凡出疹不思饮食，此胃为邪气所侵，或三四日，或五六日，亦无妨。切不可因其不
食，着意治之，只宜清胃火，疹子出尽，自能渐进谷食。若麻后血虚脾弱，不思食者，宜
四物汤，加麦芽、神曲治之。如欲饮水者，可少少与之，则毒瓦斯随之渐解。盖疹为实热，自
初至末，必皆喜饮凉水，此不必禁。
凡疹初热未出，眼光如水，此为正候。若眼多眵泪，乃肝脾有火，无分前后，总宜清
热。未出时白珠赤肺有热也，疹出自解。没后白珠仍赤，亦肺火未尽，宜清肺泻火。若
没后不避风寒，以致眼眶红烂流泪，速宜疏风解毒。若延迟不治，则有终身之患。若没
后余毒入目，翳膜遮睛，或成珠目蟹眼，用孙氏洗肝散。又斑疮入目生翳障，用通神散。
余毒坏目，用明目方。
鼻为肺窍，肺气清则疹易出。若鼻干无涕，脏腑热极，塞而不通，前后见之，皆为
重症，或暂涕暂无，或先无涕，热退清涕即来。或因热鼻眵干结，似无涕者，此皆热毒
闭塞，速为清热解毒，得嚏涕鼻通，毒即解矣。若毒火上冲，肺气载血上行，则为鼻衄。
然衄中有发散之义，以毒从衄解，不须止，但不可太过，过则血脱而阴亡也。如衄甚者，外
用发灰散吹入鼻中，内服犀角地黄汤，其血可止。又有鼻扇者，肺将绝也，一见喘满痰
鸣，便不能治，若咽清不喘，精神如故，治以润肺清痰，庶危者犹可望其生也。
凡是出麻疹时不想吃东西，这是因为胃受到邪气侵袭，无论是三四天还是五六天，都没有妨碍。千万不要因为孩子不吃东西，就刻意去治疗食欲问题，只应当清泄胃火，等疹子全部发出后，自然能逐渐进食谷物食物。如果麻疹消退后出现血虚脾弱的情况，导致不想吃饭的，适宜用四物汤，加入麦芽、神曲来治疗。如果想喝水的，可以少量给予，这样毒热之气就会随之逐渐解除。大概是因为麻疹属于实热证，从开始到结束，患者必定都喜欢喝凉水，这一点不必禁止。
凡是麻疹初起发热但疹点尚未透出，眼睛湿润如水，这是正常的征象。如果眼部分泌物多且流泪，这是肝脾有火，无论病程前后，都适宜清热。在疹子未透发时，白眼球发红是肺有热，疹子发出后自然会解除。疹子消退后白眼球仍然发红，也是肺火未尽，适宜清肺泻火。如果在疹子消退后不注意避风寒，导致眼眶红肿溃烂流泪，应当迅速疏风解毒。如果拖延不治疗，就会有终身的病患。如果疹子消退后余毒侵入眼睛，形成翳膜遮蔽瞳孔，或者长成珠目、蟹眼（一种眼疾），使用孙氏洗肝散。另外斑疮侵入眼睛生翳障，使用通神散。余毒损害眼睛，使用明目方。
鼻子是肺的窍道，肺气清肃则麻疹容易透出。如果鼻干无鼻涕，说明脏腑热极，鼻塞不通，无论出现在病程前段还是后段，都属于重症，或者是暂时没鼻涕，或者起初没鼻涕，待热退后清涕就会来。或者因为热毒导致鼻部分泌物干燥结痂，看似没有鼻涕，这都是热毒闭塞，应当迅速清热解毒，一旦打喷嚏流涕且鼻窍通畅，毒热也就解除了。如果毒火上冲，肺气挟带血液上行，就会导致鼻出血。然而鼻衄中有发散邪气的含义，通过鼻衄使毒邪排出，不需要止血，但不可出血过多，过多则会导致血脱阴亡。如果鼻出血严重的，外用发灰散吹入鼻中，内服犀角地黄汤，血就可以止住。又有鼻翼扇动的症状，这是肺气将绝的表现，一旦出现气喘胸闷痰鸣，就不能治愈了，如果咽喉清爽不喘，精神如常，用润肺清痰的方法治疗，那么危重的病人还有希望存活。
Whenever a patient with smallpox (or measles, here referring to 麻/麻疹) loses their appetite, it is because the stomach has been invaded by pathogenic factors. Whether this occurs on the third or fourth day, or the fifth or sixth day, it causes no harm. One must absolutely not attempt to treat the anorexia specifically; instead, one should only clear Stomach Fire. Once the rash has fully erupted, the patient will naturally be able to gradually resume eating grain foods. If after the eruption of the rash there is Blood deficiency and Spleen weakness leading to loss of appetite, Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) added with Maiya (Sprouted Hordeum Fructus) and Shenqu (Medicated Leaven) is suitable for treatment. If the patient desires water, it may be given in small amounts, so that the toxic heat will gradually resolve. This is because the rash is characterized as Excess Heat; from onset to resolution, patients invariably prefer cold water, and this should not be prohibited.
When the rash is initially hot but has not yet erupted, and the eyes appear moist like water, this is a normal manifestation. If there is excessive ocular discharge and tearing, it indicates Fire in the Liver and Spleen; regardless of whether it occurs before or after the eruption, clearing Heat is always appropriate. Before the eruption, redness of the sclera indicates Heat in the Lungs, which will resolve spontaneously once the rash erupts. After the rash subsides, if the sclera remains red, it signifies that Lung Fire has not yet exhausted itself, and clearing the Lungs and purging Fire is indicated. If, after the rash subsides, exposure to Wind-Cold leads to redness, ulceration, and tearing of the eye sockets, dispersing Wind and resolving toxicity should be performed urgently. Delaying treatment will result in lifelong complications. If residual toxins enter the eyes after the rash subsides, causing membranes to obscure the pupils, or resulting in conditions such as "pearl eye" or "crab eye," Sun's Xi Gan San (Liver-Washing Powder) should be used. Additionally, for macules/craters entering the eyes causing visual obstruction, Tong Shen San (Spirit-Passing Powder) is used. For residual toxins damaging the eyes, Ming Mu Fang (Bright-Eye Prescription) is employed.
The nose is the orifice of the Lungs; when Lung Qi is clear, the rash emerges easily. If the nose is dry without mucus, it indicates extreme internal heat causing nasal congestion and blockage. Whether observed early or late in the course, this constitutes a severe condition. Alternatively, mucus may be temporarily absent or initially absent, returning as clear mucus once the heat recedes. Or, due to heat toxins, nasal discharge may become dry and crusted, appearing as if there is no mucus; these are all cases of heat-toxin blockage, requiring urgent clearing of heat and detoxification. Once sneezing occurs, mucus flows, and the nasal orifice opens, the toxin is resolved. If toxic fire rushes upward, carrying blood along with Lung Qi, epistaxis (nosebleed) occurs. However, epistaxis contains the principle of dispersion, allowing toxins to exit through bleeding; thus, stopping the bleeding is unnecessary, provided it does not become excessive. Excessive bleeding leads to Blood depletion and Yin exhaustion. In cases of severe epistaxis, Fa Hui San (Hair-Ash Powder) should be insufflated into the nose externally, while Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhino Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) is administered internally to stop the bleeding. Another symptom is alar flaring (nasal flapping), indicating impending failure of Lung Qi. Once wheezing, chest fullness, and rattling phlegm appear, the condition is incurable. However, if the throat is clear, there is no wheezing, and mental spirit remains intact, treating with moistening the Lungs and clearing phlegm may offer hope for survival in critical cases.