一治伤寒必须直攻毒瓦斯，不可补益，盖邪气在经络中，若随症早攻之，只三四日可
愈。若却行补益，则毒瓦斯流炽，反致危困。
一伤寒神虽昏乱，而小便仍通者，乃阴气未绝之征，尚可治之。
一伤寒不思饮食，切不可用温脾健胃之药，以致反增热毒，为害不浅，但为因邪去
病，里和自能思食。
一伤寒温疫，其不可治及难治者，必属下元虚症。如家中传染者，缘家有病患，则
日夕忧患，而饮食少进，少则气馁，时与病患相近，感其病气从口鼻而入，故宜清阳明
舒郁滞兼理劳伤为要，有余误作不足，犹无大害，不足误作有余立见倾危。
一伤寒虚热内炽，胃中津液干枯，必仗甘寒气味之药，方可和之，但方宜小，服宜
频。如极饥人得食，必渐渐与之，故一昼夜频进五六剂，为浸灌之法，则邪热得以渐
解，元气得以复生。若小其剂，复旷其日，亦无及矣。
一伤寒自利，当分阴阳二证，切不可概投补药、暖药、止泻药，以致杀人，惟自利
而身不热。若手中温者，属太阴，身冷四肢逆者，属少阴厥阴，其余身热下利者。皆阳
症也。
一凡冒露感雨，湿气内攻，而胸前凝滞者，此但可燥湿和中。若误下之，则湿气下
行，损伤脾胃随必变痢，久则血液注下，即俗名五色痢，变为四肢冰冷，手足开撒，昏
沉神倦，尺寸沉微，泻遗无度，男子谓之亡阳，小儿谓之慢脾。
一伤寒、温疫，三阳症中，往往多带阳明者，以手阳明经属大肠，与肺为表里，同
开窍于鼻，足阳明经属胃，与脾为表里，同开窍于口。凡邪气之所入必从口鼻，故见阳
明症者独多。
一、治疗伤寒必须直接攻逐毒邪，不可使用补益之法。因为邪气在经络之中，如果根据症状及时攻邪，只需三四天即可痊愈。如果反而使用补益药物，则会导致毒邪炽盛流窜，反而造成危重困顿的局面。
二、伤寒患者虽然神志昏乱，但小便仍然通畅的，这是阴气尚未断绝的迹象，还可以治疗。
三、伤寒患者不想进食，千万不可使用温脾健胃的药物，以免反而增加热毒，带来不小的危害。只要邪气去除，病愈后，体内调和自然能产生食欲。
四、伤寒和温疫中，那些无法治愈或难以治愈的病例，必然属于下元虚损的证候。例如家中发生传染，是因为家里有病患，导致家人日夜忧虑，饮食摄入减少，气机随之衰弱；又时常靠近病患，感受病气从口鼻侵入。因此，治疗应以清泻阳明、疏通郁滞兼调理劳伤为关键。将有余（实证）误作不足（虚证），尚且没有大害；若将不足（虚证）误作有余（实证），则会立刻出现倾覆危亡的后果。
五、伤寒出现虚热在内炽盛，胃中津液干枯的情况，必须依靠气味甘寒的药物，才能调和。但方剂的剂量宜小，服用次数宜频。就像极度饥饿的人得到食物，必须逐渐给予一样。所以一昼夜内频繁进服五六剂，采用这种“浸灌”的方法，使邪热得以逐渐解除，元气得以恢复生机。如果缩小剂量，又拉长服药间隔时间，那就来不及了。
六、伤寒引起的自发性腹泻，应当区分阴证和阳证两种情况，千万不可一概投用补药、暖药或止泻药，否则会导致死亡。只有自发性腹泻而身体不发热的，如果手中温暖，属于太阴病；如果身体寒冷、四肢厥逆的，属于少阴病或厥阴病。其余身体发热并伴有下利的，都属于阳证。
七、凡是冒雨受湿，湿气内侵，导致胸前凝滞不畅的，这只能采用燥湿和中（干燥湿气、调和脾胃）的方法。如果错误地使用攻下法，则湿气下行，损伤脾胃，随后必定转变为痢疾，日久则血液随大便排出，即俗称为五色痢，进而变为四肢冰冷、手足张开散漫、昏沉神疲、寸关尺脉象沉微、泄泻失禁无度。男子这种情况称为亡阳，小儿这种情况称为慢脾风。
八、伤寒和温疫中，三阳证往往多兼带阳明证。这是因为手阳明大肠经属大肠，与肺互为表里，共同开窍于鼻；足阳明胃经属胃，与脾互为表里，共同开窍于口。凡邪气入侵人体，必然从口鼻进入，所以见到阳明证的特别多。
1. In the treatment of Shanghan (Cold Damage), one must directly attack and purge the pathogenic toxins; tonification methods should not be used. This is because when the pathogenic factor resides in the meridians, timely purging according to symptoms allows for recovery in only three to four days. Conversely, if tonifying herbs are administered, the toxins will become rampant and spread, leading to a critical and perilous condition.
2. If a patient with Shanghan presents with mental confusion but still has unobstructed urination, this indicates that the Yin Qi (Vital Energy associated with Yin) has not yet been exhausted, and the condition remains treatable.
3. When a Shanghan patient loses their appetite, one must absolutely avoid using herbs that warm the Spleen and strengthen the Stomach, as this may exacerbate heat toxins and cause significant harm. Once the pathogenic factor is eliminated and the interior harmonizes, appetite will naturally return.
4. Among cases of Shanghan and Wenyi (Warm Epidemic diseases), those that are incurable or difficult to treat invariably belong to patterns of deficiency in the Lower Yuan (Lower Origin/Kidney essence). For instance, in cases of household transmission, family members suffer from daily anxiety due to the illness, leading to reduced food intake. This reduction causes Qi deficiency. Proximity to the sick person allows the pathogenic Qi to enter through the mouth and nose. Therefore, treatment should focus on clearing the Yangming channel, relieving stagnation, and addressing exhaustion. Mistaking excess for deficiency causes little harm; however, mistaking deficiency for excess leads immediately to collapse and danger.
5. In Shanghan, when deficient heat blazes internally and the fluids in the Stomach are dried up, only herbs with sweet and cold properties can harmonize the condition. However, the dosage in the prescription should be small, and administration should be frequent. Just as an extremely hungry person must be fed gradually, the medicine should be administered frequently throughout the day and night, five or six doses, employing a method akin to "soaking" or "irrigating." This allows the pathogenic heat to resolve gradually and the Original Qi (Yuan Qi) to regenerate. If the dose is reduced and the interval between administrations lengthened, it will be too late.
6. Spontaneous diarrhea in Shanghan must be differentiated into Yin and Yang syndromes. One must absolutely avoid indiscriminately administering tonifying, warming, or antidiarrheal drugs, as this can be fatal. Only spontaneous diarrhea accompanied by a lack of body heat, where the hands remain warm, belongs to the Taiyin syndrome. Body coldness with cold limbs (Jue Ni) belongs to Shaoyin or Jueyin syndromes. All other cases of diarrhea accompanied by body heat belong to Yang syndromes.
7. Whenever exposure to rain and dampness causes dampness to invade internally and stagnate in the chest region, the treatment should solely involve drying dampness and harmonizing the middle Jiao. If mistaken for a case requiring purgation, the dampness will descend, damaging the Spleen and Stomach, inevitably transforming into dysentery. Over time, blood may appear in the stool, known colloquially as "Five-Color Dysentery," progressing to cold limbs, flaccid paralysis of hands and feet, lethargy, deep and faint pulses at the Cun, Guan, and Chi positions, and uncontrollable incontinence. In men, this is termed Wang Yang (Collapse of Yang); in children, it is called Man Pi Feng (Slow Spleen Wind).
8. In Shanghan and Wenyi, Yangming syndromes often accompany the Three Yang syndromes. This is because the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian governs the Large Intestine and forms an exterior-interior relationship with the Lung, both opening into the nose. The Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian governs the Stomach and forms an exterior-interior relationship with the Spleen, both opening into the mouth. Since pathogenic factors always enter through the mouth and nose, Yangming syndromes are observed particularly frequently.