中暑闷倒，急扶在阴凉处，切不可与冷，当以布巾衣物等蘸热汤熨脐中及气海，续以汤
淋布上，令彻脐腹，暖即渐惺；如仓卒无汤处，掬道上热土于脐，以多为佳，冷即易。古法
，道涂无汤，即掬热土于脐上，仍拨开作窝子，令人更溺于其中以代汤，续与解暑毒药，如
白虎、竹叶石膏汤。凡觉中暑，急嚼生姜一大块，冷水送下；如已迷乱闷，嚼大蒜一大瓣，
冷水送下；如不能嚼，即用水研灌之立醒；路中仓卒无水，渴甚，急嚼生葱二寸许，津同咽
，可抵饮水二升。
中湿者，脉沉而细，微缓，以湿溢人肌，肌浮，脉则沉细。夫湿者，在天为雨，在地
为土，在人脏为脾，故湿喜归脾，脾虚喜中湿，故曰湿流关节。中之，多使人 胀，四
肢关节疼痛而烦，久则浮肿喘满，昏不知人。挟风，则眩晕呕哕；兼寒，则挛拳掣痛。治之
不得猛发汗及灼艾，泄泻惟利小便为佳。故论云∶治湿不利小便，非其治也。大汗大下皆死
，详论治法，见伤暑门。
治中湿，口噤，不知人。
白术（半两）
上酒三盏，煎一盏，顿服；不能饮酒，以水代之，日三夜一。
风寒暑湿，本乎一气，性中相同，用中相背，风寒既能中五脏，暑湿其可不论。方论有
肝着，其人常欲蹈其胸上，未苦时，但欲饮热；脾着，四肢浮肿，身重如石，不能自反身；
肾着，身重，腰中冷，如坐水中，形如水状，反不渴，小便自利，食饮如故，心肺不见明文
，恐文简脱，难以臆补。或云∶湿惟中足三阴，故不及心肺。然五脏有本病，并乘克胜克，
相感相因而得之，假如风中肝为本病，中脾为胜克，中肺为乘克，中心为相因，中肾为相感
，则无所不通。谓湿不及心肺，未为确论，故缺以俟明哲。暑病亦然。况六淫均被，四气皆
能中人。中风则有汗，脉必浮弦，恶风走注；中寒则无汗，脉必紧数，恶寒疼痛；中暑则昏
愦面垢，脉必虚缓，倦怠；中湿则重着，脉必轻缓，四肢 节疼痛，皆能交络互织，所谓风
寒、风湿、风温、寒湿、湿温等，当以人迎脉证别之，令无差误。更有七情内忤，亦能涎潮
昏塞，手足 曳，一如中风，不可例作六淫气治，其至夭枉。及素蓄痰涎，随气上厥，
使人眩晕，昏不知人，半身不遂，口眼 斜，手足 曳者。故有中气中痰之别，犹当详
辨，毋使混滥。除外所因方见于此后，内所因各见本门。
中暑导致神志昏迷，应立即将患者移至阴凉处，千万不可给予冷饮，应用布巾或衣物蘸取热汤熨烫肚脐及气海穴，随后用热汤淋在布上，使热量透达脐腹，身体回暖后逐渐清醒；如果匆忙间没有热水，可捧起道路上被太阳晒热的土敷在肚脐上，以多为好，变冷后即更换。古法记载，如果在道路旁没有热水，就捧起热土放在肚脐上，并拨开中间做成窝状，让人向其中小便以代替热水，随后服用解暑的药物，如白虎汤、竹叶石膏汤。凡是感觉中暑，应立即咀嚼一大块生姜，用冷水送服；如果已经出现神志迷乱昏厥，则咀嚼一大瓣大蒜，用冷水送服；如果不能咀嚼，就用清水研磨蒜汁灌服，病人会立刻苏醒；如果在路途中匆忙间没有水，且极度口渴，应紧急咀嚼约两寸长的生葱，连同唾液一起咽下，这可以抵得上喝两升水。
中湿证的患者，脉象沉而细，略微缓和，因为湿气侵入肌肉，肌肉浮肿，所以脉象表现为沉细。湿邪，在天为雨，在地为土，在人体脏腑对应脾脏，所以湿邪容易归并于脾，脾虚时容易受湿邪侵袭，因此说“湿流关节”。湿邪入侵，多使人腹部胀满，四肢关节疼痛且烦躁，日久则出现浮肿、气喘胸闷，甚至昏迷不省人事。若兼夹风邪，则出现眩晕、呕吐呃逆；若兼夹寒邪，则出现肢体拘挛抽搐疼痛。治疗时不可使用猛烈的发汗法和艾灸法，若出现泄泻，以利小便为最佳治疗方法。所以医论中说：“治疗湿病如果不通利小便，就不是正确的治法。”大汗和大下（峻下）都会导致死亡，详细的治法论述见伤暑门。
治疗中湿证导致的牙关紧闭、神志不清。
白术（半两）
以上药材用三盏酒，煎煮至一盏，一次性服下；不能饮酒者，用水代替，每日三次，夜间一次。
风、寒、暑、湿，本源于一气，性质中有相同之处，但在致病作用上却相反。风寒既然能伤害五脏，暑湿又怎能不加以讨论呢？方论中提到肝着病，患者常想让人踩踏其胸部，未发作痛苦时，只想喝热饮；脾着病，四肢浮肿，身体沉重如石头，无法翻身；肾着病，身体沉重，腰部寒冷，如同坐在水中，外形似有水状，反而不渴，小便自利，饮食正常，心肺的着病没有明确的文字记载，恐怕是原文简略脱漏，难以凭空补充。有人说：湿邪只伤害足三阴经，所以不及心肺。然而五脏有本脏疾病，还有相乘、相克、相生、相感的关系，假如风邪中肝为本病，中脾为胜克关系，中肺为乘克关系，中心为相生关系，中肾为相感关系，那么就没有不通达的。说湿邪不及心肺，并非确论，所以暂缺以待明理之人考证。暑病也是如此。况且六淫之气均能伤人，四气都能侵害人体。中风则有汗，脉必浮弦，恶风且疼痛游走不定；中寒则无汗，脉必紧数，恶寒且疼痛；中暑则神志昏愦、面部污垢，脉必虚缓，倦怠无力；中湿则身体重着，脉必轻缓，四肢关节疼痛，这些病症都能相互交织，所谓风寒、风湿、风温、寒湿、湿温等，应当通过人迎脉和症状来辨别，以免出错。更有七情内伤，也能导致痰涎上涌、神志昏塞，手足牵引抽动，一如中风，不可一概当作六淫之气治疗，否则会导致夭折枉死。以及素来蓄积痰涎，随气上逆，使人眩晕，昏迷不省人事，半身不遂，口眼歪斜，手足牵引抽动的情况。所以有中气和中痰的区别，应当详细辨别，不要混淆。除外因所致的病证方剂见于此后，内因所致的各见本门。
Heatstroke causing sudden collapse should be treated by immediately moving the patient to a cool and shady place. Cold drinks must strictly be avoided. Instead, use cloth towels or garments dipped in hot water to apply heat compresses (hot towel therapy) to the umbilicus (Shenque, CV8) and Qihai (CV6). Subsequently, pour hot water over the cloth to ensure the warmth penetrates the umbilical and abdominal regions; once the body warms up, consciousness will gradually return. If hot water is unavailable in an emergency, scoop up hot soil from the road and apply it to the umbilicus; using a large amount is preferable, replacing it when it cools down. Ancient methods state that if no hot water is available on the road, scoop hot soil onto the umbilicus, shape it into a hollow, and have someone urinate into it to substitute for hot water. Afterwards, administer antipyretic and detoxifying formulas such as Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) or Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction). Whenever one feels heatstroke, immediately chew a large piece of fresh ginger and swallow it with cold water. If confusion or coma has already occurred, chew a large clove of garlic and swallow it with cold water. If chewing is not possible, grind garlic with water and force-feed the juice to restore consciousness immediately. If no water is available on the road and thirst is extreme, urgently chew about two cun of raw green onion and swallow it with saliva; this can substitute for drinking two sheng of water.
For dampness invasion, the pulse is deep, fine, and slightly slow. This is because dampness overflows into the muscles, causing muscle edema, resulting in a deep and fine pulse. Dampness corresponds to rain in heaven and earth/soil on ground, and to the Spleen in the human viscera. Therefore, dampness tends to affect the Spleen, and a deficient Spleen is prone to dampness invasion, hence it is said that "dampness flows into the joints." Dampness invasion often causes abdominal distension, pain and irritability in the four limbs and joints. Over time, it leads to edema, asthma, chest fullness, and unconsciousness. If complicated by Wind, dizziness, vomiting, and hiccups occur; if complicated by Cold, limb spasms, curling, and pulling pain occur. Treatment must avoid violent sweating and moxibustion. If diarrhea occurs, promoting urination is the best approach. Thus, the treatise states: "Treating dampness without promoting urination is not the correct method." Profuse sweating and severe purgation both lead to death. Detailed treatment methods are found in the Heatstroke section.
Treatment for dampness invasion causing lockjaw and unconsciousness:
Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, 0.5 liang)
Decoct three cups of wine with the above herb until one cup remains, and take it all at once. For those who cannot drink alcohol, use water instead. Take three times daily and once at night.
Wind, Cold, Summerheat, and Dampness originate from the same Qi, sharing similar natures but having opposing pathogenic effects. Since Wind and Cold can damage the Five Viscera, how can Summerheat and Dampness be ignored? The formula treatises mention Gan Zhuo (Liver Fixation), where the patient constantly desires someone to tread on their chest; before severe distress, they only desire hot drinks. Pi Zhuo (Spleen Fixation) presents with edema of the four limbs, heaviness of the body like stone, and inability to turn over. Shen Zhuo (Kidney Fixation) presents with bodily heaviness, coldness in the waist as if sitting in water, a form resembling water retention, yet without thirst, normal urination, and normal diet. There is no clear text for Xin (Heart) and Fei (Lung) Zhuo, likely due to textual omission, making it difficult to supplement arbitrarily. Some claim that Dampness only affects the Foot Three Yin meridians and thus does not involve the Heart and Lung. However, each of the Five Viscera has its primary disease, and there are relationships of overacting (Cheng), counter-acting (Ke), generating (Sheng), and influencing (Gan). For instance, if Wind attacking the Liver is the primary disease, attacking the Spleen is overacting, attacking the Lung is counter-acting, attacking the Heart is generating, and attacking the Kidney is influencing, then there is no pathway that is not accessible. Claiming that Dampness does not involve the Heart and Lung is not a definitive conclusion, so it is left blank awaiting clarification. Summerheat diseases are similar. Moreover, the Six Excesses can all harm humans, and the Four Qi can all invade the body. Wind-stroke involves sweating, a floating and wiry pulse, aversion to wind, and migrating pain. Cold-strike involves no sweating, a tight and rapid pulse, aversion to cold, and pain. Summerheat-strike involves stupor, dirty facial complexion, a weak and slow pulse, and fatigue. Dampness-strike involves heaviness, a light and slow pulse, and pain in the four limbs and joints. These conditions can interweave, such as Wind-Cold, Wind-Dampness, Wind-Warmth, Cold-Dampness, and Damp-Warmth. They should be distinguished by the Renying (Carotid) pulse and symptoms to avoid errors. Furthermore, internal disturbances from the Seven Emotions can also cause phlegm flooding, stupor, and convulsive movements of the hands and feet, mimicking Wind-stroke. One must not indiscriminately treat these as Six Excesses, lest it lead to premature death. Also, pre-existing phlegm-fluids rising with Qi can cause dizziness, unconsciousness, hemiplegia, deviation of the mouth and eyes, and convulsive movements. Therefore, there is a distinction between Qi-strike and Phlegm-strike, which must be carefully differentiated to avoid confusion. Formulas for external causes are listed subsequently, while those for internal causes are found in their respective sections.