治婴孩 乳不止。
盐豉七粒，口内含去皮，腻粉一钱，为末，丸如黍米大，每服三丸或五丸，藿香叶
煎汤，食前服。
凡儿在胎，口有秽恶。若生下速乘，啼声未出，用棉包指，拭去口中恶汁。若一作
啼声，恶即入腹，伏之于心。若遇天行时气，则热乘心，出而为斑，伏之于胃，出为
疮疹；伏之于肝，则出水泡；伏之在肺，则出脓泡。一或感冒，其毒随发，故有用甘
草、朱砂、牛黄，以下胎毒。然不若初生拭云秽汁，尤为有益无损也。
初诞之时，有于头额之前，发际中间灸之，益取其能截风路也。故诸风笃症，昏迷
沉绝，药力所不及者，于此灼艾，每有扶危之功。更有百会一穴，在项中旋毛之间，陷
者是穴。若惊痫等候。灸之亦济危困，然书曰夫灸者，本因河洛地土多寒，故儿生三
日，灸囟以防惊。有东南湿土多温，新生芽儿无病，万万勿宜逆灸。
凡浴时，须调和汤水，探看冷热。若不得所，令儿水惊，况冬久浴则伤风，夏久浴
则伤热，其浴时当护儿背，盖风寒皆自此而入，成痫、成风。然浴水而煮以金银丹砂虎
头骨之类，则除惊痫客忤；煮以铜铁等器，则辟恶气；煮以李楮桃根、黄连，则不生疮
丹毒；煮以麦门冬子、荆芥、铅锡，则安心气。至第三日，用桃、柳、梅、桑、槐树等
根，煎汤沼之，亦除恶气疮毒之患，兼辟不祥。
凡小儿平常无病，忌服药饵，否则遇疾无效。
古人有忌客一腊者，盖恐外客所触，致有客忤、发热等候。忌入庙堂者，恐神情闪
烁，致生怖畏。更有令儿佩真降香者，盖以最能辟诸邪恶也。
凡一周之内，遍处娇嫩，筋血未因，谓之芽儿，切忌洗浴，以致湿热之气，郁聚不
散，身生赤游丹毒，如胭脂涂染，肿而壮热，毒一入腹，则腹胀哽气，以致杀儿。更
有洗后包裹失护，风邪所伤，以致身生白流肿而壮热增寒，鼻塞脑间，痰喘咳逆，故儿
切忌频浴。
凡浣衣不可露于星月之下，易惹邪祟。如偶失收，当用醋炭熏过，方可衣之。《心
鉴》曰∶有鸟名天地女，又名隐飞鸟，最喜阴雨夜过飞鸣徘徊，其鸟纯雌无雄，若落羽人家庭
檐置儿衣中，令儿作痫，必死，化为其儿，故小儿生至十岁，浣衣不可夜露，（亦古书相传之一说也。）
凡当春夏月间，宜令地卧，使之不逆生长之气。如遇秋冬，宜就温和，使之不逆收藏之令，
有以甘菊为枕者，以其能清头目也。书又曰∶拔剑倚门，令儿不惊者，以小儿神气未全也。
凡乳母每日须令摸儿项后风池，若壮热者，当即熨之，便微汗出即愈。
凡在春天，勿与护顶裹足，以致阳气不舒，因多发热，即至长年，下体勿令过暖，
盖十六岁前血气方盛，如日方升，惟阴常不足耳，盖下体主阴，得寒凉则阴易长，过温
暖则阴暗消，故曲礼云，童子不衣裘裳。
小儿不可就瓢及瓶中饮水，否则令儿言语多讷。
凡生下遍身无皮，但是红肉者，速以白早米粉干扑，候生皮方止。若遍身如鱼泡，
碎则成水流渗者，用蜜陀僧研细干掺，仍服苏合香丸。若遍身黄肿加胆，眼闭呻吟腹胀
者，缘母怀胎之时，服寒凉克削之药太过也。
婴孩周岁以前，须验颅囟与症兼看，则补泻自得，吉凶易彰。诀曰∶颅囟青筋，脉
虚不荣∶颅囟常陷，滑泄便便；颅囟肿起，风痰不止；颅囟久冷，吐痢青春；颅囟虚
软，癫痫不免∶颅囟扁阔，暴泄易脱∶颅囟歪长，风作即亡；颅囟连额，惊风易伤；颅
囟未充，怕热怯寒；颅囟缓收，胎气不周；颅囟动数，神气昏弱∶颅囟宽大，受疾恐
害；颅囟未合，筋骨柔弱。
小儿面红色苍者，乃为童颜，外实也。大便色黄稠腻者，为内实也。并不须服药。
儿生三日，未乳之前，用牛黄一小豆大，蜜调成膏，乳汁化服，以下胎毒最妙。
盖牛黄益肝胆，除热定精神，止惊悸，除百病。若胎热者尤宜。形色不实者少服。更有
用淡豆豉浓煎下胎毒者，其毒即下，又能助养脾气，消化乳食。有月内以猪乳哺儿，可
解痘毒惊痫，且无撮口、脐风之患。
凡毒妊娠，必须饮食有节，寒热得调，起居有度，则胎受长养，气和神适。生子必
伟，兼须忌食热毒诸物，生儿免有脐突疮痈之患，及生之后，又须养血和气，使乳汁安
乎，则儿自受其益。
儿生六十日后，则瞳子成而能笑认人，切忌生人怀抱，及见非常。百日则任脉成，
能自反复。一百八十日，则尻骨成，母当令儿学坐。二百四十日则掌骨成，母当扶教匍
匐。三百日则髌骨成，母当扶教儿立。三百六十日则膝骨成，母当扶教儿行，此皆育儿
一定之法。若日捧怀抱，重袭棉裘，不令出见风日，不令着其地气，以致筋骨缓弱，数
岁不行，一少失护，疾病乃生，此皆保育太过之罪也。更凡戏谑之语，不可恣药，刀剑
凶具，勿使摸捉。莫近猿猴，近则伤意；莫抱鸦雀，抱恐伤眼。儿方学语，勿令挥霍，
会坐勿久令腰似折。行莫令早，筋骨柔弱，雷鸣击鼓，莫令掩耳，睡卧得节，须令早
起，饮食休过，衣勿重袭，常食羹蔬，休哺美味，甘肥酸冷，姜蒜瓜果，油腻生茄，切
勿过食。夜莫停灯，昼莫说鬼，睡莫当风，坐莫近水。笑极与和，哭极与喜，笑哭之
后，莫即与乳。心之有病，忌食盐卤；肺之有病，忌食焦苦；肝之有病，忌食辛疏∶脾
之有病，忌食酸味；肾之有病，忌食甘甜。助其他气，胎害于我。芡实、莲子，能通心
气。石榴与柑大涩汤胃。干柿煮蔗，尤能益肺。蒸藕炊豆，于肝有利。五味淮枣，脾家
可意，肥腻鹅鸭，鱼虾油醋，腥膻并盐，肺病切忌。生冷甘甜， 煎气之味，笼炊等
物，若犯脾病，亦所宜忌。心血髓肾，鸡羊熏炙，并凡煎炒，心病亦忌。至如湿面，肺
头油腻，肝家有病，忌之亦急。食甜成疳，食饱伤气，食酸损志，食冷成积，食苦耗
神，食咸闭气，食辣肺伤，食肥痰益，总食以淡薄滋味，则脾胃克消，百脉得润，脏腑
气清，病从何生？故凡小儿切忌食肉太早者耳，否则脾胃乃伤。若再甘甜面食不禁，则
令瘠虫痢积。若食腰子心血脑髓之类，则令走马疳候。若食葱韭薤蒜，则令心气郁结，
水窦不通，三焦虚热神情昏昧。若食飞禽瓦雀，则生疮癣 （疥，燥渴烦闷。若食螺蛳
螃蚬鳗鳖虾蟹等类，则令肠胃不禁，或泄或痢，至于鸡肉过食，则生蛔虫，尤宜切忌，
凡好酸者，其病在肝，好苦者在心，好甘者在脾，好辛者在肺，好咸者在肾，好热者内必寒。
好寒者内必热，如乍欲寒而乍欲热者，此必有虚火升降耳。）
凡足胫冷，腹虚胀，粪色青，吐乳食，眼珠青，面青白。脉沉微者，此内症已虚，
忌投凉药。若足胫热，两腮红，大便闭，小便赤，渴不止，上气急。脉紧数者，此乃
热症，忌投热药。
凡病在胸膈以上者，宜先食而后服药；病在四肢以下者，宜先服药而后食；病在四肢
血脉者，宜空服而在旦；病在骨髓者，宜饱满而在夜；病在里者，不以时候。药性
温热者。乳食前服；药性寒凉者，乳食后服；和平之剂，随意不拘。凡老人之病，药宜助火，
谓共阴长而阳虚；小儿之病药宜泻火，谓其阳多而阴少。然亦有老而实，少而
虚者，故亦不可执一。况小儿难任非常之热，亦难任非常之冷，稍有所偏，风症立见，故治冷当热，冷
去而不热，治热当冷，热去而不冷，不为热过，不为冷误，斯谓良医。大概小儿诸病，肝脾二经
居多，肝只有余，余者，是病气也，似重而易治，脾只不足，不足者，是元气也。似轻而难治。
医者妄行攻克，滞虽暂消，脾胃转薄，平肝清热，肝未平而元气愈伤，薛氏谆谆补脾，万世婴儿之司命也。
有儿在胎之时，其母取冷过度，冷气入于胞胎，及生之后，又因悲啼未定便即乳儿，
使与冷气蕴蓄腹内，久而不散，脾胃乃伤，轻则呕乳粪青，重则腹中气响，逆气涎潮，以致难愈。
须令燥湿和中，切不可误加削伐。若经吐泻津液自亡，虽有口渴唇焦，不可寒凉误用。及世有用朱
砂等味，以坠胎毒，轻粉等品以坠痰涎，损心损神，胎毒虽去，根本有伤，一生虚损，痰涎纵坠，
脾弱成风，可不慎乎。
《经》曰∶脾为黄婆，胃为金翁，脏腑气血咸赖之。有因变蒸唇肿头热。误以为伤食而克伐宣泄，
以为胃惊，而凉药镇心，以致有伤脾胃，大便青色，吐利不已，脾土愈虚，肝盛胃冷，筋挛作搐，尚谓
热极生风，复加凉药，不可挽回矣。
凡每抱儿，切勿哭泣，泪入儿眼，令儿眼枯。
（凡夏中盛热，乳母浴后，不可乳儿，能使儿成胃毒，秋成赤白色痢，或湿热之气流入心脾，
轻则乃生疮疥。更凡啼后，不可便乳，盖气逆不顺，乳则聚而为隧，能致变成惊风。更不可乳儿太过，
过饱则溢，溢则导虚胃气，变为呕吐。故凡呕逆，先宜清乳，自然吐痊。然此因饱溢，勿作胃寒，
更凡宿乳，须令捏去，弃乳须沃东壁之上为佳。若投于地，虫蚁食之，令乳勿汁，故乳母最宜得节，
慎勿有乖。如以喜乳与儿，令儿痰喘成惊，又令颠狂上气。以怒乳与儿，则令小儿症气，女子腹胀。
以寒乳与儿，则令便青而啼，奶片不化，亦食咳乳，以热乳与儿，则令叩吐，面黄不食，又能伤
损肺气。令成龟胸。以气乳与儿，令儿面色黄白，泄泻腹胀，乳哺减少，夜啼） 乳。以病乳与
儿，令儿能生诸疾，黄瘦骨蒸， 煎夜哭，盗汗虚羸。若壅乳不节令成痰涎，涎壅生惊，更有
吐逆。以魃乳与儿，则令腹急脏冷，而泄泻，胸背皆热，夜啼肌瘦，如一积块。以醉乳与儿，
则令恍惚多惊，腹急而痛，兼令身热。若母方吐即乳，则令儿虚羸。若乳母醉饱乳儿，则烦闷
之毒，流入乳中，令儿邪热伤心，惊悸抽掣而成天 。若母淫 情乱即乳，则令吐泻
身热啼叫，必发惊痫，如鸦声者，不治。更
有出胎而下吮乳者，其症有三，一因产妇取冷过度，胎中受寒，令儿腹痛，故不吮乳
者；一因胎受热毒，令儿生下体体俱黄，小便赤色，身热便闭，多啼而不吮乳者；有因
儿初出胎，恶秽入腹，以致腹满气短，不能吮乳者，此皆乳子之宜忌，为父母者，之所
当熟谙也。
凡剃头之日，须就温暖处避风，及剃之后，用薄荷三叶，杏仁三枚，去皮尖同捣
烂，入生麻油三四滴，腻粉拌和，在儿头上擦之，可避风邪，及一切疥疮。剃头日期，
宜于丑寅日吉，丁未日凶。五月、七月剃之，令儿短命。
夫人以脾胃为主，故乳哺须节，节则调脾养胃，否则损胃伤脾，百疳 生。夏忌热
乳，乳则令儿呕逆；冬忌冷乳，乳则令儿咳痢，皆宜捏去而后与之。食后不可与乳，乳
后不可与食。小儿肠胃怯弱，乳食并进，难于消化，初得成积，久则成癖成疳。故曰∶
忍三分寒，吃七分饱，频揉用少洗澡。吃热吃软吃少则不涌，吃冷吃硬吃多则生病。
凡寒则加衣，热则除帛，过寒则气滞而血凝泣，过热则汗出而腠里泄，以致风邪易
入，疾病乃生。更忌解脱，不可当风，然无风日暖，又当抱出游戏。如阴地草木不见风
日，未有坚持者。又不可日置地间，令肚着地，以致脾宫受寒，腹痛泄泻。且五脏俞
穴，皆系于背，肺脏尤娇，风寒一感，是以毫毛毕直，皮肤闭而为病，咳嗽喘呕，壮热
憎寒，故儿最要背暖肚者，脾胃处也。胃为水谷之海，脾为健运之司，冷则物不腐化，
多致肠鸣腹痛，呕吐泄泻，故儿更要肚暖，足系阳明，胃脉所络，故曰∶寒从下起。故
儿更要足暖。头者，六阳之所会，诸阳所辏也。况脑为髓海，凉则坚凝，热则流泄，或
囟颅肿起，头缝开解，目疾头疮，故头宜凉，心属离火，若外有客热，则内动心火，
表里合热，轻则口干舌燥，腮红面赤，重则啼叫惊掣，多燥渴烦，故心胸宜凉。
凡儿初生，而上多变颜色者，号惺惺候，主一月内死。不治。若印堂黑鱼者，主
脐风，死。若囟门下陷，并赤肿热极而黑色者，死。若七日之内，面上赤点如麻子者，
是怀胎受毒，须急早治。若面红忽紫者，主伤风，伤寒之候。若变黑色者，死。满面紫
黑者，主慢惊，七日死。而目青色，主发搐半身。若七日之内，两睑赤如大豆片者，是
胎受热，主一月死。若两睑如土色者，主七日内死。若腹有青筋者，不满百日而亡。若
七日之内，眼上眩下生黑点如麻子者，是主天 ，青紫色者，主浴被风，若眼上眉下，
白如线者，主咳嗽。若耳尖黑，耳后骨黑，耳穴中黑，鼻孔如煤，甲黑翻指，吼叫数
声，或作鸦声，及寻父娘衣者，俱为不救。若人中黑者，主九日内必死。并口吐白沫而
面黑者，死。并口四角煤黑者，死。
凡小儿胎衣，藏时须用清水洗之，勿染诸垢，次以清酒净之，乃纳钱一文于衣内，
盛于新瓶，青帛裹之，密密紧盖，且置隐处待满三日，然后根据月吉地向阳高燥之处，入
地埋之三尺，瓶上土浓一尺七寸，切须牢筑，令儿长寿智者。若藏衣不谨，为猪狗所
食者，令儿颠狂。虫蚁所食者，令儿病患疮。犬鸟食之。令儿兵死。若近庙社，令儿
治疗婴儿乳汁不止。
用盐豉七粒，含在口中剥去外皮，配合腻粉一钱，研成细末，制成如黍米大小的药丸，每次服用三丸或五丸，用藿香叶煎汤，饭前服用。
凡是胎儿在母体内时，口中会有秽恶之物。如果出生后迅速清理，在啼哭声音未发出之前，用棉布包裹手指，擦拭去口中的恶汁。一旦开始啼哭，秽恶之气就会进入腹部，潜伏在心。如果遇到流行性时气，热邪乘袭心脏，表现为出斑；潜伏在胃，表现为出疮疹；潜伏在肝，则出现水泡；潜伏在肺，则出现脓泡。一旦感冒，毒气随之发作，所以有用甘草、朱砂、牛黄来下胎毒的。然而，不如初生时擦拭掉口中秽恶之汁，更为有益且无损害。
初生之时，有的在头额前方发际中间施灸，益处在于能截断风邪入侵的路径。所以各种风病重症，昏迷不醒，药物力所不及的，在此处灼艾，往往有扶危救急的功效。还有百会穴，位于项部旋毛之间，凹陷处即是穴位。如果是惊痫等证候，灸此穴也能救助危急困境。然而书上说：艾灸原本是因为河洛地区土地多寒，所以婴儿出生三日，灸囟门以防惊风。但东南地区湿土多温，新生婴儿无病，万万不宜逆灸。
凡给婴儿洗澡时，必须调和汤水，试探冷热。如果不合适，会让婴儿受水惊，何况冬天久浴会伤风，夏天久浴会伤热。洗澡时应保护婴儿背部，因为风寒皆从此处而入，可形成痫证、风证。如果用金银、丹砂、虎头骨等煮水洗浴，则可除惊痫客忤；用铜铁器等煮水，则可辟恶气；用李楮桃根、黄连煮水，则不生疮丹毒；用麦门冬子、荆芥、铅锡煮水，则可安心气。到了第三日，用桃、柳、梅、桑、槐树等根煎汤洗浴，也能除恶气疮毒之患，兼辟不祥。
凡是小儿平常没有疾病，忌讳服药饵，否则遇到疾病时将无效。
古人有忌讳客人来访满一个月的说法，大概是担心外客接触，导致客忤、发热等证候。忌讳进入庙堂，是担心神情闪烁，产生怖畏。更有让婴儿佩戴真降香的，因为降香最能辟诸邪恶。
凡是婴儿一周之内，遍身娇嫩，筋血未固，称为芽儿，切忌洗浴，以免湿热之气郁聚不散，身上生出赤游丹毒，如胭脂涂染，肿胀而壮热，毒气一旦入腹，则腹胀哽气，以致致死。更有洗浴后包裹失护，风邪所伤，以致身上生出白流肿而壮热增寒，鼻塞脑间，痰喘咳逆，所以婴儿切忌频繁洗浴。
凡是洗衣服不可暴露在星月之下，容易招惹邪祟。如果偶然忘记收回，应当用醋炭熏过，才可以穿。《心鉴》说：有一种鸟名叫天地女，又名隐飞鸟，最喜欢在阴雨夜飞过鸣叫徘徊，这种鸟纯雌无雄，如果落羽落入人家庭檐并置于婴儿衣物中，会让婴儿患痫证，必死，化为婴儿，所以小儿出生至十岁，洗衣服不可夜间暴露（这也是古书相传的一种说法）。
凡是春夏月间，宜让婴儿睡地卧，使之不违背生长之气。如遇秋冬，宜就温和之处，使之不违背收藏之令。有用甘菊做枕头的，因为它能清头目。书上又说：拔剑倚门，让婴儿不惊，是因为小儿神气未全。
凡是乳母每日须让摸婴儿项后风池穴，如果壮热，当即熨之，微汗出即愈。
凡是春天，不要给婴儿护顶裹足，以致阳气不舒，因而多发热，即使到成年，下部也不要过于温暖，因为十六岁前血气方盛，如日方升，惟阴常不足耳，盖下体主阴，得寒凉则阴易长，过温暖则阴暗消，所以《曲礼》说，童子不衣裘裳。
小儿不可就瓢及瓶中饮水，否则会让婴儿言语多讷。
凡是生下遍身无皮，只是红肉者，速以白早米粉干扑，候生皮方止。若遍身如鱼泡，碎则成水流渗者，用蜜陀僧研细干掺，仍服苏合香丸。若遍身黄肿加胆，眼闭呻吟腹胀者，缘母怀胎之时，服寒凉克削之药太过也。
婴孩周岁以前，须验颅囟与症兼看，则补泻自得，吉凶易彰。诀曰∶颅囟青筋，脉虚不荣∶颅囟常陷，滑泄便便；颅囟肿起，风痰不止；颅囟久冷，吐痢青春；颅囟虚软，癫痫不免∶颅囟扁阔，暴泄易脱∶颅囟歪长，风作即亡；颅囟连额，惊风易伤；颅囟未充，怕热怯寒；颅囟缓收，胎气不周；颅囟动数，神气昏弱∶颅囟宽大，受疾恐害；颅囟未合，筋骨柔弱。
小儿面红色苍者，乃为童颜，外实也。大便色黄稠腻者，为内实也。并不须服药。
儿生三日，未乳之前，用牛黄一小豆大，蜜调成膏，乳汁化服，以下胎毒最妙。
盖牛黄益肝胆，除热定精神，止惊悸，除百病。若胎热者尤宜。形色不实者少服。更有用淡豆豉浓煎下胎毒者，其毒即下，又能助养脾气，消化乳食。有月内以猪乳哺儿，可解痘毒惊痫，且无撮口、脐风之患。
凡毒妊娠，必须饮食有节，寒热得调，起居有度，则胎受长养，气和神适。生子必伟，兼须忌食热毒诸物，生儿免有脐突疮痈之患，及生之后，又须养血和气，使乳汁安乎，则儿自受其益。
儿生六十日后，则瞳子成而能笑认人，切忌生人怀抱，及见非常。百日则任脉成，能自反复。一百八十日，则尻骨成，母当令儿学坐。二百四十日则掌骨成，母当扶教匍匐。三百日则髌骨成，母当扶教儿立。三百六十日则膝骨成，母当扶教儿行，此皆育儿一定之法。若日捧怀抱，重袭棉裘，不令出见风日，不令着其地气，以致筋骨缓弱，数岁不行，一少失护，疾病乃生，此皆保育太过之罪也。更凡戏谑之语，不可恣药，刀剑凶具，勿使摸捉。莫近猿猴，近则伤意；莫抱鸦雀，抱恐伤眼。儿方学语，勿令挥霍，会坐勿久令腰似折。行莫令早，筋骨柔弱，雷鸣击鼓，莫令掩耳，睡卧得节，须令早起，饮食休过，衣勿重袭，常食羹蔬，休哺美味，甘肥酸冷，姜蒜瓜果，油腻生茄，切勿过食。夜莫停灯，昼莫说鬼，睡莫当风，坐莫近水。笑极与和，哭极与喜，笑哭之后，莫即与乳。心之有病，忌食盐卤；肺之有病，忌食焦苦；肝之有病，忌食辛疏∶脾之有病，忌食酸味；肾之有病，忌食甘甜。助其他气，胎害于我。芡实、莲子，能通心气。石榴与柑大涩汤胃。干柿煮蔗，尤能益肺。蒸藕炊豆，于肝有利。五味淮枣，脾家可意，肥腻鹅鸭，鱼虾油醋，腥膻并盐，肺病切忌。生冷甘甜， 煎气之味，笼炊等物，若犯脾病，亦所宜忌。心血髓肾，鸡羊熏炙，并凡煎炒，心病亦忌。至如湿面，肺头油腻，肝家有病，忌之亦急。食甜成疳，食饱伤气，食酸损志，食冷成积，食苦耗神，食咸闭气，食辣肺伤，食肥痰益，总食以淡薄滋味，则脾胃克消，百脉得润，脏腑气清，病从何生？故凡小儿切忌食肉太早者耳，否则脾胃乃伤。若再甘甜面食不禁，则令瘠虫痢积。若食腰子心血脑髓之类，则令走马疳候。若食葱韭薤蒜，则令心气郁结，水窦不通，三焦虚热神情昏昧。若食飞禽瓦雀，则生疮癣 （疥，燥渴烦闷。若食螺蛳螃蚬鳗鳖虾蟹等类，则令肠胃不禁，或泄或痢，至于鸡肉过食，则生蛔虫，尤宜切忌， 凡好酸者，其病在肝，好苦者在心，好甘者在脾，好辛者在肺，好咸者在肾，好热者内必寒。好寒者内必热，如乍欲寒而乍欲热者，此必有虚火升降耳。）
凡足胫冷，腹虚胀，粪色青，吐乳食，眼珠青，面青白。脉沉微者，此内症已虚，忌投凉药。若足胫热，两腮红，大便闭，小便赤，渴不止，上气急。脉紧数者，此乃热症，忌投热药。
凡病在胸膈以上者，宜先食而后服药；病在四肢以下者，宜先服药而后食；病在四肢血脉者，宜空服而在旦；病在骨髓者，宜饱满而在夜；病在里者，不以时候。药性温热者。乳食前服；药性寒凉者，乳食后服；和平之剂，随意不拘。凡老人之病，药宜助火，谓共阴长而阳虚；小儿之病药宜泻火，谓其阳多而阴少。然亦有老而实，少而虚者，故亦不可执一。况小儿难任非常之热，亦难任非常之冷，稍有所偏，风症立见，故治冷当热，冷去而不热，治热当冷，热去而不冷，不为热过，不为冷误，斯谓良医。大概小儿诸病，肝脾二经居多，肝只有余，余者，是病气也，似重而易治，脾只不足，不足者，是元气也。似轻而难治。医者妄行攻克，滞虽暂消，脾胃转薄，平肝清热，肝未平而元气愈伤，薛氏谆谆补脾，万世婴儿之司命也。
有儿在胎之时，其母取冷过度，冷气入于胞胎，及生之后，又因悲啼未定便即乳儿，使与冷气蕴蓄腹内，久而不散，脾胃乃伤，轻则呕乳粪青，重则腹中气响，逆气涎潮，以致难愈。须令燥湿和中，切不可误加削伐。若经吐泻津液自亡，虽有口渴唇焦，不可寒凉误用。及世有用朱砂等味，以坠胎毒，轻粉等品以坠痰涎，损心损神，胎毒虽去，根本有伤，一生虚损，痰涎纵坠，脾弱成风，可不慎乎。
《经》曰∶脾为黄婆，胃为金翁，脏腑气血咸赖之。有因变蒸唇肿头热。误以为伤食而克伐宣泄，以为胃惊，而凉药镇心，以致有伤脾胃，大便青色，吐利不已，脾土愈虚，肝盛胃冷，筋挛作搐，尚谓热极生风，复加凉药，不可挽回矣。
凡每抱儿，切勿哭泣，泪入儿眼，令儿眼枯。
（凡夏中盛热，乳母浴后，不可乳儿，能使儿成胃毒，秋成赤白色痢，或湿热之气流入心脾，轻则乃生疮疥。更凡啼后，不可便乳，盖气逆不顺，乳则聚而为隧，能致变成惊风。更不可乳儿太过，过饱则溢，溢则导虚胃气，变为呕吐。故凡呕逆，先宜清乳，自然吐痊。然此因饱溢，勿作胃寒，更凡宿乳，须令捏去，弃乳须沃东壁之上为佳。若投于地，虫蚁食之，令乳勿汁，故乳母最宜得节，慎勿有乖。如以喜乳与儿，令儿痰喘成惊，又令颠狂上气。以怒乳与儿，则令小儿症气，女子腹胀。以寒乳与儿，则令便青而啼，奶片不化，亦食咳乳，以热乳与儿，则令叩吐，面黄不食，又能伤损肺气。令成龟胸。以气乳与儿，令儿面色黄白，泄泻腹胀，乳哺减少，夜啼） 乳。以病乳与儿，令儿能生诸疾，黄瘦骨蒸， 煎夜哭，盗汗虚羸。若壅乳不节令成痰涎，涎壅生惊，更有吐逆。以魃乳与儿，则令腹急脏冷，而泄泻，胸背皆热，夜啼肌瘦，如一积块。以醉乳与儿，则令恍惚多惊，腹急而痛，兼令身热。若母方吐即乳，则令儿虚羸。若乳母醉饱乳儿，则烦闷之毒，流入乳中，令儿邪热伤心，惊悸抽掣而成天 。若母淫 情乱即乳，则令吐泻身热啼叫，必发惊痫，如鸦声者，不治。更 有出胎而下吮乳者，其症有三，一因产妇取冷过度，胎中受寒，令儿腹痛，故不吮乳者；一因胎受热毒，令儿生下体体俱黄，小便赤色，身热便闭，多啼而不吮乳者；有因儿初出胎，恶秽入腹，以致腹满气短，不能吮乳者，此皆乳子之宜忌，为父母者，之所当熟谙也。
凡剃头之日，须就温暖处避风，及剃之后，用薄荷三叶，杏仁三枚，去皮尖同捣烂，入生麻油三四滴，腻粉拌和，在儿头上擦之，可避风邪，及一切疥疮。剃头日期，宜于丑寅日吉，丁未日凶。五月、七月剃之，令儿短命。
夫人以脾胃为主，故乳哺须节，节则调脾养胃，否则损胃伤脾，百疳 生。夏忌热乳，乳则令儿呕逆；冬忌冷乳，乳则令儿咳痢，皆宜捏去而后与之。食后不可与乳，乳后不可与食。小儿肠胃怯弱，乳食并进，难于消化，初得成积，久则成癖成疳。故曰∶忍三分寒，吃七分饱，频揉用少洗澡。吃热吃软吃少则不涌，吃冷吃硬吃多则生病。
凡寒则加衣，热则除帛，过寒则气滞而血凝泣，过热则汗出而腠里泄，以致风邪易入，疾病乃生。更忌解脱，不可当风，然无风日暖，又当抱出游戏。如阴地草木不见风日，未有坚持者。又不可日置地间，令肚着地，以致脾宫受寒，腹痛泄泻。且五脏俞穴，皆系于背，肺脏尤娇，风寒一感，是以毫毛毕直，皮肤闭而为病，咳嗽喘呕，壮热憎寒，故儿最要背暖肚者，脾胃处也。胃为水谷之海，脾为健运之司，冷则物不腐化，多致肠鸣腹痛，呕吐泄泻，故儿更要肚暖，足系阳明，胃脉所络，故曰∶寒从下起。故儿更要足暖。头者，六阳之所会，诸阳所辏也。况脑为髓海，凉则坚凝，热则流泄，或囟颅肿起，头缝开解，目疾头疮，故头宜凉，心属离火，若外有客热，则内动心火，表里合热，轻则口干舌燥，腮红面赤，重则啼叫惊掣，多燥渴烦，故心胸宜凉。
凡儿初生，而上多变颜色者，号惺惺候，主一月内死。不治。若印堂黑鱼者，主脐风，死。若囟门下陷，并赤肿热极而黑色者，死。若七日之内，面上赤点如麻子者，是怀胎受毒，须急早治。若面红忽紫者，主伤风，伤寒之候。若变黑色者，死。满面紫黑者，主慢惊，七日死。而目青色，主发搐半身。若七日之内，两睑赤如大豆片者，是胎受热，主一月死。若两睑如土色者，主七日内死。若腹有青筋者，不满百日而亡。若七日之内，眼上眩下生黑点如麻子者，是主天 ，青紫色者，主浴被风，若眼上眉下，白如线者，主咳嗽。若耳尖黑，耳后骨黑，耳穴中黑，鼻孔如煤，甲黑翻指，吼叫数声，或作鸦声，及寻父娘衣者，俱为不救。若人中黑者，主九日内必死。并口吐白沫而面黑者，死。并口四角煤黑者，死。
凡小儿胎衣，藏时须用清水洗之，勿染诸垢，次以清酒净之，乃纳钱一文于衣内，盛于新瓶，青帛裹之，密密紧盖，且置隐处待满三日，然后根据月吉地向阳高燥之处，入地埋之三尺，瓶上土浓一尺七寸，切须牢筑，令儿长寿智者。若藏衣不谨，为猪狗所食者，令儿颠狂。虫蚁所食者，令儿病患疮。犬鸟食之。令儿兵死。若近庙社，令儿
To treat infants with excessive lactation.
Take seven grains of salted soybean paste (Yanchi), peel off the skin while holding in the mouth, mix with one qian of calomel (Nifen), grind into powder, and form pills the size of millet seeds. Take three or five pills each time, decocted with leaves of Agastache (Huoxiang Ye), taken before meals.
Whenever a fetus is in the womb, there is foul matter in the mouth. If cleaned promptly after birth, before the cry begins, wipe the foul fluid from the mouth with cotton wrapped around a finger. Once crying starts, the foul matter enters the abdomen and lodges in the Heart. If exposed to epidemic pathogens, heat attacks the Heart, manifesting as macules; if lodged in the Stomach, it manifests as sores and rashes; if lodged in the Liver, blisters appear; if lodged in the Lung, pustules appear. Once affected by wind-cold, the toxin erupts. Therefore, some use Licorice Root (Gancao), Cinnabar (Zhusha), and Calculus Bovis (Niuhuang) to purge fetal toxins. However, wiping away the foul fluid immediately after birth is far more beneficial and harmless.
At birth, moxibustion can be applied to the center of the hairline on the forehead, which helps block the path of wind invasion. Thus, for severe wind diseases causing coma, where medicinal power is insufficient, burning moxa at this point often saves critical cases. The Baihui acupoint (GV20), located in the depression between the whorls of hair on the nape, is another point. For convulsions and epilepsy, moxibustion here can also rescue critical conditions. However, texts state that moxibustion originated because the Heluo region has cold soil, so infants are moxibusted on the fontanelle three days after birth to prevent convulsions. But in the humid and warm southeast, newborns are healthy, and reverse moxibustion is absolutely contraindicated.
When bathing infants, water temperature must be adjusted and tested. Improper temperature causes "water shock." Prolonged bathing in winter causes wind-cold; in summer, it causes heat injury. Protect the infant's back during bathing, as wind-cold enters here, leading to epilepsy or wind syndromes. Bathing with decoctions of gold, silver, cinnabar, or tiger skull bones dispels convulsions and alien influences; copper or iron vessels repel evil qi; decoctions of plum, paper mulberry, and peach roots prevent sores and erysipelas; decoctions of Ophiopogon (Mendong), Schizonepeta (Jingjie), lead, and tin calm the Heart Qi. On the third day, bathing with decoctions of peach, willow, plum, mulberry, and locust tree roots removes evil qi and sores, and wards off misfortune.
Infants without illness should not be given medicine, or they will become unresponsive when sick.
Ancients avoided guests for a month, fearing external contact causing "alien influence" (Ke Wu) and fever. Avoiding temples prevents fright from fluctuating spirits. Wearing Agarwood (Zhen Jiangxiang) wards off evil.
Within the first week, an infant's body is tender, and meridians and blood are not yet solid, called "sprout child." Bathing is strictly forbidden to prevent damp-heat accumulation, which causes erysipelas migrans (Chi You Dan Du), resembling rouge, with swelling and high fever. If toxin enters the abdomen, abdominal distension and gasping occur, potentially fatal. Poor wrapping after bathing exposes wind-cold, causing white edema, high fever, chills, nasal congestion, phlegm, wheezing, and coughing. Thus, frequent bathing is forbidden.
Washing clothes should not be exposed to stars or moonlight, inviting evil spirits. If forgotten, fumigate with vinegar and charcoal before wearing. *Xin Jian* states: A bird named Tiandi Nu (Heaven-Earth Woman) or Yin Fei Niao prefers flying and chirping on rainy nights. It is female-only. If its feathers fall into a family and land in baby clothes, the baby may develop epilepsy and die, transforming into the bird. Hence, clothes should not be exposed overnight until age ten (an ancient belief).
In spring and summer, let babies lie on the ground to align with growing Qi. In autumn and winter, keep them warm to align with storing Qi. Using Chrysanthemum (Ganju) pillows clears the head and eyes. Placing a sword by the door prevents fright, as infant Shen Qi is incomplete.
Nurses should massage the Fengchi acupoint (GB20) behind the neck daily. If high fever occurs, apply heat compresses; slight sweating leads to recovery.
In spring, avoid covering the head and feet to allow Yang Qi to circulate, preventing fever. Even in adulthood, keep the lower body cool, as before sixteen, blood and Qi are vigorous like the rising sun, but Yin is always deficient. The lower body governs Yin; cold promotes Yin growth, warmth depletes it. Thus, *Qu Li* states boys should not wear fur skirts.
Children should not drink from gourds or bottles, or they may become speech-impaired.
If born with no skin, only red flesh, dust with dry rice flour until skin forms. If covered in fish-bubble-like blisters that weep, apply finely ground Lead Monoxide (Mituoseng) and administer Suhexiang Wan. If yellow and swollen with closed eyes, groaning, and abdominal distension, it results from the mother taking too much cold-draining medicine during pregnancy.
Before one year old, examine the cranial fontanelle alongside symptoms to determine tonification or purgation. Aphorism: Blue veins on fontanelle indicate deficient pulse; depressed fontanelle indicates slippery diarrhea; swollen fontanelle indicates persistent wind-phlegm; cold fontanelle indicates vomiting and dysentery; soft fontanelle indicates inevitable epilepsy; flat/broad fontanelle indicates sudden diarrhea and collapse; elongated/fontanelle tilted indicates death upon wind onset; fontanelle connected to forehead indicates vulnerability to wind-stroke; underfilled fontanelle indicates fear of heat and cold; slow closure indicates incomplete fetal Qi; pulsating fontanelle indicates weak Shen Qi; wide fontanelle indicates susceptibility to disease; unclosed fontanelle indicates weak bones and sinews.
A reddish-cyan face indicates external excess ("child's face"). Yellow, thick, sticky stool indicates internal excess. No medicine needed.
On the third day, before nursing, give Calculus Bovis (Niuhuang) the size of a mustard seed, mixed with honey into a paste, dissolved in breast milk to purge fetal toxins. Calculus Bovis benefits Liver and Gallbladder, clears heat, calms spirit, stops palpitations, and cures hundred diseases. Ideal for fetal heat; use sparingly if constitution is weak. Strong decoction of Fermented Soybean (Dandouchi) also purges toxins and strengthens Spleen Qi for digestion. Feeding pig milk within the first month resolves smallpox toxin and convulsions, preventing mouth-lock and umbilical tetanus.
During pregnancy, regulate diet, balance hot/cold, and maintain routine to nurture the fetus. Avoid hot/toxic foods to prevent umbilical hernia and sores. After birth, nourish blood and harmonize Qi to ensure safe lactation, benefiting the infant.
After sixty days, pupils form, smiling and recognition begin. Avoid strangers and unusual sights. At one hundred days, Ren Mai develops, allowing rolling. At one hundred eighty days, sacrum forms; teach sitting. At two hundred forty days, palm bones form; teach crawling. At three hundred days, patella forms; teach standing. At three hundred sixty days, knee bones form; teach walking. These are standard methods. Over-protection (holding constantly, heavy clothing, avoiding wind/sun/ground) weakens bones and sinews, delaying walking and causing disease. This is due to excessive care. Avoid rough play, sharp objects, monkeys (harmful to mind), and sparrows (harmful to eyes). When learning speech, avoid erratic movements; when sitting, do not strain waist; when walking, do not rush due to weak sinews. Do not cover ears during thunder/drums. Sleep regularly, rise early, eat moderately, dress lightly, eat soups/vegetables, avoid rich/sour/cold foods, ginger/garlic/fruits/oily/raw eggplants. Do not overeat. Keep lights on at night? No, avoid stopping lights at night? Text says "Night do not stop light" (likely meaning keep gentle light or avoid darkness? Context suggests avoiding harshness). Actually, text says "Ye mo ting deng" (Do not stop lights at night - likely keeping a dim light for safety/calming). Day do not speak of ghosts. Sleep avoid wind. Sit avoid water. Balance laughter and crying. Do not nurse immediately after intense emotion.
Heart disease: avoid salt. Lung disease: avoid bitter/scorched. Liver disease: avoid pungent/spicy. Spleen disease: avoid sour. Kidney disease: avoid sweet.
Euryale Seed (Qianshi) and Lotus Seed (Lianzi) benefit Heart Qi. Pomegranate and Citrus astringe Stomach. Dried Persimmon and Sugarcane benefit Lungs. Steamed Lotus Root and Cooked Beans benefit Liver. Ziziphus (Huazao) benefits Spleen. Grease (goose/duck), fish/shrimp, oil/vinegar, fishy/musty/salty foods are contraindicated for Lung disease. Raw/cold/sweet/frying foods harm Spleen. Blood/Marrow/Kidney tonics (chicken/lamb roast/fry) harm Heart. Wet noodles, lung meat, greasy foods harm Liver.
Sweet food causes malnutrition (Gan); fullness injures Qi; sour damages willpower; cold causes stagnation; bitter consumes Shen; salt closes Qi; spicy injures Lungs; fat increases phlegm. Light flavors aid Spleen/Stomach digestion, moisten vessels, clear organs, and prevent disease. Thus, infants should not eat meat too early, or Spleen/Stomach are injured. Excessive sweet/flour foods cause intestinal worms/dysentery/stagnation. Kidneys/blood/brain marrow cause Gangrene (Zou Ma Gan). Scallions/garlic/chives cause Heart Qi stagnation, water pathway obstruction, Sanjiao deficiency heat, and confusion. Birds/sparrows cause sores/scratches/thirst/restlessness. Snails/clams/eels/turtles/shrimp/crabs cause intestinal weakness, diarrhea/dysentery. Overeating chicken causes roundworms.
Craving sour indicates Liver disease; bitter indicates Heart; sweet indicates Spleen; pungent indicates Lung; salty indicates Kidney. Craving heat indicates internal cold; craving cold indicates internal heat. Fluctuating heat/cold indicates deficient fire rising/falling.
Cold calves, abdominal distension, green stool, vomiting milk, cyan eyes/face, deep/faint pulse indicate internal deficiency; avoid cold medicines. Hot calves, red cheeks, constipation, red urine, thirst, rapid breathing, tight/fast pulse indicate heat syndrome; avoid hot medicines.
Diseases above chest/diaphragm: eat then take medicine. Diseases below limbs: take medicine then eat. Diseases in limb meridians: take on empty stomach in morning. Diseases in bone marrow: take after full meal at night. Interior diseases: timing irrelevant. Warm medicines: before milk/food. Cold medicines: after milk/food. Neutral medicines: flexible.
Elderly diseases: herbs should support Fire (Yin grows, Yang deficient). Infant diseases: herbs should drain Fire (Yang abundant, Yin scarce). However, elderly can be excess, infants deficiency; do not rigidly apply. Infants cannot tolerate extreme heat or cold; deviation leads to wind syndromes. Good doctors treat cold with heat (without overheating) and heat with cold (without chilling).
Most infant diseases involve Liver and Spleen meridians. Liver has "surplus" (pathogenic Qi), appearing severe but easy to treat. Spleen has "deficiency" (Yuan Qi), appearing mild but hard to treat. Blind attacking clears stagnation temporarily but thins Spleen/Stomach. Calming Liver/clearing Heat injures Yuan Qi before Liver is balanced. Dr. Xue’s emphasis on tonifying Spleen is vital for infant life.
If mother took excessive cold during pregnancy, cold Qi entered the uterus. Crying immediately after birth mixes with cold Qi in the abdomen, injuring Spleen/Stomach. Mild cases: vomiting milk, green stool. Severe cases: abdominal rumbling, rebellious Qi/phlegm, difficult to cure. Dry dampness and harmonize Middle Jiao; do not use draining herbs. If vomiting/diarrhea caused fluid loss, do not use cold herbs for thirst/dry lips. Using Cinnabar (Zhusha) to purge toxins or Calomel (Qingfen) to drain phlegm damages Heart/Shen. Toxin removed, but root damaged, causing lifelong deficiency. Phlegm drainage weakens Spleen, leading to wind. Be cautious.
*Classic* states: Spleen is Yellow Mother, Stomach is Golden Old Man; organs and Qi/Blood depend on them. Mistaking "bian zheng" (developmental fever/swollen lips/hot head) for food stagnation and using draining/cold medicines harms Spleen/Stomach, causing green stool, continuous vomiting/diarrhea, Spleen deficiency, Liver excess, Stomach cold, tendon spasms. Calling this "extreme heat generating wind" and adding cold medicines is irreversible.
Never cry while holding a baby; tears entering eyes cause eye drying.
Summer heat: Nurse should not breastfeed after bathing, or it causes Stomach toxin, autumn dysentery, or damp-heat entering Heart/Spleen causing sores. Do not nurse immediately after crying; rebellious Qi causes milk to accumulate, leading to convulsions. Do not overfeed; overflow empties Stomach Qi, causing vomiting. Clear milk first for vomiting due to overfeeding, not Stomach cold. Discard old milk by pouring on east wall (ants eating it preserves milk quality); throwing on ground attracts ants, spoiling milk. Nurses must be regulated. Happy milk causes phlegm/wheezing/convulsions/mania. Angry milk causes Qi stagnation/abdominal distension. Cold milk causes green stool/crying/undigested milk/cough. Hot milk causes vomiting/yellow face/anorexia/Lung damage/turtle chest. Anxious milk causes yellow-white face/diarrhea/distension/reduced milk/night crying. Sick milk causes various diseases/emacitation/steaming bone/night crying/night sweats. Unregulated milk causes phlegm/convulsions/vomiting. Feverish milk causes abdominal urgency/cold viscera/diarrhea/back heat/night wasting lump. Drunk milk causes恍惚/fright/abdominal pain/fever. Vomiting mother breastfeeding causes emaciation. Drunk/full mother breastfeeding transmits toxicity to Heart, causing heat/fright/palpitations/spasms. Lustful mother breastfeeding causes vomiting/diarrhea/fever/crying/convulsions/crow-like sound (incurable).
Three reasons for not sucking: 1. Mother took cold, fetus cold, abdominal pain. 2. Fetal heat toxin, yellow body/red urine/constipation/fever/crying. 3. Foul matter entered abdomen, distension/short breath. Parents must know these.
Shaving head: Avoid wind in warm place. After shaving, mash Mint (Bohe) leaves, Almond (Xingren) kernels with sesame oil and calomel, rub on head to prevent wind/sores. Auspicious days: Chou/Yin. Inauspicious: Ding/Wei. Shaving in 5th/7th months shortens life.
Humans rely on Spleen/Stomach. Nursing must be regulated to harmonize organs; otherwise, hundred types of malnutrition (Gan) arise. Summer: avoid hot milk (vomiting). Winter: avoid cold milk (cough/diarrhea). Express old milk before feeding. Do not nurse after eating; do not feed after nursing. Weak intestines/stomach cannot digest both simultaneously, leading to stagnation/Gan. "Endure 30% cold, eat 70% full, massage frequently, bathe less." Eat hot/soft/small amounts to avoid vomiting; eat cold/hard/large amounts to get sick.
Cold: add clothes. Heat: remove layers. Too cold: Qi stagnation/blood stasis. Too hot: sweat/pores open, wind enters, disease arises. Avoid undressing in wind. Play in warm sun. Do not let belly touch ground (Spleen cold/pain/diarrhea). Back contains organ acupoints; Lung is delicate. Wind-cold causes hair erection, pore closure, cough/wheeze/vomit/fever/chills. Back and belly must be warm. Stomach is Sea of Grain/Water; Spleen transforms/transports. Cold prevents digestion, causing rumbling/pain/vomiting/diarrhea. Belly must be warm. Feet connect to Yangming/Stomach meridian; "Cold rises from below." Feet must be warm. Head gathers Yang Qi. Brain is Sea of Marrow; cold makes it hard, heat makes it leak. Fontanelle swelling/open sutures/eye/head sores result from heat. Head should be cool. Heart is Li Fire; external heat moves internal Heart Fire, causing dry mouth/red face/convulsions/thirst. Chest/heart should be cool.
Newborn color changes: "Xing Xing Hou" (alertness sign) predicts death within a month if untreated. Black lines on Yintang predict Umbilical Tetanus (death). Depressed fontanelle + red/swollen/hot/black predicts death. Red spots like hemp seeds within 7 days indicate fetal toxin; treat urgently. Red turning purple indicates Wind-Cold/Shaoyin syndrome. Turning black predicts death. Purple-black face indicates Slow Convulsion (death in 7 days). Cyan eyes indicate half-body spasms. Red eyelids like soybeans within 7 days indicate fetal heat (death in 1 month). Earth-colored eyelids predict death in 7 days. Green abdominal veins predict death before 100 days. Black spots below eyes within 7 days indicate Tian Wang (Heavenly King?) disease. Cyan-purple eyes indicate wind from bathing. White line between eyebrows indicates cough. Black ear tips/behind ears/in ear canal/coal-like nostrils/black nails turning fingers/crowing/crow sounds/searching for parents are all incurable. Black Renzhong predicts death in 9 days. White foam + black face predicts death. Black corners of mouth predict death.
Fetal membrane disposal: Wash with clear water, rinse with clear wine, insert a coin, seal in new bottle with green cloth, hide for 3 days. Bury 3 chi deep in sunny, dry, auspicious direction, cover with 1 chi 7 cun soil, compact firmly, to ensure long life and wisdom. Improper burial eaten by pigs/dogs causes madness. Eaten by insects causes sores. Eaten by dogs/birds causes violent death. Near temples...