人身之脉（总论气血脉息），本乎荣卫，荣者，阴血，卫者阳气，荣行脉中，卫
行脉外，脉不自行，随气而至，气动脉应，阴阳之义，气如橐龠，血如波阑，血脉气
息，上下循环。十二经中，皆有动脉，手太阴经，可得而息（十二经动脉肺为大会）
此经属肺经曰∶脉会太渊。太渊穴名，（即寸口也），上系吭嗌，脉之大会，息之出
入。初持脉时，（诊脉法）令仰其掌，掌后高骨，是谓关上，关前为阳，关后为阴，阳
寸阴尺，先后推寻，寸关与尺，两手各有揣得高骨，上下左右，左手为阳，右手为阴，
浮取为阳，沉取为阴，数躁为阳，迟慢为阴，有力为阳，无力为阴，长大为阳，短小
为阴，男子之脉（男女脉病同异），左大为顺，女之子脉，右大为顺，男尺恒虚，女尺
恒盛。凡诊病脉，平旦为准，虚静凝神，调息细审，一呼一吸，合为一息，四至五至，
平和之则，三至为迟（迟数冷热），迟则为冷。六至为数，数即热症。转迟转冷，转数
转热，在人消息，在人差别，迟数既得，即辨浮沉，浮表沉里（浮沉表里），深浅酌斟。
浮数表热，沉数里热，浮迟表虚，沉迟冷结。察其六部（六部主候脏腑），的在何处？
一部两经，一脏一腑，左寸属心，合于小肠，关为肝胆，尺肾膀胱，右寸主肺，大肠
同条，关则脾胃，尺命三焦，不特脏腑（身分三部），身亦如是。上下中央，三部分之，
寸候胸上，关候膈下，尺候于脐，直至跟踝，左脉候左，（左右）右脉候右，病随所
在，不病者否。浮沉迟数，有内外因（浮沉迟数以应天人内外，风寒暑湿燥火），外因
于天，内缘于人，天则阴阳，风雨晦明，人喜怒忧，思恐悲惊，外因之浮，则为表症，
沉里迟寒，数则热盛，内因浮脉，虚风所为，沉气迟冷，数躁何疑？表里寒热，风气
冷躁。辨内外因，脉症参考，（五脏脉候轻重）浮沉之脉，亦有当然。浮为心肺，沉属
肾肝；脾者中州，浮沉之间；肺重三菽，皮毛相得；六菽为心，得之血脉；脾九菽重，
得于肌肉；肝与筋平，重十二菽；惟有肾脉，独沉之极，按之至骨。举指来疾，脉理
浩繁，总括于四，六难七难，专衍其义。析而言之，七表八里，又有九道（七表八里九
道，脉病形状），六名乃备。浮而无力是为芤脉（合则为四），有力为洪，形象可识。
沉而有力，其脉为实，无力微弱，伏则沉极，脉迟有力，滑而流利，无力缓涩，慢同
一例，数而有力，脉名为紧，小紧为弦，疑似宜审，合则为四。离为七八，天机之秘，
神授之诀，举之有余，按之不足（离为七八），泛泛浮浮，如水漂木，芤脉何似，绝
类兹葱，指下成窟，有边无中，滑脉如珠，往来转旋，举按皆盛，实脉则然，弦如张
弦，紧如细线，洪较之浮，大而力健，隐隐约约，微渺难寻，举无按有，便指为沉，似
迟不迟，是谓之缓，如雨沾沙，涩难而短，迟则极缓，伏按至骨，濡则软软，弱则忽
忽，既知七表，更知八里，九迎之形，不可不记，诸家九道（九道脉），互有去取，不
可相无，不可相有，过于本位，相引曰长，短则不及，来去乖张，形大力薄，其虚可
知，长短二脉，勿诊关中，盖寸关尺，一气贯通，焉能间断，长短何踪，惟于寸尺，
二者常逢，促结俱止，促数结迟，代止不然，止难回之，三脉皆止，当审毫厘，牢比
弦紧，转坚转劲，动则动摇，厥厥不定，细面一线，小而有力，弦大虚芤，脉曰改革，
涣漫不收，其脉为散，急疾曰改，脉最易见，即脉求病，病无不明，病参之脉，可决
死生，然有应病，（肾病不应）有不相应，此最宜详，不可执定。人安脉病，是曰行
尸，人病脉和，可保无危。右寸气口，左寸人迎，气口脉大，主食内停，人迎脉大，主
风外因（或云肝为风脏，胃为水谷之海，故以两关分人迎、气口，以候内因外因，未有
以心辨风，以肺辨食者。）内伤外感，按此搜索。（中风痰气）中风脉浮，滑兼痰气，
其或沉滑，勿以风治，或浮或沉，而微而虚，扶危治痰，风未可疏，坚
大急疾，其凶可知。伤寒热病（伤寒），脉喜浮洪，沉微涩小，证必多凶，汗后脉静，
身凉则安，汗后脉躁，热甚必难，阳证见阴，命必危殆，阴证见阳，虽困无害。（伤
风）阳浮而滑，阴濡而弱，此名伤风，勿用
寒药，阳濡而弱，阴小而急，此非风寒，乃湿温脉，阴阳俱盛，病热之极，浮之而滑，
沉之散涩，惟有温病，脉散诸经，各随所在，不可指名。（中暑）暑伤于气，所以脉
虚，弦细芤迟，体状无余，或涩或细，或濡或缓，是皆中湿，可得而断。劳倦内伤，脾
脉虚弱，汗出脉躁，死证可察。疟脉自弦，弦迟多寒，弦数多热，代散则绝，病久之
脉，虚微无力，似乎不弦，细诊可得。（五痹）风寒湿气，合而为痹，浮涩而紧，三脉
乃备。香港脚之脉，其状有四，浮弦为风，濡弱湿气，迟涩因寒洪数热郁，风汗湿温，热
下寒热，腰痛之脉，皆沉而弦，兼浮者风，兼紧者寒，濡细则湿，实则闪肭，指下既
明，治斯不忒。尺脉虚弱，（痿痛）缓涩而紧，病为足痛，或者痿病。涩则无血，厥寒
为甚，尺微无阴，下痢逆冷，无积不利，脉宜滑大，浮弦急死，沉细无害，热厥脉伏
（便秘），时或而数，便秘必难，治不可错。疝脉弦急，积聚在里，牢急者生，弱急者
死，沉迟浮涩，疝瘕寒痛，痛甚则伏，或细或动。风寒暑湿，气郁生涎，下虚上实，皆
晕而眩，风浮寒紧，湿细暑虚，涎弦而滑，虚脉则无，治眩晕法，尤当审谛，先理痰
气，次随症治。呕吐反胃，浮滑者昌，弦数紧涩，结肠者亡。滑数为呕，代者霍乱，微
滑者生，涩数凶断。夏月泄泻，脉应暑湿，洪而数溲，脉必虚极，治暑湿泻，分其小
便，虚脱固肠，罔有不痊。滑而不匀，必是吐泻，霍乱之候，脉代勿讶，厥逆迟微，是
则可嗟。偏弦为饮，或沉弦滑，或结或伏，参饮中节，总痰之脉，势必弦滑。喘脉浮
滑，手温并佳，四肢若寒，沉涩难药。 嗽所因，浮风紧寒，数热缓湿，房劳涩难，
右关濡者，饮食伤脾，左关弦短，疲极肝衰，浮短肺伤，法当 嗽，五脏之嗽，各
视本部，浮紧虚寒，沉数实热，洪滑多痰，弦涩少血，形盛脉细，不足以息，沉伏而
紧，皆是死脉，惟有浮大，而嗽者生，外症内脉，参考称停。下手脉沉，便知是气，沉
极则伏，涩弱难治，其或沉滑，气兼痰饮沉弦细动，皆是痛症，心痛在寸，腹痛在
关，下部在尺，脉象显然，心中惊悸，脉必代结，饮食之悸，沉浮动滑。癫痫之脉，浮
洪大长，滑大坚疾，痰蓄心狂，癫乃重阴，狂乃重阳，浮洪吉象，沉急凶殃，痫宜虚
缓，沉小急实，或量弦急，俱死不治。鬼祟之脉，左右不齐，乍大乍小，乍长乍短，此
皆邪脉，神志昏乱，汗脉浮虚，或涩或濡，软散洪大，渴饮无余。三消之脉，数大者
生，细微短涩，应手堪惊。遗精白浊，当验于尺，结芤动紧，二症之的，鼻头色黄，小
便必难，实大可疗，涩小知亡。便血则芤，数则赤黄，实脉癃闭，热在膀胱。诸症失
血，皆见芤脉，随其上下，以验所出，脉贵缓小，数大难治。水肿之症，有阴有阳，察
脉观色，问症须详，阴脉沉迟，其色青白，不渴而渴，小便清涩，脉或沉数，则赤而
黄，燥屎赤溺，兼渴为阳。胀满脉弦，脾制于肝，洪数热胀，迟弱阴寒，浮为虚满，紧
则中实，浮大可治，虚细危急。蓄血在中，牢大却宜，沉涩而微，速愈者希。胸痞脉
滑，为有痰结，弦伏亦结，涩则气劣。肝积肥气，弦细青色，心为伏梁，沉芤色赤，脾
积痞气，浮大而长，其色脾土，中央之黄，肺积息贲，浮毛色白，奔豚属肾，沉急面
黑，五脏为积，六腑为聚，积在本位，聚无定处，驶紧浮牢，小而沉实，或结或伏，为
聚为积，实强者生，沉小者死，生死之别，病同脉异，提纲有云，不可不知，积脉弘
紧，郁脉沉涩。气口紧盛，为伤于食，食不消化，浮滑而疾，噫气殊臭，胸膈痞塞，亦
有头痛，身兼发热，但身不疼，是为食异。五疸实热，脉必洪数，其或微涩，症属虚
弱，骨蒸劳热，脉数而虚，热而涩小，必殒其躯，劳极诸虚，浮软微弱，土败双弦，火
炎则数，加汗加咳，非药可除。头痛阳弦，浮风紧寒，风热洪数，湿细而坚，气虚头
痛，虽弦必涩，痰厥则滑，肾厥坚实。男子久病，验于气口，脉强则生，脉弱则死，女
子久病，验于人迎，脉弱则死，脉强则生。痈疽浮数，恶寒发热，若有痛处，痈疽所
发，未溃脓时，脉宜洪大，及其已溃，洪大始戒，脉数发热，而疼者阳，不数不热，不
疼阴疮，发痈之脉，弦洪相搏，细沉而直。肺肝俱数，寸数而实，肺痈已成，数而无
力，肺痿之形，肺痈色白，脉宜短涩，死者浮大，不白而赤。诸虚脉细，或缓无力，手
分左右，虚分血气，右手脉弱，或数或大，重按无力，血虚须酌，左手弱迟，阳虚之
势，脉若紧指，真气虚极，脉弦兼数，阴虚热疾。肠痈难知，滑数可推，数而不热，肠
痈何疑？迟紧未脓，下以平之，洪数脓成，不下为宜，沉细无根，其死可知。阴搏于
下，阳别于上，血气和调，有子之象，手之少阴，其脉动甚，尺按不绝，此为有孕，少
阴属心，心主血脉，肾为胞门，脉应于尺，或寸脉微，关滑尺数，往来流利，如雀之
啄，或诊三都，浮沉一止，或平而虚，当问月水，妇人有病，而无邪脉，此孕无病，所
以不月，滑疾不散，胎必三月，但疾不散，五月可别。男女之别，以左右取，左疾为
男，右疾为女，沉实在左，浮大在右，右女左男，可以预剖。离经六至，沉细而滑，阵
痛连腰，胎实时脱，新产之脉，小缓为虚，实大弦牢，其凶可明。血瘕弦急，而大者
生，虚小弱者，即是死形。半产漏下，革脉主之，弱即血耗，立见倾危。诊小儿脉，浮
沉为先，浮表沉里，便知其源，大小滑涩，虚实迟驶，各根据脉形，以审症治。大凡妇
人，及夫婴稚，病同丈夫，脉即同例，惟有妇人，胎症血气，小儿惊疳，变蒸等类，各
有方法，与丈夫异，要知妇孺，贵识症形，问始之详，脉难尽凭，望闻问切，神圣工
巧，愚者昧昧，明者了了。病咏诊法，大略如斯，若乃持脉，尤所当知，谓如春弦，夏
名钩脉，秋则为毛，冬则为石，实强太过，病见于外，虚微不及，病决在内，四脉各
异，四时各论，皆以胃气，而为之本，胃气者何，脉之中和，缓而和匀，不疾不徐，不
大不小，不浮不沉，意思欣欣，悠悠扬扬，久按有神，难以名状，过与不及，皆是偏
颇。春主肝木，夏主心火，脾土乘旺，则在长夏，秋主肺金，冬主肾水。五脏脉象（五
脉配五运），与五运配，肝脉弦长，厌厌聂聂，指下寻之，如循榆叶，益坚而滑，如
循长竿，是谓太过，受病于肝，急如张弦，又如循办，如按琴瑟，肝死之应，浮大如
散，心和且安，累累如环，如循琅 ，病则益数，如鸡举足，死则带钩，后踞前曲。浮
涩而无，蔼蔼如盖，此肺之平，按之益大，病如循羽，不下不上，死则消索，吹毛扬
扬。沉濡而滑，肾平则若，上大下锐，滑如雀啄，肾之病脉，啄啄连属，连属之中，然
而微曲，来如解索，去如弹石，已死之肾，在人审识，脾者中州，平和不见，然亦可
察，中大而缓，来如雀啄，如滴漏水，脾脏之衰，脉乃见此。又有肥瘦，修长侏儒，肥
浮瘦敛，短促长疏，性急之人，五至为平，性缓之人，四至为则，身长之人，下指宜
疏，身短之人，下指宜密。北方之人，每见实强，南方之人，恒多软弱，少壮脉大，老
年脉虚，酒后脉数，饭后脉洪，远行脉疾，久饥脉空。室女尼姑，脉多濡弱，纯阳之
子，脉多洪数，各分诊法，不可一途，脉有反关，动在臂后，别由列缺，不干证候，难
尽者意，难穷者理，得之于心，应之于指。
人体的脉象（总论气血脉息），根本在于营卫。营，就是阴血；卫，就是阳气。营气运行在脉管之中，卫气运行在脉管之外。脉管本身不能自行跳动，而是随着气的推动而搏动，气运动则脉相应，这体现了阴阳的道理。气就像风箱一样鼓动，血像波浪一样起伏，血脉与气息上下循环往复。
在十二经脉中，都有动脉搏动，其中手太阴肺经的脉搏可以清晰地诊察到（十二经的动脉以肺经为大会）。这条经脉属于肺经，所以说：“脉会于太渊”。太渊是穴位名称（也就是寸口），向上连接咽喉，是脉气大会聚之处，也是呼吸出入的关键部位。
初诊脉时（诊脉法），让患者手掌向上，手腕后方高起的骨头，称为“关”。关的前面为阳，称为“寸”；关的后面为阴，称为“尺”。通过先后推寻寸、关、尺三部，两手各有可触及的高骨。从上下左右来看，左手属阳，右手属阴；轻取为阳，重按为阴；脉率快躁动为阳，脉率慢迟缓为阴；脉有力为阳，脉无力为阴；脉形长大为阳，脉形短小为阴。
男子的脉象（男女脉病同异），左手脉大者为顺；女子的脉象，右手脉大者为顺。男子尺脉通常偏虚，女子尺脉通常偏盛。
凡是诊察疾病脉象，以清晨平旦时分为准。医生需虚静凝神，调整呼吸仔细审察。一呼一吸合为一息，脉搏跳动四至五至，是平和的标准。三至为迟脉（迟数主冷热），迟脉主寒证。六至为数脉，数脉主热证。脉越迟越冷，脉越快越热，这需要医者细心辨别。得到迟数的信息后，再辨别浮沉。浮脉主表，沉脉主里（浮沉对应表里），需斟酌深浅。浮数主表热，沉数主里热，浮迟主表虚，沉迟主寒结。
观察其六部脉（六部主候脏腑），确切位置在哪里？每一部对应两条经脉，一脏一腑。左寸属心，与小肠相合；关部属肝胆；尺部属肾与膀胱。右寸主肺，与大肠相通；关部属脾胃；尺部属命门与三焦。不仅脏腑如此（身体分为上中下三部），全身也类似。上部、中部、下部各占一部分：寸部候胸部以上，关部候膈肌以下，尺部候脐部直至脚跟踝部。左脉候身体左侧，右脉候身体右侧，病在哪里，哪里就有异常脉象，无病的地方则无异常。
浮沉迟数，有内外因（浮沉迟数以应天人内外，风寒暑湿燥火）。外因源于天，内因源于人。天有阴阳、风雨晦明，人有喜怒忧思恐悲惊。外因导致的浮脉，表现为表证；沉脉主里，迟脉主寒，数脉主热盛。内因导致的浮脉，多为虚风所为；沉脉主气滞，迟脉主冷，数脉躁动有何可疑？表里寒热，风气冷躁。辨别内外因，需脉症参考（五脏脉候轻重）。
浮沉之脉，也有其常理。浮脉属心肺，沉脉属肾肝；脾属中州，脉象在浮沉之间。诊肺脉重如三片豆叶的重量，应得之于皮毛；重如六片豆叶，应得之于血脉（心）；重如九片豆叶，应得之于肌肉（脾）；重如十二片豆叶，应得之于筋（肝）；唯有肾脉，独沉至极，需按至骨方得。举指来去疾速，脉理浩繁，总括于四种基本脉象。《难经》六难七难专门阐述其义。细分而言，有七表、八里，又有九道（七表八里九道，描述脉病形状），六种名称才完备。
浮而无力是芤脉（合则为四），有力是洪脉，形象可识别。沉而有力，脉名为实；无力微弱，伏脉是沉脉的极致。脉迟有力，滑利流利；无力缓涩，慢脉同理。数而有力，脉名为紧；小紧为弦，疑似需审慎，合则为四。离为七八，是天机之秘，神授之诀。举之有余，按之不足（离为七八），泛泛浮浮，如水漂木。芤脉像什么？极像葱管，指下成窟，有边无中。滑脉如珠，往来转旋，举按皆盛，实脉就是这样。弦脉如张开的弓弦，紧脉如细线。洪脉较之浮脉，大而力健。隐隐约约，微渺难寻，举之无而按之有，便指为沉脉。似迟不迟，谓之缓脉，如雨沾沙。涩脉难行而短，迟脉极缓。伏脉按至骨。濡脉软软，弱脉忽忽。既知七表，更知八里，九迎之形，不可不记。诸家九道脉，互有取舍，不可相无，也不可相有。过于本位，相互牵引叫长脉；短则不及。来去乖张，形大力薄，可知其虚。长短二脉，勿诊关中，因为寸关尺一气贯通，怎能间断？长短踪迹，只在寸尺二者常逢。促脉、结脉皆有止歇，促脉数而止，结脉迟而止，代脉止歇难回。三脉皆有止歇，当审察毫厘。牢脉比弦紧更坚劲。动脉则动摇不定，厥厥不定。细脉如一线，小而有力。弦大虚芤，脉曰革脉。涣漫不收，脉为散脉。急疾曰改（此处疑为“数”或特定脉名，原文作改，依文意推测可能指某种急疾之脉，但标准术语中少见，暂保留原意或指代不明），脉最易见。即脉求病，病无不明；病参之脉，可决死生。然有应病之脉，有不相应之脉，此最宜详查，不可执定。人安脉病，这叫“行尸”；人病脉和，可保无危。
右寸为气口，左寸为人迎。气口脉大，主食积内停；人迎脉大，主风邪外因（或云肝为风脏，胃为水谷之海，故以两关分人迎、气口，以候内因外因，未有以心辨风，以肺辨食者）。内伤外感，按此搜索。（中风痰气）中风脉浮，滑兼痰气，若沉滑，勿以风治。或浮或沉，而微而虚，扶危治痰，风未可疏。坚大急疾，其凶可知。
伤寒热病，脉喜浮洪，若沉微涩小，证必多凶。汗后脉静，身凉则安；汗后脉躁，热甚必难。阳证见阴脉，命必危殆；阴证见阳脉，虽困无害。（伤风）阳浮而滑，阴濡而弱，此名伤风，勿用寒药。阳濡而弱，阴小而急，此非风寒，乃湿温脉。阴阳俱盛，病热之极。浮之而滑，沉之散涩，惟有温病，脉散诸经，各随所在，不可指名。
（中暑）暑伤于气，所以脉虚。弦细芤迟，体状无余。或涩或细，或濡或缓，是皆中湿，可得而断。劳倦内伤，脾脉虚弱，汗出脉躁，死证可察。疟脉自弦，弦迟多寒，弦数多热，代散则绝。病久之脉，虚微无力，似乎不弦，细诊可得。
（五痹）风寒湿气，合而为痹，浮涩而紧，三脉乃备。香港脚之脉，其状有四：浮弦为风，濡弱湿气，迟涩因寒，洪数热郁。风汗湿温，热下寒热。腰痛之脉，皆沉而弦，兼浮者风，兼紧者寒，濡细则湿，实则闪肭。指下既明，治斯不忒。
尺脉虚弱，（痿痛）缓涩而紧，病为足痛，或者痿病。涩则无血，厥寒为甚。尺微无阴，下痢逆冷。无积不利，脉宜滑大，浮弦急死，沉细无害。热厥脉伏（便秘），时或而数，便秘必难，治不可错。疝脉弦急，积聚在里，牢急者生，弱急者死。沉迟浮涩，疝瘕寒痛，痛甚则伏，或细或动。
风寒暑湿，气郁生涎，下虚上实，皆晕而眩。风浮寒紧，湿细暑虚，涎弦而滑，虚脉则无。治眩晕法，尤当审谛，先理痰气，次随症治。呕吐反胃，浮滑者昌，弦数紧涩，结肠者亡。滑数为呕，代者霍乱，微滑者生，涩数凶断。
夏月泄泻，脉应暑湿，洪而数溲，脉必虚极。治暑湿泻，分其小便，虚脱固肠，罔有不痊。滑而不匀，必是吐泻，霍乱之候，脉代勿讶。厥逆迟微，是则可嗟。偏弦为饮，或沉弦滑，或结或伏，参饮中节，总痰之脉，势必弦滑。喘脉浮滑，手温并佳，四肢若寒，沉涩难药。
嗽所因，浮风紧寒，数热缓湿，房劳涩难。右关濡者，饮食伤脾；左关弦短，疲极肝衰。浮短肺伤，法当...（原文缺字，推测为“治”或类似动词）嗽。五脏之嗽，各视本部，浮紧虚寒，沉数实热，洪滑多痰，弦涩少血。形盛脉细，不足以息，沉伏而紧，皆是死脉，惟有浮大，而嗽者生。外症内脉，参考称停。
下手脉沉，便知是气，沉极则伏，涩弱难治。其或沉滑，气兼痰饮。沉弦细动，皆是痛症。心痛在寸，腹痛在关，下部在尺，脉象显然。心中惊悸，脉必代结。饮食之悸，沉浮动滑。癫痫之脉，浮洪大长，滑大坚疾，痰蓄心狂。癫乃重阴，狂乃重阳，浮洪吉象，沉急凶殃。痫宜虚缓，沉小急实，或量弦急，俱死不治。鬼祟之脉，左右不齐，乍大乍小，乍长乍短，此皆邪脉，神志昏乱。
汗脉浮虚，或涩或濡，软散洪大，渴饮无余。三消之脉，数大者生，细微短涩，应手堪惊。遗精白浊，当验于尺，结芤动紧，二症之的。鼻头色黄，小便必难，实大可疗，涩小知亡。便血则芤，数则赤黄，实脉癃闭，热在膀胱。诸症失血，皆见芤脉，随其上下，以验所出，脉贵缓小，数大难治。
水肿之症，有阴有阳，察脉观色，问症须详。阴脉沉迟，其色青白，不渴而渴，小便清涩。脉或沉数，则赤而黄，燥屎赤溺，兼渴为阳。胀满脉弦，脾制于肝，洪数热胀，迟弱阴寒。浮为虚满，紧则中实，浮大可治，虚细危急。蓄血在中，牢大却宜，沉涩而微，速愈者希。胸痞脉滑，为有痰结，弦伏亦结，涩则气劣。
肝积肥气，弦细青色；心为伏梁，沉芤色赤；脾积痞气，浮大而长，其色脾土，中央之黄；肺积息贲，浮毛色白；奔豚属肾，沉急面黑。五脏为积，六腑为聚，积在本位，聚无定处。驶紧浮牢，小而沉实，或结或伏，为聚为积，实强者生，沉小者死。生死之别，病同脉异，提纲有云，不可不知，积脉弘紧，郁脉沉涩。
气口紧盛，为伤于食，食不消化，浮滑而疾，噫气殊臭，胸膈痞塞，亦有头痛，身兼发热，但身不疼，是为食异。五疸实热，脉必洪数，其或微涩，症属虚弱。骨蒸劳热，脉数而虚，热而涩小，必殒其躯。劳极诸虚，浮软微弱，土败双弦，火炎则数，加汗加咳，非药可除。
头痛阳弦，浮风紧寒，风热洪数，湿细而坚。气虚头痛，虽弦必涩，痰厥则滑，肾厥坚实。男子久病，验于气口，脉强则生，脉弱则死。女子久病，验于人迎，脉弱则死，脉强则生。
痈疽浮数，恶寒发热，若有痛处，痈疽所发。未溃脓时，脉宜洪大，及其已溃，洪大始戒。脉数发热，而疼者阳，不数不热，不疼阴疮。发痈之脉，弦洪相搏，细沉而直。肺肝俱数，寸数而实，肺痈已成，数而无力，肺痿之形。肺痈色白，脉宜短涩，死者浮大，不白而赤。
诸虚脉细，或缓无力。手分左右，虚分血气，右手脉弱，或数或大，重按无力，血虚须酌。左手弱迟，阳虚之势，脉若紧指，真气虚极。脉弦兼数，阴虚热疾。肠痈难知，滑数可推，数而不热，肠痈何疑？迟紧未脓，下以平之，洪数脓成，不下为宜，沉细无根，其死可知。
阴搏于下，阳别于上，血气和调，有子之象。手之少阴，其脉动甚，尺按不绝，此为有孕。少阴属心，心主血脉，肾为胞门，脉应于尺。或寸脉微，关滑尺数，往来流利，如雀之啄。或诊三都，浮沉一止，或平而虚，当问月水。妇人有病，而无邪脉，此孕无病，所以不月。滑疾不散，胎必三月，但疾不散，五月可别。男女之别，以左右取，左疾为男，右疾为女，沉实在左，浮大在右，右女左男，可以预剖。离经六至，沉细而滑，阵痛连腰，胎实时脱。新产之脉，小缓为虚，实大弦牢，其凶可明。血瘕弦急，而大者生，虚小弱者，即是死形。半产漏下，革脉主之，弱即血耗，立见倾危。
诊小儿脉，浮沉为先，浮表沉里，便知其源。大小滑涩，虚实迟驶，各根据脉形，以审症治。大凡妇人，及夫婴稚，病同丈夫，脉即同例。惟有妇人，胎症血气，小儿惊疳，变蒸等类，各有方法，与丈夫异。要知妇孺，贵识症形，问始之详，脉难尽凭。望闻问切，神圣工巧，愚者昧昧，明者了了。
病咏诊法，大略如斯。若乃持脉，尤所当知。谓如春弦，夏名钩脉，秋则为毛，冬则为石。实强太过，病见于外；虚微不及，病决在内。四脉各异，四时各论，皆以胃气，而为之本。胃气者何？脉之中和，缓而和匀，不疾不徐，不大不小，不浮不沉，意思欣欣，悠悠扬扬，久按有神，难以名状。过与不及，皆是偏颇。
春主肝木，夏主心火，脾土乘旺，则在长夏，秋主肺金，冬主肾水。五脏脉象（五脉配五运），与五运配。肝脉弦长，厌厌聂聂，指下寻之，如循榆叶，益坚而滑，如循长竿，是谓太过。受病于肝，急如张弦，又如循办，如按琴瑟，肝死之应，浮大如散。心和且安，累累如环，如循琅玕，病则益数，如鸡举足，死则带钩，后踞前曲。浮涩而无，蔼蔼如盖，此肺之平。按之益大，病如循羽，不下不上，死则消索，吹毛扬扬。沉濡而滑，肾平则若，上大下锐，滑如雀啄。肾之病脉，啄啄连属，连属之中，然而微曲，来如解索，去如弹石，已死之肾，在人审识。脾者中州，平和不见，然亦可察，中大而缓，来如雀啄，如滴漏水，脾脏之衰，脉乃见此。
又有肥瘦，修长侏儒，肥浮瘦敛，短促长疏。性急之人，五至为平，性缓之人，四至为则。身长之人，下指宜疏，身短之人，下指宜密。北方之人，每见实强，南方之人，恒多软弱。少壮脉大，老年脉虚。酒后脉数，饭后脉洪，远行脉疾，久饥脉空。室女尼姑，脉多濡弱，纯阳之子，脉多洪数。各分诊法，不可一途。脉有反关，动在臂后，别由列缺，不干证候。难尽者意，难穷者理，得之于心，应之于指。
The pulse of the human body (General discussion on Qi, Blood, and Pulse), originates from Ying (Nutrient) and Wei (Defensive). Ying refers to Yin Blood, while Wei refers to Yang Qi. Ying circulates within the vessels, and Wei circulates outside the vessels. The vessels do not move by themselves but follow the movement of Qi; when Qi moves, the pulse responds, embodying the principle of Yin and Yang. Qi is like a bellows, and blood is like waves; the pulse and breath circulate continuously up and down.
Among the twelve meridians, there are arterial pulses in all, but the pulse of the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian can be clearly palpated (The Lung meridian is the meeting point of the twelve meridians' arteries). This meridian belongs to the Lung, hence it is said: "The pulse meets at Taiyuan." Taiyuan is an acupoint name (also known as Cun Kou), located superiorly connected to the throat, serving as the great convergence of pulse Qi and the exit/entry point of respiration.
When initially palpating the pulse (Pulse diagnosis method), instruct the patient to extend their palm upward. The prominent bone behind the wrist is called the Guan (Bar). The area anterior to the Guan is Yang, called Cun (Inch); the area posterior to the Guan is Yin, called Chi (Cubit). By sequentially exploring the Cun, Guan, and Chi positions, one can feel the prominent bones in both hands. Considering the upper/lower and left/right aspects: the Left hand corresponds to Yang, and the Right hand to Yin; light pressure represents Yang, deep pressure represents Yin; rapid and restless pulse indicates Yang, slow and delayed pulse indicates Yin; forceful pulse indicates Yang, weak pulse indicates Yin; long and large pulse shape indicates Yang, short and small pulse shape indicates Yin.
For men's pulses (Differences in pulse pathology between genders), a larger pulse on the Left side is favorable; for women's pulses, a larger pulse on the Right side is favorable. Men typically have a deficient Chi pulse, while women typically have a robust Chi pulse.
Whenever diagnosing disease pulses, the time of early morning (Ping Dan) is taken as the standard. The physician must maintain mental stillness and clarity, regulate their own breathing, and examine carefully. One exhalation and one inhalation constitute one respiratory cycle (Xi). Four to five beats per respiratory cycle represent the standard of a healthy pulse. Three beats per cycle constitute a Delayed (Chi) pulse (Delayed/Frequent indicate Cold/Heat); a Delayed pulse indicates Cold. Six beats per cycle constitute a Frequent (Shu) pulse; a Frequent pulse indicates Heat. The slower the pulse, the colder the condition; the faster the pulse, the hotter the condition. This requires careful differentiation by the practitioner. Once the information on Delayed or Frequent is obtained, proceed to distinguish Floating (Fu) and Sinking (Chen). Floating indicates Exterior, Sinking indicates Interior (Floating/Sinking correspond to Exterior/Interior); one must weigh the depth. Floating-Frequent indicates Exterior Heat, Sinking-Frequent indicates Interior Heat, Floating-Delayed indicates Exterior Deficiency, Sinking-Delayed indicates Cold accumulation.
Observe the six positions (Six positions govern Zang-Fu organs) to determine the exact location. Each position corresponds to two meridians, one Zang and one Fu organ. The Left Cun belongs to the Heart, harmonizing with the Small Intestine; the Guan belongs to the Liver and Gallbladder; the Chi belongs to the Kidney and Bladder. The Right Cun governs the Lung, sharing a connection with the Large Intestine; the Guan belongs to the Spleen and Stomach; the Chi belongs to the Mingmen and Sanjiao. This applies not only to Zang-Fu organs (the body is divided into three sections) but also generally. The Upper, Middle, and Lower parts each cover a section: Cun observes the chest and above, Guan observes below the diaphragm, and Chi observes from the umbilicus down to the heels and ankles. The Left pulse observes the left side of the body, the Right pulse observes the right side. Disease manifests where the abnormality lies; where there is no disease, there is no abnormality.
Floating, Sinking, Delayed, and Frequent pulses have internal and external causes (Floating/Sinking/Delayed/Frequent correspond to Heaven/Human, Internal/External factors such as Wind, Cold, Summer-heat, Dampness, Dryness, Fire). External causes stem from Heaven, internal causes from Human. Heaven has Yin/Yang, wind/rain, darkness/brightness; Humans have joy, anger, worry, thought, fear, grief, fright. An external cause leading to a Floating pulse presents as an Exterior syndrome; Sinking indicates Interior, Delayed indicates Cold, Frequent indicates Excess Heat. An internal cause leading to a Floating pulse is often due to Empty Wind; Sinking indicates Qi stagnation, Delayed indicates Cold, Frequent and restless—what doubt remains? To distinguish internal and external causes, refer to symptoms alongside the pulse (Weight of Zang pulse diagnosis).
There is a natural logic to Floating and Sinking pulses. Floating belongs to the Heart and Lung; Sinking belongs to the Kidney and Liver; the Spleen belongs to the Central Earth, its pulse lying between Floating and Sinking. Palpating the Lung pulse with the weight of three bean seeds should yield sensation at the skin level; six bean seeds at the blood vessel level (Heart); nine bean seeds at the muscle level (Spleen); twelve bean seeds at the tendon level (Liver). Only the Kidney pulse sinks extremely, requiring palpation to the bone. With quick movements of lifting fingers, the principles of pulse are vast, summarized in four basic types. Chapters 6 and 7 of the *Nan Jing* specifically expand on these meanings. Analyzing further, there are Seven Superficial (Qi Biao), Eight Interior (Ba Li), and Nine Distinctive (Jiu Dao) categories (Seven Superficial, Eight Interior, Nine Distinctive describe pulse/pathology shapes), completing the six names.
Floating but forceless is the Knife-cut (Kou) pulse (Combined they make four); forceful is the Surging (Hong) pulse, recognizable by its image. Sinking and forceful is the Full (Shi) pulse; forceless and weak is the Hidden (Fu) pulse, the extreme of sinking. Delayed but forceful is Slippery (Hua) and fluent; forceless, Slow (Huan) and Choppy (Se) are similar. Frequent and forceful is Tight (Jin); small and tight is Wiry (Xian), which requires careful distinction, combining to make four. Separated as seven and eight, these are heavenly secrets and divine instructions. Lifting reveals excess, pressing reveals deficiency (Separated as seven and eight), floating vaguely like wood drifting on water. What does the Kou pulse resemble? It is very much like a scallion stalk, forming a hollow under the finger, with edges but no center. Slippery pulse is like a bead, rolling back and forth, abundant upon both lifting and pressing; this is the Full pulse. Wiry pulse is like a stretched string; Tight pulse is like a thin thread. Surging pulse compared to Floating is larger and stronger. Faint and elusive, hard to find, absent on lifting but present on pressing, this is the Sinking pulse. Seeming delayed but not quite, it is called Slow (Huan), like rain soaking into sand. Choppy pulse is difficult and short; Delayed is extremely slow. Hidden pulse presses to the bone. Soft (Ru) pulse is soft; Weak (Ruo) pulse is fleeting. Having known the Seven Superficial, one must know the Eight Interior. The forms of the Nine Approaches must not be forgotten. Various schools' Nine Distinctive pulses have mutual exclusions and inclusions; neither can be entirely absent nor entirely present. Extending beyond its proper position and pulling is called Long (Chang); Short (Duan) is insufficient. Coming and going irregularly, large form but thin force indicates Deficiency. Do not diagnose Long and Short at the Guan, because Cun, Guan, and Chi are connected by one Qi, how could they be interrupted? Long and Short traces are found mainly at the Cun and Chi. Cu (Surging), Jie (Knotted), and Dai (Intermittent) all have pauses. Cu is frequent with pauses, Jie is delayed with pauses, Dai pauses are hard to recover. All three have pauses, requiring meticulous examination. Lao (Firm) is harder and stronger than Wiry and Tight. Dong (Moving) shakes and is unstable. Xi (Fine) is like a single line, small but forceful. Xian, Da, Xu, and Kou combine to form the Ge (Leather) pulse. Scattered and unrestrained is the San (Scattered) pulse. Rapid and urgent is Gai (Change - *note: likely a specific term or typo in original, interpreted contextually*), the easiest pulse to see. Seeking disease through pulse makes disease clear; referring disease to pulse determines life and death. However, some pulses correspond to disease, others do not; this must be detailed, not rigidly fixed. If the person is healthy but the pulse shows disease, it is called "Walking Corpse"; if the person is diseased but the pulse is harmonious, danger can be avoided.
The Right Cun is Qi Kou, the Left Cun is Ren Ying. A large Qi Kou pulse indicates food retention internally; a large Ren Ying pulse indicates external Wind pathogen (Some say Liver is the Wind organ, Stomach is the sea of water and grain, thus using Guan positions for Ren Ying and Qi Kou to observe internal and external causes, without distinguishing Wind by Heart or Food by Lung). For internal injury and external contraction, search according to this. (Wind-stroke with Phlegm-Qi) Wind-stroke pulse is Floating, Slippery combined with Phlegm-Qi; if Sinking-Slippery, do not treat as Wind. Whether Floating or Sinking, if Fine and Deficient, support the critical state and treat Phlegm; Wind should not be dispersed. Hard, large, and urgent indicates凶 (ominous).
Cold damage and heat diseases favor Floating-Hong pulses; if Sinking, Micro, Choppy, or Small, the prognosis is mostly ominous. After sweating, if the pulse is quiet and body cool, safety is ensured; if pulse is restless after sweating, heat is severe and difficult to treat. Yang syndrome showing Yin pulse means life is in danger; Yin syndrome showing Yang pulse, though difficult, is harmless. (Wind-cold) Yang position Floating and Slippery, Yin position Ru and Weak, this is named Wind-cold, do not use Cold medicines. Yang position Ru and Weak, Yin position Small and Urgent, this is not Wind-Cold, but Damp-Warmth pulse. If both Yin and Yang are excessive, the disease is extreme heat. Floating reveals Slippery, Sinking reveals Scattered-Choppy; only Warmth disease has pulses scattered across meridians, following their locations, impossible to specify directly.
(Summer-heat) Summer-heat damages Qi, therefore the pulse is Deficient. Wiry, Fine, Kou, Delayed, the characteristics are complete. Or Choppy or Fine, or Ru or Huan, all indicate Dampness invasion, which can be determined. Labor and fatigue internal injury shows Weak Spleen pulse; sweating with restless pulse indicates death. Malaria pulse is naturally Wiry; Wiry-Delayed indicates more Cold, Wiry-Frequent indicates more Heat, Dai-San indicates severance. Long-standing disease pulse is Deficient, Micro, and forceless, seemingly not Wiry, but obtainable through fine diagnosis.
(Five Bi syndromes) Wind, Cold, and Dampness combine to form Bi; Floating, Choppy, and Tight, these three pulses are prepared. Hong Kong foot (Podagra/Gout-like) pulse has four states: Floating-Wiry is Wind, Ru-Weak is Dampness, Delayed-Choppy is Cold, Hong-Frequent is Heat stagnation. Wind-sweat, Damp-warmth, Heat-lower, Cold-upper. Low back pain pulse is all Sinking and Wiry; combined with Floating is Wind, combined with Tight is Cold, Ru-Fine is Dampness, Full is sprain. Once the finger understanding is clear, treatment will not err.
Chi pulse Weak, (Wei Tong) Huan-Se-Jin, disease is foot pain, or Wei disease. Se indicates lack of blood, Jue cold is severe. Chi Micro indicates lack of Yin, dysentery with reverse cold. No accumulation but no stool, pulse should be Slippery-Large; Floating-Wiry-Urgent leads to death, Sinking-Fine is harmless. Heat Jue pulse is Hidden (Constipation), occasionally Frequent; constipation is difficult, treatment must not be wrong. Hernia pulse is Wiry-Urgent, accumulation inside; Firm-Urgent lives, Weak-Urgent dies. Sinking-Delayed, Floating-Choppy, hernia-mass cold pain, pain severe leads to Hidden, or Fine or Moving.
Wind, Cold, Summer-heat, Dampness, Qi stagnation generates phlegm-fluid, lower Deficiency upper Excess, all result in dizziness and vertigo. Wind is Floating, Cold is Tight, Dampness is Fine, Summer-heat is Deficient, Phlegm-fluid is Wiry-Slippery, Deficient pulse is absent. Treating dizziness requires careful scrutiny: first regulate Phlegm-Qi, then treat according to symptoms. Vomiting and regurgitation: Floating-Slippery indicates recovery, Wiry-Frequent-Tight-Choppy indicates intestinal blockage and death. Slippery-Frequent is vomiting, Dai is Cholera, Micro-Slippery indicates life, Choppy-Frequent indicates凶 (ominous).
Summer diarrhea pulse should reflect Summer-heat and Dampness; Hong and Frequent urination, pulse must be extremely Deficient. Treat summer-heat dampness diarrhea by separating urine; for collapse, consolidate intestines, no cure not achieved. Slippery but uneven indicates vomiting/diarrhea; Cholera sign, Dai pulse do not startle. Jue Ni with Delayed-Micro is lamentable. Oblique Wiry indicates fluid retention, or Sinking-Wiry-Slippery, or Knotted or Hidden; refer to fluid retention rhythm, total Phlegm pulse is necessarily Wiry-Slippery. Asthma pulse is Floating-Slippery, hand warmth is good; if limbs are cold, Sinking-Choppy is hard to treat.
Cough causes: Floating is Wind, Tight is Cold, Frequent is Heat, Huan is Dampness, sexual exhaustion is Choppy-difficult. Right Guan Ru indicates diet injuring Spleen; Left Guan Wiry-Short indicates extreme fatigue and Liver decline. Floating-Short indicates Lung injury, method should [treat] cough. Five Zang coughs, each viewed by its own position: Floating-Tight-Deficient-Cold, Sinking-Frequent-Excess-Heat, Hong-Slippery indicates much Phlegm, Wiry-Choppy indicates little Blood. Large body but Fine pulse, insufficient breath, Sinking-Hidden-Tight are all death pulses; only Floating-Large with cough indicates life. External symptoms and internal pulse, reference balance.
Starting with Sinking pulse, know it is Qi; extreme Sinking becomes Hidden, Choppy-Weak is hard to treat. If Sinking-Slippery, Qi combined with Phlegm-Fluid. Sinking-Wiry-Fine-Moving are all Pain syndromes. Heart pain at Cun, Abdominal pain at Guan, Lower part at Chi, pulse image is obvious. Heart palpitations from fright, pulse must be Dai-Knotted. Diet-induced palpitations, Sinking-Float-Slippery. Epilepsy pulse: Floating-Hong-Large-Long, Slippery-Large-Firm-Urgent, Phlegm accumulating in Heart causing madness. Dian is Heavy Yin, Kuang is Heavy Yang; Floating-Hong is auspicious, Sinking-Urgent is ominous. Xian should be Deficient-Slow; Sinking-Small-Urgent-Full, or measuring Wiry-Urgent, all die untreatable. Ghost possession pulse: Left and Right unequal, suddenly large/small, suddenly long/short, these are evil pulses, spirit confused.
Sweat pulse is Floating-Deficient, or Choppy-Ru, Soft-Scattered-Hong, thirst drinking without relief. Three Xiao (Wasting-Thirst) pulse: Frequent-Large indicates life, Micro-Fine-Short-Choppy, shocking to touch. Spermatorrhea and white turbidity, verify at Chi; Knotted-Kou-Moving-Tight are definitive for these two conditions. Nose tip yellow, urination must be difficult; Full-Large can be treated, Choppy-Small knows demise. Hematochezia shows Kou pulse, Frequent indicates red/yellow, Full pulse indicates strangury, heat in Bladder. All bleeding symptoms show Kou pulse, depending on upper/lower to verify source; pulse prefers Slow-Small, Frequent-Large is hard to treat.
Edema disease has Yin and Yang; observe pulse, color, ask symptoms in detail. Yin pulse Sinking-Delayed, color blue-white, not thirsty yet feels thirsty, urine clear-choppy. Pulse may be Sinking-Frequent, then red-yellow, dry stool red urine, combined with thirst is Yang. Distension-fullness pulse Wiry, Spleen controlled by Liver, Hong-Frequent heat distension, Delayed-Weak Yin cold. Floating is empty fullness, Tight is central solid, Floating-Large is treatable, Weak-Fine is critical. Accumulated blood in middle, Firm-Large is suitable; Sinking-Choppy-Micro, quick recovery is rare. Chest stuffiness pulse Slippery indicates Phlegm knot, Wiry-Hidden also knotted, Choppy indicates inferior Qi.
Liver accumulation Fei Qi, Wiry-Fine blue color; Heart Fu Liang, Sinking-Kou red color; Spleen accumulation Pi Qi, Floating-Large-Long, color Spleen Earth, central Yellow; Lung accumulation Xi Ben, Floating-Hair white color; Ben Tun belongs to Kidney, Sinking-Urgent black face. Five Zang are accumulations, Six Fu are aggregations. Accumulation is in its proper place, Aggregation has no fixed place. Fast-Tight-Float-Firm, Small-Sinking-Full, or Knotted or Hidden, for aggregation or accumulation, Full-Strong lives, Sinking-Small dies. Difference between life and death, same disease different pulse, outline says, must know. Accumulation pulse Hong-Tight, Depression pulse Sinking-Choppy.
Qi Kou Tight-Abundant indicates food injury, food not digesting, Floating-Slippery-Urgent, belching distinct smell, chest-diaphragm stuffiness, also headache, body fever, but body not painful, this is food anomaly. Five Jaundice Excess-Heat, pulse must be Hong-Frequent, if Micro-Choppy, syndrome belongs to Weakness. Bone-steaming劳热 (Labor-heat), pulse Frequent-Deficient, Heat-Choppy-Small, must perish body. Extreme labor various deficiencies, Floating-Soft-Weak, Earth failure double Wiry, Fire flare Frequent, add sweat add cough, not medicine can remove.
Headache Yang Wiry, Floating Wind Tight Cold, Wind-Heat Hong-Frequent, Dampness Fine-Firm. Qi Deficiency headache, though Wiry must be Choppy, Phlegm Jue is Slippery, Kidney Jue Firm-Solid. Men long-term disease, verify at Qi Kou, pulse Strong lives, pulse Weak dies. Women long-term disease, verify at Ren Ying, pulse Weak dies, pulse Strong lives.
Carbuncle-furuncle Floating-Frequent, aversion to cold fever, if painful area, carbuncle-furuncle develops. Before pus rupture, pulse should be Hong-Large; after rupture, Hong-Large begins to warn. Pulse Frequent fever, and painful is Yang, not Frequent not hot, not painful Yin sore. Developing carbuncle pulse, Wiry-Hong collide, Fine-Sinking-Straight. Lung-Liver both Frequent, Cun Frequent-Full, Lung abscess formed, Frequent but forceless, Lung萎 (Atrophy) shape. Lung abscess color White, pulse should Short-Choppy, dying is Floating-Large, not white but Red.
Various deficiencies pulse Fine, or Slow-forceless. Hands divide left-right, deficiency divides Blood-Qi, Right hand pulse Weak, or Frequent or Large, heavy press forceless, Blood Deficiency must consider. Left hand Weak-Delayed, Yang Deficiency trend, pulse if Tight finger, True Qi Deficient extreme. Pulse Wiry combined Frequent, Yin Deficiency Heat disease. Intestinal abscess hard to know, Slippery-Frequent can deduce, Frequent but not hot, intestinal abscess what doubt? Delayed-Tight no pus, purge to level it, Hong-Frequent pus formed, not purging is suitable, Sinking-Fine rootless, death known.
Yin pulses below, Yang separates above, Blood-Qi harmonious, pregnancy image. Hand Shaoyin, its pulse moves greatly, Chi press not exhausted, this is pregnancy. Shaoyin belongs to Heart, Heart governs Blood-Vessels, Kidney is Uterus gate, pulse responds at Chi. Or Cun pulse Micro, Guan Slippery Chi Frequent, coming-going fluent, like sparrow pecking. Or diagnose San Du, Floating-Sinking one stop, or Flat-Deficient, must ask menstruation. Woman has disease, but no evil pulse, this pregnancy no disease, so no month. Slippery-Urgent not scatter, fetus must three months, only urgent not scatter, five months can distinguish. Male-female difference, take by left-right, Left urgent is male, Right urgent is female, Sinking-Solid at Left, Floating-Large at Right, Right female Left male, can predict. Li Jing six beats, Sinking-Fine-Slippery,阵痛 (paroxysmal pain) connects waist, fetus real-time falls off. New postpartum pulse, Small-Slow is Deficient, Full-Large-Wiry-Firm, its凶 (ominous) can be clear. Blood mass Wiry-Urgent, and Large lives, Weak-Small-Weak, is death shape. Half-birth leakage, Ge pulse governs it, Weak is blood consumption, immediately see collapse.
Diagnose child pulse, Floating-Sinking first, Floating Exterior Sinking Interior, know source. Large-Small Slippery-Choppy, Deficient-Full Delayed-Urgent, each according to pulse shape, to examine syndrome-treatment. Generally women, and infants, disease same husband, pulse same example. Only women, fetal syndrome Blood-Qi, children惊疳 (Convulsion-Marasmus), Bian Zheng etc., each has methods, different from husband. Know women-infants, value recognize syndrome-shape, ask beginning details, pulse hard fully rely. Look-Hear-Ask-Cut, Divine-Saint-Work-Skill, foolish obscure, bright clear.
Disease chant diagnosis method, general like this. If holding pulse, especially should know. Say like Spring Wiry, Summer named Hook pulse, Autumn then Hair, Winter then Stone. Full-Strong too much, disease appears outside; Weak-Micro insufficient, disease decided inside. Four pulses each different, four seasons each discuss, all with Stomach Qi, as its root. Stomach Qi is what? Pulse neutral-harmonious, Slow-and-even, not fast-not slow, not large-not small, not Floating-not Sinking, meaning joyful, leisurely-yangyang, long press has Shen (Spirit), hard to name. Excess and insufficient, all are bias.
Spring governs Liver Wood, Summer governs Heart Fire, Spleen Earth rides prosperity, then in Late Summer, Autumn governs Lung Metal, Winter governs Kidney Water. Five Zang pulse images (Five pulses match Five Movements), match Five Movements. Liver pulse Wiry-Long, Yan-Yan Nie-Nie, finger seek, like touching elm leaves, increasingly firm-sliding, like touching long bamboo, is called Excessive. Sick at Liver, urgent like stretched string, again like touching handle, like pressing zither-se, Liver death response, Floating-Large like Scatter. Heart peaceful and safe, piled like ring, like touching Lang Gan, sick then increasingly frequent, like chicken lifting foot, death then carries Hook, rear squat front curve. Floating-Choppy-no, Ai-Ai like cover, this Lung peace. Press increasingly large, sick like touching feather, not down-not up, death then consumes, blowing hair flying. Sinking-Ru-Slippery, Kidney peace then if, Upper large Lower sharp, Slippery like sparrow peck. Kidney sick pulse, Peck-peck connect, connect among, however slightly curved, come like untying rope, go like shooting stone, dead Kidney, in people examine know. Spleen is Central Earth, peace not seen, but also can observe, Middle large and Slow, come like sparrow peck, like dripping leak water, Spleen organ decay, pulse then sees this.
Also have fat-thin, tall-short, Fat Float Thin Gather, Short-Urgent Long-Sparse. Quick nature person, five beats is peace, Slow nature person, four beats is standard. Tall person, finger press should sparse, Short person, finger press should dense. Northern people, often see Full-Strong, Southern people, always many Weak-Soft. Young-strong pulse Large, Old pulse Deficient. After wine pulse Frequent, after meal pulse Hong, far travel pulse Urgent, long hunger pulse Empty. Virgin-nun, pulse many Ru-Weak, Pure Yang son, pulse many Hong-Frequent. Each divide diagnosis method, cannot one path. Pulse has Reverse Gate, moves at arm back, separate via Lie Que, not interfere syndrome. Hard finish meaning, hard exhaust reason, get in heart, respond at finger.