俗名冷饭团。有赤白二种，白者良可煮食，亦可生啖。
甘淡而平，阳明主药，厘清祛浊，祛风除湿，筋骨拘挛，杨梅疮毒，瘰 疮肿，去
湿化毒之要药也，胃虚肾寒者禁之。
土茯苓与萆 形虽不同，主治不甚相远，李氏疑为一物数种，理或然也。总之，
皆除湿消水，去浊厘清，固下焦元气。故能与阳道而主诸痹，及恶疮不瘳也。
禀土之冲气，有水之阴气，故味甘气寒无毒。甘能益胃和中，寒能除热降火，所以
专除胃热。凡噎、哕、呕吐、烦渴、霍乱之属于实热者，并所必需。前症之属于虚寒
者，切勿误用。
芦根，掘土甘美者有效，露出水面者损人。解酒毒，退热除烦，止呕哕，开胃下
食，清胃热，止消渴。食鱼虾中毒即解，怀胎孕发热能痊。花白名蓬茸，主卒霍乱危
急，煮汗吞饮即安。
主治（痘疹合参） 治痘初起，胃热口臭，绕口四周，痘密者最宜。脾胃虚守者禁
用。
气味甘寒无毒，以味甘淡性寒，其质轻通，故能通利小肠，使心经蕴热，从小便而
出，为下焦伏热五水之圣药也。然惟通利，故虚脱症及小便不禁者忌之。
灯芯，务生剥者良，降心火，清肺热能阴窍、利小便，除癃闭成淋，消水湿作肿，
轻清去湿除热，故治痘症及上焦浮热也。根采煎服，功力尤优，败席煮服，其效更胜。
灯花，止小儿夜啼，治大人喉痹，金疮敷上，血禁肌生。
主治（痘疹合参） 根亩并主五淋，清心解热，烧存性，止小儿夜啼。
俗名冷饭团。有红色和白色两种，白色的品质较好，可以煮着吃，也可以生吃。
味甘、淡，性平，是阳明经的主药，能分清祛浊，祛风除湿，治疗筋骨拘挛，杨梅疮毒，瘰疬疮肿，是去湿化毒的重要药物，胃虚肾寒者禁用。
土茯苓与萆薢形状虽然不同，主治功效不太相近，李氏怀疑它们是同一物种的几种变体，道理或许是这样。总之，都能除湿消水，去浊分清，固护下焦元气。所以能通利阳道并主治各种痹症，以及久治不愈的恶疮。
禀受土的冲和之气，又有水的阴气，所以味甘气寒，无毒。甘味能益胃和中，寒性能除热降火，因此专门清除胃热。凡是噎膈、呃逆、呕吐、烦渴、霍乱属于实热的病症，都是必需的。如果前症属于虚寒的，千万不要误用。
芦根，挖掘出土质甘甜美味的才有效，露出水面的会损害人体。能解酒毒，退热除烦，止呕逆，开胃进食，清胃热，止消渴。食用鱼虾中毒立即解除，孕妇发热也能痊愈。花白名为蓬茸，主治突然发生的霍乱危急重症，煮汁服用即安。
主治（痘疹合参）：治疗痘疹初起，胃热口臭，口周周围，痘疹密集者最合适。脾胃虚弱者禁用。
气味甘寒无毒，因为味甘淡性寒，质地轻通，所以能通利小肠，使心经蕴藏的湿热从小便排出，是治疗下焦伏热和水液代谢障碍的圣药。然而正因为具有通利作用，所以虚脱症及小便不禁者忌用。
灯芯，务必用新鲜剥取的才良效，能降心火，清肺热，通利阴窍，利小便，消除癃闭成淋，消水肿，轻清去湿除热，所以治疗痘症及上焦浮热。根部采集煎服，功力尤其优秀，败席煮服，其效更胜。
Commonly known as Lengfan Tuan. There are two types, red and white; the white variety is of better quality and can be boiled for consumption or eaten raw.
It has a sweet and bland flavor and is neutral in nature. It is the principal herb for the Yangming channel, capable of separating the clear from the turbid, dispelling wind and dampness, treating stiffness and spasms of the sinews and bones, yaws (yangmei chuang) toxicity, scrofula (luoli), and sores and swelling. It is an essential herb for removing dampness and resolving toxicity. It is contraindicated in cases of stomach deficiency and kidney cold.
Although Tuberculosis Rhizoma (Tufuling) and Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma (Bixie) differ in shape, their therapeutic indications are not very different. Li suspected them to be varieties of the same species, which may well be true. In summary, both can remove dampness and eliminate water retention, separate the clear from the turbid, and consolidate the primordial Qi of the lower Jiao. Therefore, they can benefit the Yang pathway and treat various Bi syndromes (painful obstruction) as well as malignant sores that do not heal.
Endowed with the harmonious Qi of Earth and the Yin Qi of Water, it has a sweet flavor and cold nature, and is non-toxic. Sweetness tonifies the Stomach and harmonizes the middle, while coldness clears heat and descends fire; thus, it specifically clears Stomach heat. It is indispensable for conditions such as dysphagia (ye), hiccups (yue), vomiting, vexation and thirst, and cholera-like disorders belonging to excess-heat patterns. For preceding symptoms belonging to deficiency-cold patterns, it must absolutely not be used mistakenly.
Reed Rhizome (Lugen), obtained from digging up sweet-flavored soil, is effective; those exposed above the surface are harmful. It resolves alcohol toxicity, reduces fever and relieves vexation, stops vomiting and hiccups, opens the appetite and promotes food intake, clears Stomach heat, and stops thirst. It immediately resolves poisoning from eating fish and shrimp, and can cure fever during pregnancy. The white flower, named Pengrong, treats sudden and critical cases of cholera; decocting and drinking it brings relief.
Indications (Integration of Smallpox and Rashes): Most suitable for the initial stage of rashes, where there is Stomach heat, bad breath, and dense rashes around the mouth. Contraindicated in cases of Spleen and Stomach deficiency.
The odor and flavor are sweet and cold, non-toxic. Due to its sweet and bland flavor, cold nature, and light and penetrating texture, it can unblock and promote urination through the Small Intestine, allowing latent heat in the Heart channel to exit via urine. It is the supreme herb for treating latent heat in the lower Jiao and water metabolism disorders. However, due to its draining and promoting action, it is contraindicated in collapse syndromes and cases of urinary incontinence.
Cyperus Papyrus Stem (Dengxin), fresh peeled ones are best. It descends Heart fire, clears Lung heat, unblocks the Yin orifices, promotes urination, eliminates strangury and dribbling, reduces edema caused by water-dampness, and uses its light and clear properties to remove dampness and heat. Thus, it treats rash syndromes and floating heat in the upper Jiao. Decocting and taking the root yields superior efficacy; boiling with old mats yields even better results.
Papyrus Flower (Denghua): Stops night crying in infants, treats adult throat bi (sore throat/throat obstruction), applied to metal wounds to stop bleeding and promote tissue regeneration.
Indications (Integration of Smallpox and Rashes): The root and stem primarily treat five types of strangury (wulin), clear the Heart and resolve heat. When charred but retaining its original nature (shao cun xing), it stops night crying in infants.