味咸，性平无毒，入肺脾二经。主骨蒸劳嗽，积聚症瘕，息肉阴蚀痔疽，疮肿瘀血，
催生堕胎，妇人五色漏下，九肋者佳。童便浸一宿，滤起酥炙用，其肉益肺补金，大凉血热
。奇形异状者有大毒，误食者，以黄 吴蓝煎汤解之，俱恶理石矾。
按∶丹溪云∶鳖甲属金与土，肺脾之所以入也，须生取之，煮脱者不堪用。肉性大冷，
过食伤脾，症瘕勿食，恐益其疾。孕妇勿食，恐短子项。同鸡食成瘕，同鸡子食能杀人同，
同苋菜食生血鳖，同芥子食发恶疾，不可不慎。
雷公云∶凡使用要绿色九肋多裙，重七两者为佳，治痞破块消症定心药中用之。每个鳖
甲。以六一泥固瓶子底待干，安甲于中，以物 起，用头醋下火煎之，尽三升醋为度，乃去
裙并肋骨，方炙干，后入药中用。又治劳去热药中用，法似前，不用醋，须用童子小便，煮
昼夜，小便一斗二升为度。后去裙留骨，于石臼中捣成粉子，以鸡 皮裹之，取东流水三两，
斗
味甘性平，有小毒，入脾肺二经。主诸风皮肤不仁，散瘾疹身体瘙痒，热毒风淫眉髭脱
落，塞耳治聋，须辨真者佳。去头及皮鳞，带子锉碎，酒浸一宿，酥炙埋地一宿炙干用。
按∶乌蛇之用，专主去风以理皮肉之症，肺主皮毛，脾主肌肉，故两入之。色黑如漆，
背有三棱，浑如剑脊，尾细尖长，性善不伤生命，都在芦丛中嗅其花气，亦乘南风而吸，虽
至枯死，两目不陷，俨如生者，头有逆毛二寸一路，可长半分以来。头尾相对，称之重七钱
至一两者为上，粗大者转重，力弥减也。
雷公云∶凡一切蛇，须认取雌雄及州土，蕲州乌蛇头上有逆毛二寸一路，可长半分以来，
头尾相对，使之入药如神，只重一两以下，彼处得此多留进供。蛇腹下有白肠带子一条，可
长一寸以来，即是雄也。采得去其头兼皮鳞带子，锉之，以苦酒浸之一宿，至明漉出，向柳
木灰中焙之令干了，却以酥炙之，酥尽为度，炙干后于地上掘一坑，可深一尺以来，安蛇于
中，一宿至明，再炙令干，任用，凡修事一切蛇，并去胆并上皮了，干湿须酒煮之，用之良。
【鳖甲】
味咸，性平，无毒，归肺经和脾经。主治骨蒸劳嗽（阴虚发热引起的咳嗽），积聚症瘕（腹内结块），息肉、阴蚀痔疽（肛门部溃疡及痔疮痈疽），疮肿瘀血，催生堕胎，妇人五色带下（多种颜色的阴道分泌物）。以九肋者为佳。用童便浸泡一夜，滤出后用酥油炙烤使用。其肉能益肺补金（补肺气），大凉血热。形状奇特怪异的大毒，误食后，用黄芩、吴蓝煎汤解毒，都忌服理石、矾石。
按语：朱丹溪说：鳖甲属金与土，所以入肺脾二经，必须生取，煮脱壳的不堪使用。肉性大冷，过食伤脾，有症瘕者勿食，恐加重病情。孕妇勿食，恐导致胎儿颈部短缩。同鸡肉吃成瘕，同鸡蛋吃能杀人同，同苋菜食生血鳖，同芥子食发恶疾，不可不慎。
雷公说：凡使用要绿色九肋多裙，重七两者为佳，治痞破块消症定心药中用之。每个鳖甲。以六一泥固瓶子底待干，安甲于中，以物起，用头醋下火煎之，尽三升醋为度，乃去裙并肋骨，方炙干，后入药中用。又治劳去热药中用，法似前，不用醋，须用童子小便，煮昼夜，小便一斗二升为度。后去裙留骨，于石臼中捣成粉子，以鸡皮裹之，取东流水三两，斗
【蕲州乌蛇】
味甘性平，有小毒，入脾肺二经。主诸风皮肤不仁，散瘾疹身体瘙痒，热毒风淫眉髭脱落，塞耳治聋，须辨真者佳。去头及皮鳞，带子锉碎，酒浸一宿，酥炙埋地一宿炙干用。
按语：乌蛇之用，专主去风以理皮肉之症，肺主皮毛，脾主肌肉，故两入之。色黑如漆，背有三棱，浑如剑脊，尾细尖长，性善不伤生命，都在芦丛中嗅其花气，亦乘南风而吸，虽至枯死，两目不陷，俨如生者，头有逆毛二寸一路，可长半分以来。头尾相对，称之重七钱至一两者为上，粗大者转重，力弥减也。
雷公说：凡一切蛇，须认取雌雄及州土，蕲州乌蛇头上有逆毛二寸一路，可长半分以来，头尾相对，使之入药如神，只重一两以下，彼处得此多留进供。蛇腹下有白肠带子一条，可长一寸以来，即是雄也。采得去其头兼皮鳞带子，锉之，以苦酒浸之一宿，至明漉出，向柳木灰中焙之令干了，却以酥炙之，酥尽为度，炙干后于地上掘一坑，可深一尺以来，安蛇于中，一宿至明，再炙令干，任用，凡修事一切蛇，并去胆并上皮了，干湿须酒煮之，用之良。
[Bie Jia (Tartar Testudinis Carapax)]
Salty in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Lung and Spleen meridians. Primarily treats bone-steaming labor cough (cough due to yin deficiency with heat), accumulation and mass formations (abdominal masses), polyps, yin erosion hemorrhoids and carbuncles (ulcers of the anal region and hemorrhoidal abscesses), sores, swelling, and blood stasis; promotes childbirth and induces abortion; treats women's leukorrhea of five colors (vaginal discharge of various colors). The specimen with nine ribs is preferred. Soak in child's urine overnight, strain, and roast with su (rendered animal fat) for use. Its meat benefits the Lung and supplements Metal (Lung Qi), strongly cooling blood heat. Specimens with strange or abnormal shapes are highly toxic; if accidentally ingested, decoct Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) and Wu Lan (Isatidis Folium) to detoxify. Both Li Shi (Gypsum Fibrosum) and Fan Shi (Alumen) are contraindicated.
Commentary: Zhu Danxi stated: Bie Jia belongs to Metal and Earth, which explains its entry into the Lung and Spleen meridians. It must be harvested raw; specimens that have been boiled and shed their shells are unsuitable for use. The meat is extremely cold; excessive consumption damages the Spleen. Those with mass formations should avoid it, as it may exacerbate the condition. Pregnant women should avoid it, fearing it may cause a short neck in the fetus. Consuming it with chicken meat can lead to mass formation; consuming it with chicken eggs can be fatal. Consuming it with Amaranth vegetable generates "blood turtles"; consuming it with Mustard seed triggers severe diseases. Caution is imperative.
Lei Gong stated: For usage, select green specimens with nine ribs and abundant skirt, weighing seven qian, as optimal. It is used in formulas treating痞 (痞满 - epigastric fullness), breaking masses, eliminating stasis, and calming the mind. For each Bie Jia, secure the bottom of a bottle with Liu Yi Ni (a mixture of six parts clay and one part flint powder), let it dry, place the shell inside, seal it, and simmer with vinegar over fire until three sheng of vinegar are consumed. Then remove the skirt and rib bones, roast until dry, and add to medicinal preparations. For treating labor-related heat, the method is similar but without vinegar; instead, use child's urine, boiling day and night until one dou and two sheng of urine are consumed. Then remove the skirt, retain the bone, pound into powder in a stone mortar, wrap in chicken skin, take three liang of flowing water from the east, and boil...
[Qizhou Wushe (Agkistrodon tetracanthus from Qizhou)]
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, slightly toxic. Enters the Spleen and Lung meridians. Primarily treats various wind conditions causing skin numbness, disperses urticaria and body itching, treats hot toxin wind causing loss of eyebrows and beard, blocks ears to treat deafness. Authentic specimens are preferred. Remove the head, skin, and scales, chop into pieces, soak in wine overnight, roast with su, bury in the ground overnight, then roast dry for use.
Commentary: The use of Wushe specifically targets dispelling wind to regulate skin and flesh conditions. The Lung governs skin and hair, and the Spleen governs muscles; hence it enters both meridians. It is black as lacquer, has three ridges on the back resembling a sword spine, and a thin, pointed long tail. It is gentle and does not harm life; it hides in reeds smelling flower scents, and also inhales with the south wind. Even when dead, its eyes do not sink, appearing like a living creature. There is a row of inverted hairs on the head about two cun long, growing up to half a fen. When head and tail face each other, those weighing seven qian to one liang are superior. Larger ones become heavier but lose potency.
Lei Gong stated: For all snakes, one must identify the sex and origin. Qizhou Wushe has a row of inverted hairs on the head about two cun long, growing up to half a fen. When head and tail face each other, it is miraculous in medicine, weighing only under one lian. Where obtained, many are kept for tribute. Under the snake's belly is a white intestinal strip about one cun long, indicating it is male. After harvesting, remove the head, skin, scales, and strip, chop them, soak in Ku Jiu (bitter wine/vinegar) overnight, drain the next morning, bake in willow ash until dry, then roast with su until the su is exhausted. After roasting dry, dig a pit one chi deep in the ground, place the snake inside, leave overnight until dawn, roast again until dry, and use as needed. For processing all snakes, remove the gallbladder and outer skin; whether wet or dry, boil in wine for best results.