百 内嗽者名乳嗽，甚难调理，当审其虚实。若气粗痰盛，口疮眼热，先用比金丸。呕吐惊
悸，困倦自汗，用补肺散。惊嗽用琥珀散。乳嗽用天麻丸。若脾胃内热，用抱龙丸。风邪外
感者，用惺惺散。痰热既去，而气粗痰盛，或流涎者，脾肺气虚也，用异功散加桔梗。口疮
眼热，大便坚实者，用三黄丸；大便不实者，用白术散。若呕吐不乳，困倦自汗，或自利腹
胀者，脾胃气虚也，用六君子加柴胡。若惊悸困倦，痰盛不乳者，心脾血虚也，用四君子加
芎、归、酸枣仁。或因乳母食五辛浓味，致儿为患者，仍参喘嗽诸症。
治验
一小儿外感风邪，服表散之剂，汗出作喘，此邪气去而脾肺虚也，用异功散而汗喘止，再剂
而乳食进。
一小儿咳嗽，服抱龙丸，反吐泻不乳，腹胀发热，用六君子汤，母子并服而瘥。后因母饮酒
仍嗽，用清胃散加曲 ，母服而子亦愈。
一小儿患嗽。或用清痰等药，反吐乳，发搐热搦腹胀，此脾胃复伤，而内虚热也。用异功散
加钩藤钩渐愈。又用前药加当归而安。
一小儿患咳嗽，服牛黄清心丸，加喘促腹胀，此脾肺气虚也，用六君子汤顿愈。
补肺散（一名阿胶散） 治肺虚恶心喘急，久患咳嗽有痰。
阿胶（一两半，炒） 鼠粘子（炒） 马兜铃（各半两） 杏仁（七粒） 糯米（一两） 甘草（三分）
上每服一钱，水煎服。
天麻丸 治未满百 ，咳嗽不止。
天麻 蝉蜕 白僵蚕（炒） 人参 川芎 甘草 辰砂 天竺黄（各三钱） 牛胆南星 白附子 砒
雄黄（各一钱） 金箔（五片） 硼砂（五分）
上为末，蜜丸，芡实大，金箔为衣。每服一丸，用薄荷汤下。
愚按∶前方乃金石大毒之剂，不可轻用。况百 小儿，多是乳母饮食浓味，或母有肺病传儿
。昔一妇人服截疟丹，内有砒者，儿饮其乳，良久，子母昏愦，遍身发赤，翌日方苏。又一
妇人亦服前药，其子吐泻大作。大人尚不能胜，况小儿乎！凡服砒石之药中毒，遍身发赤，
昏愦或吐泻者，急灌醋碗许即苏，小儿数滴足矣。
琥珀散 治急慢惊风，涎潮昏冒，目瞪惊搐，内钓腹痛，或惊痫时发。
辰砂（一钱半） 琥珀 牛黄 僵蚕（炒，去丝嘴） 牛胆南星 全蝎 白附子 代赭石 天麻 乳
香蝉壳（各一钱）
上为末，每服一二分，白汤调下。
黄芩清肺饮 治肺燥而小便不通。
黄芩（一钱） 栀子（一个，打破）
上水煎服，不利加盐豉二十粒。
异功散
四君子汤
六君子汤
清胃散（四方见内钓）
白术散（方见积痛）
比金丸（方见惊痫）
三黄丸（方见疝症）
惺惺散（方见咳嗽）
抱龙丸（方见伤寒）
牛黄清心丸（方见急惊）
百日内咳嗽称为乳嗽，非常难以调理，应当辨别其虚证或实证。如果气粗痰多，伴有口疮和眼睛红肿发热，先用比金丸。如果出现呕吐、惊悸、困倦和自汗，用补肺散。因受惊引起的咳嗽用琥珀散。乳嗽用天麻丸。如果是脾胃内有热邪，用抱龙丸。如果是风邪外感，用惺惺散。当痰热已经清除，但依然气粗痰多，或者流口水，这是脾肺气虚的表现，用异功散加桔梗。如果有口疮、眼睛红肿发热，且大便干结坚硬，用三黄丸；如果大便稀溏不成形，用白术散。如果出现呕吐、拒绝吃奶、困倦自汗，或者自行腹泻且腹部胀满，这是脾胃气虚的表现，用六君子汤加柴胡。如果出现惊悸、困倦、痰多且拒绝吃奶，这是心脾血虚的表现，用四君子汤加川芎、当归、酸枣仁。也有可能是因为乳母食用了五辛（葱、蒜、韭、薤、兴渠）及浓烈滋腻的食物，导致婴儿患病的情况，治疗时仍需参考喘嗽等病症的治法。
医案记录：
有一个小儿外感风邪，服用发散表邪的药物后，出汗并出现气喘，这是邪气已去但脾肺虚弱所致，使用异功散后，汗出和气喘停止，再服用两剂后，吃奶进食恢复正常。
有一个小儿咳嗽，服用抱龙丸后，反而出现呕吐、腹泻、拒绝吃奶、腹部胀满和发热，使用六君子汤，母子同时服用后痊愈。后来因为母亲饮酒，孩子再次咳嗽，使用清胃散加神曲，母亲服用后，孩子也随之痊愈。
有一个小儿患咳嗽。有人使用清热化痰等药物，反而导致吐奶、抽搐、高热、肢体强直痉挛和腹部胀满，这是脾胃再次受损，体内产生虚热的表现。使用异功散加钩藤钩，逐渐好转。又使用前药加入当归，病情安定。
有一个小儿患咳嗽，服用牛黄清心丸后，加重为气喘急促和腹部胀满，这是脾肺气虚的表现，使用六君子汤，一次服用即痊愈。
补肺散（又名阿胶散） 治疗肺虚引起的恶心、气喘急促，以及长期患有咳嗽有痰的症状。
阿胶（一两半，炒制） 鼠粘子（即牛蒡子，炒制） 马兜铃（各半两） 杏仁（七粒） 糯米（一两） 甘草（三分）
以上药材每次取一钱，加水煎煮后服用。
天麻丸 治疗未满百日婴儿，咳嗽不止的症状。
天麻 蝉蜕 白僵蚕（炒制） 人参 川芎 甘草 辰砂 天竺黄（各三钱） 牛胆南星 白附子 砒雄黄（各一钱） 金箔（五片） 硼砂（五分）
以上药材研为细末，用蜂蜜制成丸药，大小如芡实，外用金箔包裹。每次服用一丸，用薄荷汤送服。
我按语：前面的方剂含有金石类大毒药物，不可轻易使用。况且百日内的婴儿，大多是因为乳母饮食过于浓烈滋腻，或者母亲患有肺病传染给婴儿。过去有一位妇人服用截疟丹，其中含有砒石，婴儿饮用了她的乳汁，过了一会儿，母子二人昏迷不醒，全身发红，第二天才苏醒。又有一位妇人也服用了前药，她的孩子呕吐腹泻严重。成年人尚且不能承受，何况是婴儿呢！凡是服用含砒石药物中毒，出现全身发红、昏迷不醒或呕吐腹泻的，急灌一碗醋即可苏醒，婴儿只需几滴即可。
琥珀散 治疗急惊风和慢惊风，痰涎上涌导致昏蒙冒昧，眼睛直视、受惊抽搐，内钓腹痛，或者惊痫不时发作。
辰砂（一钱半） 琥珀 牛黄 僵蚕（炒制，去除丝嘴） 牛胆南星 全蝎 白附子 代赭石 天麻 乳香蝉壳（各一钱）
以上药材研为细末，每次服用一二分，用白开水调服。
黄芩清肺饮 治疗肺燥导致的小便不通。
黄芩（一钱） 栀子（一个，打破）
以上加水煎煮服用，若小便仍不利，加盐豉二十粒。
异功散
四君子汤
六君子汤
清胃散（四方见内钓章节）
白术散（方见积痛章节）
比金丸（方见惊痫章节）
三黄丸（方见疝症章节）
惺惺散（方见咳嗽章节）
抱龙丸（方见伤寒章节）
牛黄清心丸（方见急惊章节）
Baonei Sou (Cough within the First Hundred Days), also known as Ru Sou (Breast Cough), is very difficult to manage. One must distinguish between deficiency and excess patterns. If there is coarse breathing with abundant phlegm, accompanied by mouth sores and redness/heat in the eyes, Bi Jin Wan (Golden Comparison Pill) should be used first. If vomiting, palpitations from fright, fatigue, and spontaneous sweating occur, Bu Fei San (Lung Tonifying Powder) is indicated. For cough caused by fright, Hu Po San (Amber Powder) is used. For Ru Sou (Breast Cough), Tian Ma Wan (Gastrodia Pill) is prescribed. If there is internal heat in the Spleen and Stomach, Bao Long Wan (Embracing Dragon Pill) is used. For external contraction of Wind pathogen, Xing Xing San (Xing Xing Powder) is applied. Once Phlegm-Heat has been cleared, but coarse breathing with abundant phlegm or drooling persists, this indicates Qi Deficiency of the Spleen and Lung; Yi Gong San (Yi Gong Powder) with Jie Geng (Platycodon Root) should be used. If there are mouth sores, redness/heat in the eyes, and solid stools, San Huang Wan (Three Yellow Pill) is used; if stools are loose/unformed, Bai Zhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder) is indicated. If vomiting, refusal to nurse, fatigue, spontaneous sweating, or spontaneous diarrhea with abdominal distension occur, this indicates Qi Deficiency of the Spleen and Stomach; Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) with Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root) is prescribed. If palpitations from fright, fatigue, abundant phlegm, and refusal to nurse occur, this indicates Blood Deficiency of the Heart and Spleen; Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) with Chuan Xiong (Sichuan Lovage Rhizome), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), and Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphus Seed) is used. In cases where the infant suffers due to the nursing mother consuming Wu Xin (Five Pungent Spices: garlic, chives, leeks, scallions, and asafoetida) and rich/heavy flavors, treatment should refer to the methods for panting and coughing syndromes.
Clinical Cases:
An infant contracted external Wind pathogen. After taking diaphoretic agents, sweat occurred followed by panting. This indicated that the pathogen had departed but the Spleen and Lung were deficient. Yi Gong San was administered, stopping the sweating and panting; after two more doses, nursing and food intake resumed.
An infant suffered from cough. After taking Bao Long Wan (Embracing Dragon Pill), vomiting, diarrhea, refusal to nurse, abdominal distension, and fever ensued. Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) was prescribed for both mother and child, leading to recovery. Later, because the mother drank alcohol, the infant's cough recurred. Qing Wei San (Stomach Clearing Powder) plus Shen Qu (Medicated Leaven) was given to the mother, which cured the infant as well.
An infant suffered from cough. Treatment with phlegm-resolving drugs caused vomiting of milk, convulsions, high fever, limb rigidity/spasms, and abdominal distension. This indicated further injury to the Spleen and Stomach and internal deficiency-heat. Yi Gong San plus Gou Teng Gou (Uncaria Hook) gradually improved the condition. Subsequently, adding Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis) to the previous formula stabilized the infant.
An infant suffered from cough. After taking Niu Huang Qing Xin Wan (Calculus Bovis Heart-Clearing Pill), panting urgency and abdominal distension worsened. This indicated Qi Deficiency of the Spleen and Lung. Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) cured it immediately upon one dose.
Bu Fei San (also known as E Jiao San) treats nausea and urgent panting due to Lung Deficiency, and chronic cough with phlegm.
E Jiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin) (1 liang 5 qian, stir-fried) Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus, stir-fried) Lou Lu Gen (Aristolochiae Radix, half liang each) Xing Ren (Prunus Armeniaca Seed, 7 grains) Nuomi (Glutinous Rice, 1 liang) Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 3 fen)
Take 1 qian per dose, decoct in water, and drink.
Tian Ma Wan treats infants under 100 days old with persistent cough.
Tian Ma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) Chan Tui (Cicada Slough) Bai Jiang Can (Bombyx Batryticatus, stir-fried) Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Chuan Xiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma) Gan Cao (Licorice Root) Chen Sha (Cinnabar) Tian Zhu Huang (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia) (each 3 qian) Niu Dan Nan Xing (Arisaema cum Bile) Bai Fu Zi (Typhonii Rhizoma) Pi Xiong Huang (Realgar mixed with Arsenic Trioxide, each 1 qian) Jin Bo (Gold Foil, 5 pieces) Peng Sha (Borax, 5 fen)
Grind into powder, make pills with honey, size of Euryale Seed, coat with Gold Foil. Take one pill per dose, wash down with Mint Decoction.
My Commentary: The above formulas contain heavy metals and minerals which are highly toxic; they should not be used lightly. Moreover, infants under 100 days often suffer due to the nursing mother's rich diet or transmission of Lung disease from the mother. Previously, a woman took Jie Nue Dan (Malaria-Cutting Pill) containing Pi Shi (Arsenic Trioxide). Her infant drank her milk, and soon both mother and infant became comatose with reddened skin, recovering only the next day. Another woman took the same medicine, and her infant suffered severe vomiting and diarrhea. Even adults cannot withstand these, let alone infants! For poisoning from arsenic-containing medicines, manifesting as reddened skin, coma, or vomiting/diarrhea, urgently administering about a bowl of vinegar can restore consciousness; for infants, just a few drops suffice.
Hu Po San treats acute and chronic Feng Syndrome (Convulsive Disorders), flooding of saliva/phlegm causing dizziness/confusion, staring eyes, fright-induced spasms, internal hooking abdominal pain, or intermittent Jing Xian (Fright Epilepsy).
Chen Sha (Cinnabar, 1 qian 5 fen) Hu Po (Amber) Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis) Jiang Can (Bombyx Batryticatus, stir-fried, remove silk/mouth parts) Niu Dan Nan Xing (Arisaema cum Bile) Quan Xie (Scorpion) Bai Fu Zi (Typhonii Rhizoma) Dai Zhe Shi (Haematitum) Tian Ma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) Ru Xiang Chan Ke (Frankincense Cicada Shell) (each 1 qian)
Grind into powder. Take 1-2 fen per dose, mix with warm water and ingest.
Huang Qin Qing Fei Yin treats Lung Dryness causing urinary obstruction.
Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 1 qian) Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus, 1 fruit, crushed)
Decoct in water and drink. If urination remains obstructed, add Yan Chi (Fermented Soybean) 20 grains.
Yi Gong San
Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction)
Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction)
Qing Wei San (See "Internal Hooking" section for formula)
Bai Zhu San (See "Accumulation Pain" section for formula)
Bi Jin Wan (See "Fright Epilepsy" section for formula)
San Huang Wan (See "Sham Syndrome" section for formula)
Xing Xing San (See "Cough" section for formula)
Bao Long Wan (See "Cold Damage" section for formula)
Niu Huang Qing Xin Wan (See "Acute Fright" section for formula)