禀阴寒之气而生，故味苦辛寒无毒。
瞿麦，君主利小便，佐使泱肿痈，去白翳逐胎，下闭血出刺。凡肾气虚，无大热
者，水肿蛊胀，脾虚者，胎前产后，一切虚人虽小便不利，法并禁用。
主治（痘疹合参） 治痘疹小便不利。与木过同功，然禀阴寒之气，通心经以利小
肠，若心经虽然，而小肠虚者服之，热未退而小肠变生别病矣。
禀土之冲气，兼感乎春阳生生之气以生，故味甘气寒无毒。入手少阴、足太阴、
阳明。其能补脾，故虽寒而不犯胃，能治诸劳伤虚热也。
茅根，下淋，利小便，通闭逐瘀血，除客热在肠胃，止吐衄，因劳伤补中益气，并
止消渴，清肺热定喘，除黄胆酒毒。茅针溃
痈，每食一针一孔，二针二孔，大奇。茅花止血。
主治（痘疹合参） 茅根宜新掘肥大白净者，捣汁入药，功效同前。
感夏秋之气以生，味辛气微温无毒。入足阳明、太阴、手少阴经。辛散温通，故能
解寒郁之暑气，犹内伤生冷，外受暑邪，外邪内伤相并，而作霍乱吐泻诸症，用此辛温
通气和中解表乃愈者。劳役斫丧，内伤元气，及受暑热而大寒大渴短气少气者并宜
忌。此辛温走泄，以蹈虚虚之戒。
香薷，主霍乱中脘绞痛，伤暑小便涩难，散水肿，有彻上彻下之功。肺得之，清
化行热自下也。去口臭，有拨浊回清之妙。脾得之，郁火降气不上焉。解热除烦，调中
温胃。然辛温走散，元气虚者，不可过投。中热者，尤所禁用。且因味辛性温，宜凉
饮，不宜热服。
主治（痘疹合参） 夏月痘疹暂用，以清暑气，宜陈久者良。
按∶香薷，味辛气温，为夏月发散阴寒之剂。如纳凉饮冷过度，阳气为阴邪所遏，
以致头痛发热，烦躁口干，吐泻霍乱，宜用之以发越阳气，散水和脾则愈。若劳役受热
用之，是重虚其表，反助其热，益耗真阴，害人不浅。
禀受阴寒之气而生，因此味道苦、辛，性寒，无毒。
瞿麦（Dianthus superbus），作为君药可通利小便，作为佐使药可治疗浮肿和痈肿，去除眼部白翳，排出死胎，引导闭阻之血排出并刺破瘀滞。凡是肾气虚弱，没有大热症状的患者，出现水肿或蛊胀（腹部积水如鼓）；脾虚患者，在怀孕前及产后；以及所有体质虚弱的患者，即使出现小便不利，按照法则都应当禁用。
主治（参考《痘疹合参》）：治疗痘疹期间小便不利。其功效与木通相似，但因其禀受阴寒之气，能通心经以利于小肠。如果心经虽然通畅，但小肠虚弱的患者服用它，热邪未退而小肠却变生其他疾病了。
禀受土气的冲和之气，兼感春阳生生之气而生，因此味道甘甜，气寒，无毒。归入手少阴心经、足太阴脾经、足阳明胃经。它能补脾，所以虽然性寒却不伤胃，能治疗各种劳损伤导致的虚热。
茅根（Imperatae Rhizoma），可治疗淋证，通利小便，通闭塞，逐除瘀血，清除肠胃中的客热，止住吐血和衄血，因劳伤而补中益气，并止消渴，清肺热定喘，除黄疸和酒毒。茅针（茅根的嫩芽）溃破痈肿，吃一根针就溃破一个孔，吃两根针就溃破两个孔，非常奇特。茅花（茅根的花）能止血。
主治（参考《痘疹合参》）：茅根宜选用新挖掘的、肥大洁白的，捣汁入药，功效同前所述。
感受夏秋之气而生，味道辛，气微温，无毒。归入足阳明胃经、足太阴脾经、手少阴心经。辛能发散，温能通利，所以能解除寒郁的暑气，就像内伤生冷食物，外受暑邪，外邪与内伤相结合，导致霍乱、呕吐腹泻等症状，使用此药辛温通气、调和脾胃、解表，病就好了。因劳累过度耗损元气，以及感受暑热而出现大寒、大渴、短气、少气的情况，都应当禁忌。这是因为此药辛温走泄，要遵循避免“虚虚”（使虚者更虚）的戒律。
香薷（Elsholtziae Herba），主治霍乱引起的中脘绞痛，伤暑导致的小便涩难，消散水肿，有彻上彻下的功效。肺得到它，清化功能行，热邪自然下行。去除口臭，有拨去浊气恢复清明的奇妙作用。脾得到它，郁火下降，气不上逆。解热除烦，调中温胃。然而因其辛温走散，元气虚弱的患者，不可过量投用。中热的患者，尤其禁用。且因为味辛性温，宜凉服，不宜热服。
主治（参考《痘疹合参》）：夏季痘疹暂时使用，以清解暑气，宜用陈久者为好。
按语：香薷，味辛气温，是夏季发散阴寒的药剂。如果在纳凉饮冷方面过度，阳气被阴邪遏制，以致头痛发热，烦躁口干，吐泻霍乱，适宜用它来发越阳气，散水和脾则痊愈。如果是劳累受热后使用，这是加重体表之虚，反而助长热邪，更加耗损真阴，害人匪浅。
Born from the Yin-cold Qi, its taste is bitter and acrid, nature is cold, and it is non-toxic.
Qumai (Dianthus superbus), as a sovereign herb, promotes urination; as an assistant or guide herb, it treats edema and carbuncles, removes white nebula of the eye, expels the fetus, and discharges obstructed blood by piercing stasis. For patients with Kidney Qi deficiency without significant heat, presenting with edema or Gu-zhang (ascites resembling drum), or Spleen deficiency patients during pregnancy or postpartum, and all deficient individuals even if presenting with dysuria, according to the principles, they are strictly contraindicated.
Main indications (referencing *Douzhen He Can*): Treats dysuria during smallpox/rash. Its efficacy is similar to Mutong, but since it inherits Yin-cold Qi, it unblocks the Heart Meridian to benefit the Small Intestine. If the Heart Meridian is clear but the Small Intestine is deficient, taking it may cause the heat not to subside while other diseases arise in the Small Intestine.
Born from the harmonious Qi of Earth, combined with the generative Qi of Spring Yang, its taste is sweet, nature is cold, and it is non-toxic. It enters the Hand Shaoyin (Heart) Meridian, Foot Taiyin (Spleen) Meridian, and Foot Yangming (Stomach) Meridian. Since it can tonify the Spleen, although cold, it does not harm the Stomach, and it can treat various deficiencies and heat caused by overwork and injury.
Maogen (Rhizoma Imperatae), treats strangury, promotes urination, unblocks obstruction, dispels stasis, clears guest-heat in the stomach and intestines, stops hematemesis and epistaxis, tonifies the middle and boosts Qi due to overwork injury, stops xiaoke (wasting-thirst syndrome), clears Lung heat and calms wheezing, eliminates jaundice and alcohol toxicity. Maozhen (the tender shoot of Maogen) suppurates carbuncles; eating one shoot causes one pore to open, two shoots cause two pores to open, which is quite remarkable. Maohua (flowers of Maogen) stops bleeding.
Main indications (referencing *Douzhen He Can*): Maogen should be newly dug, plump, white, and clean, crushed for juice and added to decoctions; its efficacy is as described above.
Born from the Qi of Summer and Autumn, its taste is acrid, nature is slightly warm, and it is non-toxic. It enters the Foot Yangming (Stomach) Meridian, Foot Taiyin (Spleen) Meridian, and Hand Shaoyin (Heart) Meridian. Acrid disperses, warm unblocks, so it can resolve summerheat constrained by cold, similar to internal injury from raw/cold food and external contraction of summerheat pathogen. When external pathogens and internal injuries combine causing Huoluan (cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea), using this herb to disperse with acrid-warm properties, unblock Qi, harmonize the middle, and release the exterior leads to recovery. Cases of exhaustion damaging Yuan Qi, and those suffering from summerheat with severe cold, extreme thirst, shortness of breath, and scanty Qi are all contraindicated. This is because the herb is acrid-warm and dispersing, adhering to the warning against "making deficiency more deficient."
Xiangru (Herba Elsholtziae), mainly treats Zhongwan colic pain caused by Huoluan, difficult and scanty urination due to summerheat injury, dissipates edema, possessing the function of penetrating both upper and lower. For the Lung, it promotes clearing and transforming, allowing heat to descend naturally. It removes bad breath, with the subtle effect of dispelling turbidity and restoring clarity. For the Spleen, it descends stagnant fire and prevents Qi from rising upward. It resolves heat, relieves irritability, harmonizes the middle, and warms the Stomach. However, due to its acrid-warm dispersing nature, it should not be overdosed for patients with deficient Yuan Qi. Patients with interior heat are especially contraindicated. Furthermore, due to its acrid taste and warm nature, it should be taken cool, not hot.
Main indications (referencing *Douzhen He Can*): Used temporarily in summer for rashes to clear summerheat; aged herbs are preferred.
Note: Xiangru, with acrid taste and warm nature, is a formula for dispersing Yin-cold in summer. If excessive cooling and drinking of cold substances suppresses Yang Qi with Yin pathogens, leading to headache, fever, restlessness, dry mouth, vomiting, diarrhea, and Huoluan, it is appropriate to use it to vent Yang Qi, scatter water, and harmonize the Spleen for recovery. If used after overwork and heat exposure, it further depletes the exterior, aggravates heat, and consumes True Yin, causing significant harm.