味甘苦，性微寒无毒，入心肝脾肺肾五经。主下气醒睡，除痰消疮，利便生津，破热气，
清头目，善祛油腻，解煎炙毒。
按∶茶茗清利之品，故五脏咸入。然过食伤脾，令人面黄消瘦，其醒睡者，亦以伐脾故
耳。
味辛，性微热无毒，入胃经。主破症积，下恶气，治霍乱，止腹疼，辟瘟禁疟，辟鬼祛
邪，能消蛊毒，可灭传尸。
按∶阿魏辛热之性，与胃腑相宜，故独入之。产波斯国阿虞木内之脂也。《唐本》云∶
体性极臭，而能止臭，亦奇物也。今市家多煎蒜白假充，不可不辨。真者置热铜器中一日夜，
其沾阿魏处，白如银。
雷公云∶凡使多有讹伪，共有三验。第一验将半铢安于热铜器中，一宿至明，沾阿魏处，
白如银汞，无赤色。第二验将一铢置于五方草自然汁中，浸一夜至明，如鲜血色。第三验将
一铢安在树上，树立干，便是真。凡使先于净钵中研如粉了，于热酒器上蒸过，存入药中用
之。
味辛，性温有毒，入胃大小肠三经。主年深坚结之沉积，日久秘结之瘀血，杀三虫，绝
传尸，损咳嗽，止崩漏，除九种心疼，疗风寒湿痹，炒令烟尽用，半夏为使，畏鸡子、油脂、
铁浆、黄栌汁、蟹。
按∶干漆专主行化，胃与二肠，宜其入已。然攻坚消积之剂，终损元神，不宜过用。中
其毒者，以所畏之物解之。
茶茗：味道甘甜微苦，药性微寒，无毒，归心、肝、脾、肺、肾五经。主要功效是降气提神，消除痰浊，消散疮疡，通利大便，生津止渴，破除体内积热，清利头目，善于化解油腻，解除煎炸炙烤食物产生的毒害。
按语：茶茗属于清利之品，所以五脏都能受纳其气。然而过量食用会损伤脾胃，使人面色发黄、身体消瘦；它之所以能让人清醒入睡（此处指提神醒脑），也是因为它耗伐脾气所致。
阿魏：味道辛烈，药性微热，无毒，归胃经。主要功效是破除癥瘕积聚，下泄恶气，治疗霍乱，缓解腹痛，预防瘟疫和疟疾，驱除鬼邪，能够消化蛊毒，可以消灭传尸劳病。
按语：阿魏具有辛热的药性，与胃腑的特性相适宜，所以唯独入胃经。它产于波斯国阿虞木内部的树脂。《唐本草》记载：它的体性极臭，却能止住臭味，真是奇特的物品。如今市场上商家多煎煮蒜白来冒充，不可不仔细辨别。真正的阿魏放在热的铜器中放置一天一夜，沾染阿魏的地方，颜色洁白如银。
雷公说：凡使用阿魏多有讹误假冒，共有三种验证方法。第一种验证：取半铢阿魏放在热的铜器中，过夜到第二天早晨，沾染阿魏的地方，洁白如银汞，没有红色。第二种验证：取一铢阿魏放在五方草的自然汁液中，浸泡一夜到第二天早晨，颜色像鲜血一样红。第三种验证：取一铢阿魏放在树上，如果树干干枯，就是真品。凡使用阿魏，先要在干净的钵中研磨成粉，然后在热酒器上蒸过，存入药中使用。
干漆：味道辛，药性温，有毒，归胃、大肠、小肠三经。主要功效是治疗年深日久坚硬结聚的沉积物，治疗日久秘结的瘀血，杀灭三虫，断绝传尸劳病，减轻咳嗽，止住崩漏，消除九种心痛，治疗风寒湿痹证。需炒至烟尽后使用，以半夏为引经药，畏惧鸡蛋清、油脂、铁浆、黄栌汁、螃蟹。
按语：干漆专门主治行气化滞，胃与大小肠适宜它进入。然而攻坚消积的药物，终究会损伤元气，不宜过量使用。中毒者，用其所畏惧的物质来解毒。
Tea (Camellia Sinensis): The taste is sweet and slightly bitter, the nature is slightly cold, non-toxic. It enters the Heart, Liver, Spleen, Lung, and Kidney meridians. Its main functions are to descend Qi and refresh the mind, eliminate Phlegm, resolve sores, promote urination and generate fluids, break down accumulated heat, clear the head and eyes, effectively dissolve greasy substances, and detoxify foods prepared by frying or roasting.
Commentary: Tea is a clearing and draining substance, thus its qi enters all five Zang organs. However, excessive consumption damages the Spleen, leading to sallow complexion and emaciation; its ability to "refresh the mind" is actually due to its depletion of Spleen Qi.
Asafoetida (Ferula Assa-foetida): The taste is acrid, the nature is slightly hot, non-toxic. It enters the Stomach meridian. Its main functions are to break up masses and accumulations, direct rebellious Qi downward, treat Cholera-like disease, relieve abdominal pain, prevent epidemic fevers and Malaria, dispel evil influences, resolve Gu toxicity, and eradicate Transmitted Corpse disease (consumption).
Commentary: Asafoetida's acrid and hot nature is suitable for the Stomach organ, hence it enters only this meridian. It is the resin produced inside the Ferula assa-foetida tree in Persia. The *Tang Bencao* states: "Its nature is extremely foul-smelling, yet it can stop foul odors; truly a wondrous substance." Currently, merchants often boil garlic whites to pass them off as genuine, which must be carefully distinguished. Genuine asafoetida placed in a hot copper vessel for one day and night will leave a residue that is white as silver where it adheres.
Lei Gong said: There are many counterfeits when using asafoetida; there are three tests. First test: Place half a zhu of asafoetida in a hot copper vessel overnight until morning; the area where it adheres should be white like mercury without any redness. Second test: Place one zhu of asafoetida in the natural juice of Wu Fang Cao (Five Directions Grass) and soak overnight until morning; it should turn blood-red. Third test: Place one zhu of asafoetida on a tree; if the tree trunk dries out, it is genuine. When preparing, first grind it into powder in a clean mortar, then steam it over hot wine before storing for medicinal use.
Dried Lacquer (Lacca): The taste is acrid, the nature is warm, toxic. It enters the Stomach, Large Intestine, and Small Intestine meridians. Its main functions are to treat long-standing hard accumulations, resolve blood stasis from chronic constipation, kill three types of parasites, cut off Transmitted Corpse disease, alleviate coughing, stop metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, eliminate nine types of heart pain, and treat Bi syndrome caused by Wind-Cold-Dampness. It should be stir-fried until smoke ceases. Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) is used as an guiding herb. It is incompatible with egg white, animal fat, iron sulfate solution, Rhus verniciflua juice, and crab.
Commentary: Dried lacquer specializes in promoting circulation and resolving stagnation, making it suitable for entering the Stomach and the two intestines. However, formulas that break hardness and dissipate accumulations ultimately damage Yuan Qi (Primordial Qi) and should not be used excessively. For poisoning, antidotes are substances it fears.