治冬月伤感风寒头痛项强壮热恶寒身体烦痛四肢倦怠痰壅喘嗽涕
唾稠粘自汗恶风并宜服
川芎 白芷 陈皮（各一钱） 苍术（一钱半） 紫苏（一钱二分） 麻黄（去根一钱半） 桂
枝（八分） 甘草（五分）
上用姜三片葱白二根乌豆一撮水一钟半煎一钟温服以汗为度无汗再服
咳谓有声肺气伤而不清嗽谓有痰脾湿动而生痰咳嗽者因伤肺气而动脾湿
也病本虽
分六气五脏之殊而其要皆主于肺盖肺主气而声出也治法虽分新久虚实新病风寒则散之火热则
清之湿热则泻之久病便属虚属郁气虚则补气宜加四君子血虚则补血宜加四物兼郁则开郁宜加
抚芎香附兼痰则消痰宜加半夏栝蒌仁滋之润之敛之降之此治嗽之大法也
杏仁（去皮尖） 白茯苓（各一钱） 桔梗 甘草 五味子（各五分） 橘红（七分） 贝母（
一钱二分）
上用姜水煎食远服凡嗽春多上升之气宜清肺抑肝加川芎白芍药半夏（各一钱）麦门冬黄
芩知
母（各七分）春若伤风咳嗽鼻流清涕宜清凉解散加防风薄荷炒黄芩麦门冬紫苏（各八分）夏
月多火热炎上最重宜清肺降火加桑白皮知母黄芩麦门冬石膏（各一钱）秋多湿热伤肺宜清热
泻湿加苍术桑白皮（各一钱）防风（五分）黄芩山栀（各七分）冬多风寒外感宜解表行痰加麻
黄桂枝半夏生姜干姜防风（各一钱）脯经素有热者再加酒炒黄芩知母（各五分）若发热头疼
鼻塞声重再加 本川芎前胡柴胡（各一钱）有痰加半夏南星枳实湿痰脾困再加苍术白术
（各一钱）有痰而口燥咽干勿用半夏南星宜加知母（蜜水炒）贝母栝蒌仁黄芩（炒各一钱）
夏
月热痰或素热有痰加黄芩黄连知母（各八分）石膏（一钱半）上半日嗽者胃中有火加贝母石膏
黄
连（各一钱）五更嗽者加同上黄昏嗽者火浮于肺不可正用寒凉药宜加五味子五倍子诃子皮
（各七分）敛而降之咳嗽日久肺虚宜滋气补血加人参黄 阿胶当归天门冬款冬花马兜铃酒炒
芍
药之类肺热喘咳去人参用沙参此兼补血气也午后咳者属阴虚即劳嗽也宜补阴降火加川芎当
归白芍药熟地黄黄柏知母天门冬栝蒌仁（各一钱）竹沥姜汁传送此专补阴血而降火也火郁嗽
谓
痰郁火邪在中宜开郁消痰用诃子皮香附（童便制）栝蒌仁半夏曲海石青黛黄芩等分为末蜜丸噙
化仍服前补阴降火条所加药失治则成劳痰积食积作咳嗽用香附栝蒌仁贝母海石青黛半夏曲
软石膏山楂枳实黄连（姜炒）各等分为末蜜丸噙化劳嗽见血加阿胶当归白芍药天门冬知母桑
白皮亦于前肺虚阴虚二条参用大抵咳嗽见血多是肺受热邪气得热而变为火火盛而阴血不得安
宁从火上升故致妄行宜泻火滋阴忌用人参黄 等甘温补气之药然亦有气虚而咳血者则宜用人
参黄 款冬花等药但此不多耳因咳而有痰者咳为重主治在肺因痰而致咳者痰为重主治在
脾但是食积成痰痰气上升以致咳嗽只治其痰消其积而嗽自止不必用肺药以治嗽也
喘嗽遇冬则发此寒包热也解表热自除喘嗽亦止
枳壳 桔梗 麻黄 防风 陈皮 黄芩 木通 紫苏 杏仁（各等分）
上用姜三片煎服
治风寒郁于肺夜嗽者宜此方取痰清嗽止亦治（哮喘）
麻黄（不去节根） 杏仁（不去皮尖） 甘草（生减半） 知母 贝母（各一钱半）
上用姜三
片水煎服有热（加黄芩一钱）
治疗冬季感受风寒引起的头痛、项背强直、发热、恶寒、身体烦痛、四肢倦怠、痰多壅盛、气喘咳嗽、鼻涕和唾液稠粘、自汗、怕风等症状，均适宜服用此方。
川芎、白芷、陈皮（各一钱），苍术（一钱半），紫苏（一钱二分），麻黄（去根，一钱半），桂枝（八分），甘草（五分）。
以上药材用生姜三片、葱白二根、乌豆一撮、水一碗半，煎至一碗，温服。以出汗为度，若无汗可再服。
咳嗽指有声，是肺气受伤而不清利；咳（嗽）指有痰，是脾湿动而生痰。咳嗽的病机，是因为伤及肺气而触动脾湿所致。病的根本虽然分为六淫邪气和五脏的不同，但其关键都在于肺。因为肺主气，声音由此发出。治疗方法虽然分为新病久病、虚证实证：新病由风寒引起则发散之，由火热引起则清泻之，由湿热引起则利湿泻热；久病则属于虚证或郁证，气虚则补气，适宜加入四君子汤；血虚则补血，适宜加入四物汤；兼有郁结则开郁，适宜加入抚芎、香附；兼有痰浊则消痰，适宜加入半夏、瓜蒌仁。滋润、收敛、降逆，这是治疗咳嗽的大法。
杏仁（去皮尖）、白茯苓（各一钱），桔梗、甘草、五味子（各五分），橘红（七分），贝母（一钱二分）。
以上药材用姜水煎煮，饭后服用。凡是咳嗽，春季多因上升之气所致，宜清肺抑肝，加川芎、白芍药、半夏（各一钱）、麦门冬、黄芩、知母（各七分）。春季若伤风咳嗽、流清涕，宜清凉解散，加防风、薄荷、炒黄芩、麦门冬、紫苏（各八分）。夏季多火热炎上，最为重要的是清肺降火，加桑白皮、知母、黄芩、麦门冬、石膏（各一钱）。秋季多湿热伤肺，宜清热泻湿，加苍术、桑白皮（各一钱）、防风（五分）、黄芩、山栀（各七分）。冬季多风寒外感，宜解表行痰，加麻黄、桂枝、半夏、生姜、干姜、防风（各一钱）。平素体内有热者，再加酒炒黄芩、知母（各五分）。若发热、头痛、鼻塞、声音重浊，再加藁本、川芎、前胡、柴胡（各一钱）。有痰加半夏、南星、枳实；湿痰导致脾困倦，再加苍术、白术（各一钱）。有痰且口燥咽干者，勿用半夏、南星，宜加知母（蜜水炒）、贝母、瓜蒌仁、黄芩（炒，各一钱）。夏季热痰或平素体热有痰者，加黄芩、黄连、知母（各八分）、石膏（一钱半）。上半日咳嗽者，胃中有火，加贝母、石膏、黄连（各一钱）。五更天咳嗽者，加上述药物。黄昏咳嗽者，火浮于肺，不可正用寒凉药，宜加五味子、五倍子、诃子皮（各七分），以收敛降逆。咳嗽日久致肺虚，宜滋气补血，加人参、黄芪、阿胶、当归、天门冬、款冬花、马兜铃、酒炒芍药之类；肺热喘咳者，去人参，改用沙参，这是兼补气血的方法。午后咳嗽者，属阴虚，即劳嗽，宜补阴降火，加川芎、当归、白芍药、熟地黄、黄柏、知母、天门冬、瓜蒌仁（各一钱），用竹沥、姜汁送服，这是专补阴血而降火的方法。火郁咳嗽，谓痰郁火邪在中，宜开郁消痰，用诃子皮、香附（童便制）、瓜蒌仁、半夏曲、海浮石、青黛、黄芩等分为末，蜜丸含化，仍服用前述补阴降火条中所加的药材。失治则成劳证、痰积、食积作咳嗽，用香附、瓜蒌仁、贝母、海浮石、青黛、半夏曲、软石膏、山楂、枳实、黄连（姜炒）各等分为末，蜜丸含化。劳嗽见血，加阿胶、当归、白芍药、天门冬、知母、桑白皮，也可参考前述肺虚、阴虚两条用药。大抵咳嗽见血，多是肺受热邪，气得热而变为火，火盛而阴血不得安宁，随火上升，故致妄行出血，宜泻火滋阴，忌用人参、黄芪等甘温补气之药。然而也有气虚而咳血者，则宜用人参、黄芪、款冬花等药，但这种情况不多。因咳嗽而有痰者，咳为重，主治在肺；因痰而致咳者，痰为重，主治在脾。但是食积成痰，痰气上升以致咳嗽，只需治其痰、消其积，而咳嗽自然停止，不必用治肺的药来治咳嗽。
枳壳、桔梗、麻黄、防风、陈皮、黄芩、木通、紫苏、杏仁（各等分）。
以上药材用生姜三片煎服。
治疗风寒郁闭于肺导致的夜间咳嗽，适宜用此方，取效后痰清咳止。也治疗哮喘。
麻黄（不去节根）、杏仁（不去皮尖）、甘草（生用，减半）、知母、贝母（各一钱半）。
以上药材用生姜三片、水煎服。若有热，加黄芩一钱。
To treat headache, stiffness of the neck and back, fever, aversion to cold, bodily restlessness and pain, limb fatigue, phlegm obstruction, wheezing and cough, thick and sticky nasal discharge and saliva, spontaneous sweating, and aversion to wind caused by contracting wind-cold in winter, this formula is suitable.
Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi) (each 1 qian), Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu) (1.5 qian), Perillae Folium (Zisu), Ephedrae Herba Mahuang (Mahuang, 麻黄) (root removed, 1.5 qian), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) (0.8 fen), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (0.5 fen).
Take the above herbs, add three slices of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜), two stalks of Allii Fistulosi Album (Congbai), a pinch of Soja Semen Nigrum (Wudou), and one and a half bowls of water. Decoct until one bowl remains. Take warm. The dosage should be adjusted until sweating occurs; if no sweat, take again.
"Cough" (Ke) refers to sound, indicating Lung Qi injury and lack of clarity; "Sputum expectoration" (Sou) refers to phlegm, indicating Spleen dampness stirring up phlegm production. The pathology of cough involves injuring Lung Qi and stirring Spleen dampness. Although the root causes differ among the Six Evils and Five Zang organs, the key lies in the Lung, as the Lung governs Qi and voice originates from it. Treatment methods distinguish between new/old and deficiency/excess: for new cases due to wind-cold, disperse them; due to fire-heat, clear them; due to damp-heat, drain dampness and heat. For old cases belonging to deficiency or stagnation: tonify Qi with Sizijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction); nourish Blood with Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction); resolve stagnation with Fuxiong and Xiangfu; resolve phlegm with Banxia and Gualou Ren. Moistening, astringing, and descending are the general principles for treating cough.
Apricot Kernel (Xingren) (skin and tip removed), Poria (Fuling) (each 1 qian), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi) (each 0.5 fen), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Juhong) (0.7 fen), Fritillariae Bulbus (Beimu) (1.2 fen).
Decoct with ginger water and take after meals. Generally, spring coughs involve ascending Qi; clear Lung and suppress Liver, adding Chuanxiong, Paoniae Radix Alba (Baishaoyao), Banxia (each 1 qian), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu) (each 0.7 fen). If spring wind-cold causes cough with clear runny nose, use cooling dispersal, adding Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe), fried Huangqin, Maidong, Zisu (each 0.8 fen). Summer features rising fire-heat; prioritize clearing Lung and descending fire, adding Dendrobii Caulis (Sangbaipi - *Note: Text says Sangbaipi which usually refers to Cortex Morii Radicis, i.e., Sangbaipishen, but strictly translated as written*), Zhimu, Huangqin, Maidong, Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao) (each 1 qian). Autumn features damp-heat injuring Lung; clear heat and drain dampness, adding Cangzhu, Sangbaipi (each 1 qian), Fangfeng (0.5 fen), Huangqin, Gardeniae Fructus (Shanzhi) (each 0.7 fen). Winter features external wind-cold; release exterior and move phlegm, adding Mahuang, Guizhi, Banxia, Shengjiang, Zingiberis Rhizoma Ustus (Ganjiang), Fangfeng (each 1 qian). For those with inherent heat, add wine-fried Huangqin and Zhimu (each 0.5 fen). If fever, headache, nasal congestion, and heavy voice occur, add Libanaris Rhizoma (Gaoben), Chuanxiong, Peucedani Radix (Qianhu), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu) (each 1 qian). Add Banxia, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (Nanxing), Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhishi) for phlegm; add Cangzhu, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) (each 1 qian) for damp-phlegm causing Spleen fatigue. For phlegm with dry mouth and throat, avoid Banxia and Nanxing; add Zhimu (honey-fried), Beimu, Gualou Ren, Huangqin (fried, each 1 qian). For summer hot-phlegm or inherent heat with phlegm, add Huangqin, Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), Zhimu (each 0.8 fen), Shigao (1.5 qian). For morning cough (stomach fire), add Beimu, Shigao, Huanglian (each 1 qian). For dawn cough, add the same as above. For dusk cough, fire floats in Lung; do not use cold medicines directly; add Wuweizi, Schisandracea Fructus (Wubeizi), Terminalia Chebulae Fructus (Hezipi) (each 0.7 fen) to astringe and descend. For chronic cough causing Lung deficiency, tonify Qi and nourish Blood, adding Ginseng Radix (Renshen), Astragali Radix (Huangqi), Donkey-hide Gelatin (Ejiao), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), Asparagi Radix (Tianmendong), Farflos Flos (Kuandonghua), Aristolochiae Radix (Madouling), wine-fried Shaoyao, etc. For Lung heat with wheezing/cough, remove Renshen, use Glehniae Radix (Shashen) to tonify Qi and Blood. Afternoon cough indicates Yin deficiency (consumptive cough); nourish Yin and descend fire, adding Chuanxiong, Danggui, Baishaoyao, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shudihuang), Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai), Zhimu, Tianmendong, Gualou Ren (each 1 qian), taken with Arum Rhizoma Juice (Zhuli) and Ginger Juice (Jiangzhi) to specifically nourish Yin blood and descend fire. Fire-stagnation cough involves phlegm-stagnant fire in the middle; resolve stagnation and eliminate phlegm using Hezipi, Xiangfu (processed with child's urine), Gualou Ren, Banxia Qu, Calcitum (Haishishi), Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai), Huangqin equal parts, made into honey pills to be held in mouth and dissolved. Continue taking the Yin-nourishing/fire-descending additions mentioned earlier. Untreated cases may become consumptive phlegm accumulation or food accumulation cough; use Xiangfu, Gualou Ren, Beimu, Haishishi, Qingdai, Banxia Qu, soft Shigao, Crataegi Fructus (Shanzha), Zhishi, Jiang-chopped Huanglian equal parts, honey pills to dissolve. Consumptive cough with blood: add Ejiao, Danggui, Baishaoyao, Tianmendong, Zhimu, Sangbaipi; refer to previous Lung deficiency/Yin deficiency sections. Generally, hemoptysis in cough is due to Lung heat transforming Qi into fire, disturbing Yin blood, causing reckless ascent; clear fire and nourish Yin, avoid sweet-warm Qi-tonics like Renshen and Huangqi. However, Qi-deficiency hemoptysis exists, treated with Renshen, Huangqi, Kuandonghua, etc., though rare. When cough produces phlegm, cough is primary, treatment focuses on Lung; when phlegm causes cough, phlegm is primary, treatment focuses on Spleen. If food accumulation creates phlegm rising to cause cough, treat phlegm and digest accumulation; cough stops naturally without Lung-specific drugs.
Wheezing/cough occurring in winter is "Cold wrapping Heat". Releasing the exterior removes heat, stopping wheezing/cough.
Aurantii Fructus (Zhike), Jiegeng, Mahuang, Fangfeng, Chenpi, Huangqin, Akebiae Caulis (Mutong), Zisu, Xingren (equal parts).
Decoct with three slices of Shengjiang and take.
For night cough due to wind-cold stagnating in Lung, this formula clears phlegm and stops cough. Also treats Asthma (Xiaochuan).
Mahuang (nodes and roots not removed), Xingren (skin and tips not removed), Gancao (raw, halved), Zhimu, Beimu (each 1.5 qian).
Decoct with three slices of Shengjiang and water. If heat is present, add Huangqin 1 qian.