使之药。如果是雷头风，则是满头作痛，面部皮肤起疙瘩，宜用清震汤主治。右偏头痛者，宜补气散风。左偏头痛者，宜养血除风。这是治疗外风的大略方法。如果是内风发动，需辨别阴阳气血。阴虚者，是下部水亏，虚火乘袭则痛。阳虚者，是阳气衰微阴气胜，遇寒则痛。气虚者，轻微遇到外邪，或劳累过度则痛。血虚者，因为肝藏血，脾统血，血虚则热自生风，眩晕耳鸣，这就是所谓的肝风内动。所以气虚者，用人参、黄芪为主。血虚者，用当归、川芎为主。阴虚火浮者，以壮水制火为主。阳虚阴胜者，以扶阳为主。如果是三阳之火上炽，夜间作痛，宜用补肝散主治。更有痰厥头痛者，有风痰、湿痰、寒痰、肾虚水泛为痰等各种症状。风痰者，宜散风祛痰。湿痰者，宜燥湿消痰。寒痰者，宜温胃补气，气不逆则痰自平。水泛为痰者，宜养阴补肾，使肾中水火平和，没有偏胜，则痰自愈。凡是头风的病症，最容易损伤眼睛。因为风邪从上受入，必犯空窍，肝开窍于目，为风木之脏，木动则生风，以风招风，内外合邪，所以头风必然伤害眼睛。或者出现旋螺泛起，或者蟹睛高凸，或者内外堆云，或者红白垂帘，或者瞳神散大，或者内障青盲，这些症候，都应当各自依据其所属经络，参考脉象，临证灵活应变，不可拘泥成法治疗。
Zhongfeng (Stroke) is divided into involvement of the Zang organs, Fu organs, and blood vessels. Involvement of the Fu organs indicates an exterior location, corresponding to Taiyang Zhongfeng (Wind Strike at the Taiyang Level) in the Shanghan Lun (Treatise on Cold Damage), treated with formulas such as Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction). The external manifestations present the signs and symptoms of the Six Channels, identical to cold damage, and the treatment methods are also the same. Involvement of the Zang organs indicates an interior location. Strike upon the Heart leads to aphasia; strike upon the Spleen leads to flaccid lips; strike upon the Lung leads to nasal congestion; strike upon the Liver leads to blurred vision (Mu Mao); strike upon the Kidney leads to deafness. These conditions are further differentiated into Bi Syndrome (Obstruction/Closed State) and Tuo Syndrome (Collapse/Empty State). Bi Syndrome presents with clenched hands and tight jaw; medication should focus on unblocking and opening orifices. For Heat Bi, Niuhuang Wan (Calculus Bovis Pill) is used; for Cold Bi, Ju Ban Jiang Zhi Tang (Citrus Peel, Pinellia, and Ginger Juice Decoction) is used. Tuo Syndrome presents with an open mouth indicating Heart Qi exhaustion, closed eyes indicating Liver Qi exhaustion, relaxed hands indicating Spleen Qi exhaustion, snoring sounds indicating Lung Qi exhaustion, and urinary incontinence indicating Kidney Qi exhaustion. Additionally, there may be erect hair, head shaking, a ruddy complexion like makeup, and sweat beads like pearls. At this juncture, Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) with more than one tael of Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) must be used to warm and tonify Yuan Qi (Primal Qi). Alternatively, if blocked by cold phlegm, Sansheng Yin (Three Lives Drink) with Renshen should be administered via gavage, perhaps saving one in ten patients. Involvement of the blood vessels indicates a location between the exterior and interior. This includes conditions such as facial deviation and hemiplegia. Medication should focus on harmonizing, primarily using Da Qin Jiao Tang (Large Gentian Decoction) added with Zhu Li (Bamboo Sap), Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice), and Gouteng (Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis). For Qi deficiency, where symptoms lean to the right, Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) is added. For Blood deficiency, where symptoms lean to the left, Si Wu Tang (Four Substance Decoction) is added. For combined Qi and Blood deficiency, affecting both sides, Ba Zhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction) is added. If accompanied by eye diseases, the treatment principles remain essentially the same. One should nourish Blood and dispel Wind, following the principle that "to treat Wind, first treat Blood; when Blood moves, Wind extinguishes itself." Other instances, such as blurred vision from Liver strike or eye closure from Spleen collapse, are signs of impending death and are not merely eye diseases; they are incurable.
The Head is the summit of all Yang channels, and the Eyes are the chief of the Seven Orifices. All meridians of the body connect upwards to the head. The meridians of Shaoyin, Jueyin, Shaoyang, and Taiyang all emerge from the Eye System. If Wind Evil invades, it causes headache, hence termed Tou Feng (Head Wind). However, there are distinctions such as Great Thunderhead Wind, Small Thunderhead Wind, Left and Right Hemicephalic Wind, as well as differences between Yang Evil Wind and Yin Evil Wind. Ultimately, these are merely headaches of the Six Channels, presenting observable exterior signs. The body will necessarily have chills and fever, the pulse will necessarily be tight and rapid, accompanied by runny nose, tears, nasal congestion, cough, stiff neck, or back pain. Medication should be prescribed according to the specific channel involved. For Taiyang headache, Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) and Gao Ben (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix) are primary. For Yangming headache, Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) are primary. If Yangming Stomach Fire rushes upward to the Touwei point causing pain, Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) is indicated. For Shaoyang headache, Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix) and Chuan Xiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma) are primary. For Taiyin headache, Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) and Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) are primary. For Shaoyin headache, Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) and Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) are primary. For Jueyin headache, Man Jing Zi (Vittariae Fructus) and Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus) are primary. These are the guiding herbs for the Six Channels. For Thunderhead Wind, characterized by whole-head pain and papules on the facial skin, Qingzhen Tang (Clearing and Shaking Decoction) is indicated. For right-sided hemicephalic pain, tonifying Qi and dispersing Wind is appropriate. For left-sided hemicephalic pain, nourishing Blood and dispelling Wind is appropriate. This outlines the general approach to treating Exterior Wind. If Internal Wind arises, differentiation of Yin/Yang and Qi/Blood is required. Yin deficiency implies Water deficiency below, with deficient Fire attacking causing pain. Yang deficiency implies Yang decline and Yin excess, causing pain upon exposure to cold. Qi deficiency causes pain upon slight exposure to external pathogens or overexertion. Blood deficiency, since the Liver stores Blood and the Spleen controls Blood, leads to heat generating Wind internally, resulting in dizziness, vertigo, and tinnitus; this is termed Gan Feng Nei Dong (Internal Movement of Liver Wind). Therefore, for Qi deficiency, Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) are primary. For Blood deficiency, Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) and Chuan Xiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma) are primary. For Yin deficiency with floating Fire, strengthening Water to control Fire is primary. For Yang deficiency with Yin excess, supporting Yang is primary. If Fire of the Three Yang channels blazes upward causing night pain, Bu Gan San (Tonifying Liver Powder) is indicated. There are also cases of Tan Jue (Phlegm Syncope) headache, involving Wind-Phlegm, Damp-Phlegm, Cold-Phlegm, and Phlegm generated from Kidney Deficiency with Water Overflow. For Wind-Phlegm, dispersing Wind and resolving Phlegm is appropriate. For Damp-Phlegm, drying Dampness and eliminating Phlegm is appropriate. For Cold-Phlegm, warming the Stomach and tonifying Qi is appropriate; if Qi does not rebel, Phlegm settles naturally. For Phlegm from Water Overflow, nourishing Yin and tonifying the Kidney is appropriate, balancing Water and Fire in the Kidney so neither dominates, allowing Phlegm to resolve spontaneously. Among all Tou Feng (Head Wind) syndromes, those most likely to damage the eyes occur because Wind Evil enters from above and attacks the hollow orifices. The Liver opens into the Eyes and is the organ of Wind-Wood; Wood movement generates Wind. Wind attracts Wind, combining internal and external evils, thus Head Wind inevitably harms the Eyes. Manifestations may include Xuan Luo Fan Qi (Spinning Screw Rising), Xie Jing Gao Tu (Crystal Pupil Protruding), Nei Wai Dui Yun (Clouds Piling Inside and Outside), Hong Bai Chui Lian (Red and White Veils Dropping), Tong Shen San Da (Pupil Dilatation), or Nei Zhang Qing Mang (Internal Obstruction with Blindness). For these conditions, one must examine the pulse and adapt clinically according to the affected channel, avoiding rigid adherence to fixed formulas.