产后寒热往来,应期而发,此由气血并竭,阳虚生外寒,阴虚生内热,或昼轻夜重,或
日晡潮热,一日二三度发,其症虽似乎疟,而发无常期,只须生化汤倍加当归,则身热自退
。即或应期而发,症与疟同,亦必以调和气血为主,无用芩、连等治热及常、果、槟、查等
截疟。如汗多加参、 ,热甚倍加当归、川芎。若产及一月,其人素虚而患疟,用人参养胃
汤,并服人参白术膏。
加减生化汤∶川芎一钱,当归二钱,人参、白术各一钱,茯苓八分,青皮二分,炙草三
分,藿香八分,乌梅二枚。渴加麦冬一钱,五味三分。痰加半夏八分、竹沥、姜汁。汗加黄
、枣仁各一钱。伤米食加神曲一钱,麦芽五分。伤肉食加山楂、砂仁各五分。
人参养胃汤∶人参、白术、当归各二钱,茯苓、半夏各八分,草果、甘草、青皮、藿香
各四分,乌梅二枚。
人参白术膏∶白术一斤,人参一两,水六碗煎去其半,如法再煎,如此三次,去渣取汁
共九碗,慢火煎至一碗,每日服半酒杯,白汤下。
产后汗出不止,由劳伤脾、惊伤心、怒伤肝,患此三者不宜即加敛汗之剂,但令神宁,
则汗自止。且血块作痛, 、术未可遽加。凡产毕有汗,先服生化汤两帖以消块,即继服调
卫止汗汤。若倦甚而 然汗出,形色俱脱,乃亡阳脱也,此难拘常法,从权以参、 调卫
救急,待产母稍有精神,又减参、 ,以除块痛。若汗多而阴竭阳微,以致筋脉拘急,项强
口噤,牙禁发搐,类伤寒痉症者,慎勿作伤寒治,宜加味生化汤随症加减。汗出虽有自汗、
盗汗之分,治当兼理血分药品,并宜加味出化汤。余方但非产后盗汗所宜。若服参、 大剂
,汗多不止,及头面汗出不止腰足青色者,不治。
调卫止汗汤∶炙 、麻黄根,当归各一钱,人参(随症加减),防风三分,桂枝、炙甘
草
产
从权参 调卫汤∶人参三钱,炙 、麻黄根各一钱半,当归二钱,桂枝五分(汗少减之)
,防风三分,元枣二枚,水煎。禁用半夏、生姜、柴胡、黄芩、知、柏等味。
加味生化汤∶川芎三钱,当归六钱,人参三钱(如虚倍用),天麻八分,黄 钱半,炙
甘
加
产后出现寒热往来,且发作有固定时间,这是由于气血同时枯竭所致。阳气虚弱则产生外寒,阴液不足则产生内热。症状可能表现为白天轻、晚上重,或者在申时(下午3-5点)出现潮热,一天发作两三次。虽然这些症状看起来像疟疾,但发作没有固定的规律。此时只需使用生化汤并加倍当归用量,身体的发热自然会消退。
即使确实按时发作,症状与疟疾相同,治疗也必须以调和气血为主,不能使用黄芩、黄连等清热药,也不能使用常山、果壳(草果)、槟榔、山楂等截断疟疾的药物。如果出汗多,加入人参和黄芪;如果发热严重,加倍使用当归和川芎。如果分娩刚满一个月,产妇平时体质虚弱又患上了疟疾,可以使用人参养胃汤,并配合服用人参白术膏。
加减生化汤的组成:川芎一钱,当归二钱,人参、白术各一钱,茯苓八分,青皮二分,炙甘草三分,藿香八分,乌梅两枚。口渴加麦冬一钱,五味子三分。有痰加半夏八分、竹沥、姜汁。出汗多加黄芪、酸枣仁各一钱。伤米食加神曲一钱,麦芽五分。伤肉食加山楂、砂仁各五分。
人参养胃汤的组成:人参、白术、当归各二钱,茯苓、半夏各八分,草果、甘草、青皮、藿香各四分,乌梅两枚。
人参白术膏的制作与用法:白术一斤,人参一两,用水六碗煎煮至剩一半水量,按照此法再次煎煮,如此重复三次,去渣取汁,共得九碗药汁,再用慢火煎至一碗。每日服用半酒杯,用温水送服。
产后汗出不止,是由于劳累损伤了脾脏、惊恐损伤了心脏、愤怒损伤了肝脏。患有这三种情况时,不宜立即使用收敛止汗的药物,只要让心神安宁,汗自然就会停止。而且如果有血块引起疼痛,黄芪和白术也不宜急于加入。凡是分娩结束后出汗,先服用两帖生化汤以消除血块,接着再服用调卫止汗汤。如果极度疲倦且大汗淋漓,面色和形体都呈现脱失之象,这是亡阳脱证,此时不能拘泥于常规方法,应权变处理,用人参和黄芪来调和营卫以救急。待产妇稍有精神后,再减少人参和黄芪的用量,以消除血块引起的疼痛。如果出汗过多导致阴液枯竭、阳气微弱,进而引起筋脉拘急、颈部僵硬、牙关紧闭、牙齿紧咬并发抽搐,症状类似伤寒痉症,千万不要当作伤寒治疗,适宜使用加味生化汤并根据症状进行加减。出汗虽然分为自汗和盗汗,但治疗时应当兼顾调理血分的药物,并且适宜使用加味生化汤。其他方剂如果不是专门针对产后盗汗的就不适用。如果服用大量人参和黄芪后,汗出仍不止,以及头面部汗出不止而腰足呈现青色的,属于不治之症。
调卫止汗汤的组成:炙黄芪、麻黄根、当归各一钱,人参(根据症状加减),防风三分,桂枝、炙甘草适量。
从权参芪调卫汤的组成:人参三钱,炙黄芪、麻黄根各一钱半,当归二钱,桂枝五分(出汗少时减量),防风三分,大枣两枚,水煎服。禁用半夏、生姜、柴胡、黄芩、知母、黄柏等药物。
Postpartum chills and fever alternating, occurring at regular intervals, are caused by the simultaneous depletion of Qi and Blood. Yang deficiency generates external cold, while Yin deficiency generates internal heat. Symptoms may present as lighter during the day and heavier at night, or tidal fever in the Shen hour (3-5 PM), occurring two to three times a day. Although these symptoms resemble malaria, their occurrence is irregular. Simply using Shenghua Decoction with an increased dosage of Danggui will cause the body heat to subside naturally.
Even if the fever occurs at regular intervals and resembles malaria, the treatment must primarily focus on harmonizing Qi and Blood. It is inappropriate to use Qingre (clearing heat) herbs such as Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) and Lianzi (Coptidis Rhizoma), nor should one use Jiemai (antimalarial) herbs such as Changshan (Dichroae Radix), Caoguo (Tsaoko Fructus), Binglang (Arecae Semen), and Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus). If sweating is excessive, add Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Huangqi (Astragali Radix); if fever is severe, double the dosage of Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) and Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma). If one month has passed since delivery and the patient, who is constitutionally weak, contracts malaria, Renyang Yangwei Tang (Ginseng Stomach-Nourishing Decoction) can be used, along with Ren Shen Baizhu Gao (Ginseng and Atractylodes Macrocephala Paste).
Modified Shenghua Decoction: Chuanxiong 1 qian, Danggui 2 qian, Renshen and Baizhu each 1 qian, Fuling 8 fen, Qingpi 2 fen, Zhi Gancao 3 fen, Huoxiang 8 fen, Wumei 2 pieces. For thirst, add Maidong 1 qian and Wuweizi 3 fen. For phlegm, add Banxia 8 fen, Zhuli (Bamboo Sap), and Jiangzhi (Ginger Juice). For excessive sweating, add Huangqi and Suanzaoren each 1 qian. For rice food stagnation, add Shenqu 1 qian and Maiya 5 fen. For meat food stagnation, add Shanzha and Sharen each 5 fen.
Ren Yang Wei Tang: Renshen, Baizhu, and Danggui each 2 qian, Fuling and Banxia each 8 fen, Caoguo, Gancao, Qingpi, and Huoxiang each 4 fen, Wumei 2 pieces.
Ren Shen Bai Zhu Gao: Take 1 jin of Baizhu and 1 liang of Renshen. Decoct in 6 bowls of water until reduced by half. Repeat this decoction process twice more. Strain the residue and collect the juice, totaling 9 bowls. Slowly simmer over low fire until reduced to 1 bowl. Take half a wine glass daily, washed down with warm water.
Continuous postpartum sweating is caused by fatigue damaging the Spleen, fright damaging the Heart, and anger damaging the Liver. In cases involving these three etiologies, it is inadvisable to immediately administer astringent antiperspirants; rather, calming the Spirit will allow sweating to cease spontaneously. Furthermore, if there is pain due to blood stasis masses, Huangqi and Baizhu should not be added hastily. Generally, for sweating after delivery, first administer two doses of Shenghua Decoction to eliminate blood stasis, followed by Tiaowei Zhihan Tang (Wei-Harmonizing Antiperspirant Decoction). If the patient is extremely fatigued with profuse sweating, and both complexion and physical form show signs of collapse, this indicates Yang Collapse. One must not adhere strictly to routine methods but should exercise discretion, using Renshen and Huangqi to harmonize Ying and Wei to save the emergency. Once the mother regains some vitality, reduce the dosage of Renshen and Huangqi to alleviate pain from blood stasis. If excessive sweating leads to Yin exhaustion and Yang weakness, resulting in tendon constriction, neck stiffness, locked jaw, teeth clenching, and convulsions resembling Shaoyang Jingzheng (Shaoyang Spasm Syndrome), do not treat it as Shaoyang disease. Instead, use Jiawei Shenghua Tang (Modified Shenghua Decoction) with modifications based on symptoms. Although sweating is categorized as spontaneous sweating or night sweats, treatment should simultaneously address blood-level medications, and Jiawei Shenghua Tang is suitable. Other formulas are generally not appropriate for postpartum night sweats. If large doses of Renshen and Huangqi fail to stop sweating, or if sweating continues unceasingly on the head and face while the waist and feet turn cyanotic, the condition is incurable.
Tiaowei Zhihan Tang: Zhi Huangqi, Mahuanggen, and Danggui each 1 qian, Renshen (dosage adjusted according to symptoms), Fangfeng 3 fen, Guizhi and Zhi Gancao (appropriate amounts).
Discretionary Renshen Huangqi Tiaowei Tang: Renshen 3 qian, Zhi Huangqi and Mahuanggen each 1.5 qian, Danggui 2 qian, Guizhi 5 fen (reduce if sweating is slight), Fangfeng 3 fen, Yuan Zao (Jujube) 2 pieces. Decoct in water. Contraindicated: Banxia, Shengjiang, Chaihu, Huangqin, Zhimu, and Huangbai.
Jiawei Shenghua Tang: Chuanxiong 3 qian, Danggui 6 qian, Renshen 3 qian (double if deficiency is severe), Tianma 8 fen, Huangqi 1.5 qian, Zhi Gancao (appropriate amount).