木火土金水，有平气，有不及之气，有太过之气，皆其常也。天气制于上，运气主于中，万物生
化，五虫孕育，有盛有衰，是其政也。五运根中，六气根外，化不可代，时不可违，皆为五常之政，故以名篇。
黄帝问曰∶太虚寥廓，五运回薄，衰盛不同，损益相从，愿闻平气，何如而名？何如而纪也？
太虚寥廓，天之幽远广大也。五运回薄，五行环回，根据薄于太虚之中也。五运回薄，其中有衰盛
不同，因有损益相从，衰损则不及，盛益则太过，平气则不衰不盛，无损无益。故愿闻平气，何如
而立其名，何如而定其纪？立名定纪，下文岐伯所言者是也。
岐伯对曰∶昭乎哉问也！木曰敷和，火曰升明，土曰备化，金曰审平，水曰静顺。
敷布阳和，木之性也。上升明显，火之性也。化物周备，土之性也。审束平定，金之性也。沉
静柔顺，水之性也。此五运平气，而有如是之名也。
帝曰∶其不及奈何？岐伯曰∶木曰委和，火曰伏明，土曰卑
监，金曰从革，水曰涸流。
委和，阳和不敷而委弱也。伏明，明显不升而下伏也。卑监，化成不备，卑以自监也。从革，
平定不审，从而变革也。涸流，静顺有愆，其流干涸也。此五运不及，而有如是之名也。
帝曰∶太过何谓？岐伯曰∶木曰发生，火曰赫曦，土曰敦阜，金曰坚成，水曰流行。
发生，生育峻发也，赫曦，曦耀显赫也。阜，阜高敦浓也。坚
成，成物坚刚也。流衍，其流衍溢也。此五运太过，而有如是之名也。
帝曰∶三气之纪，愿闻其候。
三气，谓平气，太过，不及之气也。纪，年数也。候，五运之纪，各有时候也。
岐伯曰∶悉乎哉问也！敷和之纪，木德周行，阳舒阴布，五化
宣平，其气端，其性随，其用曲直，其化生荣，其类草木，其政发
散，其候温和，其令风，其藏肝，肝其畏清，其主目，其谷麻，其
果李，其实核，其应春，其虫毛，其畜犬，其色苍，其养筋，其病
里急支满，其味酸，其音角，其物中坚，其数八。
木之平气曰敷和。故敷和之纪，木德周布宣行，阳气以舒，阴气以布，五行各有所化。一气平则五气皆
平，故五化宣平。其气端，木之正直也。其性随，木之柔顺也。其用曲直，木之枝干也。其化生荣，木之
茂密也。其类草木，凡有形草木皆其类也。其政发散，木之条达也。其候温和，春时之气也。其令风，风
为木之号令也。其藏肝，肝属木也。肝其畏清，木畏金也。其主目，目为肝窍也。麻体直而色苍，为五谷
之首，故其谷麻。李色青而味酸，故其果李。核内有仁，木生之本，故其实核。春气温和，故其应春。毛
虫通体皆毛，犹木之森丛，故其虫毛。犬性勇往直前，犹春之迅发，故其畜犬。苍者木之色，故其色苍。
筋者肝所主，故其养筋。其病里急支满，肝气不达也。酸者，木之味。角者，木之音。凡具
木体之物，其中必坚。八者，木之成数也。
升明之纪，正阳而治，德施周普，五化均衡，其气高，其性速，其用燔灼，其化蕃茂，其类
火，其欧明曜，其候炎暑，其令热，其藏心，心其畏寒，其主舌，其谷麦，其果杏，其
实络，其应夏，其虫羽，其畜马，其色赤，其养血，其病 ，其味苦，其音
征，其物脉，其数七。
火之平气曰升明。火位南方，故升明之纪，正阳而治，阳气四布，故德施周普。火气平，则五行之
化气皆平，故五化均衡。其气高，火之上炎也。其性速，火之急烈也。其用燔灼，火之焚热也。
其他蕃茂，火之广大也。其类火，凡有形之火皆其类也。其政明曜，火之光焰也。其候炎暑，夏时之气也。
其令热；热为火之号含也。其藏心，心属火也。心其畏寒，火畏水也。其主舌，舌为心窍也。麦春生夏熟，
故其谷麦。杏色赤味苦，故其果杏。络脉横逼，火散之象，故其实络。夏气炎暑，故其应夏。羽虫飞翔戾天，
犹火之炎上，故其虫羽。马，干象，主天，天以日光明，故其畜马。赤者，火之色，故其色赤。血者心所主，
故其养血。其病 ，火气不周也。苦者，火之味。微者，火之音。凡具火体之物，必有络
脉。七者，火之成数也。
备化之纪，气协天休，德流四政，五化齐修，其气平，其性顺，其用高下，其化丰满，其类土，
其政安静，其候溽蒸，其令湿，其藏脾，脾其畏风，其变口，其谷稷，其果枣，其实肉，其应
长夏，其虫保，其畜牛，其色黄，其养肉，其病否，其味甘，其音宫，其物肤，其数五。
否，批上声，下同。
土之平气曰备化。天生地成，故备化之纪。气协天休，土王四时，故德流四政。土气平，则五行之化
气皆平，故五化齐修。其气平，土之中正也。其性顺，土之柔和也。其用高下。土之山泽也。
其化丰满，土之敦浓也。其类土，凡有形之土皆其类也。其政安静，土之镇重也。其候溽蒸，长夏之气也。
其令湿，湿为土之号令也。其藏脾，脾属土也。脾其畏风，土畏木也。其主口，口为脾窍也。稷似黍而色 ，
故其谷稷。枣味甘而肉黄，故其果枣。肉形丰浓而敦阜，故其实肉。长夏之气溽蒸，故其应长夏。保虫肉体无
毛，犹上之柔润，故其虫保。牛，坤象，属地，地主生物，故其畜牛。黄者，土之色，故其色黄。肉
者脾所主，故其养肉。其病痞
塞，土气不升也。甘者土之味，宫者土之音。凡具土体之物，必有
肤肉。五者，土之生数也。《六元正纪大论》云，土常以生，故不举成数而举生数也。
审平之纪，收而不争，杀而无犯，五化宣明，其气洁，其性刚，其用散落，其化坚敛，其类
金，其政劲肃，其候清切，其令燥，其脏肺，肺其畏热，其主鼻，其谷稻，其果桃，其实谷，
其应秋，其虫介，其畜鸡，其色白，其养皮毛，其病咳，其味辛，其音
商，其物外坚，其数九。
金之平气曰审平。秋时收杀，金气主之，故审平之纪，收而不争，杀而无犯，金气平，则五行之化气
皆平，故五化宣明。其气洁，金之净白也。其性刚，金之坚锐也。其用散落，金之肃杀也。其化
坚敛，金之凝束也。其类金，凡有形之金皆其类也。其政劲肃，金之健利也。其候清切，秋时之气也。其
令燥，燥为金之号令也。其脏肺，肺属金也。肺其畏热，金畏火也。其主鼻，鼻为肺窍也。稻
米完而稻薪坚，故其谷稻。桃外壳而内肉白，故其果桃，桃，胡桃也。壳包乎外，金之介甲，故其实壳。秋
风清切，故其应秋。介虫负甲而外坚，犹金之甲胃，故其虫介。鸡，支酉，属金，而喜斗，
犹金之攻伐，故其畜鸡。白者金之色，故其色的。皮毛者肺所主，故其养皮毛。其病欲，肺气不和也。率
者余之味，商者金之音。凡具金体之物，其外必坚。九者，金之成数也。
静顺之纪，藏而勿害，治而善下，五化咸整，其气明，其性下
下，其用沃衍，其化凝坚，其类水，其政流演，其候凝肃，其令
寒，其脏肾，肾其畏湿，其主二阴，其谷豆，其果栗，其实濡，其
应冬，其虫鳞，其畜彘，其色黑，其养骨髓，其病厥，其味咸，其
音羽，其物濡，其数穴。
首藏如字。
水之平气曰静顺。冬时水气下藏，故静顺之纪，藏而勿害，治而善下，水气平则五行之化气皆平，
故五化咸整。其气明，水之清也。其性下，水之流也。其用沃衍，水之充灌也。其化凝坚，水之
作冰也，其类水，凡有形之水皆其类也。其政流演，水泉不竭也。其候凝肃，冬时之气也。其令寒，寒为
水之号会也。其脏肾，肾属水也。肾其畏湿，水畏土也。其主二阴，二阴为肾窍也。豆下沉而
性寒，故其谷豆。栗壳紫而形象肾，故其果栗。濡，润而滋水之液也，故其实濡。冬气凝肃，故其应冬。
鳞虫生于水而长于水，故其虫鳞。彘，支亥，而质寒，故其畜彘。黑者，水之色，故其色黑。
骨髓者，肾所主，故其养骨髓。其病厥冷，肾气不和也。咸者，水之味，羽者，水之音。凡具水体之物，其
质必濡。六者，水之成数也。
故生而勿杀，长而勿罚，化而勿制，收而勿害，藏而勿抑，是谓平气。
长，上声，藏如字，下长同。
总结上文而言敷和之纪，故生而勿杀；新明之纪，长而勿罚；备化之纪，化而勿制；审
平之纪，收而勿害；静顺之纪，藏而勿抑，是谓五运之平气。
委和之纪，是谓胜生，生气不政，化气乃扬，长气自平，收令
乃蚤，凉雨时降，风云并兴，草木晚荣，苍干凋落，物秀而实，肤
肉内充，其气敛，其用聚，其动缓戾拘缓，其发惊骇，其藏肝，其
果春季，其实核壳，其谷稷稻，其味酸辛，其色白苍，其畜犬鸡，
其虫毛介，其主雾露凄怆，其声角商，其病摇动注恐，从金化也，
少角与判商同，上角与正角同，上商与正商同，其病支废，痈肿疮
疡，其甘虫，邪伤肝也，上宫与正宫同，肖瑟肃杀，则炎赫沸腾，
青于三，所谓复也，其主飞虫蛆雉，乃为雷霆。
少，去声，下俱同。
木主春生，不及则金胜，木运不及曰委和。故委和之纪，是谓胜生。生气不政，木气虚也。化气乃
扬，土不畏木也。长气自平，木不生火也。收令乃早，金胜木也。木不及则金胜，而土无畏，故三
气并行。盖凉为金气，云雨为土气，风为木气，故凉雨时降，风云
并兴。木不及，故早木晚荣。金气胜，故苍干凋落。化气与秋成之气专令，故物秀而实。土主肤肉，故肤
肉内充。金主收敛，故其气
敛。木主生聚，故其用聚。筋不柔和，故其动 戾拘缓。东方肝木，其病发惊骇，故其发惊骇。其藏肝，土
无畏而金气胜，则木土金并主其事。其果枣李，土与木也。其实核壳，木与金也。其谷稷稻，土与金也。其
味酸辛，木与金也。其色白苍，金与木也。其畜犬鸡，其虫毛介，木与金也。其主雾露凄怆，金气胜也。其
声角商，木与金也。其病摇动注恐，摇动者，风木之象也，摇动注恐，水不生木也。凡此木土金并主其事，
乃木气不及，从金化而然也。木运不及，故曰少角。判，犹半也，金胜用事，半属金运，故少角与判商同。
木气司天，谓之上角，木之平气，谓之正角，木运不及，得司天之助，则木气敷和，故上角与正角同。金
气司天，谓之上商金之平气，谓之正商，金胜其木，又值金气司天，金全用事，故上商与正商同。其病
不但摇动注恐，且筋不和而支废，血不和而痈肿疮疡，犹木 虫生，故曰其甘虫。凡此摇动注恐、支废、
痈肿、疮疡，乃邪伤肝也。土气司天，谓之上宫，土之平气，谓之正宫，木运不及，土无所畏，又值土气
司天，则土气备化，故上宫与正宫同，肃瑟肃杀，金刑木也，炎赫沸腾，子火气复也。肃瑟肃杀，则
木受金刑，故曰青于三。盖东方居三宫震位，木也；南方居九宫离位，火也；中央居五宫土位，四维也；西
方居七宫兑位，金也；北方居一宫坎位，水也。下文眚数，皆由此也。则炎赫沸腾，乃木之
子火复胜其金，故曰所谓复也。复则火气胜，故其主飞虫蠹虫蛆虫雉鸟，乃为雷霆。盖飞者，火虫也；蠹
者木所生，木生火也；蛆者，蝇之子，火虫所生也；雉为离禽，亦火虫也；震为雷，雷迅曰
霆，雷霆，木郁而火发也。复则火气胜而如是也。
伏明之纪，是谓胜长，长气不室，藏气反布，收气自政，化令
乃衡，寒清数举，暑令乃薄，承化物生，生而不长，成实而稚，遇
化已老，阳气屈伏，蛰虫蚤藏，其气郁，其用暴，其动彰伏变易，
其发痛，其脏心，其果栗桃，其实络濡，其谷豆稻，其味苦咸，其
色玄丹，其畜马彘，其虫羽鳞，其主冰雪霜寒，其声征羽，其病昏惑
悲忘，从水化也，少征与少羽同，上商与正商同，邪伤心也，凝惨
溧冽，则豪雨霖霪，眚于九，其主骤注，雷霆震惊，沉 淫雨。
上二脏，如字，数，音朔，下同， ，音阴。
火运不及曰伏明。火主夏长，不及则水胜，故伏明之纪是谓胜长。长气不宣，火气虚也。藏气反布，
水胜火也。收气自政，金无畏也。衡，平也，言不盛也。化气乃衡，火不生土也。寒为水气，
清为金气，水气胜而金无畏，故寒清数举。暑为火气，火不及故暑令乃薄。《六微旨大论》云，物之生，从
于化，故承化物生。承化物生而火气虚，故生而不长，不长，故虽成实而犹稚小。遇长夏之化气，则物已老。
火不及，故阳气屈伏。水用事，故蛰虫早藏。火气不充，故其气郁。郁而不和，故其用暴。心气不舒，故其
动彰明内伏，变易为寒。火气虚寒，其病则痛，故其发痛。其脏心，水气胜而金无畏，则火水金之气并主其
事。其果栗桃，水与金也。其实络濡，火与水也。其谷豆稻，水与金也。其味苦咸，火与水也其色
玄丹，水与火也。其畜马彘其虫羽鳞，火水也。其主水雪霜寒，水气胜也。其声征羽，火与水也。其病神虚
则昏惑，心虚则悲忘。凡此火水金并主其事，乃火气不及，从水化而然也。火运不及，故曰
木、火、土、金、水五行，有平和之气，有不及之气，有过盛之气，这些都是正常的规律。天气在上制约，运气在中主导，万物生长化育，五类虫类孕育，有盛有衰，这就是它们的政令。五运以中气为根本，六气以外气为根本，变化不可代替，时令不可违背，这都是五常（五行）的政令，所以用这个来命名篇章。
黄帝问道：太虚辽阔广大，五运循环激荡，盛衰不同，损益相随，我想听听什么是平气，它叫什么名字？如何确立它的纪纲呢？
太虚辽阔广大，是指天道的幽深远大。五运循环激荡，是指五行在太虚之中环回相薄。五运循环激荡中，其中有盛衰的不同，因此有损益的相随，衰损就是不及，盛益就是太过，平气则既不衰也不盛，没有损也没有益。所以想问平气，如何确立它的名称，如何确定它的纪纲？确立名称和纪纲，是下文岐伯所说的内容。
岐伯回答说：问得真明白啊！木称为敷和，火称为升明，土称为备化，金称为审平，水称为静顺。
敷布阳和之气，是木的特性。上升明显，是火的特性。化物周备，是土的特性。审束平定，是金的特性。沉静柔顺，是水的特性。这五运的平气，就有这样的名称。
黄帝说：不及的情况怎么样？岐伯说：木称为委和，火称为伏明，土称为卑监，金称为从革，水称为涸流。
委和，是指阳和不敷布而委弱。伏明，是指明显不升而下伏。卑监，是指化成不周备，卑微以自监。从革，是指平定不审慎，从而变革。涸流，是指静顺有差错，其水流干涸。这五运的不及，就有这样的名称。
黄帝说：太过是什么意思？岐伯说：木称为发生，火称为赫曦，土称为敦阜，金称为坚成，水称为流行。
发生，是指生育峻发。赫曦，是指曦耀显赫。阜，是指高厚敦浓。坚成，是指成物坚刚。流衍，是指其流溢。这五运的太过，就有这样的名称。
黄帝说：这三种气的纪纲，我想听听它们的表现。
三气，指平气、太过、不及之气。纪，指年数。候，指五运的纪纲，各有对应的时令表现。
岐伯说：问得真详细啊！敷和的纪纲，木德周遍运行，阳气舒展阴气布散，五行化育宣通平和，其气端正，其性随和，其作用曲直，其化生繁荣，其类别属草木，其政令发散，其气候温和，其令为风，其脏应肝，肝怕清凉，其主窍为目，其谷为麻，其果为李，其果实为核，其对应春季，其虫为毛虫，其畜为犬，其色为苍，其滋养筋，其病为里急支满，其味为酸，其音为角，其物体中坚，其数为八。
木的平气叫敷和。所以敷和的纪纲，木德周布宣行，阳气舒展，阴气布散，五行各自有所化育。一气平和则五气皆平和，所以五化宣通平和。其气端正，是木的正直。其性随和，是木的柔顺。其作用曲直，是木的枝干形态。其化生繁荣，是木的茂密。其类草木，凡有形体的草木都是其类。其政发散，是木的条达。其候温和，是春时的气候。其令为风，风是木的号令。其脏为肝，肝属木。肝怕清凉，因为木畏金。其主窍为目，目是肝之窍。麻体直而色苍，为五谷之首，所以其谷为麻。李色青而味酸，所以其果为李。核内有仁，是木生之本，所以其实为核。春气温和，所以应春。毛虫通体皆毛，像树木的森丛，所以其虫为毛。犬性勇往直前，像春天的迅发，所以其畜为犬。苍是木之色，所以其色苍。筋是肝所主，所以养筋。其病里急支满，是肝气不达。酸是木之味。角是木之音。凡具木体之物，其中必坚。八是木的成数。
升明的纪纲，正阳而治，德施周普，五化均衡，其气高，其性速，其作用燔灼，其化蕃茂，其类火，其政令明曜，其气候炎暑，其令为热，其脏应心，心怕寒，其主窍为舌，其谷为麦，其果为杏，其果实为络，其对应夏季，其虫为羽虫，其畜为马，其色为赤，其养血，其病为心痛（原文缺字，据意补），其味为苦，其音为征，其物体有脉络，其数为七。
火的平气叫升明。火位南方，所以升明的纪纲，正阳而治，阳气四布，所以德施周普。火气平和，则五行之化气皆平和，所以五化均衡。其气高，是火之上炎。其性速，是火之急烈。其作用燔灼，是火之焚热。其他蕃茂，是火之广大。其类火，凡有形之火都是其类。其政令明曜，是火之光焰。其候炎暑，是夏时之气。其令为热，热是火之号令。其脏为心，心属火。心怕寒，因为火畏水。其主窍为舌，舌是心之窍。麦春生夏熟，所以其谷为麦。杏色赤味苦，所以其果为杏。络脉横逼，是火散之象，所以其实为络。夏气炎暑，所以应夏。羽虫飞翔戾天，像火之炎上，所以其虫为羽。马，干象，主天，天以日光明，所以其畜为马。赤是火之色，所以其色赤。血是心所主，所以养血。其病心痛，是火气不周。苦是火之味。微者，火之音（注：原文此处可能有误，通常火音为徵，但译文依原文逻辑）。凡具火体之物，必有脉络。七是火的成数。
备化的纪纲，气协天休，德流四政，五化齐修，其气平，其性顺，其作用高下，其化丰满，其类土，其政令安静，其气候溽蒸，其令为湿，其脏应脾，脾怕风，其变为痞，其谷为稷，其果为枣，其果实为肉，其对应长夏，其虫为保虫，其畜为牛，其色为黄，其养肉，其病为痞塞，其味甘，其音为宫，其物体有肤，其数为五。
痞，读批上声，下同。
土的平气叫备化。天生地成，所以备化的纪纲。气协天休，土王四时，所以德流四政。土气平和，则五行之化气皆平和，所以五化齐修。其气平，是土之中正。其性顺，是土之柔和。其作用高下，是土之山泽。其化丰满，是土之敦浓。其类土，凡有形之土都是其类。其政令安静，是土之镇重。其候溽蒸，是长夏之气。其令为湿，湿是土之号令。其脏为脾，脾属土。脾怕风，因为土畏木。其主窍为口，口是脾之窍。稷似黍而色黄，所以其谷为稷。枣味甘而肉黄，所以其果为枣。肉形丰浓而敦阜，所以其实为肉。长夏之气溽蒸，所以应长夏。保虫肉体无毛，像土之柔润，所以其虫为保。牛，坤象，属地，地主生物，所以其畜为牛。黄是土之色，所以其色黄。肉是脾所主，所以养肉。其病痞塞，是土气不升。甘是土之味，宫是土之音。凡具土体之物，必有肤肉。五是土的生数。《六元正纪大论》说，土常以生，所以不举成数而举生数。
审平的纪纲，收而不争，杀而无犯，五化宣明，其气洁，其性刚，其作用散落，其化坚敛，其类金，其政令劲肃，其气候清切，其令为燥，其脏应肺，肺怕热，其主窍为鼻，其谷为稻，其果为桃，其果实为壳，其对应秋季，其虫为介虫，其畜为鸡，其色为白，其养皮毛，其病为咳，其味为辛，其音为商，其物体外坚，其数为九。
金的平气叫审平。秋时收杀，金气主之，所以审平的纪纲，收而不争，杀而无犯，金气平和，则五行之化气皆平和，所以五化宣明。其气洁，是金之净白。其性刚，是金之坚锐。其作用散落，是金之肃杀。其化坚敛，是金之凝束。其类金，凡有形之金都是其类。其政令劲肃，是金之健利。其候清切，是秋时之气。其令为燥，燥是金之号令。其脏为肺，肺属金。肺怕热，因为金畏火。其主窍为鼻，鼻是肺之窍。稻米完而稻薪坚，所以其谷为稻。桃外壳而内肉白，所以其果为桃，桃即胡桃。壳包乎外，是金之介甲，所以其实为壳。秋风清切，所以应秋。介虫负甲而外坚，像金之甲胃，所以其虫为介。鸡，支酉，属金，而喜斗，像金之攻伐，所以其畜为鸡。白是金之色，所以其色白。皮毛是肺所主，所以养皮毛。其病咳，是肺气不和。辛是金之味，商是金之音。凡具金体之物，其外必坚。九是金的成数。
静顺的纪纲，藏而勿害，治而善下，五化咸整，其气明，其性下下，其作用沃衍，其化凝坚，其类水，其政令流演，其气候凝肃，其令为寒，其脏应肾，肾怕湿，其主窍为二阴，其谷为豆，其果为栗，其果实为濡，其对应冬季，其虫为鳞虫，其畜为彘，其色为黑，其养骨髓，其病为厥，其味为咸，其音为羽，其物体濡，其数为六。
首藏如字。
水的平气叫静顺。冬时水气下藏，所以静顺的纪纲，藏而勿害，治而善下，水气平和则五行之化气皆平和，所以五化咸整。其气明，是水之清。其性下，是水之流。其作用沃衍，是水之充灌。其化凝坚，是水之作冰。其类水，凡有形之水都是其类。其政令流演，是水泉不竭。其候凝肃，是冬时之气。其令为寒，寒是水之号令。其脏为肾，肾属水。肾怕湿，因为水畏土。其主窍为二阴，二阴是肾之窍。豆下沉而性寒，所以其谷为豆。栗壳紫而形象肾，所以其果为栗。濡，润而滋水之液，所以其实为濡。冬气凝肃，所以应冬。鳞虫生于水而长于水，所以其虫为鳞。彘，支亥，而质寒，所以其畜为彘。黑是水之色，所以其色黑。骨髓是肾所主，所以养骨髓。其病厥冷，是肾气不和。咸是水之味，羽是水之音。凡具水体之物，其质必濡。六是水的成数。
所以生而勿杀，长而勿罚，化而勿制，收而勿害，藏而勿抑，这叫做平气。
长，读上声，藏如字，下长同。
总结上文而言，敷和之纪，故生而勿杀；升明之纪，长而勿罚；备化之纪，化而勿制；审平之纪，收而勿害；静顺之纪，藏而勿抑，这叫做五运的平气。
委和的纪纲，叫做胜生，生气不施政令，化气乃扬，长气自平，收令乃早，凉雨时降，风云并兴，草木晚荣，苍干凋落，物秀而实，肤肉内充，其气敛，其用聚，其动缓戾拘缓，其发惊骇，其脏应肝，其果为枣李，其实为核壳，其谷为稷稻，其味为酸辛，其色为白苍，其畜为犬鸡，其虫为毛介，其主雾露凄怆，其声为角商，其病为摇动注恐，从金化也，少角与判商同，上角与正角同，上商与正商同，其病为支废，痈肿疮疡，其甘虫，邪伤肝也，上宫与正宫同，肖瑟肃杀，则炎赫沸腾，青于三，所谓复也，其主飞虫蛆雉，乃为雷霆。
少，去声，下俱同。
木主春生，不及则金胜，木运不及叫委和。所以委和的纪纲，叫做胜生。生气不政，是木气虚。化气乃扬，是土不畏木。长气自平，是木不生火。收令乃早，是金胜木。木不及则金胜，而土无畏，所以三气并行。盖凉为金气，云雨为土气，风为木气，所以凉雨时降，风云并兴。木不及，所以草木晚荣。金气胜，所以苍干凋落。化气与秋成之气专令，所以物秀而实。土主肤肉，所以肤肉内充。金主收敛，所以其气敛。木主生聚，所以其用聚。筋不柔和，所以其动缓戾拘缓。东方肝木，其病发惊骇，所以其发惊骇。其脏应肝，土无畏而金气胜，则木土金并主其事。其果枣李，土与木也。其实核壳，木与金也。其谷稷稻，土与金也。其味酸辛，木与金也。其色白苍，金与木也。其畜犬鸡，其虫毛介，木与金也。其主雾露凄怆，金气胜也。其声角商，木与金也。其病摇动注恐，摇动者，风木之象也，摇动注恐，水不生木也。凡此木土金并主其事，乃木气不及，从金化而然也。木运不及，所以叫少角。判，犹半也，金胜用事，半属金运，所以少角与判商同。木气司天，叫上角，木之平气，叫正角，木运不及，得司天之助，则木气敷和，所以上角与正角同。金气司天，叫上商，金之平气，叫正商，金胜其木，又值金气司天，金全用事，所以上商与正商同。其病不但摇动注恐，且筋不和而支废，血不和而痈肿疮疡，犹木虫生，所以说其甘虫。凡此摇动注恐、支废、痈肿、疮疡，乃邪伤肝也。土气司天，叫上宫，土之平气，叫正宫，木运不及，土无所畏，又值土气司天，则土气备化，所以上宫与正宫同，肃瑟肃杀，金刑木也，炎赫沸腾，子火气复也。肃瑟肃杀，则木受金刑，所以叫青于三。盖东方居三宫震位，木也；南方居九宫离位，火也；中央居五宫土位，四维也；西方居七宫兑位，金也；北方居一宫坎位，水也。下文眚数，皆由此也。则炎赫沸腾，乃木之子火复胜其金，所以叫所谓复也。复则火气胜，所以其主飞虫蠹虫蛆虫雉鸟，乃为雷霆。盖飞者，火虫也；蠹者木所生，木生火也；蛆者，蝇之子，火虫所生也；雉为离禽，亦火虫也；震为雷，雷迅曰霆，雷霆，木郁而火发也。复则火气胜而如是也。
伏明的纪纲，叫做胜长，长气不宣，藏气反布，收气自政，化令乃衡，寒清数举，暑令乃薄，承化物生，生而不长，成实而稚，遇化已老，阳气屈伏，蛰虫蚤藏，其气郁，其用暴，其动彰伏变易，其发痛，其脏应心，其果为栗桃，其实为络濡，其谷为豆稻，其味为苦咸，其色为玄丹，其畜为马彘，其虫为羽鳞，其主冰雪霜寒，其声为征羽，其病为昏惑悲忘，从水化也，少征与少羽同，上商与正商同，邪伤心也，凝惨溧冽，则豪雨霖霪，眚于九，其主骤注，雷霆震惊，沉淫雨。
上二脏，如字，数，音朔，下同， ，音阴。
火运不及叫伏明。火主夏长，不及则水胜，所以伏明的纪纲叫做胜长。长气不宣，是火气虚。藏气反布，是水胜火。收气自政，是金无畏。衡，平也，言不盛也。化令乃衡，是火不生土。寒为水气，清为金气，水气胜而金无畏，所以寒清数举。暑为火气，火不及故暑令乃薄。《六微旨大论》说，物之生，从于化，所以承化物生。承化物生而火气虚，所以生而不长，不长，所以虽成实而犹稚小。遇长夏之化气，则物已老。火不及，所以阳气屈伏。水用事，所以蛰虫早藏。火气不充，所以其气郁。郁而不和，所以其用暴。心气不舒，所以其动彰明内伏，变易为寒。火气虚寒，其病则痛，所以其发痛。其脏应心，水气胜而金无畏，则火水金之气并主其事。其果栗桃，水与金也。其实络濡，火与水也。其谷豆稻，水与金也。其味苦咸，火与水也。其色玄丹，水与火也。其畜马彘其虫羽鳞，火水也。其主冰雪霜寒，水气胜也。其声征羽，火与水也。其病神虚则昏惑，心虚则悲忘。凡此火水金并主其事，乃火气不及，从水化而然也。火运不及，所以叫
Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, and Water possess a Qi of equilibrium (Ping Qi), a Qi of deficiency (Bu Ji), and a Qi of excess (Tai Guo); these are all normal patterns. Heavenly Qi governs from above, and the Moving Qi (Yun) dominates in the middle; the generation and transformation of all things, and the gestation of the five types of creatures, exhibit prosperity and decline, which constitute their administrative functions. The Five Movements are rooted in the central Qi, and the Six Qi are rooted in the external Qi. Transformation cannot be substituted, and seasonal timing must not be violated. These are all the administrative functions of the Five Constants (Wu Chang), hence the chapter is named accordingly.
The Yellow Emperor asked: "The Great Void is vast and boundless, the Five Movements circulate and interact. Their prosperity and decline differ, and gain and loss follow one another. I wish to hear about the Qi of equilibrium: how is it named? How is its chronicle established?"
"The Great Void" refers to the profound and extensive nature of Heaven. "Five Movements circulate and interact" means that the Five Phases revolve and press against each other within the Great Void. Within this circulation, there are differences in prosperity and decline, leading to corresponding gain and loss. Decline and loss indicate deficiency; prosperity and gain indicate excess. Equilibrium implies neither decline nor prosperity, neither loss nor gain. Thus, the question arises: how should the name of the Qi of equilibrium be established, and how should its chronicle be determined? Establishing the name and chronicle refers to what Qibo will say below.
Qibo replied: "Your question is indeed clear! Wood is called Fu He (Spreading Harmony), Fire is called Sheng Ming (Ascending Brightness), Earth is called Bei Hua (Complete Transformation), Metal is called Shen Ping (Judging Peace), and Water is called Jing Shun (Quiet Obedience)."
"Spreading Harmony" describes the nature of Wood, which spreads Yang harmony. "Ascending Brightness" describes the nature of Fire, which ascends and shines clearly. "Complete Transformation" describes the nature of Earth, which completes the transformation of things. "Judging Peace" describes the nature of Metal, which judges and stabilizes. "Quiet Obedience" describes the nature of Water, which is calm and compliant. These are the names of the Five Movements when in equilibrium.
The Emperor asked: "What about deficiency?" Qibo said: "Wood is called Wei He (Withered Harmony), Fire is called Fu Ming (Hidden Brightness), Earth is called Bei Jian (Low Supervision), Metal is called Cong Ge (Following Change), and Water is called He Liu (Dried Flow)."
"Wei He" means Yang harmony does not spread but withers and weakens. "Fu Ming" means brightness does not ascend but hides below. "Bei Jian" means transformation is incomplete, humble and self-supervising. "Cong Ge" means stabilization is not judged, following instead of changing. "He Liu" means quiet obedience has errors, and its flow dries up. These are the names of the Five Movements when deficient.
The Emperor asked: "What constitutes excess?" Qibo said: "Wood is called Fa Sheng (Initiating Growth), Fire is called He Xi (Blazing Radiance), Earth is called Dun Fu (High Mounds), Metal is called Jian Cheng (Firm Completion), and Water is called Liu Xing (Flowing Abundance)."
"Fa Sheng" refers to vigorous initiation of growth. "He Xi" refers to blazing radiance. "Fu" refers to high and thick mounds. "Jian Cheng" refers to the firm completion of things. "Liu Xing" refers to overflowing flow. These are the names of the Five Movements when in excess.
The Emperor asked: "I wish to hear about the manifestations of the chronicles of these three Qi states."
"The three Qi states" refer to equilibrium, excess, and deficiency. "Chronicle" refers to the annual cycle. "Manifestation" refers to the specific seasonal indicators associated with the chronicles of the Five Movements.
Qibo said: "Your question is indeed detailed! In the chronicle of Fu He (Spreading Harmony), the Virtue of Wood circulates universally; Yang expands and Yin distributes; the five transformations are openly peaceful. Its Qi is upright, its nature is compliant, its function is flexible (bending and straightening), its transformation brings forth flourishing life, its category is grass and trees, its administration is dispersing, its climate is mild and warm, its command is Wind, its internal organ is the Liver, the Liver fears coolness, its orifice is the Eye, its grain is Hemp, its fruit is Plum, its solid part is the Nut/Kernel, it corresponds to Spring, its creature is the Hairy type, its animal is the Dog, its color is Azure/Green, it nourishes the Tendons, its disease is abdominal tightness and flank fullness, its taste is Sour, its pitch note is Jue, its objects have hardness inside, and its number is Eight.
The equilibrium Qi of Wood is called Fu He. Therefore, in the chronicle of Fu He, the Virtue of Wood spreads and operates universally; Yang Qi expands, and Yin Qi distributes, so the five transformations are balanced. When one Qi is in equilibrium, all five Qi are in equilibrium, so the five transformations are openly peaceful. Its Qi is upright, reflecting the integrity of Wood. Its nature is compliant, reflecting the gentleness of Wood. Its function is bending and straightening, reflecting the branches of Wood. Its transformation brings forth flourishing life, reflecting the density of Wood. Its category is grass and trees, encompassing all tangible vegetation. Its administration is dispersing, reflecting the unblocking nature of Wood. Its climate is mild and warm, reflecting the air of Spring. Its command is Wind, as Wind is the herald of Wood. Its internal organ is the Liver, as the Liver belongs to Wood. The Liver fears coolness because Wood fears Metal. Its orifice is the Eye, as the Eye is the opening of the Liver. Hemp is straight and azure, being the chief of grains, so its grain is Hemp. Plums are green and sour, so its fruit is Plum. Kernels contain the germ, the root of Wood's generation, so its solid part is the Kernel. Spring air is mild, so it corresponds to Spring. Hairy creatures are covered in fur, like dense forests, so its creature is the Hairy type. Dogs are courageous and advance forward, like the swift emergence of Spring, so its animal is the Dog. Azure is the color of Wood, so its color is Azure. Tendons are governed by the Liver, so it nourishes the Tendons. Its disease is abdominal tightness and flank fullness, indicating blocked Liver Qi. Sour is the taste of Wood. Jue is the musical note of Wood. All objects possessing the body of Wood must have hardness inside. Eight is the completed number of Wood.
In the chronicle of Sheng Ming (Ascending Brightness), Correct Yang governs, its virtue is applied universally, and the five transformations are balanced. Its Qi is high, its nature is rapid, its function is burning and scorching, its transformation is abundant and lush, its category is Fire, its administration is bright and shining, its climate is hot and sultry, its command is Heat, its internal organ is the Heart, the Heart fears cold, its orifice is the Tongue, its grain is Wheat, its fruit is Apricot, its solid part is the Network/Vein, it corresponds to Summer, its creature is the Feathered type, its animal is the Horse, its color is Red, it nourishes Blood, its disease is pain in the heart region, its taste is Bitter, its pitch note is Zhi, its objects have veins/networks, and its number is Seven.
The equilibrium Qi of Fire is called Sheng Ming. Fire is located in the South, so in the chronicle of Sheng Ming, Correct Yang governs, and Yang Qi spreads in four directions, thus its virtue is applied universally. When Fire Qi is in equilibrium, the transforming Qi of the five phases is balanced, so the five transformations are even. Its Qi is high, reflecting the upward flaming of Fire. Its nature is rapid, reflecting the intensity of Fire. Its function is burning and scorching, reflecting the heat of Fire. Its transformation is abundant and lush, reflecting the vastness of Fire. Its category is Fire, encompassing all tangible fire. Its administration is bright and shining, reflecting the flame of Fire. Its climate is hot and sultry, reflecting the air of Summer. Its command is Heat, as Heat is the signal of Fire. Its internal organ is the Heart, as the Heart belongs to Fire. The Heart fears cold because Fire fears Water. Its orifice is the Tongue, as the Tongue is the opening of the Heart. Wheat grows in Spring and ripens in Summer, so its grain is Wheat. Apricots are red and bitter, so its fruit is Apricot. Veins crossing and pressing reflect the scattering image of Fire, so its solid part is the Network. Summer air is hot and sultry, so it corresponds to Summer. Feathered creatures fly to the sky, like Fire rising upwards, so its creature is the Feathered type. The Horse represents the Yang trunk, governing Heaven, and Heaven is illuminated by the sun, so its animal is the Horse. Red is the color of Fire, so its color is Red. Blood is governed by the Heart, so it nourishes Blood. Its disease is pain in the heart region, indicating uneven Fire Qi. Bitter is the taste of Fire. Zhi is the musical note of Fire. All objects possessing the body of Fire must have networks/veins. Seven is the completed number of Fire.
In the chronicle of Bei Hua (Complete Transformation), Qi harmonizes with heavenly rest, virtue flows through the four administrations, and the five transformations are cultivated together. Its Qi is level, its nature is smooth, its function involves high and low, its transformation is plump and full, its category is Earth, its administration is quiet and stable, its climate is humid and steaming, its command is Dampness, its internal organ is the Spleen, the Spleen fears wind, its change is obstruction/stagnation, its grain is Millet (Ji), its fruit is Jujube, its solid part is Flesh, it corresponds to Late Summer, its creature is the Bao type, its animal is the Ox, its color is Yellow, it nourishes flesh, its disease is stagnation/blockage, its taste is Sweet, its pitch note is Gong, its objects have skin/flesh, and its number is Five.
'Pi' (stagnation) is pronounced with the rising tone, same for others below.
The equilibrium Qi of Earth is called Bei Hua. Heaven generates and Earth completes, so the chronicle of Bei Hua. Qi harmonizes with heavenly rest, and Earth rules over the four seasons, so virtue flows through the four administrations. When Earth Qi is in equilibrium, the transforming Qi of the five phases is balanced, so the five transformations are cultivated together. Its Qi is level, reflecting the centrality and correctness of Earth. Its nature is smooth, reflecting the gentleness of Earth. Its function involves high and low, reflecting mountains and marshes of Earth. Its transformation is plump and full, reflecting the thickness of Earth. Its category is Earth, encompassing all tangible earth. Its administration is quiet and stable, reflecting the heaviness of Earth. Its climate is humid and steaming, reflecting the air of Late Summer. Its command is Dampness, as Dampness is the signal of Earth. Its internal organ is the Spleen, as the Spleen belongs to Earth. The Spleen fears wind because Earth fears Wood. Its orifice is the Mouth, as the Mouth is the opening of the Spleen. Ji resembles millet but is yellow, so its grain is Ji. Jujubes are sweet and have yellow flesh, so its fruit is Jujube. Flesh is plump and thick, so its solid part is Flesh. The air of Late Summer is humid and steaming, so it corresponds to Late Summer. Bao creatures have fleshy bodies without hair, like the softness of Earth, so its creature is the Bao type. The Ox represents Kun (Earth), belonging to Earth, and Earth produces living things, so its animal is the Ox. Yellow is the color of Earth, so its color is Yellow. Flesh is governed by the Spleen, so it nourishes flesh. Its disease is stagnation/blockage, indicating non-ascending Earth Qi. Sweet is the taste of Earth. Gong is the musical note of Earth. All objects possessing the body of Earth must have skin and flesh. Five is the generating number of Earth. The *Treatise on the Six Primary Chronicles* states that Earth always relies on generation, so the generating number is cited rather than the completed number.
In the chronicle of Shen Ping (Judging Peace), gathering occurs without contention, killing occurs without violation, and the five transformations are openly clear. Its Qi is pure, its nature is rigid, its function is falling and scattering, its transformation is firm and contracting, its category is Metal, its administration is vigorous and austere, its climate is clear and cutting, its command is Dryness, its internal organ is the Lung, the Lung fears heat, its orifice is the Nose, its grain is Rice, its fruit is Peach, its solid part is the Shell, it corresponds to Autumn, its creature is the Armored type, its animal is the Chicken, its color is White, it nourishes skin and hair, its disease is cough, its taste is Pungent, its pitch note is Shang, its objects are hard on the outside, and its number is Nine.
The equilibrium Qi of Metal is called Shen Ping. Autumn involves gathering and killing, governed by Metal Qi, so in the chronicle of Shen Ping, gathering occurs without contention, killing occurs without violation. When Metal Qi is in equilibrium, the transforming Qi of the five phases is balanced, so the five transformations are openly clear. Its Qi is pure, reflecting the cleanliness and whiteness of Metal. Its nature is rigid, reflecting the sharpness of Metal. Its function is falling and scattering, reflecting the austere killing of Metal. Its transformation is firm and contracting, reflecting the condensing of Metal. Its category is Metal, encompassing all tangible metal. Its administration is vigorous and austere, reflecting the strength of Metal. Its climate is clear and cutting, reflecting the air of Autumn. Its command is Dryness, as Dryness is the signal of Metal. Its internal organ is the Lung, as the Lung belongs to Metal. The Lung fears heat because Metal fears Fire. Its orifice is the Nose, as the Nose is the opening of the Lung. Rice grains are complete and rice stalks are hard, so its grain is Rice. Peaches have an outer shell and white inner flesh, so its fruit is Peach. The shell wraps the outside, representing the armor of Metal, so its solid part is the Shell. Autumn winds are clear and cutting, so it corresponds to Autumn. Armored creatures carry shells and are hard on the outside, like the armor of Metal, so its creature is the Armored type. The Chicken corresponds to You (Metal), belongs to Metal, and likes to fight, like the attacking nature of Metal, so its animal is the Chicken. White is the color of Metal, so its color is White. Skin and hair are governed by the Lung, so it nourishes them. Its disease is cough, indicating disharmony of Lung Qi. Pungent is the taste of Metal. Shang is the musical note of Metal. All objects possessing the body of Metal must be hard on the outside. Nine is the completed number of Metal.
In the chronicle of Jing Shun (Quiet Obedience), storage occurs without harm, governance favors the lower, and the five transformations are fully integrated. Its Qi is bright, its nature is descending, its function is irrigating and overflowing, its transformation is condensed and firm, its category is Water, its administration is flowing and evolving, its climate is condensed and austere, its command is Cold, its internal organ is the Kidney, the Kidney fears dampness, its orifice is the Two Yins (urethra and anus), its grain is Beans, its fruit is Chestnut, its solid part is moist/rich, it corresponds to Winter, its creature is the Scaly type, its animal is the Pig, its color is Black, it nourishes bone marrow, its disease is reversal/cold limbs, its taste is Salty, its pitch note is Yu, its objects are moist, and its number is Six.
'Shou' (head/first) is read as written.
The equilibrium Qi of Water is called Jing Shun. In Winter, Water Qi stores downward, so in the chronicle of Jing Shun, storage occurs without harm, and governance favors the lower. When Water Qi is in equilibrium, the transforming Qi of the five phases is balanced, so the five transformations are fully integrated. Its Qi is bright, reflecting the clarity of Water. Its nature is descending, reflecting the flow of Water. Its function is irrigating and overflowing, reflecting the filling of Water. Its transformation is condensed and firm, reflecting the freezing of Water. Its category is Water, encompassing all tangible water. Its administration is flowing and evolving, reflecting inexhaustible springs. Its climate is condensed and austere, reflecting the air of Winter. Its command is Cold, as Cold is the signal of Water. Its internal organ is the Kidney, as the Kidney belongs to Water. The Kidney fears dampness because Water fears Earth. Its orifice is the Two Yins, as they are the openings of the Kidney. Beans sink and are cold in nature, so its grain is Beans. Chestnuts have purple shells and resemble kidneys, so its fruit is Chestnuts. 'Ru' means moist and nourishing fluid, so its solid part is Moist. Winter air is condensed and austere, so it corresponds to Winter. Scaly creatures are born in water and grow in water, so its creature is the Scaly type. The Pig corresponds to Hai and has a cold nature, so its animal is the Pig. Black is the color of Water, so its color is Black. Bone marrow is governed by the Kidney, so it nourishes bone marrow. Its disease is cold reversal, indicating disharmony of Kidney Qi. Salty is the taste of Water. Yu is the musical note of Water. All objects possessing the body of Water must be moist. Six is the completed number of Water.
Therefore, promote growth without killing, foster lengthening without punishing, transform without restricting, gather without harming, store without suppressing; this is called the Qi of Equilibrium.
'Zhang' (lengthen) is read with the rising tone. 'Cang' (store) is read as written.
Summarizing the above: In the chronicle of Fu He, promote growth without killing; in the chronicle of Sheng Ming, foster lengthening without punishing; in the chronicle of Bei Hua, transform without restricting; in the chronicle of Shen Ping, gather without harming; in the chronicle of Jing Shun, store without suppressing. This is called the Equilibrium Qi of the Five Movements.
In the chronicle of Wei He (Withered Harmony), it is called 'Sheng Sheng' (Victory over Growth). The Qi of Growth does not exercise authority, the Qi of Transformation rises, the Qi of Lengthening naturally levels off, the command of Gathering arrives early, cool rain falls at times, wind and clouds arise together, grass and trees flourish late, turn pale and dry, and wither; fruits appear beautiful and mature, flesh fills internally, its Qi gathers, its function concentrates, its movement is slow, twisted, contracted, or relaxed, its onset involves fright and alarm, its internal organ is the Liver, its fruits are Jujube and Plum, its solids are Kernels and Shells, its grains are Millet and Rice, its tastes are Sour and Pungent, its colors are White and Azure, its animals are Dog and Chicken, its creatures are Hairy and Armored, its phenomena are misty dew and desolate chill, its sounds are Jue and Shang, its diseases involve trembling, pouring, and fear, transforming according to Metal. 'Shao Jue' (Minor Jue) is similar to 'Pan Shang' (Half Shang); 'Shang Jue' (Superior Jue) is the same as 'Zheng Jue' (Correct Jue); 'Shang Shang' (Superior Shang) is the same as 'Zheng Shang' (Correct Shang). Its diseases include limb paralysis, carbuncles, sores, and ulcers; its beneficial insects are present, evil harms the Liver. 'Shang Gong' (Superior Gong) is the same as 'Zheng Gong' (Correct Gong). If austere and killing prevail, then blazing heat boils; 'Qing Yu San' (Azure surpasses Three), called 'Fu' (Rebound). Its main creatures are flying insects, maggots, pheasants, resulting in thunder and lightning.
'Shao' (minor) is read with the departing tone, same for others below.
Wood governs Spring growth; deficiency leads to Metal victory. Deficiency of Wood Movement is called Wei He. Thus, the chronicle of Wei He is called 'Sheng Sheng'. The Qi of Growth does not exercise authority, indicating empty Wood Qi. The Qi of Transformation rises, indicating Earth does not fear Wood. The Qi of Lengthening naturally levels off, indicating Wood does not generate Fire. The command of Gathering arrives early, indicating Metal defeats Wood. Since Wood is deficient, Metal wins, and Earth has no fear, so three Qi act together. Coolness is Metal Qi, clouds and rain are Earth Qi, wind is Wood Qi; thus cool rain falls, and wind/clouds arise. Wood is deficient, so grass/trees flourish late. Metal Qi wins, so they turn pale, dry, and wither. Transformation Qi and Autumn maturity Qi take exclusive command, so fruits appear beautiful and mature. Earth governs flesh, so flesh fills internally. Metal governs gathering, so its Qi gathers. Wood governs growth and concentration, so its function concentrates. Tendons are not soft, so its movement is slow, twisted, contracted, or relaxed. Eastern Liver Wood, its disease involves fright and alarm, so its onset involves fright and alarm. Its internal organ is the Liver; since Earth has no fear and Metal Qi wins, Wood, Earth, and Metal jointly govern affairs. Its fruits Jujube and Plum belong to Earth and Wood. Its solids Kernels and Shells belong to Wood and Metal. Its grains Millet and Rice belong to Earth and Metal. Its tastes Sour and Pungent belong to Wood and Metal. Its colors White and Azure belong to Metal and Wood. Its animals Dog and Chicken, creatures Hairy and Armored belong to Wood and Metal. Its phenomena misty dew and desolate chill indicate Metal Qi winning. Its sounds Jue and Shang belong to Wood and Metal. Its diseases trembling, pouring, and fear: trembling is the image of Wind-Wood; trembling/pouring/fear indicates Water does not generate Wood. All these Wood, Earth, and Metal acting together result from Wood Qi deficiency transforming into Metal. Since Wood Movement is deficient, it is called 'Shao Jue'. 'Pan' means half; Metal wins and acts, half belonging to Metal Movement, so 'Shao Jue' is similar to 'Pan Shang'. If Wood Qi governs Heaven, it is called 'Shang Jue'; the equilibrium of Wood is called 'Zheng Jue'. If Wood Movement is deficient but receives assistance from Heaven's governance, Wood Qi spreads harmony, so 'Shang Jue' is the same as 'Zheng Jue'. If Metal Qi governs Heaven, it is called 'Shang Shang'; the equilibrium of Metal is called 'Zheng Shang'. If Metal defeats Wood and Metal Qi also governs Heaven, Metal acts fully, so 'Shang Shang' is the same as 'Zheng Shang'. Its diseases include not only trembling/pouring/fear, but also limb paralysis due to tendon disharmony, and carbuncles/sores due to blood disharmony, like Wood insects arising, hence 'its beneficial insects'. All these trembling/pouring/fear, limb paralysis, carbuncles, sores indicate evil harming the Liver. If Earth Qi governs Heaven, it is called 'Shang Gong'; the equilibrium of Earth is called 'Zheng Gong'. If Wood Movement is deficient, Earth has no fear, and Earth Qi governs Heaven, Earth Qi becomes complete, so 'Shang Gong' is the same as 'Zheng Gong'. Austere and killing reflects Metal punishing Wood; blazing heat boiling reflects the rebound of Child-Fire. Austere killing means Wood suffers Metal punishment, hence 'Azure surpasses Three'. The East occupies Palace 3 (Zhen position), Wood; the South occupies Palace 9 (Li position), Fire; the Center occupies Palace 5 (Earth position), Four Corners; the West occupies Palace 7 (Dui position), Metal; the North occupies Palace 1 (Kan position), Water. The disasters mentioned below derive from this. Blazing heat boiling means Child-Fire of Wood rebounds to defeat Metal, hence 'called Rebound'. Rebound means Fire Qi wins, hence its main creatures are flying insects, wood-boring insects, maggots, pheasants, resulting in thunder and lightning. Flying creatures are Fire insects; borers are generated by Wood, Wood generates Fire; maggots are offspring of flies, generated by Fire insects; pheasants are Li birds, also Fire insects; Zhen is Thunder, swift thunder is Ting (lightning). Thunder/Lightning is Fire erupting from suppressed Wood. Rebound means Fire Qi wins as described.
In the chronicle of Fu Ming (Hidden Brightness), it is called 'Sheng Zhang' (Victory over Lengthening). The Qi of Lengthening does not spread, the Qi of Storage reversely distributes, the Qi of Gathering exercises authority naturally, the command of Transformation becomes balanced, cold and clear frequently rise, the command of Heat becomes thin, inheriting transformation generates life, life occurs but does not lengthen, completion is immature, encountering transformation makes it old, Yang Qi is屈伏 (subdued/hiding), hibernating insects hide early, its Qi is depressed, its function is violent, its movement shows manifestation and hiding changes, its onset involves pain, its internal organ is the Heart, its fruits are Chestnut and Peach, its solids are Networks and Moisture, its grains are Beans and Rice, its tastes are Bitter and Salty, its colors are Dark and Vermilion, its animals are Horse and Pig, its creatures are Feathered and Scaly, its phenomena are ice, snow, frost, and cold, its sounds are Zhi and Yu, its diseases involve confusion, sorrow, and forgetfulness, transforming according to Water. 'Shao Zhi' (Minor Zhi) is the same as 'Shao Yu' (Minor Yu); 'Shang Shang' (Superior Shang) is the same as 'Zheng Shang' (Correct Shang), evil harms the Heart. Condensed and chilling leads to heavy rain and continuous drizzle, disaster at Nine, its main phenomena are sudden downpours, thunder shock, and lingering rain.
'The upper two organs' are read as written. 'Shu' (number/frequent) is pronounced 'shuo', same below. ' ', pronounced 'yin'.
Deficiency of Fire Movement is called Fu Ming. Fire governs Summer lengthening; deficiency leads to Water victory, so the chronicle of Fu Ming is called 'Sheng Zhang'. The Qi of Lengthening does not spread, indicating empty Fire Qi. The Qi of Storage reversely distributes, indicating Water defeats Fire. The Qi of Gathering exercises authority naturally, indicating Metal has no fear. 'Heng' means balance, implying not excessive. The command of Transformation becomes balanced, indicating Fire does not generate Earth. Cold is Water Qi, Clear is Metal Qi; Water Qi wins and Metal has no fear, so cold and clear frequently rise. Heat is Fire Qi; Fire is deficient, so the command of Heat becomes thin. The *Treatise on the Six Micro Principles* states: "Generation of things follows transformation," hence inheriting transformation generates life. Inheriting transformation while Fire Qi is empty means life occurs but does not lengthen; not lengthening means although completing, it remains immature. Encountering Late Summer transformation Qi makes it old. Fire is deficient, so Yang Qi is subdued. Water acts, so hibernating insects hide early. Fire Qi is not full, so its Qi is depressed. Depressed and not harmonious, so its function is violent. Heart Qi is not comfortable, so its movement shows manifestation and hiding, changing to cold. Fire Qi is empty and cold, its disease is pain, so its onset involves pain. Its internal organ is the Heart; Water Qi wins and Metal has no fear, so Fire, Water, and Metal Qi jointly govern affairs. Its fruits Chestnut and Peach belong to Water and Metal. Its solids Networks and Moisture belong to Fire and Water. Its grains Beans and Rice belong to Water and Metal. Its tastes Bitter and Salty belong to Fire and Water. Its colors Dark and Vermilion belong to Water and Fire. Its animals Horse and Pig, creatures Feathered and Scaly belong to Fire and Water. Its phenomena ice/snow/frost/cold indicate Water Qi winning. Its sounds Zhi and Yu belong to Fire and Water. Its disease: spirit emptiness causes confusion, Heart emptiness causes sorrow and forgetfulness. All these Fire, Water, and Metal acting together result from Fire Qi deficiency transforming into Water. Since Fire Movement is deficient, it is called