《痘疹方》云∶若痘发之际，正宜微见，与发汗同体，然
血与汗虽殊，其源其一。盖痘疹乃秽血所发，邪结肺胃，毒瓦斯自然上越也。若见此症，不可妄投以药，恐治失其宜，瘀
蓄者不出而已，出者复伤，反生变症也。若作渴饮冷，手足并热，此毒瓦斯炽盛，而血上溢也，宜用圣济犀角地黄汤。若
肺经热毒而鼻衄，用地黄清肺饮。胃经热毒而吐血，亦用圣济犀角地黄汤，若肠胃热毒而便血亦用之。作渴饮汤，手足
不热者，肝肺气虚，不能摄血而妄行也，宜用五味异功散。若出血作渴烦躁，面赤色者，血脱也，宜用当归补血汤。
一小儿出痘三四日，大便下血，日有数滴，至八日不能止，疮不能起，御医钱春林谓其脾气虚寒，用木香散二剂加
丁香十一粒、人参五钱，次日痘起有脓，由是血止，二十余日而愈。
一小儿痘疮红活，但不时作痒，口渴便血面赤，先君谓肠胃有热，用圣济犀角地黄汤加柴胡一剂，诸症渐退；用四
君加当归、红花而愈。
一小儿痘疮赤痛，烦热作渴，或便血衄血，先君用犀角地黄汤而血止，又用紫草快斑汤而痛愈。后疮痕色白，用四
君、黄 、当归而痊。
一小儿衄血，右寸脉数，此肺金有火也，用泻白散而血止，但四肢倦怠，用益气汤而愈。
一小儿痘痛赤色，吐血发热，此胃经热毒也，先用圣济犀角地黄汤，诸症渐愈，又用五味异功散而痊。
一小儿痘后衄吐，面色黄白，因脾肺气虚弱，用麦门冬散而愈。后因劳，衄血发热，痘痕赤色，用四君、归、 而
衄止，用五味异功散而热退。
一小儿痘后衄血，发热则痕赤，热止则痕白，此脾胃气虚也，朝用补中益气汤加干姜，夕用五味异功散加当归而愈。
一小儿痘后衄血头晕，唇白恶心，此中气虚，而清阳不能上升也，用补中益气汤加蔓荆子稍愈，去蔓荆子，又数剂
而痊。
一小儿痘后，非衄血即便血，痘痕赤白靡定，手指冷热无常，余谓此元气虚，而无根之火倏往忽来也，朝用补中益
气汤，夕用五味异功散，各二十余剂而愈。后因劳心复发，仍用前二药为主，佐以十全大补汤而愈。
泻白散
桑白皮（炒） 甘草 地骨皮
上每服二三钱，水煎。
人参竹叶汤 治虚烦不得寐，或兼自汗。
人参 竹叶 甘草（各二钱） 半夏（二钱五分） 小麦 麦门冬（各一钱半）
上每服二三钱，姜二片，粳米二撮，水煎服。
八珍汤
十一味木香散（二方见顶陷灰白）
五味异功散
当归补血汤（二方见寒战切牙）
紫草快 汤（方见便血屎黑）
十全大补汤（方见腹胀气促）
四君子汤（即六君子汤去陈皮、半夏，方见不靥闷乱）
《痘疹方》中说：在痘疮发出的时候，正应当微微透出，这与发汗的机理相同。然而血与汗虽然表现形式不同，但它们的源头是一致的。因为痘疹是由秽浊之血所发，邪气结聚于肺和胃，毒气自然向上溢出。如果见到这种症状，不可胡乱用药，恐怕治疗不当，导致瘀滞的血无法排出，或者已经排出的血再次受损，反而产生变证。如果出现口渴想喝冷水、手足都发热，这是毒气炽盛，导致血液上溢，适宜使用圣济犀角地黄汤。如果是肺经热毒引起的鼻出血，使用地黄清肺饮。如果是胃经热毒引起的吐血，也使用圣济犀角地黄汤；如果是肠胃热毒引起的便血，也同样使用它。如果出现口渴想喝热水、手足不发热，这是肝气和肺气虚弱，不能统摄血液而使其妄行，适宜使用五味异功散。如果出血后出现口渴、烦躁、面色红赤，这是血脱的症状，适宜使用当归补血汤。
有一个小孩出痘三四天，大便下血，每天有几滴，到了第八天仍不能停止，痘疮不能隆起。御医钱春林认为这是脾气虚寒，使用了木香散两剂，加入丁香十一粒、人参五钱，第二天痘疮隆起并有脓液，从此血止住了，二十多天后痊愈。
有一个小孩痘疮颜色红活，只是不时瘙痒，口渴、便血、面色红赤。我的父亲（先君）认为这是肠胃有热，使用圣济犀角地黄汤加柴胡一剂，各种症状逐渐消退；之后用四君子汤加当归、红花而痊愈。
有一个小孩痘疮颜色红赤疼痛，烦热且口渴，有时便血或鼻出血。我的父亲使用犀角地黄汤使血止住，又使用紫草快斑汤使疼痛痊愈。后来痘痕颜色变白，使用四君子汤、黄芪、当归而痊愈。
有一个小孩流鼻血，右寸脉数，这是肺金有火，使用泻白散使血止住，但四肢倦怠，使用益气汤而痊愈。
有一个小孩痘痛呈赤色，吐血发热，这是胃经热毒，先用圣济犀角地黄汤，各种症状逐渐好转，又用五味异功散而痊愈。
有一个小孩出痘后出现鼻出血和吐血，面色黄白，因脾肺之气虚弱，使用麦门冬散而痊愈。后来因劳累，再次出现鼻出血和发热，痘痕呈赤色，使用四君子汤、当归、黄芪，鼻血止住，再用五味异功散使热退。
有一个小孩出痘后鼻出血，发热时痘痕变红，热退时痘痕变白，这是脾胃气虚，早晨服用补中益气汤加干姜，晚上服用五味异功散加当归而痊愈。
有一个小孩出痘后鼻出血、头晕，嘴唇苍白、恶心，这是中气虚弱，清阳不能上升，使用补中益气汤加蔓荆子稍有好转，去掉蔓荆子，又服几剂而痊愈。
有一个小孩出痘后，不是鼻出血就是便血，痘痕颜色红白不定，手指冷热无常。我认为这是元气虚弱，无根之火忽来忽去，早晨服用补中益气汤，晚上服用五味异功散，各服二十多剂而痊愈。后来因劳心复发，仍然以前两种药为主，佐以十全大补汤而痊愈。
泻白散
桑白皮（炒制） 甘草 地骨皮
以上药物每次服用二三钱，加水煎煮。
人参竹叶汤 治疗虚烦不得入睡，或兼有自汗。
人参 竹叶 甘草（各二钱） 半夏（二钱五分） 小麦 麦门冬（各一钱半）
以上药物每次服用二三钱，加生姜两片，粳米两撮，加水煎煮服用。
十一味木香散（这两个方剂见“顶陷灰白”章节）
当归补血汤（这个方剂见“寒战切牙”章节）
十全大补汤（这个方剂见“腹胀气促”章节）
The *Douzhen Fang* (Formulas for Smallpox and Measles) states: When the eruption of smallpox is emerging, it should ideally appear slightly, which shares the same mechanism as inducing sweating. Although blood and sweat differ in form, their source is one. This is because smallpox and measles erupt from foul blood; when pathogenic factors accumulate in the Lung and Stomach, toxic vapors naturally rise and overflow. If such symptoms are observed, one must not administer medication recklessly, lest improper treatment cause stasis to remain un-discharged or newly discharged blood to be injured again, thereby generating complications. If thirst with a desire to drink cold liquids occurs, along with heat in both hands and feet, this indicates excessive toxic heat causing blood to overflow upwards; Shengji Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Sage-ji Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction from Shengji) is appropriate. If epistaxis results from heat-toxin in the Lung Meridian, Dihuang Qingfei Yin (Rehmannia Lungs-Clearing Infusion) should be used. If hematemesis results from heat-toxin in the Stomach Meridian, Shengji Xijiao Dihuang Tang is also used; similarly, if hematochezia results from heat-toxin in the Intestines and Stomach, it is also used. If thirst with a desire to drink warm liquids occurs without heat in the hands and feet, this indicates deficiency of Liver and Lung Qi failing to control blood, causing it to flow recklessly; Wuyi Yigong San (Five-Ingredient Extraordinary Efficacy Powder) is appropriate. If bleeding is accompanied by thirst, irritability, and a red face, this indicates blood depletion; Danggui Buxue Tang (Angelica Tonifying Blood Decoction) is appropriate.
A child had smallpox for three or four days and passed blood in the stool, several drops daily, which continued until the eighth day without stopping, and the pustules failed to elevate. Imperial Physician Qian Chunlin diagnosed Spleen Qi deficiency and Cold, and administered Muxiang San (Costus Powder) for two doses, adding eleven cloves (Dingxiang) and five qian of Ginseng (Renshen). The next day, the pustules elevated and suppurated, the bleeding stopped, and the child recovered after more than twenty days.
Another child had bright red and active smallpox lesions but experienced intermittent itching, thirst, hematochezia, and a red face. My father (Xianjun) diagnosed Heat in the Intestines and Stomach and prescribed Shengji Xijiao Dihuang Tang plus Chaihu (Bupleurum) for one dose, after which all symptoms gradually subsided; subsequently, Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) plus Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) and Honghua (Carthamus) was used to achieve recovery.
Another child had red and painful smallpox lesions, irritability, fever, thirst, and occasional hematochezia or epistaxis. My father used Xijiao Dihuang Tang to stop the bleeding, then Zicao Kuaiban Tang (Arnebia Accelerating Rash-Decoction) to relieve pain. Later, when the scars turned white, Sijunzi Tang, Huangqi (Astragalus), and Danggui were used to effect a cure.
A child presented with epistaxis and a rapid pulse at the Right Cun position, indicating Fire in the Metal of the Lung. Xiexie San (Draining White Powder) was used to stop the bleeding. However, due to fatigue in the four limbs, Yiqi Tang (Qi-Tonifying Decoction) was administered to achieve recovery.
A child had red and painful smallpox lesions, hematemesis, and fever, indicating Heat-Toxin in the Stomach Meridian. Shengji Xijiao Dihuang Tang was first used, after which symptoms gradually improved; Wuyi Yigong San was then used to complete the cure.
A child presented with epistaxis and hematemesis after smallpox, with a yellowish-white complexion, due to deficiency of Spleen and Lung Qi. Maidong San (Ophiopogon Powder) was used to achieve recovery. Later, due to overwork, epistaxis and fever recurred, and the scars turned red. Sijunzi Tang, Danggui, and Huangqi were used to stop the nosebleed, and Wuyi Yigong San was used to clear the fever.
A child presented with epistaxis after smallpox; the scars turned red when feverish and white when the fever subsided, indicating Spleen and Stomach Qi deficiency. Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) plus Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) was administered in the morning, and Wuyi Yigong Tang plus Danggui in the evening, resulting in recovery.
A child presented with epistaxis, dizziness, pale lips, and nausea after smallpox, indicating deficiency of Central Qi and failure of Clear Yang to ascend. Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang plus Manjingzi (Vitex Fruit) provided slight improvement; upon removing Manjingzi, several more doses led to full recovery.
A child presented with either epistaxis or hematochezia after smallpox, with indeterminate red and white scars, and alternating cold and hot fingers. I diagnosed this as deficiency of Yuan Qi (Primal Qi) with rootless Fire appearing and disappearing suddenly. Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang was administered in the morning, and Wuyi Yigong San in the evening, each for more than twenty doses, leading to recovery. Later, due to mental exertion, the condition relapsed; the previous two formulas remained primary, supplemented by Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Substance Great Tonifying Decoction), resulting in recovery.
Xiexie San
Sangbaipi (Mulberry Bark, stir-fried)
Gancao (Licorice Root)
Digupi (Dogwood Root Bark)
Take 2–3 qian per dose, decoct in water.
Ren Shen Zhu Ye Tang (Ginseng and Bamboo Leaf Decoction)
Treats deficiency-heat irritability with insomnia, or spontaneous sweating.
Renshen (Ginseng Root)
Zhuye (Bamboo Leaves)
Gancao (Licorice Root) [each 2 qian]
Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) [2.5 qian]
Xiaomai (Wheat Grain)
Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber) [each 1.5 qian]
Take 2–3 qian per dose, add two slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and two scoops of Jingmi (Rice Grain), decoct in water, and take orally.
Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasure Decoction)
Shiyiwei Muxiang San (Eleven-Ingredient Costus Powder) [See "Top Depression Gray and White" section]
Wuyi Yigong San (Five-Ingredient Extraordinary Efficacy Powder)
Danggui Buxue Tang (Angelica Tonifying Blood Decoction) [See "Chills and Teeth Grinding" section]
Zicao Kuaiban Tang (Arnebia Accelerating Rash-Decoction) [See "Hematochezia and Black Stool" section]
Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Substance Great Tonifying Decoction) [See "Abdominal Distension and Shortness of Breath" section]
Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) [Identical to Liujunzi Tang minus Chenpi and Banxia; See "Failure to Crust and Confusion" section]