赤溪谢玉琼先生。与余同乡。相隔数里。素闻先生有济人利物之事。而于男妇麻疹之书可征
焉。盖麻疹原与痘疮并重。而治痘者有专家。着书孔多。独于麻疹。视为泛常。书后略载数方。致
治麻疹者。不审麻证之轻重。寒热不辨。药性之补与凉。根据方直录。伤生极多。先生不忍。积数十
年之精力。博采古仙之著作而研究之。辨其药性。别其证候。纂成方书。分为一百另八条。余乡间
得其书。而抄传者甚多。其中每有大同小异之处。余窃疑焉。详究先生于是书。历经四改而始成。
故乡间所传写本。因先生先后改正。而有大同小异之说。余近年与先生之侄孙茂萱交好。托伊芳转
求。先生之孙瑞源。出先生晚年亲笔所订之全本。名之曰麻科活人全书。其所谓活人者。原欲活
天下之人。非仅活一乡一邑之人也。余体其志。不惜斧资。付之剞劂。公诸天下。俾治麻疹者、有
专科。而患麻疹者随证用方。根据方治证。则获福无涯矣。是为序。
乾隆五十七年壬子孟春月谷旦安成阜山刘齐珍撰
麻虽胎毒。多带时行。气候暄热。常令男女传染而成。其发也与痘相似。其变也比痘非轻。愚
夫愚妇。每视为泛常。若死若生。总归于天命。不知先起于阳。后归于阴。毒兴于脾。热流于心。脏
腑之伤。肺则尤甚。始终之变。肾则无证。若得治法。方称医圣。闭门问途。不知途中寻径。扬汤止
沸。莫若釜底抽薪。
朱曰 抉出脾心肺三经。俾治者知所注意。
初则发热。有类伤寒。眼胞肿而泪不止。鼻喷嚏而涕不干。咳嗽、少食。作渴发烦。以火照之。
隐隐于皮肤之内。以手摸之。磊磊乎肌肉之间。其形似疥。其色若丹。出现三日。渐收为安。随出
随收。喘急相干。无咳无汗。隐伏之端。根窠若肿兮。麻而兼瘾。皮肤如赤兮。疹尤夹斑。似锦而明
兮。不药而愈。如煤之黑兮。百无一痊。此麻疹之顺逆。须临症以详观。
朱曰 自初发热至色若丹。是历历指出外证。
麻毒最重。治法不同。微汗常出。热势越而不留。二便清调。邪气行而无壅。腠理拂郁兮。即
当发散。脏腑秘结兮。急与疏通。虽衄不必忧。邪从衄解。自利勿遽止。毒以利松。麻后变痢兮。热
毒移于大肠。咳嗽咽痛兮。痰气滞乎心胸。口渴心烦。法在生津养血。饮食减少。治须调胃和中。
余证无常。临期变通。
且如出之太迟。发表为贵。出之太甚。解毒最宜。毋伐天和。必先岁气。寒风凛凛。毒瓦斯郁而
不行。赤日炎炎。邪气乖而作疠。或施温补。勿助其邪。若用寒凉。休犯其胃。制其过但取其平。诛
其暴必欲其正。远寒远热。阴阳之胜负不齐。责实责虚。人品之强弱或异。此乃麻之大旨。医家须当熟记。
至于药性。更宜洞悉。防风荆芥。散腠理之寒邪。紫苏葛根。解营卫之蕴热。苏子擅下气之
能。前胡有疏表之力。款冬消痰止嗽。紫菀通肺开结。石斛行血中之滞气而用。樗根治麻后之白
痢而设。葱白上升。而发散肺胃。莱菔治气。可推墙倒壁。竹茹可止吐呕。柿蒂专疗呃逆。芥子降
气。生地凉血。黄连入心而泻火。黄芩入肺定喘急。元参石膏。治邪火之浮游。栀子连翘。开恶毒
之拂郁。栝蒌润肺止渴。须合麦冬。知母降火生津。必同黄柏。麻仁性能滋润。花粉用以解渴。芍
药住腹痛。勿施于未收之前。白术止脾泄。只用在收尽之日。欲行滞兮。须青皮枳壳而同槟榔。要
分利兮。用赤苓车前而共滑石。尿若涩兮。利以猪苓木通。咽常痛兮。治以大青恶实。元胡活血
止痛。蒲黄逐瘀生血。丹皮破积生新。而引血归经。紫草利肠凉血。而疗疹紫黑。茅根止吐衄。降
除伏火。红花解麻毒。而散肿赤。咽喉若闭兮。射干助以豆根。牙齿生疳兮。文蛤配乎溺白。心神
惊恐兮。镇以辰砂。脏腑闭结兮。利以大黄。葶苈杏仁。治喘气之 。薄荷竹叶。解肤热之烊
烊。火烧人屎。蜜炒麻黄。发斑毒之出现。令邪气之舒张。枳实山楂。助脾胃而化毒。兜铃骨皮。清
肺热以回疮。既识药性。用亦有时。未透表则前胡葛根荆芥防风必用。而已透当除。若已出。则黄芩
黄连栀仁黄柏宜使。而初潮勿施。便闭以丑牛易大黄。免寒胃府。喘急用葶苈弃升麻。怕增吼嘶。
麻色焦枯。生地归尾为要味。症逢紫黑。红花紫草正相资。此用药之元机。则当扩而充之。用药
知时。治有成方。初热欲出未出际。宜用宣毒发表汤（见第五条。除升麻桔梗甘草）剂。已出红肿
太甚者。当施化毒清表汤（见十六条。除桔梗甘草）。证轻者用泻白散（见五十条。除甘草）。合乎
消毒饮（见二十二条除甘草）子。毒重者古方黄连解毒渴（见三十五条）大青汤（方见三十五条除
甘草）与啜尝。若有泄泻。用导赤散（见二十六条。除甘草）以分利。如遇呕吐。命竹茹场（见五十
九条除山楂肉）而相将。庸工浑使苦寒辛热之品。名师不蹈诛伐无过之殃。遵此秘旨。无偏凉误
热之咎。守而勿失。致起死回生之祥。特举一隅。约法三章。
朱曰 石斛甘治胃中虚热。咸能益肾。用凉用散。全在已透表未透表。审证清楚。
麻疹既出。调理甚难。坐卧欲暖。饮食宜淡。风寒若受兮。为肿为热。酸咸不禁分。为咳为喘。
异气纵威。变证宜参。便多脓血兮。仓廪夹热。咳多痰沫兮。华盖伤寒。口烂唇裂。心脾之邪火未
退。毛焦发枯。营卫之津液将干。苟不明乎是证。何以见其折肱。
治此变证。各有奇方。身热不除。生地骨皮汤（见三十条。除甘草）合四物汤（见二十五条）。口
疮苦甚。秘本洗心散（见八十条除麻黄）对三黄丸（见四十八条）。消肿定喘兮。葶苈丸（见五十条。
除丑牛）取效。化痰行气兮。加味二陈汤（见六十条。除半夏甘草）为良。咳嗽气急（除热）清肺汤
（见五十条。除赤芍甘草）。解除肺热而有验。喉痛唇烂败毒散（除柴胡白芍甘草桔梗）。清胃利咽
而消殃。气血已虚。八珍汤（见九十九条）增减而可饮。水谷不纳。石斛清胃散（见五十九条。除赤
芍甘草）以堪尝。利血兮清热导滞汤（见七十二条。除白芍楂肉浓朴甘草）。加桃仁而增红花。咳
血兮元参解毒散（去甘草桔梗粉葛加桑皮贝母黄连）。加茅根而倍地黄。此治麻之大略。继各条
而再详。大抵麻属心火。必须解毒清凉。
败毒散 治麻后口疮唇烂咽喉疼痛
射干 天花粉 连翘 牛蒡子 石膏 生地黄 黄芩 黄柏 元参 淡竹叶 犀角（磨汁）
金银花 丹皮 薄荷 柴胡 白芍 桔梗 甘草 灯心引。水煎服。
元参解毒散 治衄血失血
元参 黄芩 栀仁（炒） 生地黄 荆芥 粉葛 桔梗 甘草 水煎。加茅根汁、京墨水对服。
赤溪谢玉琼先生，与我是同乡，相距仅数里。我素闻先生有救济世人、造福万物的善行，且关于男女麻疹的著作可供考证。
大概麻疹原本与痘疮并重，但治疗痘疮的人有专门专家，著述很多，唯独对麻疹，人们往往视为平常之事，仅在书后略载几个方子，导致治疗麻疹的人，不审察麻疹病证的轻重，不辨别寒热，不了解药性是补益还是清凉，只是照搬方子直接抄录使用，伤害生命的情况非常多。先生不忍心看到这种情况，耗费数十年精力，广泛采集古代仙人的著作进行研究，辨析药性，区分证候，编纂成方书，分为一百零八条。我在乡间得到这本书，传抄的人很多，其中每处都有大同小异的地方，我私下感到疑惑。详细研究先生的这部书，历经四次修改才最终定稿。所以乡间所流传的手抄本，因为先生先后进行了改正，才有了“大同小异”的说法。我近年与先生的侄孙谢茂萱交好，托他代为转求，先生的孙子谢瑞源，拿出了先生晚年亲自修订的全本，命名为《麻科活人全书》。它所说的“活人”，原本是想救活天下的人，不仅仅是救活一个乡、一个邑的人。我体察他的志向，不惜出资，交付刻印，公之于天下，使治疗麻疹的人有专门的学科，而患麻疹的人能根据证候选用方剂，依据方剂治疗证候，那么获得的福报就没有边际了。这就是序言。
乾隆五十七年壬子年孟春月吉日，安成阜山刘齐珍撰写。
麻疹虽然是胎毒，多带有时行疫气的性质。气候温暖炎热，常常令男女传染而成病。它的发作与痘疮相似，但变化比痘疮并不轻。愚昧的百姓，常把它看作平常之事，无论是死是生，都归结于天命。不知道病邪先起于阳分，后归于阴分；毒气兴盛于脾经，热邪流注于心经。脏腑受到损伤，肺脏尤其严重。从发病到痊愈的变化过程中，肾脏没有明显的证候表现。如果掌握了治疗方法，才称得上是医圣。闭门造车问路，不如在途中寻找路径；扬汤止沸，不如釜底抽薪（从根本上解决问题）。
初起时发热，症状类似伤寒，眼睑肿胀且眼泪不止，鼻塞打喷嚏且鼻涕不干，咳嗽、食欲减退，口渴烦躁。用火光照看，隐隐约约在皮肤之内；用手触摸，磊磊落落在肌肉之间。其形状像疥疮，颜色像丹砂。出现三天后，逐渐消退就算平安。随出随收，伴有喘急的是逆证；无咳无汗，疹点隐伏的也是逆证。根窠红肿的，是麻疹兼有瘾疹；皮肤如赤色的，是疹子夹杂斑疹。像锦缎一样明亮的，不用药也能痊愈；像煤炭一样黑色的，百无一治。这是麻疹的顺证和逆证，必须临症详细观察。
麻疹毒气最重，治疗方法不同。微汗经常排出，热势散发而不滞留，二便清调，邪气运行而无壅滞。腠理闭塞郁结的，就应当发散；脏腑秘结不通的，急需疏通。即使鼻出血也不必担忧，邪气随鼻血而解；自发性腹泻不要急于止住，毒气随腹泻而松动。麻疹后变痢疾，是热毒移于大肠；咳嗽咽痛，是痰气阻滞在心胸。口渴心烦，治法在于生津养血；饮食减少，治疗须调胃和中。其他证候无常，临期需灵活变通。
况且出疹太迟，发表透疹最为宝贵；出疹太甚，解毒最为适宜。不要过度伐伤天和之气，必须先考虑岁气气候。寒风凛冽，毒瓦斯郁结而不能外发；烈日炎炎，邪气乖张而成为疠气。或者施以温补，不要助长邪气；若用寒凉，不要侵犯胃气。制约过偏，只求平和；诛除暴烈，必欲中正。远离寒热，阴阳的胜负不齐；责求实虚，人的体质强弱或异。这是麻疹的大旨，医家必须熟记。
至于药性，更应透彻了解。防风、荆芥，疏散腠理的寒邪；紫苏、葛根，解除营卫的蕴热。苏子擅长下气，前胡有疏表之力。款冬花消痰止咳，紫菀通肺开结。石斛行血中之滞气而发挥作用，樗白皮治疗麻疹后的白痢而设立。葱白上升，发散肺胃之邪；莱菔子理气，力量可推墙倒壁。竹茹可止吐呕，柿蒂专疗呃逆。芥子降气，生地凉血。黄连入心而泻火，黄芩入肺定喘急。玄参、石膏，治疗邪火的浮游；栀子、连翘，开通恶毒的拂郁。栝蒌润肺止渴，须合麦冬；知母降火生津，必同黄柏。麻仁性能滋润，花粉用以解渴。芍药止腹痛，不要在未收之前施用；白术止脾泄，只用在收尽之日。欲行滞气，须青皮、枳壳同槟榔；要分利水湿，用赤茯苓、车前子共滑石。尿若涩滞，利以猪苓、木通；咽常疼痛，治以大青、牛蒡子。元胡活血止痛，蒲黄逐瘀生血，丹皮破积生新并引血归经，紫草利肠凉血并治疗疹色紫黑，白茅根止吐衄并降除伏火，红花解麻毒并散肿赤。咽喉若闭，射干助以豆根；牙齿生疳，文蛤配乎溺白（即人中白）。心神惊恐，镇以辰砂；脏腑闭结，利以大黄。葶苈子、杏仁，治疗喘气之……薄荷、竹叶，解除肤热之烊烊。火烧人屎，蜜炒麻黄，发斑毒之出现，令邪气之舒张。枳实、山楂，助脾胃而化毒；兜铃、地骨皮，清肺热以回疮。既识药性，用药也有时机。未透表则前胡、葛根、荆芥、防风必用，而已透当除。若已出，则黄芩、黄连、栀仁、黄柏宜使，而初潮勿施。便闭以牵牛子易大黄，免寒胃府；喘急用葶苈弃升麻，怕增吼嘶。麻色焦枯，生地、归尾为要味；症逢紫黑，红花、紫草正相资。这是用药的玄机，则应当扩而充之。用药知时，治有成方。初热欲出未出之际，宜用宣毒发表汤（见第五条，去升麻、桔梗、甘草）剂；已出红肿太甚的，当施化毒清表汤（见十六条，去桔梗、甘草）；证轻者用泻白散（见五十条，去甘草），合乎消毒饮（见二十二条，去甘草）子；毒重者古方黄连解毒渴（见三十五条）、大青汤（方见三十五条，去甘草）与啜尝。若有泄泻，用导赤散（见二十六条，去甘草）以分利；如遇呕吐，命竹茹汤（见五十九条，去山楂肉）而相将。庸工浑使苦寒辛热之品，名师不蹈诛伐无过之殃。遵此秘旨，无偏凉误热之咎。守而勿失，致起死回生之祥。特举一隅，约法三章。
朱批：石斛甘治胃中虚热，咸能益肾。用凉用散，全在已透表未透表，审证清楚。
麻疹既出，调理甚难。坐卧欲暖，饮食宜淡。风寒若受，为肿为热；酸咸不禁，分而为咳为喘。异气纵威，变证宜参。便多脓血，仓廪夹热；咳多痰沫，华盖伤寒。口烂唇裂，心脾之邪火未退；毛焦发枯，营卫之津液将干。苟不明乎是证，何以见其折肱（指医术高明）。
治疗这些变证，各有奇方。身热不除，生地骨皮汤（见三十条，去甘草）合四物汤（见二十五条）；口疮苦甚，秘本洗心散（见八十条，去麻黄）对三黄丸（见四十八条）；消肿定喘，葶苈丸（见五十条，去牵牛子）取效；化痰行气，加味二陈汤（见六十条，去半夏、甘草）为良；咳嗽气急（除热），清肺汤（见五十条，去赤芍、甘草）解除肺热而有验；喉痛唇烂，败毒散（去柴胡、白芍、甘草、桔梗）清胃利咽而消殃。气血已虚，八珍汤（见九十九条）增减而可饮；水谷不纳，石斛清胃散（见五十九条，去赤芍、甘草）以堪尝。利血，清热导滞汤（见七十二条，去白芍、山楂肉、浓朴、甘草），加桃仁而增红花；咳血，元参解毒散（去甘草、桔梗、粉葛，加桑皮、贝母、黄连），加茅根而倍地黄。此治麻之大略，继各条而再详。大抵麻属心火，必须解毒清凉。
败毒散 治疗麻疹后口疮、唇烂、咽喉疼痛
射干、天花粉、连翘、牛蒡子、石膏、生地黄、黄芩、黄柏、玄参、淡竹叶、犀角（磨汁）、金银花、丹皮、薄荷、柴胡、白芍、桔梗、甘草，灯心草为引，水煎服。
Mr. Xie Yuqiong of Chixi, a fellow townsman of mine, lived only a few li away. I had long heard of his benevolent deeds in saving people and benefiting all things, as well as his authoritative writings on measles for men and women.
Generally, measles was considered equally important with smallpox. However, while there were experts in treating smallpox with numerous publications, measles was often treated casually, with only a few formulas briefly appended to books. This led practitioners to treat measles without assessing the severity of the condition or distinguishing between cold and heat patterns, nor understanding whether the medicinal properties were tonifying or cooling. They simply copied and used these formulas directly, causing great harm to life. Mr. Xie could not bear this situation. He devoted decades of energy to extensively collecting and studying ancient texts, analyzing medicinal properties, and differentiating syndromes. He compiled these into a medical book divided into one hundred and eight sections. When I first obtained this book in my hometown, many copies were circulated, but they contained minor variations. I privately wondered about this. Upon detailed study, I found that Mr. Xie revised the manuscript four times before finalizing it. Thus, the handwritten copies circulating locally varied due to his successive corrections. Recently, having become friendly with his grandnephew, Xie Maoxuan, I requested him to ask on my behalf. Mr. Xie’s grandson, Xie Ruiyuan, produced the complete version personally revised by Mr. Xie in his later years, titled *Maoke Huoren Quanshu* (Complete Book of Measles Treatment for Saving Lives). The term "saving lives" implies saving people throughout the world, not just in one village or town. Appreciating his aspiration, I spared no expense to have it printed and published for the public, so that practitioners would have specialized knowledge, and patients could use appropriate formulas based on their syndromes, thereby gaining boundless benefits. This is the preface.
Written by Liu Qizhen of Fushan, Ancheng, on an auspicious day in the first month of the Renzi year, the 57th year of the Qianlong reign.
Although measles originates from fetal toxin, it often carries epidemic characteristics. Warm and hot climates frequently cause transmission among men and women. Its onset resembles smallpox, but its complications are no less severe. Ignorant people often regard it as trivial, attributing death or survival to fate. They do not know that the pathogen initially arises in the Yang aspect and later returns to the Yin aspect; the toxin flourishes in the Spleen channel, and heat flows into the Heart channel. Among the Zang-Fu organs, the Lungs are particularly damaged. In the progression from onset to recovery, the Kidneys show no specific symptoms. Only by mastering treatment methods can one be called a Medical Sage. Working in isolation is like asking directions while staying indoors; it is better to find the path while traveling. Stopping boiling water by stirring it is inferior to removing firewood from under the pot (addressing the root cause).
Zhu’s Commentary: Identifies the pathology of the Spleen, Heart, and Lung channels, guiding practitioners to focus on key areas.
Initially, fever occurs, resembling Cold Damage (Shanghan). Eyelids swell, tears flow incessantly, the nose feels blocked, sneezing occurs, and nasal discharge does not dry up. There is coughing, loss of appetite, thirst, and irritability. Shining a light reveals faint rashes within the skin; touching the body reveals raised bumps between the muscles. The shape resembles scabies, and the color resembles cinnabar. After appearing for three days, gradual subsidence indicates safety. Rapid appearance and disappearance accompanied by wheezing indicate a adverse course; absence of cough and sweat with hidden rashes also indicates an adverse course. Swollen bases suggest measles combined with urticaria; red skin suggests rashes mixed with macules. Brightness like brocade heals without medication; darkness like coal is incurable. These are the favorable and adverse courses of measles, requiring careful clinical observation.
Zhu’s Commentary: From initial fever to the color resembling cinnabar, this clearly describes external signs.
Measles toxin is heavy, requiring distinct treatments. Frequent mild sweating allows heat to dissipate without retention; clear and regulated bowel and bladder movements allow evil qi to move without obstruction. If pores are closed and stagnant, dispersal is needed; if internal organs are constipated, unblocking is urgent. Epistaxis need not be feared, as evil qi resolves through bleeding; spontaneous diarrhea should not be hastily stopped, as toxin loosens through purging. Post-measels dysentery results from heat toxin moving to the Large Intestine; cough and sore throat result from phlegm and qi stagnation in the chest and heart. Thirst and irritability require generating fluids and nourishing blood; reduced appetite requires regulating the Stomach and harmonizing the middle. Other symptoms vary and require flexibility.
If eruption is too late, releasing the exterior is paramount; if too excessive, resolving toxin is best. Do not excessively damage the Harmonious Qi; consider the annual climate. Biting cold causes toxin to stagnate; intense heat causes evil qi to become malignant. Warm tonification must not aid evil; cold clearing must not injure the Stomach. Moderate extremes to achieve balance; correct violence to restore righteousness. Distance from extreme cold and heat depends on the balance of Yin and Yang; addressing excess or deficiency depends on individual constitution. This is the general principle of measles, which physicians must memorize.
Medicinal properties must be thoroughly understood. Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) and Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba) disperse cold evil from the pores; Zisu (Perillae Folium) and Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) resolve heat in the Ying and Wei levels. Su Zi (Perillae Fructus) descends qi; Qianhu (Peucedani Radix) releases the exterior. Kua Dong Hua (Adenophorae Radix) resolves phlegm and stops cough; Zi Wan (Asteris Radix) opens the Lungs. Shihu (Dendrobii Caulis) moves stagnant qi in the blood; Chu Bai Pi (Toosendan Cortex) treats post-measels white dysentery. Cong Bai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus) ascends to disperse Lung and Stomach pathogens; Lai Fu Zi (Raphani Semen) regulates qi powerfully. Zhu Ru (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia) stops vomiting; Shi Di (Fici Fructus) treats hiccups. Jie Zi (Sinapis Semen) descends qi; Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) cools blood. Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma) enters the Heart to drain fire; Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) enters the Lungs to calm wheezing. Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix) and Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum) treat floating pathogenic fire; Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus) and Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus) open toxic stagnation. Gua Lou (Trichosanthis Fructus) moistens the Lungs and stops thirst, combined with Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix); Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) drains fire and generates fluids, combined with Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex). Ma Ren (Semen Cannabis) is moistening; Hua Fen (Trichosanthis Radix) relieves thirst. Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix) stops abdominal pain but should not be used before resolution; Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) stops Spleen diarrhea and is used only after resolution. To move stagnation, combine Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus), and Bing Lang (Arecae Semen); to promote diuresis, combine Chi Ling (Polypori Umbilicati Mycelium), Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen), and Hua Shi (Talcum). For difficult urination, use Zhu Ling (Polypori Poriae Mycelium) and Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis); for persistent sore throat, use Da Qing Ye (Isatidis Folium) and Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus). Yuan Hu (Corydalis Rhizoma) invigorates blood and stops pain; Pu Huang (Typhae Pollen) removes stasis and generates blood; Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex) breaks accumulation, generates new tissue, and guides blood back to vessels; Zi Cao (Arnebiae Radix et Rhizoma) benefits the intestines, cools blood, and treats purple-black rashes; Mao Gen (Imperatae Rhizoma) stops vomiting and epistaxis, descending latent fire; Hong Hua (Carthami Flos) resolves measles toxin and disperses swelling and redness. For closed throat, she Gan (Belamcandae Rhizoma) assists Dou Gen (Phaseoli Semen); for dental caries, Wen Ge (Concha Arcae) pairs with Niao Bai (Urina Hominis preparata). For fright and palpitations, use Chen Sha (Cinnabaris); for organ closure, use Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma). Ting Li Zi (Descurainiae Semen) and Xing Ren (Persicae Semen) treat wheezing; Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) and Zhu Ye (Bambusae Folium) relieve skin heat. Burnt human feces and Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) fried in honey erupt spotted toxins and expand evil qi. Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) and Shan Zha (Crataegi Fructus) assist the Spleen and Stomach in resolving toxin; Lou Lu (Halesiae Fructus) and Gu Pi (Phellodendri Cortex) clear Lung heat to heal sores. Knowing medicinal properties, timing is crucial. Before eruption, Qianhu, Gegen, Jingjie, and Fangfeng are essential; remove them once erupted. After eruption, Huang Qin, Huang Lian, Zhi Zi, and Huang Bo are suitable, but avoid early stages. For constipation, replace Da Huang with Chou Niu (Pharbitidis Semen) to avoid chilling the Stomach; for wheezing, use Ting Li Zi instead of Sheng Ma to avoid worsening stridor. For scorched-dry rash color, Sheng Di Huang and Gui Wei (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) are key; for purple-black symptoms, Hong Hua and Zi Cao are supportive. This is the mechanism of medication, which should be expanded. With proper timing, established formulas apply. At the initial fever stage, before eruption, use Xuandu Fabiao Tang (Decoction for Dispersing Toxicity and Releasing the Exterior) (see Section 5, remove Sheng Ma, Jie Geng, Gan Cao). For severe redness and swelling after eruption, use Huadu Qingbiao Tang (Decoction for Resolving Toxicity and Clearing the Exterior) (see Section 16, remove Jie Geng, Gan Cao). For mild cases, use Xie Bai San (Powder for Draining the White/Lungs) (see Section 50, remove Gan Cao), aligning with Xiaodu Yin (Infusion for Eliminating Toxicity) (see Section 22, remove Gan Cao). For severe toxicity, drink ancient formulas such as Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Decoction for Resolving Toxicity with Coptis) (see Section 35) or Da Qing Tang (Great Blue Decoction) (see Section 35, remove Gan Cao). For diarrhea, use Dao Chi San (Powder for Guiding Out Heat) (see Section 26, remove Gan Cao) to separate and drain; for vomiting, use Zhuru Tang (Bamboo Sheath Decoction) (see Section 59, remove Shan Zha Rou) to assist. Quacks indiscriminately use bitter-cold and pungent-hot substances; master physicians avoid punishing the innocent. Following these secret principles avoids errors of over-cooling or mis-warming. Adhere to them to achieve miraculous recoveries. I present one corner as an example, establishing three rules.
Zhu’s Commentary: Shihu sweetly treats deficient heat in the Stomach and salty nature benefits the Kidney. Whether using cooling or dispersing methods depends entirely on whether the exterior has been released; syndromes must be clearly assessed.
After measles eruption, nursing is difficult. Sitting and sleeping require warmth; diet should be bland. Exposure to wind and cold causes swelling and heat; intolerance to sour and salty flavors leads to cough and wheezing. Malignant qi may cause complications, requiring reference to changes. Pus and blood in stool indicate damp-heat in the Granary; profuse phlegm foam indicates Cold Damage affecting the Canopy (Lungs). Mouth ulcers and cracked lips indicate lingering pathogenic fire in the Heart and Spleen; dry hair and withered scalp indicate depletion of Ying and Wei fluids. Without understanding these syndromes, how can one demonstrate medical expertise?
Each complication has unique formulas. Persistent fever: Dihuang Gupi Tang (Decoction of Rehmannia and Phellodendron Bark) (see Section 30, remove Gan Cao) combined with Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) (see Section 25). Severe mouth ulcers: Miben Xixin San (Secret Origin Mind-Washing Powder) (see Section 80, remove Mahuang) paired with Sanhuang Wan (Three Yellows Pill) (see Section 48). To reduce swelling and calm wheezing: Tingli Wan (Descurainia Seed Pill) (see Section 50, remove Chou Niu) is effective. To resolve phlegm and regulate qi: Jiawei Erchen Tang (Modified Two-Chen Decoction) (see Section 60, remove Banxia, Gan Cao) is excellent. For cough and rapid breathing (excluding heat): Qingfei Tang (Clear Lung Decoction) (see Section 50, remove Chi Shao, Gan Cao) effectively clears Lung heat. For sore throat and lip ulcers: Baidu San (Resolving Toxicity Powder) (remove Chai Hu, Bai Shao, Gan Cao, Jie Geng) clears the Stomach and benefits the throat. For Qi and Blood deficiency: Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction) (see Section 99) adjusted for consumption. For inability to ingest food/water: Shihu Qingwei San (Dendrobium Clearing Stomach Powder) (see Section 59, remove Chi Shao, Gan Cao) is suitable. For bloody stools: Qingre Daozhi Tang (Heat-Clearing and Obstruction-Relieving Decoction) (see Section 72, remove Bai Shao, Shan Zha Rou, Hou Po, Gan Cao) with added Tao Ren and increased Hong Hua. For hemoptysis: Yuanshen Jiedu San (Scrophularia Resolving-Toxicity Powder) (remove Gan Cao, Jie Geng, Ge Gen; add Sang Bai Pi, Bei Mu, Huang Lian) with added Mao Gen and doubled Di Huang. This is the general approach to treating measles, detailed further in subsequent sections. Generally, measles belongs to Heart Fire, requiring detoxification and cooling.
Baidu San (Resolving Toxicity Powder) Treats mouth ulcers, lip ulcers, and sore throat after measles.
She Gan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Tian Hua Fen (Trichosanthis Radix), Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Dan Zhu Ye (Bambusae Folium), Xi Jiao (Rhino Ceratoss - ground into juice), Jin Yin Hua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex), Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix), Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). Use Deng Xin Cao (Junci Medullia) as a guide. Decoct in water and take orally.
Yuanshen Jiedu San (Scrophularia Resolving-Toxicity Powder) Treats epistaxis and hemorrhage.
Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Zhi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus - stir-fried), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Fen Ge (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). Decoct in water. Add Mao Gen汁 (Juice of Imperatae Rhizoma) and Jing Mo Shui (Ink Water from Beijing) to mix and take.